County of Artois (original) (raw)
El comtat d'Artois fou una jurisdicció feudal del nord del Regne de França. Limitava al nord pel comtat de Flandes, a l'est pels comtats de Flandes i d'Hainaut, a l'oest pel pas de Calais i al sud per Picardia. Correspon a la major part de l'actual departament del Pas de Calais. La seva capital era Arràs i les principals ciutats Avesnes, Hesdin, Bapaume, Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise, Aubigny, Béthune, Lens, Aire i Saint-Omer. El país és una planura.
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| dbo:abstract | El comtat d'Artois fou una jurisdicció feudal del nord del Regne de França. Limitava al nord pel comtat de Flandes, a l'est pels comtats de Flandes i d'Hainaut, a l'oest pel pas de Calais i al sud per Picardia. Correspon a la major part de l'actual departament del Pas de Calais. La seva capital era Arràs i les principals ciutats Avesnes, Hesdin, Bapaume, Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise, Aubigny, Béthune, Lens, Aire i Saint-Omer. El país és una planura. (ca) Hrabství Artois (francouzsky comté d'Artois, nizozemsky graafschap Artesië) bylo hrabství (comitatus) v severní Francii. Za časů Starověkého Říma náleželo území Artois k římským provinciím Gallia Belgica a Dolní Germánie a bylo obýváno keltskými kmeny až do doby, kdy je vytlačili Germáni a zbavili zemi římské vlády. Hrabství leží v dnešní severní Francii na hranicích s Belgií. Území zabírá kolem 4 000 km2 a má přibližně jeden milion obyvatel. Hlavními centry hrabství jsou města Arras (nizozemsky Atrecht), Calais (Kales), Boulogne-sur-Mer (Bonen), Saint-Omer (Sint-Omaars), Lens a Béthune. Dnešní Artois tvoří součást departementu Pas-de-Calais. (cs) مقاطعة أرتوا ((بالفرنسية: comté d'Artois)، (بالهولندية: graafschap Artesië)) كانت مقاطعة فرنسا في العصور الوسطى، كان يدريها دوقية بورغونيا منذ 1384 حتى 1477/82، وولاية من الإمبراطورية الرومانية المقدسة منذ 1493 حتى 1659. (ar) Η Κομητεία του Αρτουά (Γαλλικά : comte d'Artois, Ολλανδικά : graafschap Artesie) ήταν μια ιστορική επαρχία στο Βασίλειο της Γαλλίας, που κυβερνήθηκε από τους Κόμητες της Βουργουνδίας (1329 - 1493), τους Δούκες της Βουργουνδίας (1384 - 1493) και την Αγία Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία (1493 - 1659). Η κομητεία ιδρύθηκε το 1180 και δόθηκε στην Ισαβέλλα του Αινώ, που έγινε κόμισσα τού Αρτουά ιδίω δικαιώματι (suo jure). Αυτή το κληρονόμησε στο μόνο τέκνο της Λουδοβίκο Η΄ της Γαλλίας και αυτός στον δευτερότοκο γιο του Ροβέρτο Α΄, που την κυβέρνησε σαν ανεξάρτητη κομητεία. Αργότερα πέρασε στους Βαλουά δούκες της Βουργουνδίας (1384). Όταν απεβίωσε ο τέταρτος δούκας Κάρολος της Βουργουνδίας, το Αρτουά κληρονόμησε ο Οίκος των Αψβούργων και πέρασε στον Ισπανικό κλάδο τού Οίκου. Μετά την έκρηξη των θρησκευτικών επαναστάσεων στην Ολλανδία (1566), το Αρτουά συμμετείχε στην Ολλανδική Επανάσταση (1576), στην Ειρήνευση της Γάνδης και στην Ένωση της Ουτρέχτης (1579). Η κομητεία του Αρτουά, μαζί με την κομητεία του Αινώ, προχώρησε σε συμφωνία με τον Φίλιππο Β΄ της Ισπανίας και παρέμεινε στις Ισπανικές Κάτω Χώρες, μέχρι την εποχή που κατακτήθηκε από τη Γαλλία, όταν ξεκίνησε