Biosorption and Bioaccumulation of Copper and Lead by Heavy Metal-Resistant Fungal Isolates (original) (raw)
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Biosorption of Copper and Lead by Heavy Metal Resistant Fungal Isolates
Microorganisms play a significant role in bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and wastewater. In this study heavy metal resistant fungi were isolated from the waste water treated soil samples of Hudiara drain, Lahore. The optimum pH and temperature conditions for heavy metal removal were determined for highly tolerant isolates of Aspergillus species along with the initial metal concentration and contact time. Biosorption capacity of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger was checked against Cu (II) and Pb (II) respectively. The optimal pH was 8-9 for A. flavus and 4-5.4 for A. niger, whereas the optimal temperature was 26°C and 37°C respectively. Moreover, the biosorption capacity of A. flavus was 20.75-93.65 mg/g for Cu (II) with initial concentration 200-1400 ppm. On the other hand the biosorption capacity of A. niger for Pb (II) ranged from 3.25-172.25 mg/g with the same range of initial metal concentration. It was also found that equilibrium was maintained after maximum adsorption.
Biosorption of heavy metal polluted soil using bacteria and fungi isolated from soil
SN Applied Sciences, 2019
Heavy metals polluted soils have turned out to be a common environmental problem across the globe due to their toxic effects and accumulation through the food chain. Heavy metals have lethal effects on all forms of life. For instance, plants grown on heavy metal polluted soil show a reduction in growth and yields. A surge in anthropogenic activities and industrial operations has substantially increased the level of heavy metal pollution and release into the environment; hence, there is need to remediate these heavy metal pollutants. Biosorption is an efficient, economical, ecofriendly and convenient techniques of remediating heavy metal polluted soils. It is a widely accepted method that utilizes biomaterials such as natural biomass as biosorbents. The current study was based on the biosorption of copper, chromium, cadmium and nickel polluted soil using bacteria and fungi isolated from soil. Bacterial species isolated were Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Micrococcus, Escherichia, Streptococcus, Enterobacter and Staphylococcus while fungi isolated were Aspergillus niger, Penicillium notatum and Aspergillus flavus. The isolated bacteria were screened for potential to biosorb copper and chromium likewise fungi for cadmium and nickel. Biosorption rate was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Five milliliters each of a-day-old culture of the screened bacteria and fungi was inoculated into 45 ml of nutrient broth (bacteria) and potato dextrose broth (fungi) having concentrations of 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppm, respectively, of copper, chromium, cadmium and nickel. The conical flasks were incubated at a temperature of 37 °C and 28 °C ± 2 for bacteria and fungi, respectively, for a period of 35 days of inoculation. For the bacterial isolates, the highest biosorption rates of chromium (89.67%) and copper (90.89%) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa were observed at 20 ppm on day 21 and 15 ppm on day 14, respectively, while for the fungi isolates, P. notatum showed highest biosorption rate for cadmium at 10 ppm with 77.67%. Aspergillus niger showed highest biosorption rate for nickel with 81.07% after 28 days of incubation. The results of this study revealed the ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to biosorb copper and chromium and also A. niger and P. notatum to biosorb cadmium and nickel from the environment and can be developed for the biosorption of soils polluted with copper, chromium, cadmium and nickel.
Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2005
Two isolates belonging to the predominant genera Aspergillus and Rhizopus isolated from agricultural field treated with sewage/ industrial effluents were selected for the biosorption potential evaluation of Cr and Cd. Pretreated, dead biomass of above fungi was used for bioadsorption experiment at pH value 4.5 with the biomass, 1-5 mg in a 100 ml metal solution of different concentration (2, 4, 6 and 8 mM) with a contact time of 18 hrs and agitation, 120 rpm. Bioadsorption of Cr ranged from 6.20-9.5 mg/g of dry mass at one or other initial metal concentrations by Aspergillus and Rhizopus sp. The bioadsorption of Cd was ranged from 2.3-8.21 mg/g. On the comparative basis Rhizopus sp. could bioadsorbed higher concentration of both metals as compared to Aspergillus sp. Bioadsorption of Cd and Cr was influenced by initial metal concentration and nature of organism. The findings revealed that fungi of metal polluted sites showed higher metal tolerance and bioadsorption capacity of chromium and cadmium. @JASEM
BIOSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS USING ASPERGILLUS SPECIES ISOLATED FROM CONTAMINATED SOIL.
