The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary (original) (raw)

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

Biographical Dictionary Pope Julius III (1550-1555) Consistory of November 20, 1551 (III)

(3) 1. CIOCCHI DEL MONTE, Cristoforo Guidalotti (1484-1564)

Birth. 1484, Arezzo. Son of Cecco di Cristofano Guidalotti, patrician of Perugia, and Margherita Ciocchi del Monte. He had four brothers and a sister. First cousin of Pope Julius III. Another cardinal of the family was Innocenzo Ciocchi del Monte (1550).

Education. Studied in Rome under his uncle Cardinal Antonio del Monte. Obtained a doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law.

Early life. At the death of his father, he was sent to Rome to study together with his brothers and sister. Archpriest of S. Angelo in Vado by preferment from his uncle the cardinal, who had also occupied the post..

Sacred orders. (No information found).

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Bethlehem in Palestina, August 21, 1517, in succession to his cousin, Gaspare Antonio del Monte. Consecrated (no information found). Transferred to the see of Cagli (1), February 10, 1525. Transferred to the see of Marseille (2), June 27, 1550. Promoted to the titular patriarchate of Alessandria, retaining the see of Marseille, October 20, 1550.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the title of S. Prassede, December 4, 1551. Resigned the patriarchate before January 8, 1552. Participated in the two conclaves of 1555. Resigned the government of the diocese of Marseille before March 9, 1556. Transferred to the see of Cagli, March 9, 1556. Participated in the conclave of 1559, which elected Pope Pius IV.

Death. October 27 (3), 1564, S. Angelo in Vado (4), near Urbino. The news of his death reached Rome the following day, October 28, 1564. Buried in front of the main altar of the church of S. Angelo.

Bibliography. Berton, Charles. Dictionnaire des cardinaux, contenant des notions générales sur le cardinalat, la nomenclature complète ..., des cardinaux de tous less temps et de tous les pays ... les détails biographiques essentiels sur tous les cardinaux ... de longues études sur les cardinaux célèbre ... Paris : J.-P. Migne, 1857 ; Facsimile edition. Farnborough ; Gregg, 1969, col. 1249; Burkle-Young, Francis A. and Michael Leopoldo Doerrer. The life of Cardinal Innocenzo del Monte : a scandal in scarlet ; together with materials for a history of the House of Ciocchi del Monte San Savino. Lewiston, NY : E. Mellen Press, 1997. (Renaissance studies, v. 2), pp.106-108; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 306-307; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 1590; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 63; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 32, 69, 102, 133, 147 and 238; Gams, Pius Bonifatius. Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae, quotquot innotuerunt a beato Petro apostolo. A multio adjutus ed. p. Pius Bonifacius Gams ... Leipzig : K.W. Hiersemann, 1931. 2 v. in 1. Vol. 2 has title, ... qua series, quae apparuit 1873 completur et continuatur ab anno ca. 1870 ad 20. febr. 1885, p. 678; Moroni, Gaetano. Dizionario di Erudizioni Storico-Ecclesiastici. Rome : Tipografia Emiliana, 1847, Moroni, XLV, 156, col. 1.

Webgraphy. Biography, in Norwegian.

(1) He exchanged the see with the incumbent, Tommaso Albizi, who then became titular bishop of Bethlehem in Palestina.
(2) According to Burkle-Young, The life of Cardinal Innocenzo del Monte, p. 107, King Henri II of France opposed the nomination and offered his own candidate, Juan Balaquer, but after a heated exchange of letters under difficult diplomatic circumstances, the king withdrew his objections.
(3) This is according to Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, III, 32; Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae, p. 678, gives the date of death as September 24, 1564; and Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 63, says that he died on October 25, 1564.
(4) This is according to Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IV, 307; and Moroni, Dizionario di Erudizioni Storico-Ecclesiastici, XLV, 156, col. 1; Burkle-Young, The life of Cardinal Innocenzo del Monte, p. 108, indicates that some sources say that he died in Cagli; Berton, Dictionnaire des cardinaux, col. 1249, says that he died in S. Angelo dei Guai while in disgrace with Pope Pius IV.

(4) 2. DELLA CORGNA, O.S.Io.Hieros., Fulvio Giulio (1517-1583)

Birth. November 19, 1517, Perugia. Son of Francia (1) della Corgna, Perugian nobleman, and Jacopa (Giacoma) Ciocchi del Monte. His last name is also listed as Corgnia; as Cornia; as Cornea; and as Corneus. Nephew of Pope Julius III on his mother's side. Grand-nephew of Cardinal Antonio Maria Ciocchi del Monte (1511). Related (uncle or cousin) to Cardinal Girolamo Simoncelli (1553)

Education. (No information found).

Early life. At a young age he entered the ecclesiastical state and joined the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem (O.S.Io.Hieros.); he took the name of Giulio as his religious appellation, in honor of his family's benefactor, Pope Julius II. Entered the court of his uncle Cardinal Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte. Archpriest of Perugia.

Sacred orders. Cleric of Perugia.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Perugia, March 5, 1550. Consecrated (no information found). Governor of Norcia e Montagna, December 15, 1550.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the newly established title of S. Maria in Via, December 4, 1551. Resigned the government of the diocese, March 22, 1553. Named administrator of Spoleto at the request of Cosimo de' Medici, duke of Florence, to quell the violent disturbances that had broken out in that city March 22, 1553; deprived by Pope Paul IV in 1555. Legate in the cities of Ascoli and Rieti, February 16, 1554. Participated in the first conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Marcellus II. Participated in the second conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Paul IV. Opted for the title of S. Bartolomeo all'Isola, May 29, 1555. When Pope Paul IV learned that the cardinal had warned his brother Ascanio of the pope's orders to arrest him for having been secretly in communication with agents of King Felipe II of Spain, the pontiff had Cardinal Della Corgna arrested when he went to participate in the consistory of July 27, 1556; he was taken to Castel Sant'Angelo. Soon, however, Spanish victories in the Roman vicinity required that Paul IV control his hatred of the Spanish king and reach an accommodation with the new reality of the Spanish threat after its victories in the vicinity of Rome; Cardinal Della Corgna was freed and resumed his cardinalitial offices, although he was fined sixty thousand scudi. Opted for the title of S. Stefano al Monte Celio, September 20, 1557. Participated in the conclave of 1559, which elected Pope Pius IV. Governor of Città della Pieve, 1560. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, January 15, 1561 until January 9, 1562. Opted for the title of S. Agata alla Suburra, assigned as a title, May 18, 1562. Named again to the see of Perugia, September 6, 1564. Opted for the title of S. Angelo in Pescheria, deaconry assigned as a title, February 7, 1565. Participated in the conclave of 1565-1566, which elected Pope Pius V. Opted for the title of S. Lorenzo in Lucina, January 30, 1566. Opted for the title of S. Adriano al Foro, deaconry assigned as a title, March 3, 1567. Participated in the conclave of 1572, which elected Pope Gregory XIII. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Albano, as the most senior cardinal priest residing in the Roman Curia, May 5, 1574; because of the new decrees of the Council of Trent which forbade episcopal pluralism, he resigned the government of the diocese of Perugia at this time. Opted for the suburbicarian see of Porto e Santa Rufina, December 5, 1580. Sub-Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals.

