Kirchhoffite (original) (raw)
A valid IMA mineral species
About KirchhoffiteHide
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Lustre:
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named in 2010 by Atali A. Agakhanov, Leonid A. Pautov, Vladimir Yu. Karpenko, Elena Sokolova, and Frank C. Hawthorne in honor of Gustav Kirchhoff [b. March 12, 1824 in Königsberg, East Prussia (Germany), d. October 17, 1887 in Berlin, Germany] who was co-discoverer of cesium and who co-developed the field of chemical spectroscopy. Kirchhoff also developed, among many other discoveries, laws governing electrical circuits and proposed the fundamentals of what he termed "black body radiation."
Unique IdentifiersHide
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Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:40071:0
a95aea10-0383-47a6-8637-d81d2ffa6b9c
IMA Classification of KirchhoffiteHide
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Type description reference:
Agakhanov, A. A., Pautov, L. A., Karpenko, V. Y., Sokolova, E., Hawthorne, F. C. (2012) Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, a new mineral species from the Darai-Pioz alkaline massif, Tajikistan: description and crystal structure. The Canadian Mineralogist, 50 (2) 523-529 doi:10.3749/canmin.50.2.523
Classification of KirchhoffiteHide
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9.GB.05
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
B : Chains of single connected 4-membered rings
77.1.1.8
77 : TECTOSILICATES Zeolites
1 : Zeolite group - True zeolites
Mineral SymbolsHide
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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Khf | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of KirchhoffiteHide
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Density:
3.622 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.639 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of KirchhoffiteHide
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RI values:
_n_ω = 1.592 _n_ε = 1.600
δ = 0.008
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of KirchhoffiteHide
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Mindat Formula:
Cs(BSi2O6)
Crystallography of KirchhoffiteHide
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Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/m m m _(_4/_m_2/_m_2/m ) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 13.019(2) Å, c = 12.900(2) Å
Unit Cell V:
2,186.48 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Crystal StructureHide
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| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0019219 | Kirchhoffite | Agakhanov A A, Pautov L A, Karpenko V Y, Sokolova E, Hawthorne F C (2012) Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, a new mineral species from the Darai-Pioz Alkaline Massif,Tajikistan: Description and crystal structure The Canadian Mineralogist 50 523-529 | 2012 | Upper Dara-Pioz alkaline massif, Garm district, Tajikistan | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide
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Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.32 Å | (32) |
| 3.48 Å | (82) |
| 3.26 Å | (100) |
| 2.770 Å | (67) |
| 2.373 Å | (21) |
| 2.294 Å | (41) |
| 2.109 Å | (34) |
| 1.768 Å | (22) |
Comments:
The crystal structure of kirchhoffite was refined to an R1 index of 3.1% based on 487 observed reflections collected on a four-circle diffractometer with MoKα X-radiation. In the structure, there are two tetrahedrally coordinated sites: Si is occupied by silicon, = 1.610 Å, B is occupied by boron, = 1.465 Å, and Cs is [12]-coordinated,
= 3.301 Å. Tetrahedra form a [BSi2O6] framework, the topology of which is identical to that of tetragonal pollucite, CsAlSi2O6. The [12]-coordinated Cs atoms occupy the channels along [111] formed by six-membered rings of tetrahedra. Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, is a B analogue of the tetragonal modification of pollucite.
Geological EnvironmentHide
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Type Occurrence of KirchhoffiteHide
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General Appearance of Type Material:
Occurs as colorless equant grains 10 to 80 μm in diameter
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Moscow, russia, reg. no. 3923/1
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Agakhanov, A.A., Pautov, L.A., Karpenko, V.Y., Sokolova, E., Hawthorne, F.C., (2012) Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, a new mineral species from the Darai-Pioz Alkaline Massif, Tajikistan: Description and crystal structure. The Canadian Mineralogist: 50: 523-529.
