Gauge theory Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

We examine the status of massive gauge theories, such as those usually obtained by spontaneous symmetry breakdown, from the viewpoint of causal (Epstein-Glaser) renormalization. The BRS formulation of gauge invariance in this framework,... more

We examine the status of massive gauge theories, such as those usually obtained by spontaneous symmetry breakdown, from the viewpoint of causal (Epstein-Glaser) renormalization. The BRS formulation of gauge invariance in this framework, starting from canonical quantization of massive (as well as massless) vector bosons as fundamental entities, and proceeding perturbatively, allows one to rederive the reductive group symmetry of interactions, the need for scalar fields in gauge theory, and the covariant derivative. Thus the presence of higgs particles is explained without recourse to a Higgs(-Englert-Brout-Guralnik-Hagen-Kibble) mechanism. Along the way, we dispel doubts about the compatibility of causal gauge invariance with grand unified theories.

In this Ph. D. Thesis we concentrate on the study of the extension of the AdS/CFT correspondence to theories with less supersymmetry. In particular, we search for the possibility of adding supersymmetric D-branes in type IIB supergravity... more

In this Ph. D. Thesis we concentrate on the study of the extension of the AdS/CFT correspondence to theories with less supersymmetry. In particular, we search for the possibility of adding supersymmetric D-branes in type IIB supergravity solutions which are dual to N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories in four dimensions. In the probe approximation we perform a systematic analysis of the possible supersymmetric D-brane configurations in backgrounds dual to N=1 superconformal field theories, firstly in the AdS_5xY^{p,q} solutions and then in their generalisation to the AdS_5xL^{a,b,c} backgrounds. Some checks of the correspondence between D-brane configurations and chiral operators of the dual gauge theory are performed. We also analyse the possible supersymmetric D5-brane configurations dual to defects (of codimension one and two) in N=1 SYM theory in the framework of the Maldacena-Nunez solution. Beyond the probe approximation, we develop techniques in order to take into account the ba...

AbstractThe work extends the A. Connes’ noncommutative geometry to spaces withgeneric local anisotropy. We apply the E. Cartan’s anholonomic frame approachto geometry models and physical theories and develop the nonlinear... more

AbstractThe work extends the A. Connes’ noncommutative geometry to spaces withgeneric local anisotropy. We apply the E. Cartan’s anholonomic frame approachto geometry models and physical theories and develop the nonlinear connectionformalism for projective modulespaces. Examples of noncommutative generationof anholonomic Riemann, Finsler and Lagrange spaces are analyzed. We alsopresent a research on noncommutative Finsler–gauge theories, generalized Finslergravity and anholonomic (pseudo) Riemann geometry which appear naturally ifanholonomic frames (vierbeins) are defined in the context of string/M–theoryand extra dimension Riemann gravity..Pacs: 02.40.Gh, 02.40.-k, 04.50.+hMSC numbers: 83D05, 46L87, 58B34, 58B20, 53B40, 53C07 Contents 1 Introduction 22 Commutative and Noncommutative Spaces 42.1 Algebras of functions and (non) commutative spaces . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 Commutative spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.3 Noncommutative spaces . . . . . ....

John Stewart Bell (1928-1990), a truly deep and serious thinker, was one of the leading physi-cists of the 20th century. He became famous for his discovery that quantum mechanics implies that nature is nonlocal, ie, that there are... more

John Stewart Bell (1928-1990), a truly deep and serious thinker, was one of the leading physi-cists of the 20th century. He became famous for his discovery that quantum mechanics implies that nature is nonlocal, ie, that there are physical influences between events that ...

Baez Munian Gauge Fields, Knots and Gravity

In this work I will study electromagnetic duality, a symmetry between the electric and the magnetic field in Maxwell equations. I will discuss its properties and implications in the conventional formulation of electromagnetism and in a... more

In this work I will study electromagnetic duality, a symmetry between the electric and the magnetic field in Maxwell equations. I will discuss its properties and implications in the conventional formulation of electromagnetism and in a self-dual and Lorentz invariant extension. Then I will add a massless Majorana partner to the gauge field, and show that the theory is supersymmetric.

In this notes the background independent formulation of the gauge theories on D-branes in flat space-time is considered, some examples of the solutions of their equations of motion are presented, the solutions of Dirac equation in these... more

In this notes the background independent formulation of the gauge theories on D-branes in flat space-time is considered, some examples of the solutions of their equations of motion are presented, the solutions of Dirac equation in these backgrounds are analyzed, and the generalizations to the orbifolded spaces are looked upon.

