GST Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Good and Service Tax (GST) an indirect broad-based consumption tax. Following with the implementation of GST in Malaysia on 1st April 2015, it is suspected that the construction capital cost and housing property price will increase accordingly. This study is aim to review the GST effect associated on construction capital cost and it influences towards housing developer and housing property price. Additionally, this study highlights what was the developer point of view on the GST given to them and also the housing price further proposes initiatives to the housing developers. Argument of GST effect is useful for the public administrators so that to re-consider the rate of GST and also beneficial to the construction parties to account with the GST implementation. As conclusion, this study review that GST do give an impact towards the construction capital cost, housing developer and housing property price in terms of knock-on effect.

- by
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- Business, Parties, Implementation, GST

The holding period for long term & short term capital gain on shares,
The difference in taxation of equity & mutual funds,
Capital gain on shares & securities exempt u/s 10,
provisions of section 111A of income tax Act

- by Rukmani Gupta
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- Corporate Laws, Income Tax Law, TDS, GST
- by Yamini Naruka
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- GST

Most developing countries continue to face severe issues in developing adequate and quick to
respond tax systems. While each of these paths to reform is necessary, in the end what 50 years of
experience tells us is that improving the precision and understanding with which fiscal issues both
within and outside government, is the really essential ingredient to developing viable and
sustainable tax systems in developing countries like India. Indian taxation system has undergone
remarkable reforms during the last decade. The tax rates have been rationalized and tax laws have
been simplified resulting in better compliance, ease of tax payment and better enforcement. The
process of validation of tax administration is ongoing in India.
Another key objective of tax reform measures has been to increase total tax to GDP ratio as a
means of achieving fiscal consolidation and improving resource allocation. GST, easier tax filing
methodology and simpler tax structures – Government of India is working to enhance the
government's revenue collection, at the same time ensuring that cumbersome taxes do not deter
investors. This paper review the three principal ways in which developing countries like India may
develop and progress their taxation systems - base-broadening, rate reduction, and administrative
improvement - in the context of the political economy of tax reform.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Tax reform, GST

Electronic Ledgers & Reports at GST Portal
1. What are the electronic ledgers in GST?
2. What are the different electronic ledgers available in GST?
3. What is Electronic Cash Ledger in GST?
4. What is Electronic credit Ledger?
5. What is Electronic Liability Ledger?
6. Which type of input credits are shown in electronic credit ledger in GST?
7. What is GST PMT-01?
8. What is GST PMT-02?

- by Rukmani Gupta
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- GST, Gst in india
- by JIS JOY THOTTAN
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- Travel & Tourism, Tax Policy, Travel Agency, Tour Operators

The present research paper is based on in-depth research analysis of the continuous growth in tax collection due to GST collection in the Indian economy. GST was implemented on 01 July 2017 across the country under a single tax in the Indian economy. In April 2020 Till now the minimum GST collection was INR32172 crore whereas the highest ever GST collection was done. 141384 crores have happened in April 2021 (despite the second wave of the corona). GST compensation by the Center In the form of 23 states and 3 centers by taking loans on behalf of the states and union territories having legislative assemblies. Estimated compensation of INR 110000 crore in 20 installments between 23 October 2020 to 15 March 2021 in the governed territories. More than 100% of INR110208 crore was distributed. Apart from this, by 15 March 2021, all a loan of INR 106830 crore was raised by 28 states from the open market. Tax evasion in the GST regime Fake Input Tax Credit (ITC) has been a big problem since its inception. Even today not only normal Trade INR but also star exporting are evading tax by using fake ITC and defrauding the government. are putting In the last 02 financial year, the GST Council, in its many meetings, discussed many important issues like H. SN Code, Changes in the current structure of GST, Compulsory E-bill, a Cash deposit of GAT, GST Physical verification of registrations, action against CAs involved in fake invoices, GST refund, on receipt of bills Decisions were taken on reward, reduction in GST on electric vehicles, etc.