ο Τριακονταετής Πόλεμος. Η ένωση της κομητείας με τη Γαλλία αναγνωρίστηκε με τη Συνθήκη των Πυρηναίων (1659) και έγινε Γαλλική επαρχία, καθώς η συντριπτική πλειοψηφία των κατοίκων τής περιοχής ήταν ήδη Γαλλόφωνοι. (el) The County of Artois (French: comté d'Artois, Dutch: graafschap Artesië) was a historic province of the Kingdom of France, held by the Dukes of Burgundy from 1384 until 1477/82, and a state of the Holy Roman Empire from 1493 until 1659. Present Artois lies in northern France, on the border with Belgium. Its territory has an area of around 4000 km² and a population of about one million. Its principal cities are Arras (Atrecht), Calais (Kales), Boulogne-sur-Mer (Bonen), Saint-Omer (Sint-Omaars), Lens and Béthune. It forms the interior of the French département Pas-de-Calais. Originally a feudal county itself, Artois was annexed by the county of Flanders. It came to France in 1180 as a dowry of a Flemish princess, Isabelle of Hainaut, and was again made a separate county in 1237 for Robert, a grandson of Isabelle. Through inheritance, Artois came under the rule of the dukes of Burgundy in 1384. At the death of the fourth duke, Charles the Bold, Artois was inherited by the Habsburgs and passed to the dynasty's Spanish line. After the religious revolts of 1566 in the Netherlands, Artois briefly entered the Dutch Revolt in 1576, participating in the Pacification of Ghent until it formed the Union of Arras in 1579. After the Union, Artois and Hainaut (Dutch: Henegouwen) reached a separate agreement with Philip II of Spain. Artois remained with the Spanish Netherlands until it was conquered by the French during the Thirty Years War. The annexation was acknowledged during the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659, and it became a French province. Artois had already been largely French-speaking, but it was part of the Southern Netherlands until the French annexation. (en) Artoisko konderria (frantsesez: comté d'Artois, nederlanderaz: graafschap Artesië) Erdi Aroko estatu feudala izan zen, 1384-1477/1482 bitartean Borgoinako dukeen esku, eta 1493-1659 bitartean Austriako Etxearen mende egon zena. (eu) El condado de Artois (en francés, comté d'Artois, en neerlandés, graafschap Artesië) fue una provincia histórica del Reino de Francia, gobernada por los duques de Borgoña desde 1384 hasta 1477/82, y un estado del Sacro Imperio Romano desde 1493 hasta 1659. Hoy en día el territorio del condado de Artois se encuentra en el norte de Francia, en la frontera con Bélgica. Su territorio tiene una superficie de alrededor de 4000 km² y una población de alrededor de un millón. Sus principales ciudades son Arras (Atrecht), Calais (Kales), Boulogne-sur-Mer (Bonen), Saint-Omer (Sint-Omaars), Lens y Béthune. Forma el interior del departamento francés de Pas-de-Calais. Originalmente un condado feudal en sí, Artois fue anexionado por el condado de Flandes. Llegó a Francia en 1180 como dote de una princesa flamenca, Isabel de Henao y nuevamente se convirtió en un condado separado en 1237 para Roberto I de Artois, un nieto de Isabel. A través de la herencia, Artois quedó bajo el dominio de