Death. March 2 (2), 1583, Rome. Buried in the Chapel Del Monte in the church of S. Pietro in Montorio (3), Rome.

Bibliography. Berton, Charles. Dictionnaire des cardinaux, contenant des notions générales sur le cardinalat, la nomenclature complète ..., des cardinaux de tous less temps et de tous les pays ... les détails biographiques essentiels sur tous les cardinaux ... de longues études sur les cardinaux célèbre ... Paris : J.-P. Migne, 1857 ; Facsimile edition. Farnborough ; Gregg, 1969, col. 760; Burkle-Young, Francis A. and Michael Leopoldo Doerrer. The life of Cardinal Innocenzo del Monte : a scandal in scarlet ; together with materials for a history of the House of Ciocchi del Monte San Savino. Lewiston, NY : E. Mellen Press, 1997. (Renaissance studies, v. 2), pp. 100-105; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 307-309; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, cols. 1590-1591; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 14; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 32, 56, 57, 61, 67, 71, 72, 272 and 303; Weber, Christoph. Legati e governatori dello Stato Pontificio : 1550-1809. Roma : Ministero per i beni culturali e ambientali, Ufficio centrale per i beni archivistici, 1994. (Pubblicazioni degli archivi di Stato. Sussidi; 7) pp. 120, 202, 311, 341 and 626.

Webgraphy. Biography by Irene Fosi Polverini, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 36 (1988), Treccani; biography, in Norwegian, Annas Rom Guide; his portrait (1700-1799), diocese of Perugia-Città della Pieve, Beni Ecclesiastici in Web (BeWeb); his arms, Araldica Vaticana; and his tomb in the church of S. Pietro in Montorio, Rome, Requiem Datenbank.

(1) This is according to Burkle-Young, The life of Cardinal Innocenzo del Monte, p. 100; and to his biography in Norwegian, linked above. Weber, Legati e governatori dello Stato Pontificio : 1550-1809, p. 626, says that his name was Ferocia della Corgna. His biography in Italian, linked above, says that his name was Francesco, called Francia.
(2) This is according to Berton, Dictionnaire des cardinaux, col. 760; to his epitaph in note 3; and to his biography in Norwegian, linked above; Eubel, Hiearchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, III, 32 and 57; Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 14, says that he died on March 11, 1583.
(3) This is the text of his epitaph transcribed by Agostino Oldoini, Athenaevm romanvm in qvo svmmorvm pontificvm, ac psevdopontificvm, nec non S.R.E. cardinalivm et psevdocard. scripta publicè exponuntur studio Avgvstini Oldoini Societ. Iesv erectvm et sub patrocinio Ivlii card. Spinolæ euulgatum. Farnborough : Gregg International, 1969, 1676. Responsibility: Sebastiani Zechini, 1676. Facsimile reprint of 1st ed., Pervsiae: Ex typographia Cameralia, apud Hæredes Sebastiani Zecchini. Superiorum permissu. 1676, p. 259:

D. O. M. FVLVIVS CORNEVS EPISCOPVS PORTVENSIS CARDINALIS PERVSINVS SACELLVM HOC AB ANTONIO DE MONTE, ET A IVLIO III. PONT. MAX. AVVNCVLO SVO EXORNATVM IN SVI CORPORIS SEPVLTVRAM ELIGENS ANNVO PERPETVO REDDITV PRO ORNAMENTIS ALTARI SVBMINISTRANDIS DVOBVSQUE ANNIVERSARIIS PRO SVA ET EIVSDEM. ANTONII DE MONTE ANIMA CELEBRANDIS OBIIT DIE II. MARTII MDLXXXIII. ÆTATIS. SVÆ LXVI.

(5) 3. SARACENI, Giovanni Michele (1498-1568)

Birth. December 1, 1498, Naples. Of a noble family. The family used to be known by the appellative Garifalca. His last name is also listed as Sarraceno. Relative of Cardinal Fabio Mignanelli (1551).

Education. "... potè ne'gravi studi far lieti progressi..." (he made pleasant progress in his important studies) (1). (No further educational information found).

Early life. Archpriest of Torella.

Sacred orders. (No information found).

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Acerena e Matera. Consecrated, March 23, 1536, at the chapel of the consecrator, Rome, by Cardinal Antonio San Severino assisted by Lorenzo Santarelli, bishop of Pult, and by Giacomo Poncetti, bishop of Molfetta. Participated in the Council of Trent, 1546-1549. Appointed by the Sacred College of Cardinals administrator of the city of Rome for the duration of the sede vacante, November 11, 1549; confirmed in his post by Pope Julius III, December 29, 1550. Named vice-camerlengo of the Church, October 9, 1551.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the title of S. Maria in Aracoeli, December 4, 1551. Abbot commendatario of Banzi, 1553. Participated in the first conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Marcellus II. Participated in the second conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Paul IV. Opted for the title of S. Anastasia, March 24, 1557. Participated in the conclave of 1559, which elected Pope Pius IV; left the conclave early on December 25, 1559, before the final vote was taken; he knew that Cardinal Giovanni Angelo de' Medici would be elected within a few hours, and thought his vote was not necessary for the outcome. Administrator of the diocese of Lecce, September 13, 1560; resigned the post, November 29, 1560, in favor of his nephew Annibale Saraceni. Charged with the revision of the acts of the Council of Trent. Member of the Supreme S.C. of the Holy Office. Together with Cardinals Giovanni Battista Cicala and Gianbernardino Scotti, Theat., charged with solving the dispute between the Lateran Regular Canons and the Benedictine monks of Monte Cassino; the decision favored the former. One of the members of the commission of eight cardinals that discussed and examined the cause against Cardinal Carlo Carafa. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, January 9, 1562 until January 30, 1563. Opted for the title of S. Agata alla Suburra, deaconry assigned as a title, February 7, 1565. Opted for the title of S. Maria in Trastevere, November 7, 1565. Participated in the conclave of 1565-1566, which elected Pope Pius V. Opted for the order of bishops and the suburbicarian see of Sabina, October 7, 1566.

Death. April 27, 1568, Rome. Buried under the pavement of the church of S. Maria sopra Minerva (2), Rome. Later, his remains were transferred to the church of S. Maria a Formello, Naples, and buried in his family's tomb.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 309-310; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, cols. 1591-1592; Del Re, Niccolò. Monsignor governatore di Roma. Rome : Istituto di Studi Romani Editore, 1972, p. 83; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 32, 58, 59, 66, 72, 94 and 224-225.