With the rapid development of industries heavy metal pollution has become one of the major global concerns due to their toxicity and threat to human life and environment. This work evaluated the heavy metal biosorption potential of Aspergillus sp. (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus) isolated from contaminated soil of Bhagwanpur industrial area, Haridwar. The heavy metal concentrations were determined after digestion of soil samples. The results indicate the heavy metal resistant fungi that were isolated and screened for the biosorption potential. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Pb, Cr, Ni and Zn was determined by agar diffusion method in 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm concentrations. In this study, adsorption of Zn, Ni, Cr and Pb were investigated and two sp. of Aspergillus were identified viz. Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus. The results showed that Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus could biosorb all the metals in the order Zn>Ni>Cr>Pb and Pb>Cr>Zn>Ni respectively.
Environmental Technology & Innovation, 2021
Due to various anthropogenic activities, different heavy metals like arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and nickel (Ni) accumulate in the soils of industrial areas. In the current study, contaminated soil was collected from Yuepu industrial area of Shanghai, China. Soil analysis revealed the presence of Pb and Cu in high concentrations, ranging from 125.9-128.0 mg/kg and 98.4-100.2 mg/kg, respectively. These soil samples were further used to isolate metal tolerant microbes. Subsequent screening resulted in the isolation of four major fungal species including Fusarium fujikuroi, Fusarium solani, Trichoderma citronoviridae and Trichoderma reesei. Molecular characterization of isolated fungi was performed and amplified sequences were deposited in GenBank NCBI database. Metal tolerance and biosorption capacity of these fungal strains towards lead and copper were tested. Fungal strains were exposed to increasing concentrations (100-1000 ppm) of chlorides of lead and copper and the tolerance of the selected fungi was evaluated by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). The range of MIC values was found to be 400 ppm to 1000 ppm. The tolerance index of all the tested fungi was calculated and T. citronoviridae was observed to be tolerant at 1 mM concentration of lead while F. solani was the most tolerant species at 1 mM concentration of copper. The highest biosorption capacity of Pb was exhibited by T. citronoviridae, while T. reesei showed the best absorption capacity of Cu followed by F. solani. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed visible adsorption of metal on fungal mycelia and suggested it to be the mechanism of metal removal. On the basis of these findings, it could be concluded that T. citronoviridae and F. solani are the potential mycoremediation microbes in Pb and Cu contaminated soils, respectively.
Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2011
Filamentous fungi are able to accumulate significant amount of metals from their environment. The potential of fungal biomass as agents for biosorption of heavy metals from contaminated sediments is currently receiving attention. In the present study, a total of 41 isolates of filamentous fungi obtained from the sediment of the Langat River, Selangor, Malaysia were screened for their tolerance and uptake capability of copper (Cu) and lead (Pb). The isolates were identified as Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, Trichoderma asperellum, Penicillium simplicissimum and P. janthinellum. A. niger and P. simplicissimum, were able to survive at 1000 mg/L of Cu(II) concentration on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) while for Pb, only A. niger survived at 5000 mg/L concentration. The results showed that A. niger, P. simplicissimum and T. asperellum have a better uptake capacity for Pb compared to Cu and the findings indicated promising biosorption of Cu and Pb by these filamentous fungi from aqueous solution. The present study was also determined the maximum removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) that was performed by A. niger. The metal removal which occurred at Cu(II) 200 mg/L was (20.910 ± 0.581) mg/g and at 250 mg/L of Pb(II) was (54.046 ± 0.328) mg/g.
Bioresource Technology, 2007
Heavy metal analysis of agricultural field soil receiving long-term (>20 years) application of municipal and industrial wastewater showed two-to five-fold accumulation of certain heavy metals as compared to untreated soil. Metal-resistant fungi isolated from wastewater-treated soil belonged to genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Geotrichum, Fusarium, Rhizopus, Monilia and Trichoderma. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for Cd, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Co were determined. The MIC ranged from 0.2 to 5 mg ml À1 for Cd, followed by Ni (0.1-4 mg ml À1 ), Cr (0.3-7 mg ml À1 ), Cu (0.6-9 mg ml À1 ) and for Co (0.1-5 mg ml À1 ) depending on the isolate.
