Cancer-associated fibroblast (original) (raw)
A cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) (also known as tumour-associated fibroblast; carcinogenic- associated fibroblast; activated fibroblast) is a cell type within the tumor microenvironment that promotes tumorigenic features by initiating the remodelling of the extracellular matrix or by secreting cytokines. CAFs are a complex and abundant cell type within the tumour microenvironment; the number cannot decrease, as they are unable to undergo apoptosis. CAFs have been found to be abundant in a tumour stroma. Myofibroblasts and fibroblasts make up CAFs.
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| dbo:abstract | A cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) (also known as tumour-associated fibroblast; carcinogenic- associated fibroblast; activated fibroblast) is a cell type within the tumor microenvironment that promotes tumorigenic features by initiating the remodelling of the extracellular matrix or by secreting cytokines. CAFs are a complex and abundant cell type within the tumour microenvironment; the number cannot decrease, as they are unable to undergo apoptosis. CAFs have been found to be abundant in a tumour stroma. Myofibroblasts and fibroblasts make up CAFs. The functions of these CAFs have been known to stimulate angiogenesis, supporting the formation of tumours and thus proliferation of cancer cell and metastasis. Cancer cells are usually also drug resistant, which is contributed by CAFs. As such, this interaction is being studied for potential anti-cancer therapy. Normal fibroblasts aid in the production of components of the extracellular matrix such as collagens, fibres, glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins and are therefore vital in tissue repair in wound healing. CAFs however, are derived from either normal fibroblasts, pericytes, smooth muscle cells, fibrocytes or mesenchymal stem cells These CAFs then go on to support tumour growth by secreting growth factors such as Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) and Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and other chemokines to stimulate angiogenesis and thus the growth of a tumour. (en) I fibroblasti associati al tumore o FAT (nella letteratura scientifica internazionale denominati Cancer-associated Fibroblasts o CAFs) sono presenti nel microambiente del tumore. Essi assolvono a numerose funzioni che sono volte a garantire la maturazione e il trofismo di cellule tumorali. Di seguito qualche esempio: * secrezione di molecole solubili (es. fattori di crescita come VEGF, PDGF, FGF o citochine) che stimolano la proliferazione del neoplasma; * modifica del microambiente del tumore (es. rimodellando la matrice extracellulare attorno ad esso o modulandone il pH); * stimolazione dell'angiogenesi (favorendo così il metabolismo del tumore e dunque la sua proliferazione o favorendo processi di metastatizzazione, rilasciando in circolo le ). La resistenza delle cellule tumorali ai chemioterapici è in parte aumentata per mezzo dei FAT. Questa è una delle motivazioni principali per cui queste popolazioni cellulari sono ampiamente studiate per la progettazione di farmaci antitumorali. I FAT sono molto numerosi nel microambiente tumorale e la loro morfologia è abbastanza complessa; il loro numero non può diminuire in quanto essi sono resistenti ai segnali pro-apoptotici. Nello specifico, essi sono molto abbondanti nello stroma del tumore. Si differenziano dai fibroblasti normali per mezzo di numerose caratteristiche: (it) |
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| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:FGF1 dbr:Desmin dbr:STC1 dbr:S100A4 dbr:PDGFRA dbr:Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor dbr:Apoptosis dbc:Connective_tissue_cells dbr:Pericyte dbr:Angiogenesis dbr:Glycoprotein dbr:Glycosaminoglycan dbc:Tumor dbr:ACTA2 dbc:Tumor_markers dbr:Chemokine dbr:Collagen dbr:Tenascin_C dbr:Asporin dbr:Fibroblast dbr:Fibroblast_activation_protein,_alpha dbr:Metastasis dbr:CSPG4 dbr:Mesenchymal_stem_cell dbr:Vimentin dbr:Extracellular_matrix dbr:Tumor_microenvironment dbr:Myofibroblast dbr:Periostin dbr:PDGFRB dbr:PDGF dbr:Platelet_derived_growth_factor_receptor dbr:File:Cancer-associated_Fibroblasts.png |
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| dct:subject | dbc:Connective_tissue_cells dbc:Tumor dbc:Tumor_markers |
| rdfs:comment | A cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) (also known as tumour-associated fibroblast; carcinogenic- associated fibroblast; activated fibroblast) is a cell type within the tumor microenvironment that promotes tumorigenic features by initiating the remodelling of the extracellular matrix or by secreting cytokines. CAFs are a complex and abundant cell type within the tumour microenvironment; the number cannot decrease, as they are unable to undergo apoptosis. CAFs have been found to be abundant in a tumour stroma. Myofibroblasts and fibroblasts make up CAFs. (en) I fibroblasti associati al tumore o FAT (nella letteratura scientifica internazionale denominati Cancer-associated Fibroblasts o CAFs) sono presenti nel microambiente del tumore. Essi assolvono a numerose funzioni che sono volte a garantire la maturazione e il trofismo di cellule tumorali. Di seguito qualche esempio: La resistenza delle cellule tumorali ai chemioterapici è in parte aumentata per mezzo dei FAT. Questa è una delle motivazioni principali per cui queste popolazioni cellulari sono ampiamente studiate per la progettazione di farmaci antitumorali. (it) |
| rdfs:label | Cancer-associated fibroblast (en) Fibroblasti associati al tumore (it) |
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