Synonyms of KirchhoffiteHide
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Other Language Names for KirchhoffiteHide
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Relationship of Kirchhoffite to other SpeciesHide
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Other Members of this group:
| Alflarsenite | NaCa2Be3Si4O13(OH) · 2H2O | Mon. 2 : _P_21 |
|---|---|---|
| Amicite | K2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O | Mon. 2 |
| Ammonioleucite | (NH4)(AlSi2O6) | Tet. 4/m : _I_41/a |
| Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| Bellbergite | (K,Ba,Sr)2Sr2Ca2(Ca,Na)4[Al3Si3O12]6 · 30H2O | Hex. |
| Bikitaite | LiAlSi2O6 · H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| Boggsite | Ca8Na3(Si,Al)96O192 · 70H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : I m m a |
| Brewsterite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Chabazite-Levyne Subgroup | M[Al2Si4O12] · 6H2O | |
| Chiavennite | CaMnBe2Si5O13(OH)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| Clinoptilolite Subgroup | M3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O | |
| Cowlesite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| Dachiardite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Direnzoite | NaK6MgCa2(Al13Si47O120) · 36H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P m m n |
| Edingtonite | Ba[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O | Orth. 222 : _P_212121 |
| Epistilbite | CaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O | Mon. |
| Erionite Subgroup | M2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O | |
| Faujasite Subgroup | M3.5[Al7Si17O48] · 32H2O | |
| Ferrierite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Ferrochiavennite | Ca1-2Fe[(Si,Al,Be)5Be2O13(OH)2] · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| Flörkeite | (K3Ca2Na)[Al8Si8O32] · 12H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| Garronite Subgroup | ||
| Gaultite | Na4Zn2Si7O18 · 5H2O | Orth. m _m_2 : F d _d_2 |
| Gismondine Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Gmelinite Subgroup | In 1997, gmelinite was split into Gmelinite-Ca, Gmelinite-Na and Gmelinite-K. | |
| Gobbinsite | Na5(Si11Al5)O32 · 11H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a |
| Goosecreekite | Ca[Al2Si6O16] · 5H2O | Mon. 2 : _P_21 |
| Gottardiite | Na3Mg3Ca5Al19Si117O272 · 93H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : C m c a |
| Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O | |
| Hsianghualite | Ca3Li2(Be3Si3O12)F2 | Iso. 432 : _I_4132 |
| Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| Loomisite | Ba[Be2P2O8] · H2O | Mon. m |
| Lovdarite | K2Na6Be4Si14O36 · 9H2O | Orth. m _m_2 |
| Maricopaite | Pb7Ca2(Si,Al)48O100 · 32H2O | Orth. |
| Martinandresite | Ba2(Al4Si12O32) · 10H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P m m n |
| Mazzite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Merlinoite | (K,Na)5(Ca,Ba)2Al9Si23O64 · 23H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : I m m m |
| Montesommaite | (K,Na)9Al9Si23O64 · 10H2O | Orth. m _m_2 : F d _d_2 |
| Mordenite | (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O | Orth. |
| Mutinaite | Na3Ca4Si85Al11O192 · 60H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a |
| Nabesite | Na2BeSi4O10 · 4H2O | Orth. 222 : _P_212121 |
| Natrolite Subgroup | A subgroup of the Zeolite Group. | |
| Offretite | KCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O | Hex. 6_m_2 : _P_6_m_2 |
| Pahasapaite | Li8(Ca,Li,K)10.5Be24(PO4)24 · 38H2O | Iso. 23 : _I_23 |
| Parthéite | Ca2(Si4Al4) O15 (OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b |
| Paulingite Subgroup | Paulingite was originally described in 1960. | |
| Perlialite | K9Na(Ca,Sr)[Al2Si4O12]6 · 15H2O | Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_6/m m m |
| Phillipsite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Pollucite | (Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O | Iso. m_3_m _(_4/_m_32/m ) : I a_3_d |
| Roggianite | Ca2Be(OH)2Al2Si4O13 · 2.5H2O | Tet. 4/m m m _(_4/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _I_4/m c m |
| Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O | |
| Terranovaite | (Na,Ca)8(Si68Al12)O160 · 29H2O | Orth. |
| Thomsonite Subgroup | The large majority of "thomsonite" is thomsonite-Ca. | |
| Tschernichite | (Ca,Na2)[Al2Si4O12] · 4-8H2O | Tet. 4/m m m _(_4/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_4/m m m |
| Tschörtnerite | Ca4(Ca,Sr,K,Ba)3Cu3[Al3Si3O12]4(OH)8 · nH2O | Iso. m_3_m _(_4/_m_32/m ) : F m_3_m |
| UM1996-38-SiO:AlCaHNa | Na-Ca-Al-Si-O-H | |
| UM1999-33-SiO:AlHKNa | K7Na5Al12Si20O64 · 24H2O | |
| UM2002-40-SiO:AlCaHKMgNa | (Mg,Ca,Na,K)7.5(Al12.8Si51.2)O128 · 65H2O | Tet. 422 : _P_4122 |
| Unnamed (Ca analogue of Merlinoite) | (Ca,K,Na)5(Ca,Ba)2Al9Si23O64 · 23H2O ? | |
| Wairakite | Ca(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| Weinebeneite | CaBe3(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. m : B b |
| Wenkite | (Ba,K)4(Ca,Na)6[(Si,Al)20O39(OH)2](SO4)3 · 0.5H2O | Hex. 6_m_2 : P_62_m |
| Willhendersonite | KCa[Al3Si3O12] · 5H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| Yugawaralite | CaAl2Si6O16 · 4H2O | Mon. m : P b |
Common AssociatesHide
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Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide
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Fluorescence of KirchhoffiteHide
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Other InformationHide
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Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for KirchhoffiteHide
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References for KirchhoffiteHide
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Reference List:
Agakhanov, A. A., Pautov, L. A., Karpenko, V. Y., Sokolova, E., Hawthorne, F. C. (2012) Kirchhoffite, CsBSi2O6, a new mineral species from the Darai-Pioz alkaline massif, Tajikistan: description and crystal structure. The Canadian Mineralogist, 50 (2) 523-529 doi:10.3749/canmin.50.2.523
Localities for KirchhoffiteHide
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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the 
symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Locality ListHide
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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. 
- Good crystals or important locality for species. 
- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.