- by IJRASET Publication
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- Indian studies, India, Indology, Indian economy

The researchers have attempted to study the impact of GST on Goods Transport Agencies (GTA) in select districts of Tamil Nadu namely Erode, Tirupur and Coim-batore. The paper aims to follow a qualitative approach and hence proper review of the literature has been taken into consideration. The review of literature provided a basic understanding on how to proceed with the research work and provided insights to learn new information. Since there are no much articles and published sources on GST and its impact on GTA, the researchers have collected literature reviews from various sources. The study also concentrates on primary data collection using a focus group approach. The study concludes that GST has been finally implemented officially throughout the Indian scenario and has a confused effect. Experts are looking forward to find solution for these problems. Transporters will have to make a significant investment in making technological advancements in the system of booking. Experts must be employed in order to comply with the rules and guidelines of the law. Now is the time to make reforms in business. The researchers have spent quality time to analyze and understand each component concerned with this research work. This research outcome will be favorable to all the connected parties and will be a very strong mechanism for transport agencies. The researchers have concentrated only on Tamil Nadu, which is the limitation of the study. The future researchers can conduct a comparative study and explore various industries and sectors. KEYWORDS GST effect and impact, goods transport agencies. JEL CODES H2, L9, R4.

- by Anand Shankar Raja M Commerce
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- GST

In Indian economic history, the GST is the biggest tax reform. As government revenues increase in terms of increased tax compliance and reduced tax evasion, the spillover outcomes of GST are immense, enabling tighter control and encouraging more precise monitoring than the conventional tax system. Increased government tax collections will provide scope for increased public spending in numerous social and physical development programmes, providing additional scope for the generation of jobs. Despite GST's tremendous potential for a higher growth trajectory of the Indian economy, however, numerous companies, sectors and exporters are currently facing enormous problems because of the same. “More than half of the respondents revealed that their post-GST adoption of company revenue has decreased, according to the report. With respect to the overall accountability situation within the GST network, the majority of respondents suggested that the system is less transparent. The process for compensation and the availability of laws and regulations was less straightforward. In the global consumer/indirect tax reforms, VAT/GST was a major breakthrough. GST is a value added tax which applies to the use of goods and services. Different indirect taxes, such as CST, VAT, service tax, etc., were levied prior to GST. All these taxes were clubbed under one GST head, as one nation with unified tax system.” The 122nd Indian Constitution amendment approved GST on 1 July 2017. The main reason for incorporation is expanding the tax base by reducing the tax rate pressure. In India, GST is categorised at two levels:-state (SGST) and federal taxation combination (CGST).

- by IAEME Publication
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- Constitution, VAT, GST, Government Tax

New Zealand's GST is well-recognised as representing a move away from the traditional VAT model (as exemplified by the European VAT regimes) to that of a broad-based (minimal exemptions), relatively low (single) rate consumption tax. What is not so well-known is the extent to which other jurisdictions have reviewed and developed their consumption tax based (to some degree) on the New Zealand model since it was enacted with effect from 1986. In this article we explore the international impact of the New Zealand GST model in contrast to that of the traditional VAT model. We make a number of observations, including the extent to which the New Zealand model has been influential in Pacific nations along with a number of non-European Commonwealth nations.

- by Adrian J Sawyer and +1
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- Taxation, Tax Policy, International Taxation, Indirect Taxation

Purpose: Goods and Service Tax (GST) replacing existing indirect taxes, central value added tax and state value added tax, in July 2017 is an epoch in Indian tax reforms. However, the success of GST implementation depends a lot on how it is designed, so as to decipher it easily. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the HSN Codes and their usage under GST so as to add to the existing literature about their need and importance. Design/Methodology/Approach: Since, the devil lies in the details because of the teething troubles associated with GST implementation. One such teething trouble is identifying one's business operations with the exact harmonised system of nomenclature (HSN) code under the GST law. The list of these codes is very elaborate, and as the tax to be levied on an entity depends upon the HSN code under which the entity is registered for GST, it is all the more essential to understand and identify these codes correctly with one's business. Hence, it is important to approach the topic by reviewing the existing information/literature and data sources in order to understand the relevance of HSN codes in the newly introduced indirect tax collection system in India. Findings: India by adopting HSN classification for implementation of GST, will gain recognition and acceptance from countries around the world that have already adopted and implemented it. Thus usage of HSN codes will not just simplify trade but will also make this new GST regime globally harmonised. Originality value: The paper contributes to the existing literature on GST implementation in India.

