| dbo:abstract |
Coalhouse Fort is an artillery fort in the eastern English county of Essex. It was built in the 1860s to guard the lower Thames from seaborne attack. It stands at Coalhouse Point on the north bank of the river, at a location near East Tilbury which was vulnerable to raiders and invaders. It was the last in a series of fortifications dating back to the 15th century and was the direct successor to a smaller mid-19th century fort built on the same site. Constructed during a period of tension with France, its location on marshy ground caused problems from the start and led to a lengthy construction process. The fort was equipped with a variety of large-calibre artillery guns and the most modern defensive facilities of the time, including shell-proof casemates protected by granite facing and cast-iron shields. Its lengthy construction and the rapid pace of artillery development at the time meant that it was practically obsolete for its original purpose within a few years of its completion. The fort's armament was revised several times during its 70 years of military use, as its role evolved in the river's defensive system. It was initially a front-line fortification, supported by Shornemead Fort and Cliffe Fort located to the south and east respectively on the Kent shore. Over time, as batteries and forts further downriver became the front line of the Thames defences, Coalhouse Fort was stripped of its main weapons and it was altered to support smaller quick-firing guns intended to be used against fast-moving surface and aerial targets. Its last military use was as a training facility for a few years after the Second World War. Decommissioned in 1949, the fort was used as a storehouse for a shoe factory before it was purchased by the local council. The surrounding land was developed into a public park, but the fort itself fell into dereliction despite its historical and architectural significance. From 1985 it was leased to a voluntary preservation group, the Coalhouse Fort Project, which had been working to restore the fort and use it for heritage and educational purposes. Funding for its restoration was provided in part by the Heritage Lottery Fund and the Warner Bros. film studio, which used the fort as a location for the opening scenes of the 2005 film Batman Begins. The group closed in 2020. (en) Coulhouse Fort ist eine britische Festungsanlage in der Nähe der Stadt Tilbury (Thurrock, Essex) am Ufer der Themse, 3,7 km flussabwärts von Tilbury Fort. Direkt gegenüber, am rechten Flussufer in ungefähr 1,5 km Entfernung steht das Cliffe Fort. (de) Le Fort Coalhouse est un fort construit en 1860 afin de protéger la Tamise basse des attaques navales. Il est situé à côté de East Tilbury. * Portail de l’histoire militaire * Portail de l’Angleterre (fr) Coalhouse Fort är en befästning med kasematter i East Tilbury, nära staden Tilbury i distriktet Thurrock i Essex i Storbritannien, 3,7 kilometer nedströms Tilbury Fort. Coalhouse Point var i äldre tid placering för ett artilleribatteri. Det byggdes om på 1860-talet som en kustbefästning och färdigställdes 1874. Det ligger på lågt belägen mark vid en kurva av floden Themsen vid East Tilbury och hade placerats där för att vara en del av en "triangel av eld" från Coalhouse Fort på Essex-sidan av floden och och på Kent-sidan. Det användes som ett försvar för London under de två världskrigen och inköptes 1962 av distriktet Thurrock Council efter det att det hade avvecklats. Coalhouse Fort, som är byggd på träskmark, är delvis omgivet av ett vallgravsliknande dike och ett torrt dike som en del av försvarsarrangemangen från 1800-talet. Fästningen har inga anläggningar under mark, förutom vattenkällor, en vattencistern och tunnlar utmed den yttre väggen. År 1949 uthyrdes fortet till skotillverkaren Bata för att användas som lagerlokal och 1962 köptes det av distriktet Thurrock. På marken runt befästningen iordningställdes en park för allmänheten, men fortet behölls stängt. Som en del av Tilbury Riverside-projektet har det gjorts en fem kilometer lång promenadstig längs stranden mellan Tilbury Fort och Coalhouse Fort och förbi Tilburys kraftverk, benämnd Two Forts Way. År 1983 hyrdes befästningen till den ideella gruppen Coalhouse Fort Project, vars syfte är att bevara anläggningen och om möjligt restaurera den till ursprungligt utseende. Fortet är öppet för besökande efter överenskommelse och vissa dagar under året. (sv) |
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1861–74 |
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dbr:Thurrock_Council |
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http://www.victorianforts.co.uk/pdf/datasheets/coalhouse.pdf https://www.thurrock.gov.uk/coalhouse-fort-park/overview https://web.archive.org/web/20070928191409/http:/www.coalhousefort-gallery.com/ |
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Exterior of Coalhouse Fort (en) |
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Coulhouse Fort ist eine britische Festungsanlage in der Nähe der Stadt Tilbury (Thurrock, Essex) am Ufer der Themse, 3,7 km flussabwärts von Tilbury Fort. Direkt gegenüber, am rechten Flussufer in ungefähr 1,5 km Entfernung steht das Cliffe Fort. (de) Le Fort Coalhouse est un fort construit en 1860 afin de protéger la Tamise basse des attaques navales. Il est situé à côté de East Tilbury. * Portail de l’histoire militaire * Portail de l’Angleterre (fr) Coalhouse Fort is an artillery fort in the eastern English county of Essex. It was built in the 1860s to guard the lower Thames from seaborne attack. It stands at Coalhouse Point on the north bank of the river, at a location near East Tilbury which was vulnerable to raiders and invaders. It was the last in a series of fortifications dating back to the 15th century and was the direct successor to a smaller mid-19th century fort built on the same site. Constructed during a period of tension with France, its location on marshy ground caused problems from the start and led to a lengthy construction process. The fort was equipped with a variety of large-calibre artillery guns and the most modern defensive facilities of the time, including shell-proof casemates protected by granite facing and ca (en) Coalhouse Fort är en befästning med kasematter i East Tilbury, nära staden Tilbury i distriktet Thurrock i Essex i Storbritannien, 3,7 kilometer nedströms Tilbury Fort. Coalhouse Point var i äldre tid placering för ett artilleribatteri. Det byggdes om på 1860-talet som en kustbefästning och färdigställdes 1874. Det ligger på lågt belägen mark vid en kurva av floden Themsen vid East Tilbury och hade placerats där för att vara en del av en "triangel av eld" från Coalhouse Fort på Essex-sidan av floden och och på Kent-sidan. Det användes som ett försvar för London under de två världskrigen och inköptes 1962 av distriktet Thurrock Council efter det att det hade avvecklats. (sv) |
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Coalhouse Fort (en) Coalhouse Fort (de) Fort Coalhouse (fr) Coalhouse Fort (sv) |
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