los duques de Borgoña en 1384. A la muerte del cuarto duque, Carlos el Temerario, Artois fue heredado por los Habsburgo y pasó a la línea española de la dinastía. Después de las revueltas religiosas de 1566 en los Países Bajos, Artois entró brevemente en la revuelta holandesa en 1576, participando en la pacificación de Gante hasta que se formó la Unión de Arras en 1579. Después de la Unión, Artois y Henao ( llegaron a un acuerdo por separado con Felipe II. Artois permaneció con los Países Bajos Borgoñones hasta que fue conquistado por los franceses durante la Guerra de los Treinta Años. La anexión fue reconocida durante el Tratado de los Pirineos en 1659, y se convirtió en una provincia francesa. Artois ya había sido en gran parte de habla francesa, pero fue parte de los Países Bajos meridionales hasta la anexión francesa. Artois experimentó un rápido desarrollo industrial durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, impulsado por sus ricos recursos de carbón. Durante la Primera Guerra Mundial, la línea de frente entre la Entente opuesta y los ejércitos aliados en Francia atravesó la provincia, lo que provocó un enorme daño físico. Desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, Artois ha sufrido junto con las áreas cercanas debido a la declive de la . (es) Le comté d'Artois est une ancienne province du Nord de la France. (fr) La Contea d'Artois (comté d'Artois in francese, graafschap Artesië in lingua olandese) è stata una provincia storica della Francia e successivamente uno stato mediato del Sacro Romano Impero. Posto nel nord della Francia, al confine con l'attuale Belgio, il suo territorio ricalcava circa quello che oggi è il dipartimento del Passo di Calais e in minor parte il Nord. Le sue principali città sono Arras, Calais, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Saint-Omer e Lens. (it) 아르투아 백국(프랑스어: comté d'Artois, 네덜란드어: Graafschap Artesië)은 프랑스의 옛 프로뱅스이며, 1384년부터 1477/82년까지 들이 소유했었고, 1493년부터 1659년까지는 신성 로마 제국의 영토였다. 오늘날 아르투아는 프랑스 북부에 있으며, 벨기에와 국경을 접하고 있다. 이 지역의 크키는 대략 4,000 km2이고 인구는 약 백만명 정도이다. 주요 도시는 아라스 (아트레흐트), 칼레 (칼러스), 불로뉴쉬르메르 (보넌), 생토메르 (신트오마르스), 랑스, 베튄이다. 현재 파드칼레주를 형성하고 있다. 본래 봉건 백국이던 아르투아는 들에 의해 합병되었다. 아르투아는 1180년 플랑드르의 공녀 의 결혼 지참금으로서 프랑스에 속했다가, 이자벨의 손자인 를 위해서 1237년 분리된 백국이 되었다. 상속을 통해서 아르투아는 1384년 의 통치하에 놓이게 됐다. 제4대 부르고뉴 백작 용담공 샤를이 1477년에 사망하면서, 아르투아는 합스부르크 가가 상속했고, 훗날 스페인계 합스부르크 가에게 넘어갔다. 네덜란드에서 일어난 1566년 종교 반란 이후, 아르투아도 1576년에 잠시 에 합류했고, 까지도 참여하여 1579년에 을 형성하기도 했다. 연합 이후, 아르투아와 에노(헤네하우언)는 펠리페 2세와 분리 협약까지 이르렀다. 아르투아는 30년 전쟁에서 프랑스에 정복될까지 스페인령 네덜란드에 잔류했다. 1659년 피레네 조약으로 프랑스의 합병이 정식 인정되었으며, 프랑스의 프로뱅스가 되었다. 아르투아는 이미 대부분이 프랑스어가 주요 언어이고, 프랑스에 합병될 때까지 의 일부였다. 아르투아는 풍부한 석탄 자원으로 19세기 중반에 급속도로 빠른 산업 발전을 겪었다. 제1차 세계 대전 기간에는 프랑스내 영불 연합군의 최전선이였기에, 엄청난 피해를 겪었다. 20세기 후반부터는 석탄 산업의 쇠퇴로 인근 지역과 함께 긴 침체를 겪고 있다. (ko) Het graafschap Artesië (Frans: comté d'Artois) is een voormalig graafschap in Frankrijk en was een van de Zeventien Provinciën in de 16e eeuw. Het kerngebied was de streek rond Atrecht (Frans: Arras). Het territorium kwam ongeveer overeen met het oostelijke en noordelijke deel van het huidige departement Pas-de-Calais. Het graafschap Artesië maakte geruime tijd deel uit van de Bourgondische Nederlanden, maar was van 1659 tot aan de Franse Revolutie een zelfstandige Franse provincie. De hoofdstad van dit departement (en vroeger van het graafschap en de provincie) is Atrecht. (nl) 阿圖瓦伯國（法語：comté d'Artois）是一個位於今法國北部的伯國，十三世紀作為法國王子羅貝爾一世的領地被分割出來，後成為哈布斯堡王朝屬地，十七世紀被併入法國成為一個行省。 (zh) |