This is the first of a series of papers in which we present a brief introduction to the relevant mathematical and physical ideas that form the foundation of Particle Physics, including Group Theory, Relativistic Quantum Mechanics, Quantum... more

This is the first of a series of papers in which we present a brief introduction to the relevant mathematical and physical ideas that form the foundation of Particle Physics, including Group Theory, Relativistic Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Field Theory and Interactions, Abelian and Non-Abelian Gauge Theory, and the SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) Gauge Theory that describes our universe apart from gravity. These notes are not intended to be a comprehensive introduction to any of the ideas contained in them. Among the glaring omissions are CPT theorems, evaluations of Feynman Diagrams, Renormalization, and Anomalies. The topics were chosen according to the authors preferences and agenda. These notes are intended for a student who has completed the standard undergraduate physics and mathematics courses. Furthermore, these notes should not and will not in any way take the place of the related courses, but rather provide a primer for detailed courses in QFT, Gauge Theory, String Theory, etc., which will fill in the many gaps left by this paper.

The geometric Langlands program can be described in a natural way by compactifying on a Riemann surface C a twisted version of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions. The key ingredients are electric-magnetic duality of gauge... more

The geometric Langlands program can be described in a natural way by compactifying on a Riemann surface C a twisted version of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions. The key ingredients are electric-magnetic duality of gauge theory, mirror symmetry of sigma-models, branes, Wilson and 't Hooft operators, and topological field theory. Seemingly esoteric notions of the geometric Langlands program, such as Hecke eigensheaves and D-modules, arise naturally from the physics.

We study the gravity duals of symmetry-breaking deformations of superconfor- mal field theories, AdS/CFT dual to Type IIB string theory on AdS5 ×Y where Y is a Sasaki-Einstein manifold. In these vacua both conformal invariance and... more

We study the gravity duals of symmetry-breaking deformations of superconfor- mal field theories, AdS/CFT dual to Type IIB string theory on AdS5 ×Y where Y is a Sasaki-Einstein manifold. In these vacua both conformal invariance and baryonic symmetries are spontaneously broken. We present a detailed discussion of the supergravity moduli space, which involves flat form fields on asymptotically conical Calabi-Yau

In this review article we discuss some of the applications of noncommutative geometry in physics that are of recent interest, such as noncommutative many-body systems, noncommutative extension of Special Theory of Relativity kinematics,... more

In this review article we discuss some of the applications of noncommutative geometry in physics that are of recent interest, such as noncommutative many-body systems, noncommutative extension of Special Theory of Relativity kinematics, twisted gauge theories and noncommutative gravity.

Lifting supersymmetric quantum mechanics to loop space yields the superstring. A particle charged under a fiber bundle thereby turns into a string charged under a 2-bundle, or gerbe. This stringification is nothing but categorification.... more

Lifting supersymmetric quantum mechanics to loop space yields the superstring. A particle charged under a fiber bundle thereby turns into a string charged under a 2-bundle, or gerbe. This stringification is nothing but categorification. We look at supersymmetric quantum mechanics on loop space and demonstrate how deformations here give rise to superstring background fields and boundary states, and, when generalized, to local nonabelian connections on loop space. In order to get a global description of these connections we introduce and study categorified global holonomy in the form of 2-bundles with 2-holonomy. We show how these relate to nonabelian gerbes and go beyond by obtaining global nonabelian surface holonomy, thus providing a class of action functionals for nonabelian strings. The examination of the differential formulation, which is adapted to the study of nonabelian p-form gauge theories, gives rise to generalized nonabelian Deligne hypercohomology. The (possible) relation of this to strings in Kalb-Ramond backgrounds, to M2/M5-brane systems, to spinning strings and to the derived category description of D-branes is discussed. In particular, there is a 2-group related to the String-group which should be the right structure 2-group for the global description of spinning strings.

We review the holographic correspondence between field theories and string/M theory, focusing on the relation between compactifications of string/M theory on Anti-de Sitter spaces and conformal field theories. We review the background for... more

We review the holographic correspondence between field theories and string/M theory, focusing on the relation between compactifications of string/M theory on Anti-de Sitter spaces and conformal field theories. We review the background for this correspondence and discuss its motivations and the evidence for its correctness. We describe the main results that have been derived from the correspondence in the regime that the field theory is approximated by classical or semiclassical gravity. We focus on the case of the supersymmetric gauge theory in four dimensions, but we discuss also field theories in other dimensions, conformal and non-conformal, with or without supersymmetry, and in particular the relation to QCD. We also discuss some implications for black hole physics.

