B. R. Ambedkar (original) (raw)
Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (en marathi: डॉ. भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर) (Madhya Pradesh, 14 d'abril de 1891 – Delhi, 6 de desembre de 1956) va ser un jurista, economista, polític i reformador social així com activista social a favor dels drets dels dalits a l'Índia, dels drets de la dona i del dret laboral. Com a primer ministre de justícia de l'Índia independent, va tenir un paper fonamental en la Constitució de l'Índia i és considerat un dels pares fundadors del país.
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dbo:abstract | Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (en marathi: डॉ. भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर) (Madhya Pradesh, 14 d'abril de 1891 – Delhi, 6 de desembre de 1956) va ser un jurista, economista, polític i reformador social així com activista social a favor dels drets dels dalits a l'Índia, dels drets de la dona i del dret laboral. Com a primer ministre de justícia de l'Índia independent, va tenir un paper fonamental en la Constitució de l'Índia i és considerat un dels pares fundadors del país. (ca) Dr. Bhímráo Rámdží Ámbédkar, anglicky Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, maráthsky भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर (14. dubna 1891 – 6. prosince 1956), byl indický právní vědec, politický vůdce nedotknutelných, představitel hnutí za obnovu indického buddhismu a hlavní tvůrce indické ústavy, známý také pod jménem Bábásáhéb. (cs) أمبيدكار (14 أبريل 1891 - 6 ديسمبر 1956)، المعروف باسم باباساهب أمبيدكار، كان رجل قانون هندي، اقتصادي، سياسي ومصلح اجتماعي ألهم حركة داليت البوذية وحمل ضد التمييز الاجتماعي تجاه المنبوذين (الداليت وهم مجموعة مضطهدة ومنبوذة لاتملك حقوقاً كغيرها من أفراد المجتمع)، ودعم حقوق المرأة والعمل. كان أول وزير مستقل للقانون والعدالة في الهند، وهو المهندس الرئيسي لدستور الهند، وأب مؤسس لجمهورية الهند. كان أمبيدكار طالبًا غزير الإنتاج حصل على درجة الدكتوراه في الاقتصاد من جامعة كولومبيا وكلية لندن للاقتصاد، واكتسب سمعة كباحث في بحثه في القانون والاقتصاد والعلوم السياسية. في بداية حياته المهنية كان اقتصاديًا وأستاذًا ومحامًا. تميزت حياته في وقت لاحق من خلال أنشطته السياسية. شارك في الحملة والمفاوضات من أجل استقلال الهند، ونشر الدوريات، والدعوة إلى الحقوق السياسية والحرية الاجتماعية للداليت، والمساهمة بشكل كبير في إقامة دولة الهند في عام 1956. في عام 1990، تم منحه أعلى جائزة مدنية في الهند، يتضمن إرث أمبيدكار العديد من النصب التذكارية والتصوير في الثقافة الشعبية. (ar) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (Marathi भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर; * 14. April 1891 in Mhow; † 6. Dezember 1956 in Delhi), meist abgekürzt zu B. R. Ambedkar, auch bekannt unter seinem Ehrennamen Babasaheb Ambedkar, war ein indischer Rechtsanwalt, Politiker und Sozialreformer. Als Angehöriger der Mahar, einer vor allem in Maharashtra und den angrenzenden Bundesstaaten lebenden Bevölkerungsgruppe, die traditionell zu den Dalits gezählt wird, kämpfte Ambedkar gegen die soziale Diskriminierung durch das System der Kategorisierung der hinduistischen Gesellschaft in vier Varnas und das Kastenwesen. 1956 konvertierte er zum Buddhismus und löste damit eine Massenkonversion von hunderttausenden Dalits aus. In einer im Auftrag von History TV18 and CNN IBN durchgeführten Umfrage, wer der größte Inder nach Gandhi sei, erhielt B. R. Ambedkar im Juli 2012 die meisten Stimmen. (de) Ο Μπιμράο Ράμτζι Αμπεντκάρ (14 Απριλίου 1891 - 6 Δεκεμβρίου 1956), γνωστός ως Μπαμπασαχέμπ Αμπεντκάρ, ήταν Ινδός νομικός, οικονομολόγος, πολιτικός και κοινωνικός μεταρρυθμιστής που ενέπνευσε το Βουδιστικό κίνημα των και κατηγόρησε την κοινωνική διάκριση έναντι των άθικτων υποστηρίζοντας τα δικαιώματα των γυναικών και της εργασίας. Ήταν ο πρώτος υπουργός Δικαιοσύνης της ανεξάρτητης Ινδίας, κύριος αρχιτέκτονας του Συντάγματος