Webgraphy. His arms and biography, in Italian, archdiocese of Acerenza; his episcopal lineage by Charles N. Bransom, Jr., in English, Apostolic Succession in the Roman Catholic Church.

(1) Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IV, 309.
(2) This is the text of his epitaph transcribed by Ferdinando Ughelli in Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 1592: D. O. M. IOANN. MICHAEL. EPISCOPVS. SABINIENSIS. CARD. SARACENVS. NEAPOL. ANNVM. AGENS. LXIX. MENS. V. D. XXVII. OBIIT. V. KAL. MAII. MDLXVIII.

(6) 4. RICCI, Giovanni (1498-1574)

Birth. November 1, 1498 (1), Montepulciano. Son of Pietro Antonio Ricci. Di chiaro sangue (Of clear blood) (2). Another cardinal of the family was Francesco Ricci (1743).

Education. (No information found).

Early life. Went to Rome when he was 15 years old to escape the mistreatment and insults of his stepmother. Protected by Tarugi, a nobleman from Montepulciano and great friend of his father, who was not able to convince him to return home. Entered the court of Cardinal Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, future Pope Julius III, as assistant of the master of chamber; at the death of the latter, he was named to his post. Later, he entered the service of Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, iuniore, grandson and primary cardinal-nephew of Pope Paul III. He was charged with several delicate diplomatic missions to France and the Duchy of Burgundy; he accomplished them with considerable success. He then entered the ecclesiastical state. Protonotary apostolic participantium. Cleric of the Apostolic Chamber, 1542. Apostolic collector in Portugal. Internuncio in Spain. Internuncio in Austria.

Sacred orders. (No information found).

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Siponto (Manfredonia), June 25, 1544. Consecrated (no information found). Nuncio in Portugal, June 27, 1544 to March 4, 1550; he was not able to enter Lisbon until September 1545. Transferred to the see of Chiusi, with the title of archbishop ad personam, February 20, 1545. Abbot commendatario of S. Sabino de Monterono, Pisa.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the title of S. Vitale, Gervasio e Protasio, December 4, 1551. Resigned the government of the see before November 19, 1554. Participated in the first conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Marcellus II. Participated in the second conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Paul IV. Participated in the conclave of 1559, which elected Pope Pius IV. Administrator of the newly erected see of Montepulciano, November 10, 1561; resigned the post before January 9, 1562. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, January 30, 1563 until 1564. Participated in the conclave of 1565-1566, which elected Pope Pius V. Opted for the title of S. Angelo in Pescheria, deaconry assigned as a title, January 30, 1566. Opted for the title of S. Maria in Trastevere, October 7, 1566. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Pisa, September 3, 1567. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Albano, July 3, 1570. Participated in the conclave of 1572, which elected Pope Gregory XIII. Opted for the suburbicarian see of Sabina, April 8, 1573.

Death. May 3, 1574, Rome. Buried in the sacristy (3) of the church of S. Pietro in Montorio (4), Rome, only a few steps from the tomb of Cardinal Innocenzo Ciocchi del Monte.

Bibliography. Biaudet, Henry. Les nonciatures apostoliques permanentes jusqu'en 1648. Helsinki ; Suomalainen tiedeakatemia, 1910, p. 99; Burkle-Young, Francis A. and Michael Leopoldo Doerrer. The life of Cardinal Innocenzo del Monte : a scandal in scarlet ; together with materials for a history of the House of Ciocchi del Monte San Savino. Lewiston, NY : E. Mellen Press, 1997. (Renaissance studies, v. 2), n. 577, pp. 162-163; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 310-314; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 1592-1593; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 32, 56, 58, 66, 71, 72, 171, 249, 274 and 300-301.

Webgraphy. Brief biographical data, in English; his portrait by Scipione Pulzone, Palazzo Barberini, Rome, Bridgeman; and his relation with the Villa Medicis, in French.

(1) This is according to Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 1592; his brief biographical data in English, linked above, says that he was born in 1497.
(2) Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IV, 310.
(3) This is according to Burkle-Young, The life of Cardinal Innocenzo Ciocchi del Monte, n. 577, p. 162; Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IV, 314, indicates that he was buried in the splendid chapel that he had built in that church.
(4) This is the text of his epitaph transcribed from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 1592: IOANNIS. RICCIVS. POLITIANVS. S. R. E. PRESB. CARD. S. VIATLIS. MEMOR. OFFICII. SVI. SACELLVM. HOC. DEO. DICATVM. QVO. MONENATVR. OMNES. INTER. HVMANA. NEGOCIA. ANTIQVISS. DEI. QVRAM. HABEND. PON. CVR. ANN. SAL. MDLXIII

(7) 5. MERCURIO, Giovanni Andrea (1518-1568)

Birth. 1518, Messina, Sicily. Of oscuri, e poveri genitori (obscure and poor parents) (1).

Education. "... dotato di erudizione, e di abilità singolare nel comporre le epistole, e trascrivirle con ben formato, e nitido carattere..." (equipped with erudition, and singular ability in composing epistles, and transcribing them in very good format, and clear characters) (2). (No further educational information found).

Early life. Worked with the notary of the archdiocese of Messina; because of an incident with the notary, he decided to go to Rome when he was still a young man. Entered the court of Cardinal Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte and was his minoribus secretarius.

Sacred orders. Cleric of Messina.

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Siponto (Manfredonia), February 20, 1545. Consecrated, September 20, 1545, 17th Sunday after Pentecost, at the patriarchal Lateran basilica, Rome, by Bernardo Bongiovanni, bishop of Camerino, assisted by Philo de Roverella, bishop of Ascoli Piceno, and by Jacques Coriesius, bishop of Vaison. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Messina, May 30, 1550.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the title of S. Barbara, December 4, 1551. Opted for the title of S. Ciriaco alle Terme, August 18, 1553. Participated in the first conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Marcellus II. Participated in the second conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Paul IV. Participated in the conclave of 1559, which elected Pope Pius IV. Opted for the title of S. Marcello, January 19, 1560.

Death. February 2, 1561, at 2 p.m., in the Apostolic Palace, Rome. Buried in the church of S. Marcello, Rome.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 317-318; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 1594; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 32, 60. 63, 65, 242 and 301.

(1) Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IV, 317.
(2) Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IV, 317.

(8) 6. PUTEO, Giacomo (1495-1563)

Birth. February 13, 1495 (1), Mallorca (?) (2), Spain. Of a noble family. Son of Antoni del Pozzo (from Nice, native of Alessandria, Piedmont) and Praxedis Berard i Caulelles. He is also listed as Jacobo de Puteo, Puteus, Giacomo del Pozzo, Jacopo Puteo, Jaume Pou i Berard, or Jacques Dupuy.

