Sharecropping Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Examine the significant role played by the new social groups in the rise of the New South

- by Ramita Udayashankar
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- History, American History, Sharecropping, Ku Klux Klan

A new epigraphic discovery of exceptional importance has come to increase the dossier of the great agrarian inscriptions of Africa: it bears the first copy of the famous lex Hadriana de agris rudibus. The scientific community has been waiting for its discovery since the 19th century, as its existence was known through references in the rest of the dossier. Coming from the archaeological site of Henchir Hnich, Tunisia, this inscription, whose decipherment is in progress, will contribute to a better understanding, among other aspects, of the relations between the different agrarian regulations; the administration of the Fisc and the development and location of imperial estates in the Mejerda Valley; the types of crops grown as well as the structuring of the agrarian landscape and, of course, it will bring valuable data about sharecropping during the Roman High Empire in Africa. In this paper, we present the site of Henchir Hnich, then three funerary inscriptions found in it, contemporary with the one containing the lex Hadriana de agris rudibus, and finally, we make a summary presentation of this inscription and the first elements of its text.

- by Hernán González Bordas and +1
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- Agrarian Studies, Roman North Africa (Archaeology), Sharecropping, Agrarian Law

Estudio entre 1981 y 1989 de las características sociales, económicas y tecnológicas de la producción de caña y de panela en una región de haciendas tradicionales del muncipio de Charalá, Santander. Conflicto social y lucha por la tierra forman parte de los factores que conducen a su decadencia, junto con el relevo de la producción moderna de la panela en haciendas transformadas en pequeñas empresas agrícolas.

- by Pierre Raymond
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- Agrarian Studies, Peasant Studies, Land tenure, Sugar cane

A key strand of research for social and economic historians of the pre-industrial period is the relationship between city and countryside. Sometimes urban and rural environments enjoyed mutually beneficial relationships, though in other cases cities reduced their rural hinterlands to poverty and decay – the question is, why? By focusing on late-medieval Florence and Tuscany, this paper moves away from approaching this question through an ‘urban bias’, and suggests the answers can be found within the structural configuration of rural societies themselves. Essentially, some rural regions were well set up to repel urban predatory tendencies, while other societies were susceptible to exploitation.

- by Daniel R Curtis
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- History, Economic History, Late Middle Ages, Medieval History
- by Teresa Figueroa
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- Agronomy, Agriculture, Child Labor, Sharecropping

Le métayage en Gascogne est le mode de cession des terres le plus courant; il présente plusieurs variétés locales, tout en restant dans le cadre d'une association entre le bailleur et le preneur. L'article s'accompagne de la publication... more

- by Brumont Francis
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- Sharecropping, Mezzadria, Agrarian History of early modern France

"Sharecropping, appeared in central Italy around 1500, was the main form of land use and “modeled” the agricultural landscape, giving it a structure that has been preserved until middle of last century.
After the Second World War, the process of industrialization has undermined this socio-economic system, and has caused profound changes, not only in agriculture, and then in the
agricultural lendscape, but also in lifestyles.
The aim of the work is an interpretation of the agricultural landscape transformation, which occurred in the last 150 years of Italian history, through a reflection on the major socioeconomic
changes that have affected the agricultural sector and changed the relationship between city and countryside.
The case study is the Plain of Assisi. It has been chosen both for the structural characteristics of its agriculture, both for the planning policy adopeted by the City."

- by Giulia Giacchè
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- Sharecropping, Assisi, Agrarian Landscape Changes
- by Pierre Raymond
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- Colombia, Peasant Studies, Peasant Studies, Land tenure
- by Simone Menegaldo
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- Regional/country studies, Local History, Sharecropping, Storia Delle Campagne

With the privatization of the internet in 1995, capital managed to contain the digital common, to classify it as private property, and to generalize and extend the digital common of the private internet to the world community as universal private property. Since that time, individual capitals with a share in the ownership of the digital common as universal private property have taken on the mantle of digital landowners. Pursuant to their becoming digital landowners, capitals like Facebook and internet service providers have drawn account holders onto the universal private property of today's global internet, casting them in the role of digital peasant tenant-cultivators. This tenantry has promoted conditions ripe for the establishment of a feudal mode of agrarian exploitation that expresses itself through the establishment of digital sharecropping, the taking of digital ground rent, and the extraction of tribute.