| dbo:capital | dbr:Arras,_France |
| dbo:originalName | Comté d'Artois (fr) (en) Graafschap Artesië (nl) (en) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_(Ancien).svg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=FgFBAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA370 http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORTHERN%20FRANCE.htm%23RobertIIIArtoisdied1342B http://digistore.bib.ulb.ac.be/2006/DL2632839_001_f.pdf |
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| dbp:commonName | Artois (en) |
| dbp:conventionalLongName | County of Artois (en) |
| dbp:dateEvent | 1384 (xsd:integer) 1493 (xsd:integer) 1512 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:datePost | 1792-09-21 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:datePre | 1180-04-28 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:empire | Holy Roman Empire (en) |
| dbp:era | Middle Ages (en) |
| dbp:event | Burgundian Circle (en) Joined (en) Part of Burgundy (en) Passed to Habsburg (en) |
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| dbp:eventPre | To France as dowry (en) |
| dbp:eventStart | Count Robert I (en) |
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| dbp:s | Burgundian Netherlands (en) Kingdom of France (en) |
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| dbp:statusText | State of the Holy Roman Empire (en) Fiefdom of France, then (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | El comtat d'Artois fou una jurisdicció feudal del nord del Regne de França. Limitava al nord pel comtat de Flandes, a l'est pels comtats de Flandes i d'Hainaut, a l'oest pel pas de Calais i al sud per Picardia. Correspon a la major part de l'actual departament del Pas de Calais. La seva capital era Arràs i les principals ciutats Avesnes, Hesdin, Bapaume, Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise, Aubigny, Béthune, Lens, Aire i Saint-Omer. El país és una planura. (ca) مقاطعة أرتوا ((بالفرنسية: comté d'Artois)، (بالهولندية: graafschap Artesië)) كانت مقاطعة فرنسا في العصور الوسطى، كان يدريها دوقية بورغونيا منذ 1384 حتى 1477/82، وولاية من الإمبراطورية الرومانية المقدسة منذ 1493 حتى 1659. (ar) Artoisko konderria (frantsesez: comté d'Artois, nederlanderaz: graafschap Artesië) Erdi Aroko estatu feudala izan zen, 1384-1477/1482 bitartean Borgoinako dukeen esku, eta 1493-1659 bitartean Austriako Etxearen mende egon zena. (eu) Le comté d'Artois est une ancienne province du Nord de la France. (fr) La Contea d'Artois (comté d'Artois in francese, graafschap Artesië in lingua olandese) è stata una provincia storica della Francia e successivamente uno stato mediato del Sacro Romano Impero. Posto nel nord della Francia, al confine con l'attuale Belgio, il suo territorio ricalcava circa quello che oggi è il dipartimento del Passo