In this notes the background independent formulation of the gauge theories on D-branes in flat space-time is considered, some examples of the solutions of their equations of motion are presented, the solutions of Dirac equation in these... more

In this notes the background independent formulation of the gauge theories on D-branes in flat space-time is considered, some examples of the solutions of their equations of motion are presented, the solutions of Dirac equation in these backgrounds are analyzed, and the generalizations to the orbifolded spaces are looked upon.

Recent studies of QCD Green's functions and their applications in hadronic physics are reviewed. We discuss the definition of the generating functional in gauge theories, in particular, the rôle of redundant degrees of freedom,... more

Recent studies of QCD Green's functions and their applications in hadronic physics are reviewed. We discuss the definition of the generating functional in gauge theories, in particular, the rôle of redundant degrees of freedom, possibilities of a complete gauge fixing versus gauge fixing in presence of Gribov copies, BRS invariance and positivity. The apparent contradiction between positivity and colour antiscreening in combination with BRS invariance in QCD is considered. Evidence for the violation of positivity by quarks and transverse gluons in the covariant gauge is collected, and it is argued that this is one manifestation of confinement. We summarise the derivation of the Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSEs) of QED and QCD. For the latter, the implications of BRS invariance on the Green's functions are explored. The possible influence of instantons on DSEs is discussed in a two-dimensional model. In QED in (2+1) and (3+1) dimensions, the solutions for Green's functions provide tests of truncation schemes which can under certain circumstances be extended to the DSEs of QCD. We discuss some limitations of such extensions and assess the validity of assumptions for QCD as motivated from studies in QED. Truncation schemes for DSEs are discussed in axial and related gauges, as well as in the Landau gauge. Furthermore, we review the available results from a systematic non-perturbative expansion scheme established for Landau gauge QCD. Comparisons to related lattice results, where available, are presented. The applications of QCD Green's functions to hadron physics are summarised. Properties of ground state mesons are discussed on the basis of the ladder Bethe-Salpeter equation for quarks and antiquarks. The Goldstone nature of pseudoscalar mesons and a mechanism for diquark confinement beyond the ladder approximation are reviewed. We discuss some properties of ground state baryons based on their description as Bethe-Salpeter/Faddeev bound states of quark-diquark correlations in the quantum field theory of confined quarks and gluons.

In Elementary Cycles theory elementary quantum particles are consistently described as the manifestation of ultra-fast relativistic spacetime cyclic dynamics, classical in the essence. The peculiar relativistic geometrodynamics of... more

In Elementary Cycles theory elementary quantum particles are consistently described as the manifestation of ultra-fast relativistic spacetime cyclic dynamics, classical in the essence. The peculiar relativistic geometrodynamics of Elementary Cycles theory yields de facto a unification of ordinary relativistic and quantum physics. In particular its classical-relativistic cyclic dynamics reproduce exactly from classical physics first principles all the fundamental aspects of Quantum Mechanics, such as all its axioms, the Feynman path integral, the Dirac quantisation prescription (second quan-tisation), quantum dynamics of statistical systems, non-relativistic quantum mechanics, atomic physics, superconductivity, graphene physics and so on. Furthermore the theory allows for the explicit derivation of gauge interactions, without postulating gauge invariance, directly from rela-tivistic geometrodynamical transformations, in close analogy with the description of gravitational interaction in general relativity. In this paper we summarise some of the major achievements, rigorously proven also in several recent peer-reviewed papers, of this innovative formulation of quantum particle physics.

]: 1.Derivation of Lorentz Invariance and Three Space Dimensions in Generic Field Theory (C D. Froggatt and H. B. Nielsen) 2.Unitary Representations, Noncompact Groups SO(q; d - q)...(N. Mankoc Borstnik, H. B. Nielsen and D. Lukman)... more

]: 1.Derivation of Lorentz Invariance and Three Space Dimensions in Generic Field Theory (C D. Froggatt and H. B. Nielsen) 2.Unitary Representations, Noncompact Groups SO(q; d - q)...(N. Mankoc Borstnik, H. B. Nielsen and D. Lukman) 3.Weyl Spinor of SO(1; 13), Families of Spinors ...(A. Borstnik Bracic and N. Mankoc Borstnik) 4.A Tight Packing Problem (A. Kleppe) 5.Why so Few Particle Species? ... (D.L. Bennett and A. Kleppe) 6.About Number of Families (D. Lukman, A. Kleppe and N.S. Mankoc Borstnik) 7.Coupling Constant Unification in Spin-Charge Unifying Model ....(N. Mankoc Borstnik and H. B. Nielsen))