Natural Excipients Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Humic Substances (HS) occur naturally in our environment and are the remains of a process called humification, which is the biodegradation of biomass that then recombines and converts into dark colored complex compounds with no definite... more
Humic Substances (HS) occur naturally in our environment and are the remains of a process called humification, which is the biodegradation of biomass that then recombines and converts into dark colored complex compounds with no definite chemical structure. These are the end result of microbial degradation but resistant to further microbial degradation. It has a strong global presence as a dietary supplement and cosmetics applications for different beneficial uses. Till date its exploration as a pharmaceutical excipient has been limited to academic research only but the data being presented augurs a good commercial success.
The present study explores the pharmaceutical potential of a natural organic matter (fulvic acid) for sustained release, acid buffering capacity and mucoadhesion in vaginal drug delivery. The antifungal drug, Itraconazole, was first... more
The present study explores the pharmaceutical potential of a natural organic matter (fulvic acid) for sustained release, acid buffering capacity and mucoadhesion in vaginal drug delivery. The antifungal drug, Itraconazole, was first converted into inclusion complexes with fulvic acid (1:1 & 1:2 molar ratio) and then characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT IR) and Mass Spectroscopy. Results were also authenticated by conformational analysis. Solubility analysis of complexes yielded different thermodynamic parameters and explained the driving force for solubilisation when the pH was varied in an acidic range. MTT assays were also performed to assess the potential in vitro cell toxicity of the complexes in comparison to the neat drug. The complexes were then formulated into tablets and optimized for hardness, mucoadhesion and release profiles. The optimized tablets presented with satisfactory mucoadhesion, acid buffering and spreading ability. Moreover, the antifungal activity of the formulation was also increased due to improved aqueous solubility of the drug despite the larger size of the complex. The study also indicated the potential use of fulvic acid as a functional excipient in the preparation of a vaginal drug delivery system (VDDS).
Urea controlled release fertilizer (CRF) was prepared via kaolinite intercalation followed by gum arabic encapsulation in an attempt to reduce its severe losses associated with dissolution, hydrolysis, and diffusion. Following the... more
Urea controlled release fertilizer (CRF) was prepared via kaolinite intercalation followed by gum arabic encapsulation in an attempt to reduce its severe losses associated with dissolution, hydrolysis, and diffusion. Following the beneficiation, the nonkaolinite fraction decreased from 39.58% to 0.36% whereas the kaolinite fraction increased from 60.42% to 99.64%. The X-ray diffractions showed that kaolinite was a major phase with FCC Bravais crystal lattice with particle sizes ranging between 14.6 nm and 92.5 nm. The particle size varied with intercalation ratios with methanol intercalated kaolinite > DMSO-kaolinite > urea-kaolinite (KPDMU). Following intercalation, SEM analysis revealed a change of order from thick compact overlapping euhedral pseudohexagonal platelets to irregular booklets which later transformed to vermiform morphology and dispersed euhedral pseudohexagonal platelets. Besides, dispersed euhedral pseudohexagonal platelets were seen to coexist with blocky-ve...
ABSTRACT An oral controlled release (CR) matrix system of Ambroxol hydrochloride was developed using a binary hydrophilic polymer mixture of chitosan (CH) and xanthan gum (XG) (1:1 w/w ratio). Two test tablet formulations were prepared... more
ABSTRACT
An oral controlled release (CR) matrix system of Ambroxol hydrochloride was developed using a binary
hydrophilic polymer mixture of chitosan (CH) and xanthan gum (XG) (1:1 w/w ratio). Two test tablet
formulations were prepared using drug to polymer mixture ratios (D:P) of 1:1 and 1:3 (w/w), designated as
T1 and T2, respectively. The in vitro drug release data was best fitted to the Higuchi equation. The 1:1 ratio
(T1) demonstrated in vitro dissolution similarity with the commercial product, Mucosolvan LA. A preliminary
in vivo study was performed using six volunteers. The study was designed to include open, randomized, singledose,
three-treatment, six-sequence, crossover (Williams design) under fasting conditions. The data showed
that T1 was bioequivalent to Mucosolvan LA ® after the administration of a single 75mg oral dose. Two in
vivo, in vitro correlations (IVIVC) were established between Cmax versus the fraction of drug dissolved (FRD)
after 4 hours, and AUC versus the ratio of fraction of drug dissolved (FRD) after 10 hours where a multiple
point level C correlation of IVIVC was obtained.
