| dbo:abstract |
Edward Hewitt Nichols CBE JP, (Chinese: 李國士, 29 December 1925 – 29 January 2016) was a British colonial agriculture and aquaculture official. Having served in Sierra Leone, he then worked in Hong Kong, where, from December 1965 to January 1980, he was the director of the territory's Agriculture and Fisheries Department. From October 1976 to January 1980, he was a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. He was a major proponent of country parks in Hong Kong. He was also a regulator, and promoter, of cooperatives and credit unions. Nichols graduated from Newcastle University, Queens' College, and the University of the West Indies, majoring in agriculture. In 1947, he joined the Colonial Office. He was sent to Sierra Leone and became director of agriculture there. Later, he was promoted to senior director in 1954 and head director in 1957. He mainly researched rice plantation. He participated in the production of Zoo Quest. In 1959, Nichols went to Hong Kong to become the assistant director of the Agriculture and Fisheries Department. In December 1965, he replaced Jack Cater as the director. During his term, the agriculture and aquaculture industry was negatively affected by urbanisation and to address this, he actively promoted agriculture mechanisation and provided incentives to the industry to sustain production. To satisfy high demand of fish, he encouraged and supported Hong Kong fishermen to expand their operations and promoted replacing wind-powered ships with mechanised ones to increase efficiency. The gross domestic product of the industry increased from 200 million HKD to 1.1 billion HKD across his term. In the early 1970s, Nichols called for awareness of importance of nature conservation, warning Hong Kong people not to "only care about short-term economic benefits while ignoring that we will be criticised in the future" (Chinese: 只顧目前和短期的經濟利益，而忽略將來受到歷史的批判). Murray MacLehose, upon being appointed as the governor of Hong Kong, actively investigated designating country parks and in 1976 the Hong Kong government passed the and Nichols became the head director of the and the head chairperson of the . Within four years, the Agriculture and Fisheries Department designated 21 country parks covering 40% of the land in Hong Kong. Nichols was also responsible for building infrastructure for country parks and setting foundations for the early operation of country parks. In 1980, the United Kingdom awarded him the Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire in recognition of his work in promoting the agriculture and aquaculture industry and developing country parks. (en) 李國士，CBE（英語：Edward Hewitt Nichols，1925年12月29日－2016年1月29日），英國殖民地漁農官員，1965年12月至1980年1月任香港漁農處處長，1976年10月至1980年1月兼任立法局官守議員，是香港郊野公園的主要創建人之一。 李國士早年先後畢業於達拉謨大學英皇學院、劍橋大學皇后學院和帝國熱帶農業學院。在大學主修農業的他在1947年加入殖民地部，獲遣派到西非塞拉里昂的殖民地政府出任農業主任，其後於1954年和1957年分別升任高級農業主任和首席農業主任。他在當地主要從事大米種植研究，早年也曾經參與由英國廣播公司製作、大衛·艾登布祿擔任主持、名為《》的西非野生動物電視紀錄特輯。 1959年，李國士調到香港出任農林漁業管理處助理處長，1965年12月接替姬達出任漁農處處長。任內，香港的漁農業日益受到城市化等不利條件所帶來的壓力；有見及此，他提出以「慎密」政策支援本土漁農業，並積極推動農業機械化和對漁農業提供資助，使到漁業、蔬菜種植業和禽畜養殖業的生產量得以維持。面對香港人對鮮魚的龐大需求，他鼓勵和支援香港漁民到南中國海拓展漁場和開發，且推動以機動漁船取代傳統的風帆漁船，從而提升漁業的運作水平。終李國士一任，香港的漁農生產總值由1965年約2億港元躍增至1980年的11億港元，仍然能夠維持有限度的糧食自給。 本身熱愛大自然的李國士早在20世紀七十年代初已經呼籲香港社會大眾正視自然保育的重要性，警告港人不應「只顧目前和短期的經濟利益，而忽略將來受到歷史的批判」。隨著香港總督麥理浩爵士在1971年上任後積極研究設立郊野公園，香港政府於1976年正式制定《》，並由李國士出任郊野公園管理局首任總監和郊野公園委員會首任主席。短短四年間，漁農處在李國士的指導下在全港劃定21個郊野公園，佔全港總面積約40%的土地。他還負責為郊野公園提供各類的配套設施，為早期郊野公園的運作奠下基礎。英廷更於1980年向他頒授CBE勳銜，以肯定他多年來在推動香港漁農業和發展郊野公園方面的表現。 (zh) |
| rdfs:comment |
Edward Hewitt Nichols CBE JP, (Chinese: 李國士, 29 December 1925 – 29 January 2016) was a British colonial agriculture and aquaculture official. Having served in Sierra Leone, he then worked in Hong Kong, where, from December 1965 to January 1980, he was the director of the territory's Agriculture and Fisheries Department. From October 1976 to January 1980, he was a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. He was a major proponent of country parks in Hong Kong. He was also a regulator, and promoter, of cooperatives and credit unions. (en) 李國士，CBE（英語：Edward Hewitt Nichols，1925年12月29日－2016年1月29日），英國殖民地漁農官員，1965年12月至1980年1月任香港漁農處處長，1976年10月至1980年1月兼任立法局官守議員，是香港郊野公園的主要創建人之一。 李國士早年先後畢業於達拉謨大學英皇學院、劍橋大學皇后學院和帝國熱帶農業學院。在大學主修農業的他在1947年加入殖民地部，獲遣派到西非塞拉里昂的殖民地政府出任農業主任，其後於1954年和1957年分別升任高級農業主任和首席農業主任。他在當地主要從事大米種植研究，早年也曾經參與由英國廣播公司製作、大衛·艾登布祿擔任主持、名為《》的西非野生動物電視紀錄特輯。 1959年，李國士調到香港出任農林漁業管理處助理處長，1965年12月接替姬達出任漁農處處長。任內，香港的漁農業日益受到城市化等不利條件所帶來的壓力；有見及此，他提出以「慎密」政策支援本土漁農業，並積極推動農業機械化和對漁農業提供資助，使到漁業、蔬菜種植業和禽畜養殖業的生產量得以維持。面對香港人對鮮魚的龐大需求，他鼓勵和支援香港漁民到南中國海拓展漁場和開發，且推動以機動漁船取代傳統的風帆漁船，從而提升漁業的運作水平。終李國士一任，香港的漁農生產總值由1965年約2億港元躍增至1980年的11億港元，仍然能夠維持有限度的糧食自給。 (zh) |
