Paulkerrite (original) (raw)

A valid IMA mineral species

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About PaulkerriteHide

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Formula:

K(Mg,Mn2+)2(Fe3+,Al,Ti,Mg)2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2O

Colour:

Colorless to very light yellow-brown

Lustre:

Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Name:

Named by Donald Peacor, Pete Dunn, and William Simmons in honor of Paul Francis Kerr [January 12, 1897 Helmet, California, USA - February 27, 1981 Chicago, Illinois, USA], professor of mineralogy, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

Unique IdentifiersHide

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Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3134:5

36dcab80-6c92-4253-9744-451e75348d86

IMA Classification of PaulkerriteHide

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IMA Formula:

KMg2TiFe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2O

Type description reference:

Classification of PaulkerriteHide

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8.DH.35

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
H : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 < 1:1

42.11.21.1

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
11 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O

19.8.24

19 : Phosphates
8 : Phosphates of Al and other metals

Mineral SymbolsHide

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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol Source Reference
Pke IMA–CNMNC Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of PaulkerriteHide

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Colour:

Colorless to very light yellow-brown

Cleavage:

Perfect
{100} perfect

Density:

2.36 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.36 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of PaulkerriteHide

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RI values:

_n_α = 1.591 - 1.598 _n_β = 1.615 - 1.624 _n_γ = 1.639 - 1.643

2V:

Measured: 80° , Calculated: 78° to 88°

δ = 0.048

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Optical Extinction:

Parallel, XYZ = cba

Pleochroism:

Non-pleochroic

Chemistry of PaulkerriteHide

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Mindat Formula:

K(Mg,Mn2+)2(Fe3+,Al,Ti,Mg)2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2O

Crystallography of PaulkerriteHide

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Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Cell Parameters:

a = 10.569(2) Å, b = 20.590(4) Å, c = 12.413(2) Å
β = 90.33(3)°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 0.513 : 1 : 0.603

Unit Cell V:

2,701.22 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Nearly colorless equant to nearly equant flattened crystals with simple forms: {010}, {100}, and {111}.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing Intensity
10.3 Å (90)
7.46 Å (80)
6.20 Å (100)
3.75 Å (40)
3.13 Å (70)
2.872 Å (40)

Geological EnvironmentHide

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Geological Setting:

Granite pegmatite

Type Occurrence of PaulkerriteHide

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General Appearance of Type Material:

Flattened to equant transparent nearly colorless to very light yellowish brown 0.2 mm crystals.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, R7778, 120405, 163777.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Secondary phosphate mineralization in a granite pegmatite.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Reference:

Peacor, D.R., Dunn, P.J., Simmons, W.B. (1984) Paulkerrite a new titanium phosphate from Arizona. The Mineralogical Record: 15: 303-306.

Synonyms of PaulkerriteHide

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Other Language Names for PaulkerriteHide

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Relationship of Paulkerrite to other SpeciesHide

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Other Members of this group:

Benyacarite (H2O)2Mn2Ti2Fe3+(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
Fluor-rewitzerite [(H2O)K]Mn2(Al2Ti)(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
Hochleitnerite Mn2Ti3(PO4)4O2(H2O)2 · 14H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
Hydroxylbenyacarite (H2O)2Mn2(Ti2Fe)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
Macraeite K(H2O)Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
Mantienneite KMg2Al2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
Pleysteinite [(H2O)0.5K0.5]2Mn2Al3(PO4)4F2 · 14H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
Rewitzerite [K(H2O)]Mn2Al3(PO4)4(OH)2 · 14H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
Sperlingite (H2O)K(Mn2+Fe3+)(Al2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)] [(H2O)9(OH)] · 4H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b