- by Stan Harrison
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- Marxism, Internet Studies, Post-Marxism, Facebook

We examine the working of a sharecropping contract, the "rabassa morta". We argue, in line with much of recent theoretical work, that the contract was originally efficient, because it reduced problems of moral hazard and opportunistic behaviour, and provided sharecroppers with sufficient incentives to respond to market opportunities, for over a couple of centuries. However, from the late nineteenth century, the combination of technical change, rising wages, weak wine prices all increased the incentives for postcontractual opportunistic behaviour on the pan of the sharecropper, leading to conflicts and an undennining of the trust that had been built up over the previous centuries. Therefore, by the early 1920s the contract was often considered synonymous with "exploitation" and "impoverishment", tenns frequently found in the more traditionalliterature on sharecropping.

- by jmiguel carmona
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- Economic History, Economics, Agriculture, Catalan History

Nos proponemos explorar hasta qué punto la modalidad contractual a la que un masovero catalán estaba sujeto pudo condicionar su capacidad de acumulación y su potencial acceso a la propiedad a lo largo del siglo XX. Nuestro ámbito de exploración será la región de Girona, donde los tratos de masovería hasta fines del siglo XIX habían consistido en una aparcería agrícola al tercio sin aportación del propietario a los gastos corrientes de explotación. A partir de dicho momento, sin embargo, se inició un proceso de redefinición y renegociación de los tratos de masovería que arrinconó los antiguos pactos al tercio y abrió la puerta a un amplio abanico de soluciones, desde distintas fórmulas de mediería hasta el arriendo monetario. En paralelo, es conocido que un número significativo de masoveros pudo acceder a la compra de tierras y, en algunos casos, de la
misma finca que habían cultivado. Lo que planteamos es evaluar hasta qué punto el régimen contractual condicionó esta ‘revolución silenciosa’ que Josep Pla describió a mediados del s. XX.
Evidentemente la modalidad contractual pudo condicionarla capacidad de acumulación en tanto incidía, com se ha señalado en muchas ocasiones, sobre el comportamiento inversor y losmecanismos de decisión y asunción de riesgos tanto de masoveros como de propietarios; sin embargo, creemos que lo más determinante fue la dispar evolución de la tasa de sustracción seguida por los arrendamientos respecto de las distintas aparcerías

- by Enric Saguer
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- Economic History, Rural History, Social History, Sharecropping
- by Enric Saguer and +1
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- Rural History, Sharecropping

This thesis attempts to investigate the changing features of 18th century Ottoman agricultural production in the context of commercialization. New emerging landowners, long-termed usufruct of arable lands and the sharecropping system are analyzed in conjunction with one another respectively. It discusses the implications of the titles held by individuals who purchased arable lands and claims that the Empire’s inability to maintain the classical state structure intact from the second quarter of the17th century had particular impact on long-termed land usufruct and on the emergence of new land owners whose profession was not cultivation. It is argued in this thesis that in the 18th century, there was an inclination towards purchasing arable lands by individuals who resided in towns and city-quarters. It is argued that these new landowners made use of these fields, which were held long-term, by engaging in sharecropping contracts with villagers to receive a surplus of income. The main argument of this thesis is supported by analyzing empirical data composed of court cases regarding land sales and sharecropping contracts. This will display the inclinations of individual who purchased fields and engaged in sharecropping contracts. The empirical data used consists of 5 court registers: 3 of them belong to Konya and the remaining 2 to Antakya. This thesis aims to present an alternative perspective to previously conducted research by analyzing the commercialization phenomenon of agricultural production in the 18th century by suggesting that the sharecropping system was an important aspect of obtaining extra agricultural produce through the process of commercialization.

- by Bedirhan Laçin
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- Islamic Law, Ottoman History, Ottoman Studies, Economic History of Ottoman Empire

L'amministrazione austriaca del Lombardo Veneto, calata nel contesto trevigiano, fra il 1818 e il 1848

- by Simone Menegaldo
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- Risorgimento, Sharecropping, Venice and the Veneto, History of Venice

La generalización de los conflictos rurales durante la Segunda República fue un factor importante para explicar la inestabilidad política que condujo al golpe de Estado y la Guerra Civil en 1936. En este trabajo se analiza Extremadura, escenario del 75 % de las invasiones de tierras en el país durante la República. A partir del aprovechamiento de diferentes fuentes poco explotadas, mostramos que los problemas de la región y la naturaleza de los conflictos vistos desde Madrid eran muy diferentes a lo que sucedía a nivel local. La escasez de tierras cultivables explica que las distintas medidas de redistribución de tierras puestas en marcha por los gobiernos entraban en conflicto, no solo con los intereses de los propietarios, sino con las formas de acceso a la tierra de otros cultivadores que se vieron perjudicados. Por tanto, los aparceros que cultivaban las dehesas, y que los contemporáneos de la II República empezaron a llamar yunteros, habrían estado divididos con respecto a su participación en las invasiones. Esta interpretación explica mejor la polarización política de la sociedad rural extremeña que evidencian los resultados electorales.