Education. Studied at the University of Bologna, where he earned a doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law.

Early life. He was granted several ecclesiastical benefices in Mallorca. Went to Rome and became auditor of Cardinal Pietro Accolti. Named auditor of the Sacred Roman Rota in the pontificate of Pope Paul III; occupied the post for fifteen years and later became its dean.

Sacred orders. Cleric of Nice.

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Bari, April 18, 1550. Consecrated (no information found). Never visited the archdiocese.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the newly established title of S. Simeon in Posterula, December 4, 1551. Participated in the first conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Marcellus II. Participated in the second conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Paul IV. Opted for the title of S. Maria in Via, May 29, 1555. In the pontificate of Pope Paul IV, he was named prefect of the Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature of Justice and of Grace, member of the Supreme S.C. of the Holy Office, protector of the Kingdom of Poland and of the Sovereign Order of Malta. Together with Cardinal Giovanni Battista Cicala, charged with examining abolishing the alienation of ecclesiastical patrimony done against the constitution of Pope Paul II. Participated in the conclave of 1559, which elected Pope Pius IV. Participated in the preparation of the Council of Trent; and decidedly supported the Catholic reformation. In 1561, named one of the legates of the Council of Trent; his health and age did not allow him to travel to the council. Resigned the government of the archdiocese in favor of his nephew Antonio del Pozzo, December 16, 1562.

Death. April 26, 1563, Rome. Buried in front of the steps of the main altar in the church of S. Maria sopra Minerva, Rome (3).

Bibliography. Beltrami, Giuseppe. Notizie su prefetti e referendari della Segnatura Apostolica desunte dai brevi di nomina. Città del Vaticano, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1972, p. 4; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 314-315; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, cols.1593-1594 ; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 32, 67, 70 and 129.

(1) This is according to his epitaph in Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 1594, which says that he lived 68 years, 2 months and 13 days; his biography in English, linked above, says that he was born ca.1497; Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IV, 315, says that he died at 69 anni non compiti (not having completed 69 years) in 1563, thus he would have been born in 1495.
(2) This is according to his biography in English, linked above; Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IV, 314, indicates that he was from Alessandria but had been born in Nizza della Provenza.
(3) This is the text of his epitaph transcribed by Ferdinando Ughelli in Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, cols. 1593-1594: D. O. M. IACOBO. PVTEO. NICIENSI. S. R. E. PRESBYT. CARD. PRÆCIPVO. AC. INTEGERRIMO. VIRO. SVMMAM. I. V. SCIENTIAM. ITA. CVM. SVMMA. PROBITATE. CONIVNXIT. VT. VNVS. REIPVBLICÆ. CONSTITVENDA. DISCIPLINAQ. VETERIS.REVOCANDÆ. PRÆCIPVVS. AVCTOR. VOTIS. BONORVM. EXPETER. ETVR. VIXIT. ANNOS. LXVIII. MENS. II. DIES. XIII. ANTONIVS. PVTEVS. ARCHIEPISCOPVS. BARENSIS. NEPOS. POSVIT.

Links. Biography, in English.

(9) 7. CAMPEGGIO, Alessandro (1504-1554)

Birth. April 12, 1504, Bologna. Son of Cardinal Lorenzo Campeggio (1517), who was married and had five children before entering the ecclesiastical state after the death of his wife, Francesca Guastavillani. The family also gave the Church three nuncios and twelve bishops. His last name is also listed as Campeggi.

Education. Educated at home, studied Italian letters, Latin, Greek, philosophy and religion.

Episcopate. Constituted bishop elect of Bologna, March 19, 1526; administrator until he reached the canonical age of 27. Granted prorogation to receive the sacred orders and the episcopal consecration, December 11, 1529; again in August 24, 1539; and again, April 10, 1540; granted license to receive them, July 19, 1541.

Priesthood. Ordained a priest and consecrated a bishop, July 31, 1541, church of S. Michele in Bosco, near Bologna, by Ottaviano de Castello, bishop of San Leone and vicar of Cardinal Giovanni Salviati for Ferrara, assisted by Agostino Zanetti, titular bishop of Sebaste and auxiliary of Bologna, and by a Recollect Franciscan (Zoccolanti) bishop. Nominated vice-legate in Avignon, October 15, 1541; arrived in Carpentras, November 10, 1542; remained in the post until 1544. Cleric of the Apostolic Chamber, August 14, 1544. Hosted in his own palace the conciliar fathers when the council was moved from Trent to Bologna, March 12, 1547 until November 10, 1549.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the title of S. Lucia in Silice, deaconry elevated pro illa vice to title, December 4, 1551. Resigned the government of the diocese in favor of his cousin Giovanni Campeggio, March 6, 1553.

Death. September 21, 1554, Rome. Buried in his father's tomb in the church of S. Maria in Trastevere, Rome.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 315-317; Centa, Claudio. Una dinastia episcopale nel Cinquecento: Lorenzo, Tommaso e Filippo Maria Campeggi, Vescovi di Feltre 1512-1584. 2 vols. Roma : Centro liturgico vincenziano, 2004. (Chiesa e storia ; 2); Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 1594-1595; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 32, 73 and 136; Katterbach, Bruno. Referendarii utriusque Signaturae a Martino V ad Clementem IX et Praelati Signaturae Supplicationum a Martino V ad Leonem XIII. Città del Vaticano 1931. (Studi e Testi 55), p. 85; Meluzzi, Luciano. I vescovi e gli arcivescovi di Bologna. Bologna : Grafica Emiliana, 1975 (Collana storico-ecclesiastica, 3), pp. 379-382; Weber, Christoph. Legati e governatori dello Stato Pontificio : 1550-1809. Roma : Ministero per i beni culturali e ambientali, Ufficio centrale per i beni archivistici, 1994. (Pubblicazioni degli archivi di Stato. Sussidi; 7) pp. 132 and 540.

Webgraphy. Biography by Adriano Prosperi, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 17 (1974), Treccani; his portrait and arms, Araldica Vaticana; his portrait and arms (1925), archdiocese of Bologna, Beni Ecclesiastici in Web (BeWeb).

(10) 8. BERTANI, O.P., Pietro (1501-1558)

Birth. November 4, 1501 (1), Nonatola. Of an illustrious family from Modena. Son of Francesco Bertani and Bianca Calori.

Education. Entered the Order of Preachers (Dominicans) at a very young age. Studied under Tommaso Badia, O.P., future cardinal.