Common AssociatesHide

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Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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8.DH. Ferroberaunite Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)5 · 6H2O Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b
8.DH. Rowleyite [Na(NH4,K)9Cl4][V5+,4+2(P,As)O8]6 · n[H2O,Na,NH4,K,Cl] Iso.
8.DH. Ammoniotinsleyite (NH4)Al2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/m
8.DH. Thebaite-(NH4) (NH4)3Al(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O) Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
8.DH. Dendoraite-(NH4) (NH4)2NaAl(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O)2 Mon. 2/m
8.DH. Whiteite-(MnMnMn) Mn2+Mn2+Mn2+2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH. Whiteite-(CaMnFe) CaMnFe2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m
8.DH. Hochleitnerite Mn2Ti3(PO4)4O2(H2O)2 · 14H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
8.DH. Regerite KFe6(PO4)4(OH)7(H2O)6 · 4H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
8.DH.05 Minyulite KAl2(PO4)2F · 4H2O Orth. m _m_2 : P b _a_2
8.DH.10 Leucophosphite KFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
8.DH.10 Spheniscidite (NH4,K)(Fe3+,Al)2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O Mon. 2/m
8.DH.10 Tinsleyite KAl2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O Mon.
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(CaMnFe) {Ca}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(CaMnMg) {Ca}{Mn2+}{(Mg,Fe2+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(CaMnMn) {Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Keckite CaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Rittmannite {(Mn2+,Ca)}{Mn2+}{(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2}{(Al,Fe3+)2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Whiteite-(CaFeMg) {Ca}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
8.DH.15 Whiteite-(CaMnMg) {Ca}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m
8.DH.15 Whiteite-(MnFeMg) {(Mn2+,Ca)}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(MnMnMn) {Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
8.DH.15 Kaluginite (Mn2+,Ca)MgFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2O Orth.
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(CaFeFe) {Ca}{Fe2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon.
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(NaFeMg) NaFe3+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(NaMnMg) {(Na,Ca)}{(Mn2+,Fe3+)}{(Mg,Fe3+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(CaMgMg) {Ca}{Mg}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DH.15 Whiteite-(CaMnMn) {Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Whiteite-(MnMnMg) MnMnMg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(MnMnMg) Mn2+Mn2+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(CaFeMg) CaFe2+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(MnMnFe) Mn2+Mn2+Fe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Whiteite-(CaMgMg) CaMg3Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(MnMnZn) Mn2+Mn2+Zn2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(NaMnMn) NaMn2+(Mn2+Fe3+)Σ2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.15 Jahnsite-(CaMnZn) CaMn2+Zn2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b
8.DH.20 Lun'okite (Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO4)2OH · 4H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
8.DH.20 Manganosegelerite (Mn2+,Ca)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
8.DH.20 Overite CaMgAl(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
8.DH.20 Segelerite Ca2 Mg2 Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P c c a
8.DH.20 Wilhelmvierlingite CaMnFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
8.DH.20 Juonniite CaMgSc(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
8.DH.25 Calcioferrite Ca2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH) · 7H2O Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b
8.DH.25 Kingsmountite Ca3MnFeAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2O Tric. 1 : _P_1
8.DH.25 Montgomeryite Ca4MgAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2O Mon. 2 : _B_2
8.DH.25 Zodacite Ca4Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2O Mon.
8.DH.25 Fanfaniite Ca4MnAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2O Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b
8.DH.30 Arseniosiderite Ca2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b
8.DH.30 Kolfanite Ca2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3 · 2H2O Mon.
8.DH.30 Mitridatite Ca2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b
8.DH.30 Pararobertsite Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
8.DH.30 Robertsite Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O Mon. m : B b
8.DH.30 Sailaufite (Ca,Na,◻)2Mn3+3(AsO4)2(CO3)O2 · 3H2O Mon. m : B m
8.DH.35 Mantienneite KMg2Al2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
8.DH.35 Benyacarite (H2O)2Mn2Ti2Fe3+(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
8.DH.35 Hydroxylbenyacarite (H2O)2Mn2(Ti2Fe)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a
8.DH.35 Macraeite K(H2O)Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
8.DH.35 Sperlingite (H2O)K(Mn2+Fe3+)(Al2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)] [(H2O)9(OH)] · 4H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b
8.DH.40 Xanthoxenite Ca4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2O Tric. 1 : _P_1
8.DH.45 Mahnertite NaCu3(AsO4)2Cl · 5H2O Tet. 4/m m m _(_4/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _I_4/m m m
8.DH.50 Andyrobertsite KCdCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/m
8.DH.50 Calcioandyrobertsite KCaCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/m
8.DH.55 Englishite K3Na2Ca10Al15(PO4)21(OH)7 · 26H2O Mon. 2/m
8.DH.60 Bouazzerite Bi6(Mg,Co)11Fe3+14(AsO4)18(OH)4O12 · 86H2O Mon. 2/m
8.DH.65 Galliskiite Ca4Al2(PO4)2F8 · 5H2O Tric. 1 : _P_1
8.DH.70 Joteite Ca2CuAl(AsO4)[AsO3(OH)]2(OH)2 · 5H2O Tric. 1 : _P_1
8.DH.75 Kampelite Ba6Mg3Sc8(PO4)12(OH)6 · 7H2O Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a
8.DH.80 Kapundaite NaCaFe4(PO4)4(OH)3 · 5H2O Tric. 1 : _P_1
8.DH.85 Vaniniite Ca2Mn2+3Mn3+2O2(AsO4)4 · 2H2O Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b

Fluorescence of PaulkerriteHide

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Other InformationHide

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Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

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References for PaulkerriteHide

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Reference List:

**Dunn, Pete J., Fleischer, Michael, Langley, Richard H., Shigley, James E., Zilczer, Janet A. (1985) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 70 (7-8) 871-881 **p.875

Demartin, F., Gay, H. D., Gramaccioli, C. M., Pilati, T. (1997) Benyacarite, a new titanium-bearing phosphate mineral species from Cerro Blanco, Argentina. The Canadian Mineralogist, 35 (3) 707-712

Grey, Ian E, Boer, Stephanie, MacRae, Colin M, Wilson, Nicholas C, Mumme, William G, Bosi, Ferdinando (2023) Crystal chemistry of type paulkerrite and establishment of the paulkerrite group nomenclature. European Journal of Mineralogy, 35 (6) 909-919

Localities for PaulkerriteHide

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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Czech Republic
Vysočina Region Žďár nad Sázavou District Bory ⓘ Dolní Bory Staně +4 other references
ⓘ Pegmatite vein Oldřich Staněk
Germany
Bavaria Upper Palatinate Neustadt an der Waldnaab District Waidhaus ⓘ Hagendorf Dill et al. (2011)
Tirschenreuth District Plößberg ⓘ Plößberg-Wildenau pegmatite DILL et al. (2009)
Morocco
Marrakesh-Safi Region Rehamna Province Sidi Bou Othmane Cercle Jebilet Mtn (Djebilet Mtn) Sidi Bou Othmane ⓘ El Rhaba pegmatite Favreau (2012)
Portugal
Guarda Gouveia Folgosinho ⓘ Sítio do Castelo Mine ? Schnorrer et al. (2005)
ⓘ Melo e Nabais Lapis 15 (7/8)
Sabugal Bendada ⓘ Bendada Mines Schnorrer-Köhler (1991)
USA (TL)
Arizona Yavapai County Eureka Mining District Hillside Bagdad Mine area ⓘ 7U7 Ranch (7-U-7 Ranch) (TL) Dunn et al. (1984) +1 other reference