της Ινδίας και ιδρυτής της Δημοκρατίας της Ινδίας. (el) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956) was an Indian jurist, economist, social reformer and political leader who headed the committee drafting the Constitution of India from the Constituent Assembly debates, served as Law and Justice minister in the first cabinet of Jawaharlal Nehru, and inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement after renouncing Hinduism. Ambedkar graduated from Elphinstone College, University of Bombay, and studied economics at Columbia University and the London School of Economics, receiving doctorates in 1927 and 1923 respectively and was among a handful of Indian students to have done so at either institution in the 1920s. He also trained in the law at Gray's Inn, London. In his early career, he was an economist, professor, and lawyer. His later life was marked by his political activities; he became involved in campaigning and negotiations for India's independence, publishing journals, advocating political rights and social freedom for Dalits, and contributing significantly to the establishment of the state of India. In 1956, he converted to Buddhism, initiating mass conversions of Dalits. In 1990, the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, was posthumously conferred on Ambedkar. The salutation Jai Bhim (lit. "Hail Bhim") used by followers honours him. He is also referred to by the honorific Babasaheb (BAH-bə SAH-hayb), meaning "Respected Father". (en) D-ro Bhimrao Ramji AMBEDKAR (marate: डा. भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर) (14-a de aprilo 1891 – 6-a de decembro 1956) (B. R. Ambedkar; populare konata kiel Babasaheb) estis barata juristo, ekonomiisto, politikisto kaj socia reformisto. Li inspiris la lukton kontraŭ la hinduisma kastosistemo. Li kampanjis kontraŭ la diskriminacio de la dalitoj, subtenis virinajn rajtojn kaj tiujn de laboristoj. Li ankaŭ estis inter la ĉefaj arkitektoj de la Barata konstitucio. Li luktis dum sia tuta vivo por reformi hinduismon, sed je la fino de sia vivo li perdis sian fidon en la ebleco reformi hinduismon de la interno, kaj konvertiĝis al budhismo. (eo) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (1891ko apirilaren 14a - 1956ko abenduaren 6a), Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar izenez ere ezaguna, Indiako jurista, ekonomialaria, politikaria eta gizarte erreformatzailea izan zen. Dalit budismoaren mugimendua inspiratu zuen, eta diskriminazio sozialaren aurkako kanpaina egin zuen ukiezinen alde (dalitak). Orobat, emakumeen eskubideak eta laneko eskubideak ere sostengatu zituen. India independenteko lehenengo Zuzenbide eta Justiziako ministroa izan zen, Indiako Konstituzioaren arkitektoa, eta Indiako Errepublikaren aita sortzailea. (eu) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 de abril de 1891 – 6 de diciembre de 1956) fue un jurista, académico y político indio. Es reconocido por su larga lucha en favor de los derechos de la casta intocable, a la que pertenecía, así como por su conversión al budismo. (es) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (en marāṭhī :भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर) (né le 14 avril 1891 à (en) en Madhya Pradesh et décédé le 6 décembre 1956 à Delhi), surnommé Babasaheb Ambedkar, est un juriste et homme politique indien. Il est le principal rédacteur de la constitution de l'Inde, un leader des intouchables, et un initiateur du renouveau du bouddhisme en Inde, cherchant à dépasser le système des castes. (fr) Giúróir Indiach, eacnamaí, polaiteoir agus leasaitheoir sóisialta ab ea Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 Aibreán 1891 - 6 Nollaig 1956). Spreag sé gluaiseacht Búdaíoch Dalit agus chuaigh sé i mbun feachtais i gcoinne idirdhealú sóisialta i dtreo na ndaoine nach féidir teagmháil a dhéanamh leo (Dalits). Thacaigh sé freisin le cearta na mban agus na saothair. Bhí sé ina chéad Aire Dlí agus Cirt neamhspleách san India, ailtire na hIndia, agus athair bunaithe Phoblacht na hIndia. I 1956, chuir sé tús le mór-chomhshó Dalits, ag tiontú go Búdachas le 600,000 lucht tacaíochta. Rinne sé athbheochan ar an mBúdachas san India. Meastar Ambedkar mar bodhisattva, agus an Maitreya, i measc na Búdaithe Navayana. Sa bhliain 1990, bronnadh Ambedkar ar Bharat Ratna, an gradam sibhialta is airde san India. Cuimsíonn oidhreacht Ambedkar go leor cuimhneachán agus léiriú i gcultúr an phobail. Bhí tionchar domhain ag oidhreacht Ambedkar mar leasaitheoir soch-pholaitiúil ar an India nua-aimseartha. Vótáladh Ambedkar "an Indiach is Mó" (The Greatest Indian) in 2012 le pobalbhreith a d'eagraigh History TV18 agus CNN IBN. Is féile bhliantúil í Ambedkar Jayanti (lá breithe Ambedkar) a cheiliúrtar an 14 Aibreán, a cheiliúrtar ní amháin san India ach ar fud an domhain. Déantar Ambedkar Jayanti a cheiliúradh mar shaoire phoiblí oifigiúil ar fud na hIndia. Rinne na Náisiúin Aontaithe ceiliúradh ar Ambedkar Jayanti in 2016, 2017 agus 2018. (ga) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (IPA: [bhɪməɑo ɹæmdʒi ɑmbɛdkɑə]; 14 April 1891 – 6 Desember 1956) adalah seorang ahli hukum, ekonom, dan pembaharu sosial India yang memerangi diskriminasi ekonomi dan sosial terhadap "kaum tak tersentuh" (sekarang dalit) dalam masyarakat Hindu India, dan mengilhami gerakan Buddha Dalit. Ambedkar menjabat sebagai ketua komite perancang Konstitusi India, dan Menteri Hukum dan Kehakiman di kabinet pertama Jawaharlal Nehru 1947-1951. Ia juga sering dirujuk dengan sebutan kehormatan Babasaheb ( BAH-bə SAH-hayb ). Pada masa studinya, Ambedkar adalah seorang mahasiswa yang produktif. Dia mendapatkan gelar doktor di bidang ekonomi dari Universitas Columbia dan London School of Economics. Dia mendapatkan reputasi sebagai seorang intelektual untuk penelitiannya di bidang hukum, ekonomi dan ilmu politik. Pada awal karirnya, dia adalah seorang ekonom, profesor, dan pengacara. Selanjutnya Ambedkar juga terlibat dalam aktivitas-aktivitas sosial dan politik; dia terlibat dalam kampanye dan negosiasi untuk kemerdekaan India, penerbitan jurnal ilmiah, advokasi hak-hak politik dan kebebasan sosial untuk kaum Dalit, dan memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap pembentukan negara India. Pada tahun 1956, dia masuk agama Buddha, yang berdampak pada perubahan kepercayaan secara massal kaum Dalit. Pada tahun 1990, Bharat Ratna, penghargaan sipil tertinggi di India, secara anumerta dianugerahkan kepada Ambedkar. Salam Jai Bhim (Terjemahan: "Salam Bhim") digunakan oleh para pengikutnya untuk menghormatinya. (in) ビームラーオ・ラームジー・アンベードカル(マラーティー語: भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर、Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar、1891年4月14日 - 1956年12月6日)は、インドの政治家(ネルー内閣の法務大臣)、思想家。インド憲法の草案作成者。反カースト(不可触民改革)運動の指導者。 カースト制度の最下層(ダリット)の家庭に生まれ、同国で長く続く身分差別の因習を打破するための活動に尽力したほか、死の2か月前に約50万人の人々と共に仏教に集団改宗し、仏教復興運動を始めたことで知られている。ナーグプルの集団改宗の場所はディークシャーブーミと呼ばれ、多くの巡礼者が訪れており、「バーバーサーヒブ・アンベードカル」(Babasaheb、baba は父、saheb は敬称で、「師父」といった意味)の敬称でも呼ばれる。 1952年6月15日にコロンビア大学より、1953年1月12日により名誉法学博士(LL.D.)を授与されている。 (ja) 빔라오 람지 암베드카르(마라티어: भिमराव रामजी आंबेडकर, 영어: Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar), 1891년 4월 14일 ~ 1956년 12월 6일)는 인도의 독립운동가 겸 정치인, 교육자, 인권 운동가이다. 그는 인도 건국 헌법 제정을 주관했으며, 불가촉천민 출신으로 인도 참여인권운동의 선구자, 인도불교의 부흥자, 정치인, 대학교수, 영국 변호사다. 인도의 불가촉천민(달리트)들의 권익을 위해서 불가촉천민 식수권 운동, 불가촉천민 분리선거 운동, 집단 불교 개종운동을 이끌었다. 그는 인도 독립보다 신분제도 폐지와 인권을 우선시켜야 한다고 주장하여, 카스트제를 유지하고 분리선거를 인정하지 않은 국민회의의 마하트마 간디와 많은 충돌을 빚었다. 지금도 인도 곳곳에는 그의 동상이 세워져 있다. 1912년 뭄바이대학교 엘핀스톤대학을 졸업하고 영국 육군에 자원 입대, 1913년 2월 영국군 육군 소위로 입대하였으나 아버지의 죽음으로 예편되었다. 이후 불가촉천민 출신으로 미국에 유학, 컬럼비아 대학교에서 경제학학사와 석사, 박사 학위를 받았다. 1922년에는 영국으로 건너가 런던정경대학교 대학원 박사과정을 밟았고 동시에 을 수료하여 변호사 자격을 취득했다. 