Priesthood. Ordained to the priesthood (no further information found). Lector of theology in Bologna; later in Ferrara; and finally in Venice. Distinguished himself in the general chapter of his order held in Bologna because of his eloquence and theological knowledge especially on the works of St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas. Preached throughout the most important cities of Italy. Theologian of Cardinal Ercole Gonzaga.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Fano, November 28, 1537. Consecrated (no information found). Participated in the Council of Trent from February 4, 1546 until March 3, 1547. In 1546, he was sent by the conciliar fathers as envoy before the emperor and the pope to solve the disagreement concerning the city selected, Bologna, to continue the celebration of the council. Called to the Roman Curia, March 29, 1547. Charged with obtaining the restitution to the Holy See of the duchy of Camerino from Guidobaldo, duke of Urbino; accomplished his mission with success. Extraordinary nuncio before the emperor, June 9, 1548 until August 1550, to obtain the restitution of Piacenza and to calm the disturbance occasioned because of the violent death of Pierluigi Farnese, cousin of the Duke of Parma, which ad occurred on September 10, 1546. He was also instrumental in the successful resolution of the differences between Emperor Charles V and the Duke of Saxony. Pope Paul III intended to promote him to the cardinalate but died before he could effect the nomination.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the title of Ss. Marcellino e Pietro, December 4, 1551. Participated in the first conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Marcellus II. Participated in the second conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Paul IV.

Death. March 8, 1558, of arthritis which caused him great pains, Rome. Buried next to the chapel del Crocefisso in the Dominican church of S. Sabina, Rome (2).

Bibliography. Bernabei, Nicola. Vita del Cardinale Giovanni Morone, vescovo di Modena e biografie dei Cardinali Modenesi e di Casa d'Este, dei cardinali vescovi di Modena e di quelli educati in questo Collegio di San Carlo. Modena : Tipografica Rossi, 1885, pp. 193-198; Biaudet, Henry. Les nonciatures apostoliques permanentes jusqu'en 1648. Helsinki ; Suomalainen tiedeakatemia, 1910, p. 101; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 318-320; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 1595; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 32, 65 and 194.

Webgraphy. His tomb in the church of S. Sabina, Rome; his epitaph; and closer view of the medallion in his tomb, Requiem Datendbank.

(1) This is according to Bernabei, Vita del Cardinale Giovanni Morone, vescovo di Modena e biografie dei Cardinali Modenesi e di Casa d'Este, dei cardinali vescovi di Modena e di quelli educati in questo Collegio di San Carlo, p. 193; according to his epitaph, transcribed in note 2 from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II. col. 1595, and linked above, he died in 1568 and lived 56 years, 2 months and 4 days, therefore, from the date of his death, he could have been born on January 5, 1502.
(2) This is the text of his epitaph taken from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II. col. 1595, and also linked above: D. O. M. PETRI. BERTANI. MVTINENSIS. CARD. CORPVS. HIC. SITVM. EST.QVI. CVM. ADVLECENS. IN. D. DOMINICI. FAMILIAM. NOMEM. DEDISSET. DOCTRINÆ. ET. VISTUTIS. ERGO. FACTVS. EST. EPISCOPVS. FANEN. TVM. A. PAVLO. III. NVNTIVS. MISSVS. AD. CAROLVS. V. DVOBVS. MEMORIÆ. NOSTRÆ. PRVDENTISS. PRINCIPIBVS. INCREDIBILITER. SATISFECIT. A. IULIO. III. IN. CARDINALIVM. COLEGIVM. ADIECTVS. SVB. PAVLO. IIII. MORTALITATEM. IMMORTALITATE. MVTAVIT. BENE. PRECARE. QVISQVIS. ES. ITA. TIBI. QVOQ. ALII. BENE. PRECENTVR. VIXIT. A. LVI. M. II. D. IV. OBIIT. ANNO. SALVTIS. M. D. L. VIII. GVRONVS. FRATER. FRATRI. VITA. CARIORI. P.

(11) 9. MIGNANELLI, Fabio (1496-1557)

Birth. 1496 (1), Siena. Of a patrician family. Son of Pietro Paolo Mignanelli and Onorata Saraceni. Relative of Cardinals Giovanni Michele Saraceni (1551) and Gianantonio Capizucchi (1555).

Education. Attended the University of Siena, where he earned a doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law.

Early life. Professor at the University of Siena. Went to Rome and became consistorial lawyer in 1533. Married Antonina Capodiferro, sister of Cardinal Girolamo, and had a son (2); when she died, he entered the ecclesiastical state after having been granted by the grand penitentiary dispensation of accusations of bigamy and criminal irregularities. Went to a mission in Venice in 1537 to ask that republic to abandon its alliance with the Turks and participate in the war against them. Sent to Emperor Charles V in October 1537 to present the brief of Pope Paul III for the second postponement of the council. In the Spring of 1538, he was part of the papal entourage to the congress of Nice; and shortly after, to the meeting between the pope and the emperor in Genève. Nuncio before Ferdinand I, king of the Romans, September 3 (3), 1538 to April 1539. Auditor of the Sacred Roman Rota, 1540. Protonotary apostolic. Domestic prelate of His Holiness.

Sacred orders. Cleric of Siena.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Lucera, November 15, 1540. Consecrated (no information found). Governor and vice-legate of Bologna, April 14, 1541. Nuncio in Venice, July 22, 1543; recalled, August 2, 1544. Nuncio before Ferdinand I, king of the Romans, March 12, 1545; participated in the Diet of Worms, where he arrived on April 2, 1545; returned to Rome the following August. Participated in the opening of the Council of Trent, December 13, 1545. Vice-legate in Marche, 1546. Nuncio before Emperor Charles V to inform him about different events, September 20, 1546. Vice-legate in Ascoli, 1548. Vice-legate in Marche again, June 9, 1550. Provost of the church of the Blessed Virgin of Castro Casulano and of the Camaldolese monastery of S. Vigilio, June 9, 1551. Commissary for the custody of the Adriatic ports, June 10, 1551.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the title of S. Silvestro in Capite, December 4, 1551. Prefect of the Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature of Justice. Legate a latere to pacify Siena and in pace conservandos, August 13, 1552. Resigned the government of the diocese, May 17, 1553. Administrator of Grosseto, May 17, 1553; resigned in favor of his nephew, Giacomo Mignanelli, October 2, 1553. Named by Pope Julius III prefect of the Papal States. Participated in the first conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Marcellus II. Participated in the second conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Paul IV. Opted for the title of Ss. Giovanni e Paolo, June 12, 1556.

Death. August 10, 1557, Rome. Buried in the church of S. Maria della Pace, Rome.