Urea controlled release fertilizer (CRF) was prepared via kaolinite intercalation followed by gum arabic encapsulation in an attempt to reduce its severe losses associated with dissolution, hydrolysis, and diffusion. Following the... more
Urea controlled release fertilizer (CRF) was prepared via kaolinite intercalation followed by gum arabic encapsulation in an attempt to reduce its severe losses associated with dissolution, hydrolysis, and diffusion. Following the beneficiation, the nonkaolinite fraction decreased from 39.58% to 0.36% whereas the kaolinite fraction increased from 60.42% to 99.64%. The X-ray diffractions showed that kaolinite was a major phase with FCC Bravais crystal lattice with particle sizes ranging between 14.6 nm and 92.5 nm. The particle size varied with intercalation ratios with methanol intercalated kaolinite > DMSO-kaolinite > urea-kaolinite (KPDMU). Following intercalation, SEM analysis revealed a change of order from thick compact overlapping euhedral pseudohexagonal platelets to irregular booklets which later transformed to vermiform morphology and dispersed euhedral pseudohexagonal platelets. Besides, dispersed euhedral pseudohexagonal platelets were seen to coexist with blocky-vermicular booklets. In addition, a unique brain-form agglomeration which transformed into roundish particles mart was observed after encapsulation. The nanocomposites decomposed between 48 and 600 ∘ C. Release profiles showed that 100% of urea was released in 97 hours from KPDMU while 87% was released in 150 hours from the encapsulated nanocomposite. The findings established that it is possible to use Pugu kaolinite and gum arabic biopolymer to prepare urea CRF formulations.
Abstract: With the increasing interest in polymers of natural origin, the pharmaceutical world has compliance to use most of them in their formulations. Moreover, the tremendous orientation of pharma world towards these naturally derived... more
Abstract: With the increasing interest in polymers of natural origin, the pharmaceutical world has compliance to use most of them in their formulations. Moreover, the tremendous orientation of pharma world towards these naturally derived polymers has become a subject of increasing interest to discover, extract and purify such compounds from the reported origin. In the present review we have discussed mucilage, as a potent candidate to be used in various pharmaceutical formulations. We have also compiled the various sources which ...
Background: One of the major clinical challenges is to achieve a rapid and efficient treatment of complex chronic wounds. Nowadays, most wound dressings currently available are unable to find a solution the challenges of resistance to... more
Background: One of the major clinical challenges is to achieve a rapid and efficient treatment of complex chronic wounds. Nowadays, most wound dressings currently available are unable to find a solution the challenges of resistance to bacterial infection, protein adsorption and increased levels of exudates. Natural inorganic ingredients (clay minerals, metal cations, zeolites, etc) could be the key to solve the problem satisfactorily. Some of these materials have shown biocompatibility and ability to enhance cell adhesion, proliferation and cellular differentiation and uptake. Besides, some natural inorganic ingredients effectively retain drugs, allowing the design of drug delivery matrices. Objective: possibilities of natural inorganic ingredients in wound healing treatments have been reviewed, the following sections have been included: 1. Introduction 2. Functions of Inorganic Ingredients in wound healing 2.1. Antimicrobial effects 2.2. Hemostatic effects 3. Clay minerals for woun...
The present study explores the pharmaceutical potential of a natural organic matter (fulvic acid) for sustained release, acid buffering capacity and mucoadhesion in vaginal drug delivery. The antifungal drug, Itraconazole, was first... more
The present study explores the pharmaceutical potential of a natural organic matter (fulvic acid) for sustained release, acid buffering capacity and mucoadhesion in vaginal drug delivery. The antifungal drug, Itraconazole, was first converted into inclusion complexes with fulvic acid (1:1 & 1:2 molar ratio) and then characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT IR) and Mass Spectroscopy. Results were also authenticated by conformational analysis. Solubility analysis of complexes yielded different thermodynamic parameters and explained the driving force for solubilisation when the pH was varied in an acidic range. MTT assays were also performed to assess the potential in vitro cell toxicity of the complexes in comparison to the neat drug. The complexes were then formulated into tablets and optimized for hardness, mucoadhesion and release profiles. The optimized tablets presented with satisfactory mucoadh...