영국의 영국-인도 대표단 회의에 불가촉천민 대표단의 한 사람으로 참여하여 신분제도 철폐를 주장하였고, 총독부의 노동부장을 역임했다. 1947년 8월 후 네루 내각의 초대 법무장관, 인도 상원 의원, 건국헌법기초위원회의 위원장을 역임했다. 법무장관으로 재직 중 다수의 평민, 불가촉천민 교육시설을 개설하였다. 1947년 이후 불교 부흥 운동을 전개하였는데, 인도에서는 신분차별을 금지하는 그의 불교를, 전통 불교와 구별하여 신불교라 부르기도 한다. 1956년 10월 14일 인도 나그푸르에서 수십만 명의 평민, 불가촉천민들과 함께 힌두교를 버리고 불교로 개종하였다. 불가촉천민 출신으로서는 미국과 영국에서 박사 학위를 받은 최초의 인물이기도 하다. (ko) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (डॉ.भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर, conosciuto anche come Babasaheb) (Mhow Cantonment, 14 aprile 1891 – Delhi, 6 dicembre 1956) è stato un politico, filosofo, giurista, attivista buddhista, pensatore, antropologo, storico, oratore, scrittore prolifico, economista, studioso, editore, rivoluzionario e revivalist per il buddhismo indiano. È definito anche "padre della Costituzione Indiana", perché fu presidente del comitato di redazione della carta costituzionale che disciplina l'Unione indiana. Superando ostacoli sia sociali che economici Ambedkar divenne uno dei primi Dalit in India a raggiungere una educazione superiore. Avendo infine conquistato una laurea in legge e vari dottorati in legge, economia e scienze politiche, sia alla Columbia University che alla London School of Economics, Ambedkar si guadagnò una buona reputazione come studioso e giurista che poi sfruttò nelle sue campagne stampa per la promozione dei diritti politici e libertà sociali per quelli che allora venivano chiamati "intoccabili". (it) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 april 1891 - 6 december 1956), algemeen bekend onder de naam Babasaheb, was een Indiaas jurist, econoom, politicus en gelijkheidsstrijder die actie voerde tegen de discriminatie van de Onaanraakbaren. Zijn bekering tot het Boeddhisme leidde tot de stichting van de . Verder zette hij zich in voor vrouwenrechten en de arbeidersbeweging. Hij was de allereerste minister van justitie van onafhankelijk India en de meest vooraanstaande vormgever van de . Zijn geboortedag wordt om die reden in India gevierd als een van de nationale feestdagen, na de .. Ambedkar was een uitstekend student en hij behaalde een rechtendiploma en een aantal doctoraten aan de Columbia University en de London School of Economics. Als geleerde verwierf hij hoog aanzien met zijn onderzoek naar rechtsgerelateerde, economische en politicologische onderwerpen. Aan het begin van zijn loopbaan was hij econoom, professor en advocaat. De verdere rest van zijn leven hield hij zich bezig met politieke activiteiten, zoals actievoeren en de daarbij behorende onderhandelingen voor de onafhankelijkheid van India, het uitgeven van tijdschriften die pleitten voor gelijke politieke rechten en sociale vrijheid voor de Onaanraakbaren, en bijdragen aan de prille Indiase staat. In 1956 bekeerde hij zich tot het Boeddhisme, wat leidde tot massabekeringen onder de Onaanraakbaren. In 1990 werd de Bharat Ratnaprijs postuum aan Ambedkar uitgereikt. Ambedkars nalatenschap omvat vele gedenkplaatsen en hij neemt een belangrijke plaats in in het collectieve geheugen van de Indiase maatschappij. (nl) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (em marata: भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर) (14 de abril de 1891 — 6 de dezembro de 1956), popularmente conhecido como Babasaheb, foi um nacionalista, jurista, economista, político e reformador social Indiano que inspirou o revivalismo Budista na Índia. Sua campanha política combatia a discriminação social contra os Dalits, mulheres e trabalhadores. Foi o primeiro Ministro de Justiça da Índia e um dos principais arquitetos da . Foi um estudante prolífico, tendo graduado-se em Direito e tendo vários doutorados da Universidade de Colúmbia e London School of Economics, e ganhou reputação de estudioso por sua pesquisa em direito, economia e ciência política. No início de sua carreira, trabalhou