- by Juan carmona and +1
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- Contemporary History of Spain, Land reform, Sharecropping, Social Conflict
- by Jean-Marc Moriceau
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- Modern History, Early Modern History, Agrarian Studies, Peasant Studies

With the privatization of the internet in 1995, capital managed to contain the digital common, to classify it as private property, and to generalize and extend the digital common of the private internet to the world community as universal private property. Since that time, individual capitals with a share in the ownership of the digital common as universal private property have taken on the mantle of digital landowners. Pursuant to their becoming digital landowners, capitals like Facebook and internet service providers have drawn account holders onto the universal private property of today’s global internet, casting them in the role of digital peasant tenant-cultivators. This tenantry has promoted conditions ripe for the establishment of a feudal mode of agrarian exploitation that expresses itself through the establishment of digital sharecropping, the taking of digital ground rent, and the extraction of tribute.

- by Stan Harrison
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- Marxism, Internet Studies, Facebook, Marxism (Political Science)

Su quali basi si fonda una identità? Cosa porta alla nascita di un sentimento identitario nazionale? Cosa può rendere o meno una comunità partecipe di tale senso di appartenza, quali i meccanismi che creano o distruggono o inventato la cosiddetta identità nazionale? Il saggio, a partire da 150 interviste realizzati a mezzadri vissuti nel periodo fascista, cerca di ragionare su come il concetto di identità nazionale sia nato, o meno, grazie alla propaganda del regime, sia crollato con esso per rinascere con la Resistenza per poi scomparire di nuovo nella sfiducia post bellica e rientrare nei ranghi dell'accettazione contestante sfociata poi nel movimento leghista. Il tutto, relativo all'area plavense della Sinistra Piave, tra Vazzola, Cimadolmo, San Polo di piave, Ormelle, Salgareda, Ponte di Piave, Oderzo.

- by Simone Menegaldo
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- Cultural History, Second World War, Sharecropping, Italian fascism
- by Sourovi De
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- Agriculture, Sharecropping
- by Claudio Cecchi
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- Economic History, History of Economic Thought, Economic Theory, Contractualism
- by Salim Rashid
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- Economics, Sharecropping

The colonate was a long-term system of sharecropping widely used on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, especially in Dalmatia. It was a private-law relationship between a landowner and a tenant, who was usually a peasant with hereditary character, and it was similar to other forms of sharecropping across the Mediterranean. This paper argues the colonate was not a rigid system that directly reflected social and economic hierarchies, as it has often been described, but that both landowners and tenants entered into the agreement with the ability to make rational economic calculations. The second part of the paper focuses on the process of abolishing the colonate after World War I. To gain support from peasants, who represented 79 percent of the total population, the government of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes announced the implementation of comprehensive agrarian reform in 1919, which included the dissolution of all traditional agrarian relations and the allocation of land to landless peasants. Unlike in other parts of the Kingdom, however, this policy was only slowly implemented in Dalmatia as the government was unwilling to put it into practice. They supported Dalmatian landowners, many of whom were members of the governing parties and who sought to delay the implementation of the reform. In the end, the colonate was the only traditional agrarian relation not completely abolished during the interwar period. It was only phased out after the end of World War II.

- by Ivan Hrstic
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- Economic History, Rural History, Local History, Yugoslavia
- by Simone Menegaldo
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- Sharecropping, Tradizioni Popolari, Mezzadria, Contadini

We revisit the question of why fixed rent contracts are less prevalent than crop share contracts despite Marshallian inefficiency. We consider the case where the type of the principal is endogenous to contract provisions and reneging by the principal may pay due to weak third party enforcement (TPE). We imbed the quality of TPE into the participation constraint of the agent in an effort-in-advance P-A model. The governance regime explicitly involves interplay of three categories of the Northian enforcement, viz., first, second and third party enforcement. Weak and strong TPE are formally defined. We show that the general contract derived nests the usual textbook contract when TPE is strong; weak TPE on the other hand results in a strictly positive induced risk aversion which always exceeds the inherent risk aversion of the agent. This prevents the power of the contract to equal one even when the agent is risk-neutral, thus, rendering a fixed-rent contract sub-optimal.

- by Raul V Fabella
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- Economics, Sharecropping, Weak TPE, Endogenous Type
- by Elisabetta Basile
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- Economic History, History of Economic Thought, Economic Theory, Contractualism
- by Filippo Ribani
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- Reggio Emilia, Sharecropping, Peasant History, Civil Court

- by Raul V Fabella
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- Sharecropping, Weak TPE, Endogenous Type, Induced Risk Aversion