- by nidhi sahore
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- Data Analysis, Market Research, GST
- by ashwani kumar
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- Management Studies, INDIAN DIRECT TAX MATTER, Direct Tax, GST

GST was implemented on 1 July 2017 and this change in tax system brought various changes in tax calculation in different industries. The current paper focuses on Taxes on Works Contract in construction industry where services and transfer of goods are included in one single transaction under GST regime. Earlier the tax calculation was made on both VAT and Service Tax on certain proportion of amount. The Tax calculation process was quite cumbersome, time consuming and also full of loop-holes as there was no proper method of segregating the value of services and value of goods accurately. But, after implementation of GST, the tax calculation on Works contract is simplified because one composite entry has to be made with single tax rate of 12% (or as applicable). The study has been conducted on live project of Noida, Uttar Pradesh.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Service Tax, VAT, GST, Works Contract Tax

GST is one of the revolutionary changes in the indirect taxation system of India since its independence. The main objective behind implementing it is to avoid the duplication of taxes. The focus is on one nation one tax. Further, it aims at increasing the tax base. Real estate sector in India is expected to grow 12% annually till 2020. Also, real estate sector is going through structural reforms with the implementation of new acts and norms. The government of India is focusing on affordable housing programs so that it can achieve its target of providing houses to all by 2022. This paper aims to study the impact of GST on real estate sector of India. In addition to that this paper aims at understanding the effect of taxes that were levied earlier and effect of GST on Real Estate in the present scenario. Niraj Dhar Dubey | Dr Devesh Kumar | Sitaram Pandey"An Enquiry Into the Effect of GST on Real Estate Sector of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientif...

- by Sitaram Pandey
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- Real Estate, Affordable Housing, GST, Tax Base

GST would be a comprehensive indirect tax on manufacture, sale and consumption of goods and services throughout India, to replace taxes levied by the central and state governments. The GST is consumption based tax levied on the supply of... more

- by Journal ijmr.net.in(UGC Approved)
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- GST

- by NILANJAN KAR
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- Data Analysis, Market Research, GST

The research is related to the covid impact on GST. It shows the impact of COVID on GST collections. The data is taken from the time GST was introduced. It mainly focuses on the trouble for the government to collect the tax. During Lockdown, which was imposed on March 2020, there was a huge economic loss that our country has seen ever. All the sectors were totally closed. People were not able to earn the income and all the sectors have affected. Due to less income, it was difficult to pay the taxes. Though government gave some tax reliefs to file the GST. The research describes about the pre and post covid impacts. The data is collected from 2018 to 2020. The summary of 36 months has been taken where the real effect is seen from March 2020 to Dec 2020, the time where lockdown was fully imposed. The corona has affected the world economy. The data has been taken from the Government official site GST council. It also shows the dispute between the state and central government during COVID for their compensation for not having adequate collection of GST. The central politics have played an important role in this revenue for June were higher than the current month. During May month taxpayers has also paid taxes pertaining to February, march, and April on account of relief provided due to covid.

- by IJIRT Journal
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- Management, Taxation, GST, Goods and Service Tax, Taxation in India, GST

Many businesses in organized and unorganized segments have implemented GST which seems to improve Indian economy by implementing the practices of new tax which has overridden the present taxation system. Keeping this backdrop in mind, the paper addresses the broad perspective of GST in present scenario of retail business and the implementation of GST across product category in retail stores

- by IERJ Journal
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- Retail, GST, Implementing