como economista, professor e advogado. Mais tarde sua vida foi marcada por suas atividades políticas, quando envolveu-se nas negociações pela independência da Índia e fez campanha publicando jornais advogando por direitos políticos e liberdade social para os Dalits, tendo contribuído muito para o estabelecimento do Estado da Índia. Converteu-se ao Budismo em 1956, e assim iniciou conversões em massa de Dalits. Em 1990 foi-lhe conferido o Bharat Ratna, o mais importante prêmio civil da Índia. O legado de Ambedkar rendeu-lhe numerosas homenagens e retratações na cultura popular. (pt) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (dewanagari भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर; ur. 14 kwietnia 1891, zm. 6 grudnia 1956) – prawnik indyjski, współtwórca Konstytucji Indii. Pochodził z niskiej dźati niedotykalnych. Dążył do ich duchowej i materialnej przemiany oraz równoczesnych zmian w prawodawstwie indyjskim. Studiował na Uniwersytecie Columbia w Nowym Jorku oraz w London School of Economics. Był pierwszym dalitem, który uzyskał wyższe wykształcenie. (pl) Бхимрао Рамджи Амбе́дкар (маратхи भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर, также известен под прозвищем «Бабасахиб», 14 апреля 1891 — 6 декабря 1956) — индийский юрист, политический деятель, лидер «неприкасаемых». Основной автор проекта Индийской конституции. Посмертно награждён высшим индийским орденом Бхарат ратна. Буддист-реформатор: по его инициативе неприкасаемые массово обращались в буддизм, не признающий кастовых различий. Резко критиковал ислам и индуизм. (ru) Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (Babasaheb Ambedkar), född 14 april 1891, död 6 december 1956, var en indisk politiker och förgrundsgestalt inom daliternas - de lågkastigas - sociala och politiska rörelse före och efter den indiska självständigheten. (sv) Бхімрао Рамджі Амбедкар (англ. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, маратхі भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर, 14 квітня 1891 — 6 грудня 1956), також відомий за прізвиськом «Бабасахіб» — індійський юрист, політичний діяч, лідер паріїв («недоторканих»). Основний автор проєкту Конституції Індії. Посмертно нагороджений вищим індійським орденом Бхарат Ратна. Буддист-реформатор: за його ініціативою недоторкані масово зверталися в буддизм, що не визнає кастових відмінностей. Різко критикував іслам та індуїзм. (uk) 比姆拉奥·拉姆吉·安贝德卡(馬拉提語:भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर;英語:Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar;1891年4月14日-1956年12月6日),简称安贝德卡,又譯阿姆倍伽爾、安倍多伽爾、安倍德卡、安倍卡,印度中央邦姆霍沃人。他是印度法學家、經濟學家、政治家和社會改革家,啟發了達利特佛教運動,並反對各界對達利特人的社會歧視。他是獨立後第一位印度法律和司法部長,也是印度憲法的首席設計師。 獲得了哥倫比亞大學和倫敦經濟學院的經濟學博士學位,其在法律、經濟學和政治學方面的研究亦獲得了學者的聲譽。在早期生涯中,他是經濟學家、教授和律師,到了後期生涯則致力於政治活動,參與了印度獨立運動並進行競選和談判,並出版了期刊,為達利特人倡導政治權利和社會自由,亦為建立印度共和國做出了重要貢獻。 (zh) |
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dbp:alt | 0001-04-14 (xsd:gMonthDay) PM Manmohan Singh, the Speaker, Lok Sabha, Somnath Chatterjee and the leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha, L. K. Advani paid tributes at the portrait of B. R. Ambedkar (en) |
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dbp:profession | (en) writer (en) economist (en) politician (en) Jurist (en) social reformer (en) academic (en) anthropologist (en) |
dbp:pronunciation | Bhīmrāo Rāmjī Āmbēḍkar (en) |
