Heredity Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

The insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) gene was screened for genetic variants associated with trait means and trait correlations. Analysis of an unselected randomly mated White Leghorn population revealed a PstI restriction fragment... more

The insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) gene was screened for genetic variants associated with trait means and trait correlations. Analysis of an unselected randomly mated White Leghorn population revealed a PstI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in the 5' region of the gene which segregated at a frequency of 0.83 for the PstI(+) allele (presence of a PstI restriction site). A comparison of the three genotypic classes revealed that the PstI(-/-) genotype was associated with a significantly lower egg weight measured in three different time periods, while the PstI(+/-) genotype was significantly associated with a higher eggshell weight estimated from the egg weight and egg specific gravity. For eggshell weight, the effect was age dependent and significant only for the last two periods of egg laying. No genotype associations were found for body weight, feed consumption, and egg laying rates. Significant dominance effects of the IGF-I genotype were observed for two of...

Pollen immigration can offset the effects of genetic drift and inbreeding in small populations. To understand the genetic consequences of forest fragmentation, estimates of pollen flow into remnant fragments are essential. Such estimates... more

Pollen immigration can offset the effects of genetic drift and inbreeding in small populations. To understand the genetic consequences of forest fragmentation, estimates of pollen flow into remnant fragments are essential. Such estimates are straightforward for plants with singly sired, multiseeded fruits, since the pollen donor genotype for each fruit can be unambiguously reconstructed through full-sib genealogical analyses. Allozyme analyses were used to estimate pollen donor numbers from the progeny of fruits of the tropical dry forest tree Enterolobium cyclocarpum in a small (9.8 ha) fragmented population (N = 11) over three reproductive seasons (1994, 1995, and 1996). These analyses indicate that each tree receives pollen from many pollen donors. When data are pooled for the site, estimated maximum pollen donor pool sizes in all years exceed the number of individuals (56) in the 227 ha study area. Although unidentified pollen donors may be located as close as 250 m to the study...

BACKGROUND Fractal analysis has been shown to be capable of characterizing irregular time series generated in non-linear systems. Fluctuations in skin flow signals have a fractal nature, but to date there has been no analysis of subjects... more

BACKGROUND Fractal analysis has been shown to be capable of characterizing irregular time series generated in non-linear systems. Fluctuations in skin flow signals have a fractal nature, but to date there has been no analysis of subjects with hypertension. The aim of this study is to assess the fractal dimensions of skin microcirculation flows in subjects with a familial predisposition or newly diagnosed hypertension. METHODS A four-minutes rest flow (RF), minimal flow (BZ) during three-minutes ischemia and eight-minutes heat flow (HF) were recorded (using laser Doppler flowmetry) in patients with untreated hypertension, and in normotensives with no [NT(-)] or with a familial predisposition to hypertension [NT(+)]. Average one-minute surface areas under the curve of flow records and box dimensions (D) were calculated. Anova Kruskall-Wallis, c2 statistic and multivariate reverse regression analysis were used for calculation. RESULTS We studied 70 people (average age 36.1 ± 10.3 years...

There are a number of unusual behavioral tendencies amongst humans which appear to challenge the plausibility of a DNA basis. Some of these behaviors show up in the intellectual realm; others show up in the realm of gender orientations;... more

There are a number of unusual behavioral tendencies amongst humans which appear to challenge the plausibility of a DNA basis. Some of these behaviors show up in the intellectual realm; others show up in the realm of gender orientations; and still others show up in the form of apparent paranormal abilities. Together these challenges - two from the accepted literature and the other from the paranormal literature - will be touched on here. The associated challenges form a concise statement of the excessive expectations placed on DNA. These challenges resonate with the missing heritability crisis and also an associated opportunity to appreciate life’s mysteries.

Canine hypoadrenocorticism is believed to be an immune-related condition. It is rare in the overall dog population but shows a breed-related predisposition with Standard poodles and Portuguese water dogs having a greater prevalence of the... more

Canine hypoadrenocorticism is believed to be an immune-related condition. It is rare in the overall dog population but shows a breed-related predisposition with Standard poodles and Portuguese water dogs having a greater prevalence of the condition. It shares many similarities with human primary adrenal insufficiency and is believed to be a naturally occurring, spontaneous model for the human condition. Short haplotype blocks and low levels of linkage disequilibrium in the human genome mean that the identification of genetic contributors to the condition requires large sample numbers. Pedigree dogs have high linkage disequilibrium and long haplotypes within a breed, increasing the potential of identifying novel genes that contribute to canine genetic disease. We investigated 222 SNPs from 42 genes that have been associated or may be implicated in human Addison's disease. We conducted case-control analyses in 3 pedigree dog breeds (Labrador retriever: affected n = 30, unaffected ...