di Calais e in minor parte il Nord. Le sue principali città sono Arras, Calais, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Saint-Omer e Lens. (it) Het graafschap Artesië (Frans: comté d'Artois) is een voormalig graafschap in Frankrijk en was een van de Zeventien Provinciën in de 16e eeuw. Het kerngebied was de streek rond Atrecht (Frans: Arras). Het territorium kwam ongeveer overeen met het oostelijke en noordelijke deel van het huidige departement Pas-de-Calais. Het graafschap Artesië maakte geruime tijd deel uit van de Bourgondische Nederlanden, maar was van 1659 tot aan de Franse Revolutie een zelfstandige Franse provincie. De hoofdstad van dit departement (en vroeger van het graafschap en de provincie) is Atrecht. (nl) 阿圖瓦伯國（法語：comté d'Artois）是一個位於今法國北部的伯國，十三世紀作為法國王子羅貝爾一世的領地被分割出來，後成為哈布斯堡王朝屬地，十七世紀被併入法國成為一個行省。 (zh) Hrabství Artois (francouzsky comté d'Artois, nizozemsky graafschap Artesië) bylo hrabství (comitatus) v severní Francii. Za časů Starověkého Říma náleželo území Artois k římským provinciím Gallia Belgica a Dolní Germánie a bylo obýváno keltskými kmeny až do doby, kdy je vytlačili Germáni a zbavili zemi římské vlády. (cs) Η Κομητεία του Αρτουά (Γαλλικά : comte d'Artois, Ολλανδικά : graafschap Artesie) ήταν μια ιστορική επαρχία στο Βασίλειο της Γαλλίας, που κυβερνήθηκε από τους Κόμητες της Βουργουνδίας (1329 - 1493), τους Δούκες της Βουργουνδίας (1384 - 1493) και την Αγία Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία (1493 - 1659). (el) The County of Artois (French: comté d'Artois, Dutch: graafschap Artesië) was a historic province of the Kingdom of France, held by the Dukes of Burgundy from 1384 until 1477/82, and a state of the Holy Roman Empire from 1493 until 1659. Present Artois lies in northern France, on the border with Belgium. Its territory has an area of around 4000 km² and a population of about one million. Its principal cities are Arras (Atrecht), Calais (Kales), Boulogne-sur-Mer (Bonen), Saint-Omer (Sint-Omaars), Lens and Béthune. It forms the interior of the French département Pas-de-Calais. (en) El condado de Artois (en francés, comté d'Artois, en neerlandés, graafschap Artesië) fue una provincia histórica del Reino de Francia, gobernada por los duques de Borgoña desde 1384 hasta 1477/82, y un estado del Sacro Imperio Romano desde 1493 hasta 1659. (es) 아르투아 백국(프랑스어: comté d'Artois, 네덜란드어: Graafschap Artesië)은 프랑스의 옛 프로뱅스이며, 1384년부터 1477/82년까지 들이 소유했었고, 1493년부터 1659년까지는 신성 로마 제국의 영토였다. 오늘날 아르투아는 프랑스 북부에 있으며, 벨기에와 국경을 접하고 있다. 이 지역의 크키는 대략 4,000 km2이고 인구는 약 백만명 정도이다. 주요 도시는 아라스 (아트레흐트), 칼레 (칼러스), 불로뉴쉬르메르 (보넌), 생토메르 (신트오마르스), 랑스, 베튄이다. 현재 파드칼레주를 형성하고 있다. 연합 이후, 아르투아와 에노(헤네하우언)는 펠리페 2세와 분리 협약까지 이르렀다. 아르투아는 30년 전쟁에서 프랑스에 정복될까지 스페인령 네덜란드에 잔류했다. 1659년 피레네 조약으로 프랑스의 합병이 정식 인정되었으며, 프랑스의 프로뱅스가 되었다. 아르투아는 이미 대부분이 프랑스어가 주요 언어이고, 프랑스에 합병될 때까지 의 일부였다. (ko) |
| rdfs:label | County of Artois (en) مقاطعة أرتوا (ar) Comtat d'Artois (ca) Hrabství Artois (cs) Κομητεία του Αρτουά (el) Artoisko konderria (eu) Condado de Artois (es) Comté d'Artois (fr) Contea d'Artois (it) 아르투아 백국 (ko) Graafschap Artesië (nl) 阿圖瓦伯國 (zh) |
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