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rdfs:comment | Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (en marathi: डॉ. भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर) (Madhya Pradesh, 14 d'abril de 1891 – Delhi, 6 de desembre de 1956) va ser un jurista, economista, polític i reformador social així com activista social a favor dels drets dels dalits a l'Índia, dels drets de la dona i del dret laboral. Com a primer ministre de justícia de l'Índia independent, va tenir un paper fonamental en la Constitució de l'Índia i és considerat un dels pares fundadors del país. (ca) Dr. Bhímráo Rámdží Ámbédkar, anglicky Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, maráthsky भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर (14. dubna 1891 – 6. prosince 1956), byl indický právní vědec, politický vůdce nedotknutelných, představitel hnutí za obnovu indického buddhismu a hlavní tvůrce indické ústavy, známý také pod jménem Bábásáhéb. (cs) Ο Μπιμράο Ράμτζι Αμπεντκάρ (14 Απριλίου 1891 - 6 Δεκεμβρίου 1956), γνωστός ως Μπαμπασαχέμπ Αμπεντκάρ, ήταν Ινδός νομικός, οικονομολόγος, πολιτικός και κοινωνικός μεταρρυθμιστής που ενέπνευσε το Βουδιστικό κίνημα των και κατηγόρησε την κοινωνική διάκριση έναντι των άθικτων υποστηρίζοντας τα δικαιώματα των γυναικών και της εργασίας. Ήταν ο πρώτος υπουργός Δικαιοσύνης της ανεξάρτητης Ινδίας, κύριος αρχιτέκτονας του Συντάγματος της Ινδίας και ιδρυτής της Δημοκρατίας της Ινδίας. (el) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (1891ko apirilaren 14a - 1956ko abenduaren 6a), Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar izenez ere ezaguna, Indiako jurista, ekonomialaria, politikaria eta gizarte erreformatzailea izan zen. Dalit budismoaren mugimendua inspiratu zuen, eta diskriminazio sozialaren aurkako kanpaina egin zuen ukiezinen alde (dalitak). Orobat, emakumeen eskubideak eta laneko eskubideak ere sostengatu zituen. India independenteko lehenengo Zuzenbide eta Justiziako ministroa izan zen, Indiako Konstituzioaren arkitektoa, eta Indiako Errepublikaren aita sortzailea. (eu) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 de abril de 1891 – 6 de diciembre de 1956) fue un jurista, académico y político indio. Es reconocido por su larga lucha en favor de los derechos de la casta intocable, a la que pertenecía, así como por su conversión al budismo. (es) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (en marāṭhī :भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर) (né le 14 avril 1891 à (en) en Madhya Pradesh et décédé le 6 décembre 1956 à Delhi), surnommé Babasaheb Ambedkar, est un juriste et homme politique indien. Il est le principal rédacteur de la constitution de l'Inde, un leader des intouchables, et un initiateur du renouveau du bouddhisme en Inde, cherchant à dépasser le système des castes. (fr) ビームラーオ・ラームジー・アンベードカル(マラーティー語: भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर、Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar、1891年4月14日 - 1956年12月6日)は、インドの政治家(ネルー内閣の法務大臣)、思想家。インド憲法の草案作成者。反カースト(不可触民改革)運動の指導者。 カースト制度の最下層(ダリット)の家庭に生まれ、同国で長く続く身分差別の因習を打破するための活動に尽力したほか、死の2か月前に約50万人の人々と共に仏教に集団改宗し、仏教復興運動を始めたことで知られている。ナーグプルの集団改宗の場所はディークシャーブーミと呼ばれ、多くの巡礼者が訪れており、「バーバーサーヒブ・アンベードカル」(Babasaheb、baba は父、saheb は敬称で、「師父」といった意味)の敬称でも呼ばれる。 1952年6月15日にコロンビア大学より、1953年1月12日により名誉法学博士(LL.D.)を授与されている。 (ja) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (dewanagari भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर; ur. 14 kwietnia 1891, zm. 6 grudnia 1956) – prawnik indyjski, współtwórca Konstytucji Indii. Pochodził z niskiej dźati niedotykalnych. Dążył do ich duchowej i materialnej przemiany oraz równoczesnych zmian w prawodawstwie indyjskim. Studiował na Uniwersytecie Columbia w Nowym Jorku oraz w London School of Economics. Był pierwszym dalitem, który uzyskał wyższe wykształcenie. (pl) Бхимрао Рамджи Амбе́дкар (маратхи भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर, также известен под прозвищем «Бабасахиб», 14 апреля 1891 — 6 декабря 1956) — индийский юрист, политический деятель, лидер «неприкасаемых». Основной автор проекта Индийской конституции. Посмертно награждён высшим индийским орденом Бхарат ратна. Буддист-реформатор: по его инициативе неприкасаемые массово обращались в буддизм, не признающий кастовых различий. Резко критиковал ислам и индуизм. (ru) Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (Babasaheb Ambedkar), född 14 april 1891, död 6 december 1956, var en indisk politiker och förgrundsgestalt inom daliternas - de lågkastigas - sociala och politiska rörelse före och efter den indiska självständigheten. (sv) Бхімрао Рамджі Амбедкар (англ. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, маратхі भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर, 14 квітня 1891 — 6 грудня 1956), також відомий за прізвиськом «Бабасахіб» — індійський юрист, політичний діяч, лідер паріїв («недоторканих»). Основний автор проєкту Конституції Індії. Посмертно нагороджений вищим індійським орденом Бхарат Ратна. Буддист-реформатор: за його ініціативою недоторкані масово зверталися в буддизм, що не визнає кастових відмінностей. Різко критикував іслам та індуїзм. (uk) 比姆拉奥·拉姆吉·安贝德卡(馬拉提語:भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर;英語:Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar;1891年4月14日-1956年12月6日),简称安贝德卡,又譯阿姆倍伽爾、安倍多伽爾、安倍德卡、安倍卡,印度中央邦姆霍沃人。他是印度法學家、經濟學家、政治家和社會改革家,啟發了達利特佛教運動,並反對各界對達利特人的社會歧視。他是獨立後第一位印度法律和司法部長,也是印度憲法的首席設計師。 獲得了哥倫比亞大學和倫敦經濟學院的經濟學博士學位,其在法律、經濟學和政治學方面的研究亦獲得了學者的聲譽。在早期生涯中,他是經濟學家、教授和律師,到了後期生涯則致力於政治活動,參與了印度獨立運動並進行競選和談判,並出版了期刊,為達利特人倡導政治權利和社會自由,亦為建立印度共和國做出了重要貢獻。 (zh) أمبيدكار (14 أبريل 1891 - 6 ديسمبر 1956)، المعروف باسم باباساهب أمبيدكار، كان رجل قانون هندي، اقتصادي، سياسي ومصلح اجتماعي ألهم حركة داليت البوذية وحمل ضد التمييز الاجتماعي تجاه المنبوذين (الداليت وهم مجموعة مضطهدة ومنبوذة لاتملك حقوقاً كغيرها من أفراد المجتمع)، ودعم حقوق المرأة والعمل. كان أول وزير مستقل للقانون والعدالة في الهند، وهو المهندس الرئيسي لدستور الهند، وأب مؤسس لجمهورية الهند. في عام 1990، تم منحه أعلى جائزة مدنية في الهند، يتضمن إرث أمبيدكار العديد من النصب التذكارية والتصوير في الثقافة الشعبية. (ar) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956) was an Indian jurist, economist, social reformer and political leader who headed the committee drafting the Constitution of India from the Constituent Assembly debates, served as Law and Justice minister in the first cabinet of Jawaharlal Nehru, and inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement after renouncing Hinduism. (en) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (Marathi भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर; * 14. April 1891 in Mhow; † 6. Dezember 1956 in Delhi), meist abgekürzt zu B. R. Ambedkar, auch bekannt unter seinem Ehrennamen Babasaheb Ambedkar, war ein indischer Rechtsanwalt, Politiker und Sozialreformer. Als Angehöriger der Mahar, einer vor allem in Maharashtra und den angrenzenden Bundesstaaten lebenden Bevölkerungsgruppe, die traditionell zu den Dalits gezählt wird, kämpfte Ambedkar gegen die soziale Diskriminierung durch das System der Kategorisierung der hinduistischen Gesellschaft in vier Varnas und das Kastenwesen. 1956 konvertierte er zum Buddhismus und löste damit eine Massenkonversion von hunderttausenden Dalits aus. In einer im Auftrag von History TV18 and CNN IBN durchgeführten Umfrage, wer der größte Inder nach Gandhi (de) D-ro Bhimrao Ramji AMBEDKAR (marate: डा. भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर) (14-a de aprilo 1891 – 6-a de decembro 1956) (B. R. Ambedkar; populare konata kiel Babasaheb) estis barata juristo, ekonomiisto, politikisto kaj socia reformisto. Li inspiris la lukton kontraŭ la hinduisma kastosistemo. Li kampanjis kontraŭ la diskriminacio de la dalitoj, subtenis virinajn rajtojn kaj tiujn de laboristoj. Li ankaŭ estis inter la ĉefaj arkitektoj de la Barata konstitucio. (eo) Giúróir Indiach, eacnamaí, polaiteoir agus leasaitheoir sóisialta ab ea Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 Aibreán 1891 - 6 Nollaig 1956). Spreag sé gluaiseacht Búdaíoch Dalit agus chuaigh sé i mbun feachtais i gcoinne idirdhealú sóisialta i dtreo na ndaoine nach féidir teagmháil a dhéanamh leo (Dalits). Thacaigh sé freisin le cearta na