Bibliography. Biaudet, Henry. Les nonciatures apostoliques permanentes jusqu'en 1648. Helsinki ; Suomalainen tiedeakatemia, 1910, p. 102; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 322-323; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. ; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 32, 63, 70, 206 and 229; Katterbach, Bruno. Referendarii utriusque Signaturae a Martino V ad Clementem IX et Praelati Signaturae Supplicationum a Martino V ad Leonem XIII. Città del Vaticano 1931. (Studi e Testi 55), pp. 99-100; Squicciarini, Donato. Nunzi apostolici a Vienna. Città del Vaticano : Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1998, pp. 40-42; Weber, Christoph. Legati e governatori dello Stato Pontificio : 1550-1809. Roma : Ministero per i beni culturali e ambientali, Ufficio centrale per i beni archivistici, 1994. (Pubblicazioni degli archivi di Stato. Sussidi; 7) pp. 120, 284, 285 and 780.

(1) This is according to Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 1596; and Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IV, 323, who says that he died in 1557 at the age of 61; Squicciarini, Nunzi apostolici a Vienna, p. 40; and his biography in German, linked above, indicate that he was born in 1486.
(2) This is according to Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IV, 322; and Squicciarini, Nunzi apostolici a Vienna, p. 40; Weber, Legati e governatori dello Stato Pontificio : 1550-1809, p. 780, indicates that they had several children.
(3) This is according to Katterbach, Referendarii utriusque Signaturae, p. 99; Biaudet, Les nonciatures apostoliques permanentes jusqu'en 1648, p. 102, says that he was named in November 1538.

(12) 10. POGGIO, Giovanni (1493-1556)

Birth. January 26, 1493, Bologna. Son of Cristoforo Poggio and Francesca Mantuana. His last name is also listed as Poggi.

Education. "... ben introdutto nello studio delle scienze non meno gravi, che umane..." (well introduced in the study of sciences not less serious, than human) (1).

Early life. He was married and had several children; after the death of his wife in 1528, he entered the ecclesiastical state in Bologna. Named by Pope Paul III protonotary apostolic and treasurer of the Apostolic Chamber. Nuncio in Spain, July 1529 to January 1535; nuncio residing in Madrid (2), January 1535 to July 1537; nuncio in Spain again, July 1537 to March 1541.

Sacred orders. Received the minor orders.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Tropea, October 4 (3), 1541; administered the diocese through vicars general because he was away in his nunciature. Consecrated (no information found). Nuncio in Spain and collector apostolic in that kingdom, September 1541 to December 1551. Participated in the Congress of Bonn, 1544. Asked by Pope Julius III to convince Francisco de Borja, future saint and superior general of the Society of Jesus, to accept the promotion to the cardinalate; his efforts were unsuccessful. Emperor Charles V asked the pope to promote the nuncio to the cardinalate.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the title of S. Anastasia, March 23, 1552. Legate a latere in Spain, December 1551 to March 1553. Participated in the first conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Marcellus II. Participated in the second conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Paul IV. Resigned the government of the see in favor of his nephew Giovanni Matteo di Lucchi, bishop of Ancona, February 6, 1556.

Death. February 12, 1556, Bologna, of an illness he contracted in that city. Buried in his chapel in the Augustinian church of S. Jacopo, Bologna.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 323-325; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 1597-1598; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 32, 59 and 320.

(1) Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, IV, 233.
(2) At the same time, Giovanni Guidiccione, bishop of Fossombrone, was nuncio before the king.
(3) This is according to Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, III, 320; his biography in Italian, linked above, says that he was named on October 8, 1541.

(13) 11. CICALA, Giovanni Battista (1510-1570)

Birth. June 6, 1510, Genoa. Of a noble family related to the Cybo, Doria and Lomellini families. Son of Edoardo Cicala. His last name is also listed as Cicada.

Education. Studied letters and religion under Odoardo Cicala, future bishop of Sagona in Corsica. Had the title of magister.

Early life. Went to Rome and was named referendary of the Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature. Abbreviatore of apostolic letters, September 2, 1535. Auditor of the Apostolic Chamber, March 8, 1540 until 1551; had Ugo Boncompagni, future Pope Gregory XIII, as his assessor.

Sacred orders. (No information found).

Episcopate. Named administrator of the see of Albenga, retaining the office of auditor, December 5, 1543. Consecrated, Friday December 21, 1543, at the Sistine Chapel, Rome (no further information found). Arrived at the Council of Trent, January 13, 1547.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the title of S. Clemente, December 4, 1551. Archdeacon in commendam of Siracusa, 1561. Legate in Campanga, March 13, 1553. Resigned the administration of the diocese in favor of his nephew Carlo Cicala, March 30, 1554. Administrator of the see of Mariana, Corsica, March 30, 1554; resigned the post in favor of his relative Nicola Cicala September 13, 1560. Participated in the first conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Marcellus II. Participated in the second conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Paul IV. Participated in the conclave of 1559, which elected Pope Pius IV. Together with Cardinals Giovanni Michele Saraceni and Gianbernardino Scotti, Theat., charged with solving the dispute between the Lateran Regular Canons and the Benedictine monks of Monte Cassino; the decision favored the former. Administrator of the see of Sagona, 1565 until 1567 (1). Opted for the title of S. Agata in Suburra, November 7, 1565. Participated in the conclave of 1565-1566, which elected Pope Pius V. Named in place of Cardinal Michele Bonelli, O.P. to examine the cause of canonization of Diego di S. Nicola, O.Min., 1567. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Sabina, April 30, 1568; he was absent because of illness.

Death. April 8 (2), 1570, in the evening, Rome. His solemn funeral took place in the chapel of S. Lucia in the church of S. Maria del Popolo, Rome, where he was later buried (3).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 325-330; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 1598-1599; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 33, 58, 62, 72, 101, 234 and 288; Katterbach, Bruno. Referendarii utriusque Signaturae a Martino V ad Clementem IX et Praelati Signaturae Supplicationum a Martino V ad Leonem XIII. Città del Vaticano 1931. (Studi e Testi 55), pp. 97; Weber, Christoph. Legati e governatori dello Stato Pontificio : 1550-1809. Roma : Ministero per i beni culturali e ambientali, Ufficio centrale per i beni archivistici, 1994. (Pubblicazioni degli archivi di Stato. Sussidi; 7) pp. 179 and 579; Zedler, Johann Heinrich, and Carl Günther Ludovici. Grosses vollständiges Universal-Lexicon aller Wissenschafften und Künste. 64 v. Graz, Adakemische Druck, 1961- . Reprint. Originially published : Halle : J. H. Zedler, 1732-50. Vols. 19-64 ed. by Carl Günther Ludovici, XXXIII, 593.

Webgraphy. His engraving, arms and biography, in English, Wikipedia; biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; his engraving and arms, Araldica Vaticana; his portrait (1600-1649), archdiocese of Genoa, Beni Ecclesiastici in Web (BeWeb); his tomb in the church of S. Maria del Popolo, Rome, Australian National University; another view of his tomb, Australian National University; his tomb, Requiem Datenbank.