Each year, during the presentation of the national budget, the government announces some new policies that are meant to attract investors from local and abroad. Such incentives and policies will inadvertently affect the amount of tax collection for tax administration such as the Inland Revenue Board Malaysia (IRBM) and the Royal Malaysian Customs Department (RMCD). Supported by their own legislation, the IRBM collects direct income taxes from businesses and individual employees and the RMCD is entrusted to collect indirect taxes.
Recent economic statistics implicate differing trends in tax collection for both direct and indirect taxes. Whilst the collection of direct taxes by IRBM has improved and is showing an increasing trend, the collection of indirect taxes has been stagnant every year. As an employee of the RMCD, this research is undertaken by the researcher to examine possible reasons for the tax collection trend in indirect tax revenue. Two possible scenarios come to mind when addressing the issue of decreasing or stagnated indirect taxes. First, there is indeed a reduction in business investment activities causing reduced indirect tax in the forms of sales tax, service tax and custom duties. Second, there are efforts by individuals or businesses to evade taxes. Whilst it is impossible to avoid tax evasion in totality, the RMCD can enhance the competency of its staff to deliberate their duties. Thus this study is also to determine if there is a possible staff competency at RMCD in identifying tax evasion indicator. Such competency is useful especially among those who are directly responsible with the administration of indirect tax collection. Data is collected through questionnaire survey, documentation analysis and on site observation.

- by Fit Aisy
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- GST
- by SAMIR K SRIVASTAVA
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- India, Supply Chains, GST, Ease of Doing Business

Present Indian tax system is very complex as it includes cascading effects of tax. GST, being one single indirect tax scheme for the entire nation will attempt to make India united common market.GST referred as Goods and services tax is major taxation scheme developed for achieving economic growth. However, the proposal of GST was already initiated in the Year 2000 by Vajpayee Government. Though the constitutional amendment is passed by loksabha for it in may 2015 but it is yet to be ratified by Rajyasabha. India needs a strong and defined system of GST to overcome the shortcomings of VAT. This paper highlights advantages, objectives and history of GST.

- by IERJ Journal
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- Tax Evasion, VAT, GST

A year after GST was launched on July 1 2017, administration of the new tax regime is still facing quite a few challenges that keep it from being what it was envisaged to be - a good and simple tax. But the new tax regime is here to stay and signs indicate that it is on its way to stabilise and deliver. Yet for quite some more time, it will continue to remain a work in progress.

The Goods and Services Tax (GST) has been touted as the single biggest tax reform in the Republic of India. The GST Act proposes to replace all the indirect taxes with a single GST. The profound positive impact of the Act has been reflected in many works in literature. However, the Act has also been criticised for its complex and retrospective nature. The current academic papers on GST are mainly focused on the brighter side of it and very few of them have provided an all-encompassing picture of the Act. In this backdrop, the present article attempts to highlight the benefits and concerns related to this Act by taking cues mainly from the write-ups published in the newspapers as well as academic works.

- by Priyakrushna Mohanty
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- GST, Goods and Service Tax, Taxation in India, GST, India's GDP

The success of any social scheme or program is analysed through its power to transform the lifestyles and welfare state of human beings and their ability to reduce inequality in the society and contribute to country's growth. Our policy makers have deliberated a sequence of taxation to curb on this problem which we have been facing since independence. GST plan is one of them which have focused on welfare state of people. This paper is an theoretical comprehension of the impact of Goods and Services Tax over Indian Tax system. GST is the only indirect tax that directly affects all sectors and sections of our economy. The concept features and the framework of GST have been discussed in this paper. A couple of countries implemented this tax system followed by France, being the first country to introduce GST. India is a federal democratic and therefore the GST was implemented parallel by the Central and State governments as CGST and SGST respectively. The present paper focused on explaining the concepts of GST and its evolution in India. Then it discusses the problems faced by the country with respect to its implementation and how did it impact the economy at its initial stage.

“101st Constitution Amendment Act” i.e. GST Act 2016 has been passed by Indian parliament on September 8th, 2016 and as it is given in the notification of the GST Council on September 15th, 2016. The way to GST implementation is clear now. Indian Government and GST Council have worked very hard to enforce GST, one of the biggest indirect tax reforms globally, with effect from 1st July 2017. GST, a destination based tax, is proposed to be levied at all stages from manufacturing till consumption with the facility to set off credit of taxes paid at earlier stages. It is very much clear that only addition in the value of goods/services will be taxed under GST and final burden of tax is to be charges by the final consumer. Almost all indirect taxes levied by States and Center would be subsumed by GST except the taxes levied on Electricity, Alcohol for human consumption, Petroleum Products viz. motor spirit (petrol), natural gas, high speed diesel, petroleum crude, and aviation turbine fuel.
As it is being claimed by authorities that GST is a win-win package for all the parties involved in indirect tax system in India, like Easy compliance, Uniformity of tax rates and structures, Removal of cascading, Improved competitiveness, Gain to manufacturers and exporters are the main benefits for business and industry where as States and Central government are benefitted on the grounds of Administration (i.e. simple and easy), leakage (i.e. better leakage control), revenue efficiency (i.e. higher) and Consumers are benefitted coz of single taxation and overall lower tax on most of the commodities. Experts are showing their confidence in this GST draft for domestic trade, but pointing out many issues on export taxation under this GST regime. Attempting to know the feasibility of GST’s current format and its implications focusing particularly on Indian Export Sector, this study takes the discussion on the next level and reveals how and why exporters may require extra working capital to run their export business, along with other export related aspects which may be the cause of hurdles in dealing with current GST rules.