mban agus na saothair. Bhí sé ina chéad Aire Dlí agus Cirt neamhspleách san India, ailtire na hIndia, agus athair bunaithe Phoblacht na hIndia. Vótáladh Ambedkar "an Indiach is Mó" (The Greatest Indian) in 2012 le pobalbhreith a d'eagraigh History TV18 agus CNN IBN. (ga) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (IPA: [bhɪməɑo ɹæmdʒi ɑmbɛdkɑə]; 14 April 1891 – 6 Desember 1956) adalah seorang ahli hukum, ekonom, dan pembaharu sosial India yang memerangi diskriminasi ekonomi dan sosial terhadap "kaum tak tersentuh" (sekarang dalit) dalam masyarakat Hindu India, dan mengilhami gerakan Buddha Dalit. Ambedkar menjabat sebagai ketua komite perancang Konstitusi India, dan Menteri Hukum dan Kehakiman di kabinet pertama Jawaharlal Nehru 1947-1951. Ia juga sering dirujuk dengan sebutan kehormatan Babasaheb ( BAH-bə SAH-hayb ). (in) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (डॉ.भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर, conosciuto anche come Babasaheb) (Mhow Cantonment, 14 aprile 1891 – Delhi, 6 dicembre 1956) è stato un politico, filosofo, giurista, attivista buddhista, pensatore, antropologo, storico, oratore, scrittore prolifico, economista, studioso, editore, rivoluzionario e revivalist per il buddhismo indiano. È definito anche "padre della Costituzione Indiana", perché fu presidente del comitato di redazione della carta costituzionale che disciplina l'Unione indiana. (it) 빔라오 람지 암베드카르(마라티어: भिमराव रामजी आंबेडकर, 영어: Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar), 1891년 4월 14일 ~ 1956년 12월 6일)는 인도의 독립운동가 겸 정치인, 교육자, 인권 운동가이다. 그는 인도 건국 헌법 제정을 주관했으며, 불가촉천민 출신으로 인도 참여인권운동의 선구자, 인도불교의 부흥자, 정치인, 대학교수, 영국 변호사다. 인도의 불가촉천민(달리트)들의 권익을 위해서 불가촉천민 식수권 운동, 불가촉천민 분리선거 운동, 집단 불교 개종운동을 이끌었다. 그는 인도 독립보다 신분제도 폐지와 인권을 우선시켜야 한다고 주장하여, 카스트제를 유지하고 분리선거를 인정하지 않은 국민회의의 마하트마 간디와 많은 충돌을 빚었다. 지금도 인도 곳곳에는 그의 동상이 세워져 있다. (ko) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 april 1891 - 6 december 1956), algemeen bekend onder de naam Babasaheb, was een Indiaas jurist, econoom, politicus en gelijkheidsstrijder die actie voerde tegen de discriminatie van de Onaanraakbaren. Zijn bekering tot het Boeddhisme leidde tot de stichting van de . Verder zette hij zich in voor vrouwenrechten en de arbeidersbeweging. Hij was de allereerste minister van justitie van onafhankelijk India en de meest vooraanstaande vormgever van de . Zijn geboortedag wordt om die reden in India gevierd als een van de nationale feestdagen, na de .. (nl) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (em marata: भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर) (14 de abril de 1891 — 6 de dezembro de 1956), popularmente conhecido como Babasaheb, foi um nacionalista, jurista, economista, político e reformador social Indiano que inspirou o revivalismo Budista na Índia. Sua campanha política combatia a discriminação social contra os Dalits, mulheres e trabalhadores. Foi o primeiro Ministro de Justiça da Índia e um dos principais arquitetos da . (pt) |
rdfs:label | B. R. Ambedkar (en) أمبيدكار (ar) B. R. Ambedkar (ca) Bhímráo Rámdží Ámbédkar (cs) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (de) Μ. Ρ. Αμπεντκάρ (el) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (eo) B.R. Ambedkar (es) B. R. Ambedkar (eu) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (fr) B. R. Ambedkar (ga) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (in) B. R. Ambedkar (it) 빔라오 람지 암베드카르 (ko) ビームラーオ・アンベードカル (ja) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (nl) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (pl) B.R. Ambedkar (pt) Амбедкар, Бхимрао Рамджи (ru) Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (sv) Бхімрао Рамджі Амбедкар (uk) 安贝德卡 (zh) |
rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:List_of_things_named_after_B._R._Ambedkar |
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