Acacia senegal Extract Rejuvenates the Activity of Phenicols on Selected Enterobacteriaceae Multi Drug Resistant Strains (original) (raw)
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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Potentiality of Aqueous Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Acacia Arabica Extract
2019
INTRODUCTON Scientific communities using many efforts have been made to discover new antimicrobial compounds from various kinds of sources such as micro-organisms, animals, and plants. One of such resources is folk medicines. Systematic screening of herbal plant may result in the discovery of novel effective compounds. They using the multi-drug resistant strains of bacteria and the recent appearance of strains with reduced susceptibility to ABSTRACT The present study is the continuation of a program aimed at investigation of antimicrobial properties of Acacia arabica extract to justify the traditional claim endowed upon this herbal drug as a rasayana in Ayurveda. The antimicrobial activity of Acacia arabica was evaluated according to the disk diffusion method by using Gram positive; B. subtilius, S. aureus and S. epidermidis and Gram Negative; E. coli S. flexineri, P. aeruginosa bacteria. This study show that methanolic fruits extract of Acacia arabica Linn inhibits the growth of mi...
South African Journal of Botany, 2018
Extracts from Bolusanthus speciosus, Cucumis myriocarpus, Ekebergia capensis, Protea caffra, Prunus africana, Searsia lancea and Solanum panduriforme were screened for antigonococcal activity using microdilution and agar diskdiffusion techniques. In addition, combinations of the different plant extracts, as well as plant extracts with four antibiotics (ampicillin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol and penicillin) were also evaluated for antibacterial synergistic interactions against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) using the checkerboard titration method and the time-kill assay. Phytochemical analysis for phenolics were also conducted using aqueous (50%) methanol plant extracts. B. speciosus methanol and dichloromethane bark extracts, as well as dichloromethane leaf extracts of P. africana and S. lancea demonstrated moderate antigonococcal properties when screened using the microdilution assay, with minimum inhibition concentration values ranging from 313 to 625 μg/ml. The checkerboard assay detected antibacterial synergistic interactions in combinations of chloramphenicol with each of B. specious methanol leaf extracts, P. africana methanol and dichloromethane leaf extracts against MDR E. coli (fractional inhibitory concentration index ≤0.5). However, the time-kill assay did not detect any significant synergistic interactions in any of these three aforementioned combinations. Total phenolic content in the medicinal plant extracts investigated ranged from 2.38 to 62.73 mg GAE/g dry matter. Variations in the quantity of flavonoids and condensed tannins between these plant extracts were also observed. Overall, the current findings indicated that both drug-sensitive and-resistant bacterial strains could potentially be managed using efficacious medicinal plant extracts, used either in mono-or combination therapies.
Advances in Microbiology, 2016
The ethanol, chloroform and acetone extracts of five species from Acacia (Acacia albidia stems, Acacia mellifera aerial parts, Acacia nubica aerial parts, Acacia seyal var. seyal stems and Acacia tortilis aerial parts) were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against two standard bacterial strains of Gram +ve bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923)), Gram −ve bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853)) and standard fungi Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) using the agar-plate well diffusion method. The chloroform extract was inactive compared to ethanol and acetone extracts. But ethanol extracts showed the maximum antimicrobial activity against the test organism. Amongst the plant species screened, ethanol extract of Acacia seyal stems showed maximum inhibitory activity (38 mm) and (37 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, respectively. The ethanol, chloroform and acetone extracts of Acacia mellifera (aerial parts) did not show any activity against the test organisms. Cholorophorm and acetone extracts via DPPH, the radical scavenging activities were found to be 91 ± 0.03, 88 ± 0.01 and 85 ± 0.04, respectively. The results of phytochemical screening showed that all extracts of studied plant contain flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, phenols and tannins. H. B. Abdllha et al.
2021
Background Acacia senegal is a plant traditionally used for its various properties, including the treatment of infectious diseases. Recently, our team has demonstrated the ability of the hydroethanolic extract of the leaves to increase the activity of phenicol antibiotics against multi-resistant bacteria. The aim of this work is to determine the toxicological effects of the extract and its capacity to inhibit the bacterial mobility of Gram-negative bacteria, in order to evaluate the level of safety use of this plant. Methods The cytotoxicity test was performed using the neutral red absorption method. Acute and sub-acute oral toxicity were conducted on NMRI mice and Wistar rats. The behaviour and adverse effects were recorded during the 14 days of the acute study. For the subacute test, biochemical parameters, food and water consumption, and morphological parameters were determined. The anti-motility activities were evaluated on Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01 and Escherichia coli AG100,...