- by Dr. Alam Ahmad
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- Finance, Economics, Financial Economics, Business Taxation

The aim of this paper is to understand the structure of GST and highlight the objectives of the GST and impact on present tax scenario in India. This paper also focuses on the calculation of GST in India. The attempt has also been made to identify the impact of GST on various industries. The GST is the biggest and most crucial tax reform in India since independence. The Government of India has decided to subsume all the indirect taxes of central and states and implement GST by April 2017. It was supposed to be implemented from April, 2010 but due to some disagreement amongst the stakeholders it could not be possible. With GST, it is expected that it will improve and strengthen the tax system which will minimize the tax evasion and distortion. The paper further explores the various benefits and challenges of GST. Finally, the paper examines and draws out a conclusion.

- by RSIS International
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- Commerce, GST

With the origin of COVID-19 in December, 2019 from China, the novel corona virus gradually reached all the countries of the world and has caused severe loss of human lives and damage to the economy of the country. The global economy has been shattered during this pandemic time. India is no exception and various sectors of Indian economy have witnessed severe pandemic consequences. Virus has affected GDP, employment, tax collections and various other aspects of Indian economy. GST which is a combined format of various indirect taxes in India is a significant indicator of economic activities important for the economy of the nation. The present study has been designed to analyze the impact of corona pandemic on GST collections during the period between January 2018 and December 2021, which is a pivotal marker for assessment of the economy.

- by Pawan K U M A R Bhura
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- Economy, GST, Goods and Service Tax, Taxation in India, GST, Gst in india

Abstract The Government of any country needs money for its functioning and taxes are a major source of revenue for a Government. The taxes thus collected are spent by Government on the public. India has adopted dual GST instead of... more

- by Euro Asia International Journals
- •
- GST

Purpose: Goods and Service Tax (GST) replacing existing indirect taxes, central value added tax and state value added tax, in July 2017 is an epoch in Indian tax reforms. However, the success of GST implementation depends a lot on how it is designed, so as to decipher it easily. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the HSN Codes and their usage under GST so as to add to the existing literature about their need and importance.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Since, the devil lies in the details because of the teething troubles associated with GST implementation. One such teething trouble is identifying one's business operations with the exact harmonised system of nomenclature (HSN) code under the GST law. The list of these codes is very elaborate, and as the tax to be levied on an entity depends upon the HSN code under which the entity is registered for GST, it is all the more essential to understand and identify these codes correctly with one's business. Hence, it is important to approach the topic by reviewing the existing information/literature and data sources in order to understand the relevance of HSN codes in the newly introduced indirect tax collection system in India.
Findings: India by adopting HSN classification for implementation of GST, will gain recognition and acceptance from countries around the world that have already adopted and implemented it. Thus usage of HSN codes will not just simplify trade but will also make this new GST regime globally harmonised.
Originality value: The paper contributes to the existing literature on GST implementation in India.