(1) Zedler, Grosses vollständiges Universal-Lexicon aller Wissenschafften und Künste, XXXIII, 593, includes him in the catalog of bishops of Sagona indicating that he occupied the see from 1551 to 1552; neither Eubel nor Gams in their catalogs of this see mention him.
(2) This is according to his epitaph, transcribed in note 2 from the photographs linked above; Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, III, 33, says that he died on April 7, 1570, but on the same page, note 2, indicates, citing Acta camerarii, 10 f. 63: 1570 Apr. 7 nocte, quae hunc diem subsecuta est (the night that followed that day).
(3) This is the text of his epitaph taken from the photographs linked above:

IO. BAPTISTÆ. CICADÆ. GENVEN. EPISCOPO. SABINEN. S. R. E. CADRDINALI. S. CLEMENTIS. VIRO. INGENII. ACVMINE. ET. UBERTATE. CONSILII. ADMIRABILI. OMNIVM. OFFICIOSISS. IVR. RERVMQVE. VRBANARVM. ET. FORENSIVM. VSV. AC. INTELLIGENTIA. PERITISS. LIBERTATIS. ECCLESIASTICÆ. DEFESORIS. STVDIOSS. CAROLUS. CICADA. EPISC. ALBINGANEN. HAERES. EX. TESTAMENTO. PATRVO. B. M. VIX. ANN. LX. OBIIT. DIE. VIII. APRIL. M. D. LXX.

(14) 12. DANDINI, Girolamo (1509-1559)

Birth. 1509, Cesena. Son of Anselmo Dandini and Giovanna Muratini. His last name is also listed as Dandino. Relative of Cardinal Ercole Dandini (1823).

Education. Studied at the University of Bologna, where he obtained a doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law.

Early life. Went to Rome and became secretary to Pope Paul III. Protonotary apostolic.

Sacred orders. Cleric of Caserta.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Caserta, November 14, 1545. Consecrated, Saturday March 21, 1545, at the Sistine chapel, Rome, by Girolamo de Toscanella, bishop of Castro in Lazio, assisted by Luigi Magnasco, bishop of Assisi and by Augustin Stechus, titular bishop of Cisamus. Transferred to the see of Imola, May 17, 1546 until May 11, 1552. Abbot commendatario of S. Firmino, Imola. Nuncio ad interim before Kings François and Henri II of France to negotiate peace and to agree on the celebration of a general council, June 1543 to May 1544. Nuncio ad interim in France to oppose the expansion of Protestantism, July 1546 to September 1547. Internuncio before Emperor Charles V to negotiate the continuation of the Council of Trent and to obtain assistance for the war of Parma and Mirandola. Named commissary general of the papal army.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the title of S. Matteo in Merulana, December 4, 1551. Legate a latere before the emperor to negotiate the peace between him and the king of France. Named secretary of state, post created to remedy the incompetence of Cardinal nipote Innocenzo Ciocchi del Monte. Abbot commendatario of S. Bartolomeo del Bosco, Ferrara. Participated in the first conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Marcellus II. Participated in the second conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Paul IV. Opted for the title of S. Marcello, October 25, 1555. Participated in the conclave of 1559, which elected Pope Pius IV; taken ill, had to leave the conclave on December 3, 1559.

Death. December 4, 1559, in his palace near the church of S. Marcello, Rome. Buried next to the main altar of the church of S. Marcello, Rome (1).

Bibliography. Biaudet, Henry. Les nonciatures apostoliques permanentes jusqu'en 1648. Helsinki ; Suomalainen tiedeakatemia, 1910, p. 100; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 327-330; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 1599; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 33, 65, 67, 155 and 213; Weber, Christoph and Becker, Michael. Genealogien zur Papstgeschichte. 6 v. Stuttgart : Anton Hiersemann, 1999-2002. (Päpste und Papsttum, Bd. 29, 1-6), II, 292.

Webgraphy. Biography by Annna Foa, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 32 (1986), Treccani; his portrait and biography, in Italian, Istituto per i beni artistici culturali e naturali della Regione Emilia-Romagna, Bologna; his tomb in the church of S. Marcello, Rome, Requiem Datenbank; his epitaph, Requien Datenbank; and closer view of his portrait in his tomb, Requien Datenbank.

(1) This is the text of his epitaph taken from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 1599:

D. O. M. HIERONYMO · DANDINO · CÆSENATI S · R · E · PRESBITERO · CARDINALI HVIVSCE · ECCLESIÆ · TITVLARI ET · ORDINIS. PROTECTORI. ANSELMVS · PROTONOTARIVS · APOSTOLICOS · ET · VTRIVSQUE · SIGNATURÆ · REFERENDARIVS PATRVO · OPTIME · MERITO · POS ANNVO · REDDITV · FRATRIBVS · ASSIGNATO VT · PRO · EIVS · ANIMA PRIDIE · NONAS · DECEMBRIS · QVO · DIE · OBIIT · ANNIVERSARIVM · CELEBRARENT OBIIT · MDLIX · ÆTATIS · L

(15) 13. CORNARO, Luigi (1517-1584)

Birth. February 12, 1517, Venice. Eldest of the ten children of Giovanni Cornaro, Venetian senator and procurator, and Adriana Pisani. His first name is also listed as Alvisi; and as Aloysius; and his last name as Cornarus; and as Corner. The other siblings were Francesco; Federico (cardinal, 1585) Giorgio (bishop of Treviso), Marco; Marcantonio; Marietta; another girl; Cornelia; and another girl; the father also had an illegitimate daughter. Grand-nephew of the queen of Cyprus. He was a member of the family's Cornaro della Regina branch in the S. Polo line. Brother of Cardinal Federico Cornaro, seniore, O.S.Io.Hieros. (1585). Nephew of Cardinal Francesco Pisani (1517). Nephew of Cardinals Marco Cornaro (1500); Francesco Cornaro, seniore (1527). Cousin of Cardinal Andrea Cornaro (1544). Uncle of Cardinal Gianfrancesco Morosini (1588). Uncle of Cardinal Francesco Cornaro, iuniore (1596). Grand-uncle of Cardinal Federico Cornaro, iuniore (1626). Another cardinal member of the family was Giorgio Cornaro (1697). Cardinal Giovanni Cornaro (1778) belonged to the San Maurizio branch of the family.

Education. Studied at the University of Padua, where he obtained a doctorate in law.

Early life. Entered Order of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. Named grand prior of Cyprus; resigned the post in favor of his brother Federico Cornaro, future cardinal. He was conclavist of Cardinals François de Tournon and Luigi Pisani in the conclave of 1549-1550.

Sacred orders. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of November 20, 1551; received the red hat and the deaconry of S. Teodoro, December 4, 1551.