“One of the most gifted science journalists of his generation, Carl Zimmer tells a gripping human story about heredity from misguided notions that have caused terrible harm to recent ongoing research that promises to unleash more powerful... more

“One of the most gifted science journalists of his generation, Carl Zimmer tells a gripping human story about heredity from misguided notions that have caused terrible harm to recent ongoing research that promises to unleash more powerful technologies than the world has ever known. The breadth of his perspective is extraordinarily compelling, compassionate, and valuable. Please read this book now.”
—Jennifer Doudna, UC Berkeley, coauthor of A Crack in Creation

The Sea Wolf is a psychological adventure novel by an American novelist Jack London, published in 1904. The book's protagonist, Humphrey van Weyden, is a literary critic who is a survivor of an ocean collision and who comes under the... more

The Sea Wolf is a psychological adventure novel by an American novelist Jack London, published in 1904. The book's protagonist, Humphrey van Weyden, is a literary critic who is a survivor of an ocean collision and who comes under the dominance of Wolf Larsen, the powerful and amoral sea captain who rescues him. It combines elements of naturalism and romantic adventure. Among numerous works of Jack London, The Sea Wolf enjoys a quite high literary status, which is actually known all over the world, which western critics have given very high comment. It tells the story of a soft, domesticated protagonist who is forced to become tough and self-reliant by exposure to cruelty and brutality. Naturalism is a scientific method employed here to depict the characters in the novel in which a character's fate has been decided, even predetermined, by impersonal forces of nature beyond human control. The novel is an experiment where the author could discover and analyze the forces, or scientific laws, that influence behavior, and these include emotion, heredity, and environment.

The Inheritance of Traits: From Genetics to Heredity is an anthology of articles, compiled by 11 authors with topics ranging from the relationship between heredity and genetics to the discovery of the field of genetics and its... more

The Inheritance of Traits: From Genetics to Heredity is an anthology of articles, compiled by 11 authors with topics ranging from the relationship between heredity and genetics to the discovery of the field of genetics and its applications in modern science. Focusing on the contributions of Gergor Mendel, this collection of articles provides detailed explanations of the experiments carried out by Mendel and the important conclusion derived from his work which continue to influence our understanding of genetics today. Tying heredity with our knowledge of evolution and the future of genetics, The Inheritance of Traits: From Genetics to Heredity aims at providing a brief overview of the plethora of knowledge we have obtained thus far on the topics of genetics and heredity.

The Day 1 Course Overview uses R. Jurmain, H. Nelson, L. Kilgore, & W. Trevathan (2000) Introduction to Physical Anthropology 8th Edition (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Learning) as the guide to introduce students to the terminology and major... more

The Day 1 Course Overview uses R. Jurmain, H. Nelson, L. Kilgore, & W. Trevathan (2000) Introduction to Physical Anthropology 8th Edition (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Learning) as the guide to introduce students to the terminology and major concepts of physical anthropology. Each slide represents a chapter or further explains the previous slide:
1. Intro
2. Development of an Evolution Theory
3. Biological Basis of Life
4. Heredity and Evolution
5. An Overview of the Living Primates
6. Fundamentals of Primate Behavior
7. Models of Human Evolution
8. Processes of Macroevolution
9. Paleoanthropology
10. Hominid Origins
11. Homo erectus
12. Neandertals
13. Homo sapiens sapiens
14. Microevolution in Modern Human Populations
15. Human Variation and Adaptation
16. Anthropological Perspective on Human Course of Life

Kalıtım ve zeka kişiliğe nasıl bir yöne vermekte?

A book about the emerging field of epigenetics and its societal implications written in a simple, yet exciting, manner. Written by students of diverse disciplines, and reviewed by experts in the field, it is intended for students and... more

A book about the emerging field of epigenetics and its societal implications written in a simple, yet exciting, manner. Written by students of diverse disciplines, and reviewed by experts in the field, it is intended for students and educated lay people. We hope this accessible book will excite further interest and concern regarding the social, ethical, legal, health, and policy implications that the field of will have for all arenas of our lives.

At the end of the nineteenth century the Italian physician and anthropologist Cesare Lombroso established the foundations of criminological sciences by introducing a biological theory of delinquency, which was later discredited and... more

At the end of the nineteenth century the Italian physician and anthropologist Cesare Lombroso established the foundations of criminological sciences by introducing a biological theory of delinquency, which was later discredited and replaced by the sociological approach. The theory of the " born criminal " was poor in methods and analysis, and turned out to be controversial in its formulations, assumptions, and mostly in its predictions. However, recent research in behavioral genetics and neuroscience has brought back some version of the Lombrosian idea by providing evidence for the genetic and biological correlates of criminality. This research has been impacting legal proceedings worldwide. In this paper, I compare the Lombrosian and the contemporary scientific meanings of "heredity" and "predisposition" to aggressive and violent behavior, by highlighting theoretical similarities and differences in the two approaches. On the one hand, the paper is arguing against the idea that contemporary theories are radically deterministic, while on the other hand it aims at rehabilitating the intellectual image of Lombroso by showing that the denigration of his brilliant work by his successors was unjustified.