Hassan AU, 2023
With an elevated increase in the emergence of multidrug resistance strains of different kinds of virulent Pathogenic Bacteria to various kinds of antibiotics worldwide, which has ultimately became a serious medical and economic public health issues in Nigeria and other African Countries. It however remains a serious medical, economic and social problem. This necessitates the need for finding novel antimicrobial agents, especially from natural systems like ethno-medicinal plants with minimal pathogenic resistance and therapeutic side effects. This research is aimed at evaluating the antibacterial activity of Acacia nilotica and Jatropha curcas ethno-medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. A. nilotica and J. curcas leaves were extracted using chloroform, to get the crude extracts of the various plants material. One hundred and fifty (150) clinical and environmental samples each, were collected for the isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus each. The antibiogram profile and resistance level of the isolated strains was ascertain using the standard disc diffusion bioassay. Multi-drug resistance genes; BLA-TEM, BLA-SHV and CTX-M presence were evaluated and also served as another form of selection protocol for extremely resistant strains of the selected pathogenic bacterial species. In-vitro and in-vivo bioassay was done to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of the plants extracts on the most resistant strains of the two pathogenic bacteria. Tannins, saponin, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, quinones, phytosterols and phlobatanins were found present in these plants extracts. Eleven Pseudomonas aeruginosa and four Staphylococcus aureus extreme multi-drug resistance strains were successfully isolated and identified. The in-vitro bioassay reveals that J. curcas extracts has the highest antimicrobial activity against the various multi-drug resistant strains, while A. nilotica extract also maintains some level of activity against the resistant strains. The in-vivo bioassay reconfirmed the antibacterial effects of the plants, against all the resistant bacteria. Decoction of the plants extracts also proofs an even more effective activity on the resistant strains of both bacteria. J. curcas and A. nilotica plant extracts could provide an alternative pharmaceutics against multidrug resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.
2009
Pods of Acacia nilotica and leaves of Tapinanthus dodoneifolius were spectrophotometrically analysed for their mineral constituents (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P and Zn). Phytochemical analysis was conducted on successive Soxhlet extracts of ethanolic, n-hexane and ethyl acetate of the pods and leaves, respectively. Furthermore, the antibacterial activities of the extracts were investigated. Results showed high Ca and K with low Cu and Zn concentrations in both plants. The concentration of P in the pods of A. nilotica was highest. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of steroids, tannins and saponins in both ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts respectively, for both A. nilotica and T. dodoneifolius. Flavonoids were present only in the ethanol extract of A. nilotica. The ethanol extract generally had more phytochemical agents in both plants studied. All solvent extracts of T. dodoneifolius showed activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella aerogenes an...
African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM, 2016
In Europe, Acacia and Eucalyptus, originate large amounts of biomass, due to their need by industries and other biological control, that can be used to extract antimicrobial substances. Foliar aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Acacia baileyana (Cootamundra wattle), Acacia dealbata (silver wattle), Acacia melanoxylon (black wattle) and Eucalyptus nicholii (narrow-leaved black peppermint) were assessed for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis, using the disc diffusion method. Ethanolic extracts from A. baileyana and A. dealbata showed significant (P< 0.05) antimicrobial activity. Concerning the microbial species tested, differences were found in A. baileyana (P< 0.01) and E. nicholii (P< 0.0001) extracts. These two extracts were effective mostly against B. cereus, followed by C. parapsilosis. According to the antimicrobial activity classification, eucalypt and Cootamundra and silver wattles ext...
Antibacterial activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Acacia aroma Gill. ex Hook et Arn
Life Sciences, 2004
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of seven ethanolic extracts and three aqueous extracts from various parts (leaves, stems and flowers) of A. aroma against 163 strains of antibiotic multi-resistant bacteria. The disc diffusion assay was performed to evaluate antibacterial activity of the A. aroma crude extracts, against several Gram-positive bacteria (E.
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Background: Traditional medicine remedies are commonly used for treatment of diverse ailments including bacterial infections. The activity against resistant bacteria and safety of some remedies sold as anti-infective treatments in market places in Buea, Southwest Cameroon were investigated as potential alternative treatment to counter increasing antibiotic resistance. Methods: Ten remedies were purchased, their components documented and microbial load estimated. Methanol extracts of the remedies were tested for antibacterial activity by disc diffusion and microdilution. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on monkey kidney epithelial cells (LLC-MK2) while acute oral toxicity was done in BALB/c mice for the bactericidal extract. Extracts were further analysed using phytochemical tests. Results: All the remedies had microbial loads above the acceptable limit of 10 5 CFU/g. The highest activity was produced by extracts of four remedies (TP 1, 2, 4, 6a, 6b) against all clinical isolates among which three were active against four control strains. Zones of inhibition ranged from 8 to 27 mm. Two of the four extracts produced zones ≥20 mm against multidrug resistant clinical isolates of Citrobacter freundii and Escherichia coli but were less active compared to Gentamycin positive control (P < 0.0001-0.0014). The most active extracts also recorded minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1 to 4 mg/mL. One of them (TP2) was bactericidal against a clinical isolate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a minimum bactericidal concentration of 8 mg/mL. Extracts of six remedies did not show cytotoxicity and no mortality or adverse effect was recorded in the acute oral toxicity test. Phytochemical screening showed the most active extracts contained relatively high amounts of alkaloids and flavonoids. Conclusion: Only four of the eight remedies tested showed activity against multidrug resistant bacteria suggesting some of these remedies may not be effective against bacterial infections. Production and handling methods should be improved and the product quality controlled to ensure biosecurity. The remedies which were both active and nontoxic should be further investigated including in vivo experiments to assess their efficacy.
BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2013
The present study was designed to investigate the antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of four Cameroonian edible plants, locally used to treat microbial infections, and their synergistic effects with antibiotics against a panel of twenty nine Gram-negative bacteria including Multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotypes expressing active efflux pumps. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extracts [alone and in the presence of the efflux pumps inhibitor (EPI) Phenylalanine-Arginine β-Naphtylamide (PAβN)], and those of antibiotics in association with the two of the most active ones, Piper nigrum and Telfairia occidentalis. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts was conducted according to the standard phytochemical methods. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids and flavonoids in all studied extracts. Other chemical classes of secondary metabolites were selectively present in the...