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Zadar (Zara), June 25, 1554. Consecrated (no information found); resigned the government of the see in favor of his secretary, Muzio Callini, July 17, 1555. Participated in the first conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Marcellus II. Participated in the second conclave of 1555, which elected Pope Paul IV. Participated in the conclave of 1559, which elected Pope Pius IV. In the pontificate of Pope Pius IV, he was president of the congregation that dealt with the affair of the Carafas. Named administrator of the see of Bergamo, March 13, 1560 (1); resigned in favor of his nephew Federico, January 15, 1561. Administrator of the see of Traù, Dalmatia, January 15, 1561; resigned the post, April 18, 1567. Opted for the order of cardinal priests, February 26, 1561. Opted for the title of S. Marco, June 21, 1564. Participated in the conclave of 1565-1566, which elected Pope Pius V. Opted for the title of S. Vitale, June 2, 1568. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, January 14, 1569 until January 11, 1570. Opted for the title of S. Clemente, February 9, 1569. Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, May 10, 1570 until his death; he bought the post for 70,000 scudi that the pope destined to the war against the Turks. Opted for the title of S. Marco again, June 9, 1570. Actively promoted the league against the Turks, which culminated in the battle of Lepanto, 1571. Participated in the conclave of 1572, which elected Pope Gregory XIII.

Death. May 10, 1584, Ascension day, at 2 p.m., Rome. Buried in the church of S. Maria a Trevi, of the Cruciferos Brothers, Rome (2).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 330-331; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 1599-1600; Dentella, Lorenzo. I vescovi di Bergamo. (Notizie storica). Bergamo : Editrice Sant'Alessandro, 1939, p. 328-330; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 33, 62, 65, 76, 85, 133 and 215; Weber, Christoph and Becker, Michael. Genealogien zur Papstgeschichte. 6 v. Stuttgart : Anton Hiersemann, 1999-2002. (Päpste und Papsttum, Bd. 29, 1-6), I, 268.

Webgraphy. Biography by Paolo Frasson, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 29 (1983), Treccani; biography, in English, Italian Culture and History; his bust by Giuseppe Torretto (1720), patriarchate of Venice, Beni Ecclesiastici in Web (BeWeb); his arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is according to Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, III, 133. Dentella, I vescovi di Bergamo, p. 328, says that he was bishop of Bergamo.
(2) This is the text of his epitaph transcribed by Andrea Vittorelli in Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 1600: D. O. M. ALOYSIO. COERNELIO. VENETO. TIT. S. MARCI. PRESBYTERO. CARDINALI. S. R. E. CAMERARIO. VIXIT. ANN. LXVII. MENSES. DVOS. DIES. XXVIII. OBIIT. VI. IDVS. MAII. MDLXXXIV.

(16) 14. PIGHINI, Sebastiano Antonio (1500-1553)

Birth. September 17, 1500, Arceto, near Scandiano, diocese of Reggio. Son of Grazio Pighini and Caterina Vigarani. His last name is also listed as Pelgini.

Education. Studied law.

Early life. Cleric of Reggio. Canon of the cathedral chapter of Capua. Auditor of the Sacred Roman Rota. Chaplain of His Holiness. Internuncio before Emperor Charles V.

Sacred orders. (No information found).

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Alife, August 27, 1546. Consecrated, December 21, 1546, at the cathedral of Trent, by Cardinal Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, bishop of Palestrina, legate to the Council of Trent. Arrived at the Council of Trent, January 13, 1547; president of the council during its celebration in Bologna, March 12, 1547 until November 10, 1549. Transferred to the see of Ferentino, June 4, 1548 (1). Promoted to the metropolitan see of Siponto (Manfredonia), May 30, 1550. Nuncio before Emperor Charles V, August 1550 to April 1551. Datary of His Holiness, 1550 to 1552.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest and reserved in pectore in the consistory of November 20, 1551; published in the consistory of May 30, 1552; received the red hat and the title of S. Callisto, June 27, 1552. Papal vicar over all the tribunals of Rome. Named administrator of the see of Adria, December 11, 1553 (?).

Death. November 23, 1553 (2), Rome. Buried in the church of S. Maria del Popolo, Rome (3).

Bibliography. Biaudet, Henry. Les nonciatures apostoliques permanentes jusqu'en 1648. Helsinki ; Suomalainen tiedeakatemia, 1910, p. 101; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, IV, 320-322; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, cols. 1595-1596; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, III, 33, 95, 104, 195 and 301; Gams, Pius Bonifatius. Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae, quotquot innotuerunt a beato Petro apostolo. A multio adjutus ed. p. Pius Bonifacius Gams ... Leipzig : K.W. Hiersemann, 1931. 2 v. in 1. Vol. 2 has title, ... qua series, quae apparuit 1873 completur et continuatur ab anno ca. 1870 ad 20. febr. 1885, pp. 691, 769, 847 and 924; Storti, Nicola. La storia e il diritto della Dataria Apostolica dalle origini ai nostri giorni. Napoli : Athena Mediterranea Editrice, 1969, p. 168.

Webgraphy. Portrait and biography, in Italian; and his epitaph in the church of S. Maria del Popolo, Rome, Requiem Datenbank.

(1) This is according to Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, III, 195; Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae, p. 691 and 847, says that he was transferred on July 3, 1548.
(2) This is according to Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi, III, 33 and 95, but this same source gives December 11, 1553 as the date in which he was named administrator of Adria; Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae, p. 769, says that he was elected bishop of Adria on December 11, 1553 and died on November 22, 1554; and on p. 924, says that he died on November 22, 1553 and adds that other sources, which he does not mention, say that he died in 1554; his epitaph, transcribed in note 2, says that he died on kal. decembris (December 1) of 1553; the two photos of his epitaph, linked above, show an X between the year MDLIII and KAL. DECEMBRIS. The X is so close to the year that it suggests the possibility of having been an addition. But that number X (ten) confirms the date of his death as November 23, 1553.
(3) This is the text of his epitaph transcribed by Ferdinando Ughelli in Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 1596: D. O. M. SEBASTIANO. PIGHINO. DE. REGIO. LEPIDI. IVRIS. CONSVLTO. XII. VIRO. LITIBVS. DICANDIS. EPISCOPO. HADRIENSI. ROMANÆ. SEDIS. HIS. AD. CAROLVM. QVINTVM. AVG. INTERNVNCIO. SYNODI. TRIDENTINÆ. PRÆSIDI. S. R. E. PRESB. CARD. SVPPLICVM. LIBELLORVM. QVI. AD. GRATIAM. SPECTANT. COGNOTORI. SVPER. OMNIA. VRBANA. TRIBVNALIA. VIC. IVLI. III. DISCEPTATORI. STEPHANVS. PIGHINVS. FRATRI. P. M. VIXIT. ANN. LIII. M. II. DIES. V. OBIIT. ANNO. MDLIII. KAL. DECEMBRIS.

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