Geoscience and remote sensing Research Papers (original) (raw)

The Diyala River (DR) in Iraq is exposed to droughts and floods from time to time. The DR is supplying the amount of water to Tigris River at the south of Baghdad. Estimation of runoff from precipitation is very important because of its... more

The Diyala River (DR) in Iraq is exposed to droughts and floods from time to time. The DR is supplying the amount of water to Tigris River at the south of Baghdad. Estimation of runoff from precipitation is very important because of its impact on decision-making in water resources management. The conceptual and distributed hydrological model was adopted and by HEC-HMS, Geo-HMS, and GIS software, remote digital elevation models were processed. The sensitivity, Calibration, and validation were made through the period 2017-2021. The ratios of estimated CN values (60-100) were in between (0.6 to 52.8) %. The differences between the observed and estimated inlet discharge of Hemrin Dam were for (+0.1 to -0.2) % with some more at peak discharge point. The HEC-HMS using data from NASA and FAO is acceptable. The results with an accuracy of 95%, which is indicated by the value of R2 and PBIAS indicators.

The NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) mission represents a groundbreaking collaboration aimed at comprehensively monitoring Earth's surface dynamics. Through the fusion of L-band and S-band radar frequencies, NISAR promises... more

The NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) mission represents a groundbreaking collaboration aimed at comprehensively monitoring Earth's surface dynamics. Through the fusion of L-band and S-band radar frequencies, NISAR promises unprecedented precision in detecting subtle surface changes, ranging from ecosystem disruptions to ice sheet collapses and natural hazard occurrences. This paper explores the mission's objectives, technology, and significance in advancing our understanding of climate change impacts and hazard mitigation. The partnership between NASA and ISRO, culminating in the signing of agreements in 2014, underscores the international cooperation vital for addressing complex global challenges. With its targeted launch in 2021, NISAR heralds a new era in Earth observation, enabled by the fusion of cutting-edge technology and collaborative scientific endeavor.

This PhD thesis is devoted to the detection of shadows, vegetation and buildings from single high resolution optical remote sensing images. The first part introduces a new method for simultaneously detecting shadows and vegetation.... more

This PhD thesis is devoted to the detection of shadows, vegetation and buildings from single high resolution optical remote sensing images. The first part introduces a new method for simultaneously detecting shadows and vegetation. Several shadow and vegetation indices were investigated and merged using the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory so as to obtain a segmentation map with three classes : “shadow”, “vegetation” and “other”. However, the performance of the fusion is sensitive to noise since it processes at a pixel-level. A Markov random field (MRF) is thus integrated to model spatial information within the image. In the second part, a novel region growing segmentation technique is proposed. The image is oversegmented into smaller homogeneous regions which replace the rigid structure of the pixel grid. An iterative region classification-merging is then applied over these regions. At each iteration, regions are classified using a MRF-based image segmentation, then, according to th...

diometer (MODIS) is an earth-viewing sensor that flies on the

This paper, intended for public information, describes the SIR-C/X-SAR mission and the data taken over the Brazilian territory and available to the scientific community at large. The mission consisted of two flights of the Space Shuttle... more

This paper, intended for public information, describes the SIR-C/X-SAR mission and the data taken over the Brazilian territory and available to the scientific community at large. The mission consisted of two flights of the Space Shuttle Endeavour carrying aboard a SAR operating in three bands (L, C and X), four polarizations at L and C bands (HH, HV, VH, VV)and multiple incidence angles (15-55 ). The orbit inclination was 57 to the equator and images were acquired in both ascending and descending paths.Pages: 393-39

Image enhancement deals with enhancing the image so that it provides more details. Several techniques are proposed for contrast enhancement of a low-contrast satellite images and CT scans. Here a new technique has been proposed based on... more

Image enhancement deals with enhancing the image so that it provides more details. Several techniques are proposed for contrast enhancement of a low-contrast satellite images and CT scans. Here a new technique has been proposed based on the Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT) Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). The proposed technique divides image into blocks and converts each block of image into the DWT-SVD-DCT domain after normalizing the singular value matrix. Then the modified image is reconstructed by using inverse DCT and DWT and the blocks are combined. Adaptive Histogram Equalization (AHE) has been used here. Results of the proposed method clearly indicates increased efficiency and flexibility perceptually and quantitatively over the existing methods like DWT-SVD technique.

The Ocean Turbulence Laboratory in the Oceanography Department at the Naval Postgraduate School has an active research program addressing a range of ocean turbulent boundary layer problems. The group has developed observational systems... more

The Ocean Turbulence Laboratory in the Oceanography Department at the Naval Postgraduate School has an active research program addressing a range of ocean turbulent boundary layer problems. The group has developed observational systems for studying sub-ice boundary layers in polar regions, coastal internal waves, solitons and turbulence over the continental shelf, and the wave forced boundary bottom boundary layer over the inner shelf and surf zone.