- by Nilanjan Kar
- •
- Data Analysis, Market Research, GST

tax levy on manufacture, sale and consumption of goods as well as services at the national level. It replaces all indirect taxes levied on goods and services by the Central Government and State Governments. GST is the only indirect tax that directly affects all sectors and sections of our economy. The heritage, silent facets and the impact of GST in the present tax scenario in India has been discussed in this paper. The goods and services tax (GST) is aimed at creating a single, unified market that will benefit both corporate and the economy. A couple of countries implemented this tax system followed by France, the first country introduced GST. Goods and service tax is a new story of VAT which offers a widespread set off for input tax credit and subsuming many indirect taxes from state and national level. India is a federal democratic and therefore the GST will be implemented parallel by the Central and State governments as CGST and SGST respectively. The present paper focused on explaining the concepts of GST and its evolution in India. Then it discussed the salient features of GST and how does it works. It highlights the benefits of the GST for Indian economy. This paper also shows the challenges to implement GST and how it can be overcome. Thereafter, I have discussed the possible challenges and threats and opportunities that GST brings before us to strengthen our free market economy. GST, VAT, Input tax credit (ITC), CGST and SGST. India as world's one the biggest democratic country follows the federal tax system for levy and collection of various taxes. Various types of indirect taxes are levied and collected at distinct factor in the KEYWORDS

- by International Research Journal of India
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- VAT, GST, Input tax credit (ITC), CGST and SGST.GST

Tax policies play an important role in the economy through their impact on both efficiency and equity. There are number of indirect taxes either levied by the central government or by state government. They are imposed on import, manufacture, sale and even purchases of goods and services. The laws of these taxes aren't well-defined in terms of Acts, circulars and notifications that are given by relevant government bodies. It can be burdensome trying to understand every feature of indirect taxes in India. GST is a logical step and a major breakthrough in the history of tax reforms in the country. The subsuming of major centre and state indirect taxes would reduce the cost of locally manufactured goods and services. This is likely to increase the competitiveness of Indian goods and services in the international market and to boost Indian exports. The main objective of the paper is to discuss the key features of GST in India. The paper also evaluates the rationale of GST in India. GST is likely to improve tax collections and boost India's economic development by breaking tax barriers between States and integrating India through a uniform tax rate.

- by Kanhaiya Singhal
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- Economics, Taxation, Tax Policy, GST

India is ready to implement its “Goods and Services Tax (GST)” act from 1st April 2017. It is expected that GST will minimise all the loopholes of existing tax system in India. However, critics argue that the euphoria over GST camouflages the deadly assault to tax policy as a means of promoting equity and efficiency. This review on GST highlights the challenges over GST claims. It has been observed that to implement GST effectively, both centre and state have to go hand in hand.

- by Issu 1995
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- GST

GST implementation is a milestone in Indian tax system. It transforms the country into one unified common market. It will reduce the existing complexity of taxes as it subsumes VAT, Excise duty, service tax and Sales tax. It is a consumption based tax applied on goods and services at the place of its consumption. The proposed model of GST is ―Dual GST‖ comprising Central and State component charging simultaneously on the common base. It also addresses the cascading effect of tax on cost of goods and services. Other countries experience in GST has proven to be an efficient tax collection system. The implementation of GST generates more revenue as it broadens the tax base and erodes the tax evasion. This Paper highlights the GST implications on tax structure, incidence and compliance.

By enabling many hopeful expectation government of India introduced Goods and services Tax (GST) after many decades of independence by subsuming all other indirect taxes which already dropped out from the economy. It is said that introduction of GST in India is the most significant and logical step towards the progress of the country after a successive series of GST all over the world. The concept is new for us though the topic is more controversial and debatable among the politicians and the economists, but how much it will influence the overall economy of the country and how does it worked under GST regime this research article has tried to explain it.

- by Manuranjan Gogoi
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- GST, Gst in india, Impact of GST
- by Ashutosh Choudhary
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- Tax Law, Taxation, Business Taxation, Taxation Law
- by Siddharthan Siva
- •
- Taxation, GST, Goods and Service Tax, Taxation in India, GST, Gst in india

1. What is proposed e- Invoicing in GST?
2. What is timeline of implementation of e-invoicing
3. What will the process of e-invoicing?
4. Invoice uploaded on IRP can be amended?

- by P K Gupta
- •
- GST

With this notification, the Central Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017 stand amended. • A registered company during the period of 27th April, 2021 to 31st August, 2021 shall be allowed to furnish GSTR-3B and GSTR-1 using IFF, verified through electronic verification code (EVC). • The details using IFF for the month of May 2021 can be furnished from 1st June, 2021 till 28th June, 2021. • Rule 36(4) shall apply cumulatively for the tax periods April '21 to June '21. GSTR-3B must be furnished with the cumulative adjustment of input tax credit.