Effect of metal training on Aspergillus niger (Lin.) and its Biosorption capacity
© Serials Publications Pvt. Ltd., 2018
Currently, heavy metal pollution is becoming a drastic problem throughout the whole world. Conventional technologies to clean up the heavy metal from industrial effluent are less effective and time taking. An alternative to these technologies, biosorption is an inexpensive and promising solution for biodetoxification of the heavy metal pollution from wastewater. The filamentous fungi have great potential to produce a large amount of biomass which is used for metal adsorption. Filamentous fungi have gained an increasing, attention for removal and recovery of heavy metals due to their performance. For the present study Aspergillus niger, Van Tieghem was selected for the in vitro training and adsorption of lead. The species were selected on the basis of their growth rate and overall performance in the soil treated with different metal concentration. Potato Dextrose Agar medium was used for the in vitro training of these selected fungi against the lead sulphate (PbSO4). Training of fungi at a high concentration of heavy metal may increase their metal uptake capacity as a metal resistance mechanism. Aspergillus niger was strained to high concentration lead as lead sulphate (PbSO4) i.e., 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, 2000 ppm, 2500 ppm. 3000 ppm, 3500 ppm and 4000 ppm by repetitive sub-culture on Potato Dextrose Agar medium containing a high level of lead metal. Different doses of fungal biomass i.e., 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, and 40 mg were used for the present investigation. It has been observed that biosorption capacity increased with increase in the dose of biomass. Present work clearly signified 3000ppm the highest biosorption as 70.39% with 20 mg of fungal biomass. Freundlich' isotherm modal showed much better correlation coefficients than Langmuir's isotherm model in the examined concentration range. Biosorption found strongly dependant on the experimental parameters. Trained fungi can remove much lead from the solution than those of the non-trained fungal biomass.
ROLE OF BACTERIA IN BIO SORPTION OF HEAVY METALS
Presented study was focussed on isolation and screening the heavy metal resistant microbes and to evaluate the biosorption potential of heavy metals from contaminated soil of Bhagwanpur industrial area. Soil samples for the study were randomly collected from Bhagwanpur industrial area. The soil sample was analysed for different physico-chemical properties such as pH, moisture content, temperature, water holding capacity, carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorous. Heavy metal resistant bacteria were isolated and screened for their biosorption potential. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Pb, Cr, Ni and Zn was determined by agar diffusion method. The selected bacterial isolates were identified by gram staining and biochemical parameters. Isolates were further characterized molecularly with 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Furthermore, biosorption capacity i.e. amount of metal ion (mg) bioabsorbed/g of dried biomass was calculated for identified strains. Carbon and organic matter content was found to be 0.23 ± 0.1% and 0.33 ± 0.08% respectively, while nitrogen in the sample was 0.34 ± 0.07 %. Among ten isolates only four bacteria showed resistance against metals (Ni, Cr, Pb and Zn). MIC range of isolates against various metal concentrations was in the range of 25 PPM to 400 PPM. Molecular characterization of the isolates revealed 99% similarities of S44, S3B, S12 and S13 with Staphylococcus gallinarum, Acinetobacter pitti and Pantoea agglomerans and Enterobactor spp. respectively. Biosorption experiments indicated that, Acinetobactor spp. (S3B) and Enterobactor spp. (S13) could bioadsorb metals in the order Zn>Pb>Ni>Cr; Staphylococcus spp. (S44) showed in Ni>Zn>Cr>Pb; Pantoea spp. (S12) in order Zn>Ni>Pb>Cr. Thus, Biosorption was influenced by the initial metal concentration. Among the isolated bacterial strains, biosorption capacity was found in order as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus> Enterobacter spp.> Staphylococcus gallinarum> Pantoea agglomerans. In this study Cr, Zn, Pb and Ni resistant bacteria were isolated from heavy metal contaminated soil. Tolerance data with extremely high range of heavy metal concentrations, revelaed that heavy metal resistant bacterial isolates can tolerate metal toxicity up to 400. Thus paving a new way for safe, reliable and cost-effective treatment of heavy metal contaminated soil around the world.
Biosorption of heavy metals from aqueous solution by bacteria isolated from contaminated soil
Water Environment Research, 2017
The present work evaluates the performance of the yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The effect of pH, temperature, initial concentration, contact time, and biosorbent dosage on biosorption capacity is studied. Experiment results show that metal uptake is a rapid process at pH values (5.0-6.0), and the order of accumulated metal ions is Pb [ Zn [ Cr [ Co [ Cd [ Cu. The biosorption process obeys Freundlich and the Langmuir adsorption isotherms. The kinetics of metal ions biosorption could be described by Lagergren and Ho models. Nitric acid with low concentration of 0.05 N is effective in desorbing the biosorbed metal ions. Sodium hydroxide solution of 0.2 M is effective in regenerating the yeast; the regenerated yeast could be used for at least six cycles of biosorption, without losing its metal removal capacity. Carboxyl, amine, and phosphate groups present in the yeast were found to be the main biosorption sites for metal ions.