- by Anil Tanwar
- •
- GST

Value Added Tax is an indirect tax which is also termed as Goods and Service Tax. Both these terms are used in the same meaning in different parts of the world. VAT is followed almost in many countries and during this pandemic situation many countries have relaxed VAT for the benefit of the public. This study mainly focuses on the frameworks followed by various nations regarding VAT. It concentrates on the origin, growth and development of VAT, various tax model frameworks followed in nearly 147 different countries all around and the various measures adopted by countries towards VAT during this era of COVID-19 pandemic.

- by Hariharan Narayanan
- •
- European Union, Value Added Tax, Taxation Law, GST

Goods and Services Tax is a value added tax implied on all points in supply chain. It is applied on both Goods and Services Tax in a comprehensive manner. There are the expectations that the tax reform will boost the Indian economy. It also eliminates the multiplicity of taxes. Also looks the tax structure and simplifies compliance procedures. Basically GST is a tax supply on Goods and Services tax. GST has two components mainly Central GST and State GST and that tax collected is divided in the way that it would be defined by the parliament. There are many benefits of GST like no duplicity and now only final consumer will have to bear the GST charged by the last dealer in the supply chain.

- by Christine Teoh
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- Parties, Implementation, GST, Construction Capital Cost
- by arun sharma
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- Molecular Biology, Wheat, Aquaporin, Hsp90
- by Neha Sharma
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- Mercury toxicity, Cadmium Toxicity, Brassinosteroids, GST

The present paper is a brief overview of the introduction of goods and services tax (GST), a progressive tax system and its impacts in India. GST is an indirect taxation that merged multiple taxes into a single tax system. It will eliminate cascading effects and generate revenue for both central and state government. Composition of GST as central goods and services tax (CGST), state goods and services tax (SGST), and integrated goods and services tax (IGST) projects scientific and transparent indirect tax system in India. GST is going to reduce tax leakage and prevent corruption in pricing of products. To implement and control such technology based taxation system since independence, IT industry acts as spinal cord. GST emerged as service based consumption oriented tax in India. Concept of GST, formation of GST council, positive and negative impacts on economy especially on Indian business, foreign investment of the GST are addressed in this study. To present the study, descriptive type of research design on the basis of secondary data is applied. This is a modest attempt to forecast the after effect of GST in India.

- by Publishing India Group
- •
- Progressive Taxation, GST

A Destination based consumption tax, and another form of VAT, which is to be levied subsuming all central and states taxes, has filled a new found optimism amongst the industry leaders and government officials, as well as the Indian citizens, after being introduced as a National Goods and Services Tax in India from 1 July 2017. There has been a huge hue and cry for GST after its proposal was made before the Legislature, as it replaced multiple cascading taxes, and had also been lambasted against its implementation by various research scholars, political scientists, bureaucrats and economists. The purpose of this research is to analyze the post-GST machinery of the Central and State governments in dealing with their respective rights to levy taxes. This paper also makes an attempt to elucidate how the dual System of GST or the biggest Indirect tax reform will impact our pious notion of Cooperative Federalism in a democratic Country like India. The paper also shows the position taken by GST in removing corruption on the intra-state and inter-state level. The finance minister, Arun Jaitley, says that the GST is not an end but the start of a journey, the given paper also throws light on the point of the economic revolution brought upon by the GST in the country. Eventually, paper examines and makes a conclusion in this regard.
This research paper is an extensive piece of elaborate discussions and latest records. Reference to news articles has been given accordingly.

This paper talks about GST and its effects to be faced by the states and revenue crunch that might be faced by Maharashtra. Maharashtra has the highest revenue from its own taxes, as a share of total revenue, at 66% pre GST implementation. This has reduced by implementation of GST. This paper also talks about challenges and problems that are ahead for states as direct revenue collection has been reduced for the state and also address the problem of revenue shortfall. Taxes that will be subsumed by the GST are explained in this paper. Possible loss of state and working of GST Council has also been discussed in this paper.

- by Ankit Jain
- •
- Finance, GST, Goods and Service Tax, Taxation in India, GST