Jim Jones (original) (raw)
James Warren „Jim“ Jones (13. května 1931 v Indianě – 18. listopadu 1978 ) byl zakladatel sekty Chrám lidu (anglicky Peoples Temple), propagátor rasové snášenlivosti a levicových myšlenek. 18. listopadu 1978 nařídil přítomným více než devíti stům členům své sekty hromadnou sebevraždu. Téhož dne zemřel i on.
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| dbo:abstract | James Warren „Jim“ Jones (13. května 1931 v Indianě – 18. listopadu 1978 ) byl zakladatel sekty Chrám lidu (anglicky Peoples Temple), propagátor rasové snášenlivosti a levicových myšlenek. 18. listopadu 1978 nařídil přítomným více než devíti stům členům své sekty hromadnou sebevraždu. Téhož dne zemřel i on. (cs) جيمس «جيم» وارن جونز (بالإنجليزية: Jim Jones) (13 مايو 1931 - 18 نوفمبر 1978) مؤسس وزعيم معبد الشعوب، اشتهر بعملية الانتحار الجماعي في 18 نوفمبر 1978 والتي راح ضحيتها ما يزيد عن 900 عضو من المعبد في جونز تاون، غيانا ، من بينهم أكثر من 200 طفل قتلوا جميعاً من جراء التسمم بمادة السيانيد، بالإضافة إلى قتل خمس أشخاص آخرين بالقرب من مدرج هبوط للطائرات. ولد جونز في إنديانا وقام بإنشاء معبده هناك في الخمسينيات من القرن الماضي. انتقل في وقت لاحق إلى ولاية كاليفورنيا، يعتبر الحادث الذي وقع في صفوف غيانا بين أكبر عمليات الانتحار الجماعي في التاريخ، والتي كانت تعتبر أكبر خسارة في الأرواح بين المدنيين الأمريكين في كارثة غير طبيعية حتى أحداث 11 سبتمبر 2001، من بين القتلى هو ليو رايان، عضو الكونغرس الأمريكي والسياسي الأمريكي اغتيل أثناء أداء واجبه في تاريخ الولايات المتحدة. (ar) James Warren "Jim" Jones , va ser el fundador americà del Grup Temple del Poble, que es convertí en sinònim de grup suïcida després del suïcidi massiu amb verí el 1978 a una granja aïllada del grup anomenat Jonestown, localitzada a Guyana. Jones va ser trobat mort d'una ferida d'escopeta al cap entre els 913 cadàvers que es trobaven allà. (ca) James Warren „Jim“ Jones (* 13. Mai 1931 in , Indiana, USA; † 18. November 1978 in Jonestown, Guyana) war ein US-amerikanischer Sektenführer und der Gründer des Peoples Temple. Über 900 seiner Anhänger kamen 1978 bei einem von ihm befohlenen Massenmord bzw. -selbstmord im Urwald von Guyana zu Tode. (de) Ο Τζέιμς Γουόρεν "Τζιμ" Τζόουνς (James Warren "Jim" Jones, 13 Μαΐου 1931 - 18 Νοεμβρίου 1978) ήταν ο ιδρυτής και ο ηγέτης του , περισσότερο γνωστού για την τελετουργική δολοφονία/αυτοκτονία σέχτας το 1978, 909 μελών του στην Τζόουνσταουν (αγγλικά: Jonestown), Γουιάνα, και τη δολοφονία πέντε ατόμων σε ένα κοντινό διάδρομο προσγείωσης. Πάνω από 200 παιδιά δολοφονήθηκαν στην Τζόουνσταουν, σχεδόν όλα από δηλητηρίαση με κυανίδιο. Ο Τζόουνς πέθανε από τραύμα από σφαίρα στο κεφάλι. Ο Τζόουνς γεννήθηκε στην Ιντιάνα και ξεκίνησε τον Ναό εκεί στη δεκαετία του 1950. Αργότερα μετακίνησε τον Ναό στην Καλιφόρνια στα μέσα της δεκαετίας του 1960, και απέκτησε φήμη με την κίνηση της έδρας του Ναού στο Σαν Φρανσίσκο στις αρχές του 1970. Το περιστατικό στη Γουιάνα κατατάσσεται ανάμεσα στις μεγαλύτερες μαζικές αυτοκτονίες στην ιστορία, αν και το πιθανότερο είναι ότι ενέπλεκε αναγκαστική αυτοκτονία ή/και τη δολοφονία, και ήταν η μεγαλύτερη απώλεια της αμερικανικής ζωής πολιτών σε μία μη-φυσική καταστροφή μέχρι τα γεγονότα της 11ης Σεπτεμβρίου. Μεταξύ των νεκρών ήταν ο Λίο Ράιαν (Leo Ryan), ο οποίος παραμένει το μόνο μέλος του Κογκρέσου που σκοτώθηκε στη γραμμή του καθήκοντος στην ιστορία των ΗΠΑ. (el) James Warren «Jim» JONES (Crete, Indianao; 13-a de majo 1931 – Jonestown, Gujano; 18-a de novembro 1978) estis usona pastoro, fondinto kaj estro de la sekto Templo de la Popolo, fama pro la kolektiva memmortigo farita la 18an de novembro 1978 fare de 917 de ties membroj en Jonestown (Gujano), kaj la murdo de kvin individuoj sur proksima aerodromo, inter kiuj la usona kongresisto Leo Ryan. Ĉirkaŭ de 200 infanoj estis murditaj en tiu okazaĵo en Jonestown, preskaŭ ĉiuj per venenigo per cianido. Jones mortis pro kuglovundo al la kapo plej verŝajne farita de li mem. James naskiĝis en Indianao kaj li startigis sian templon en la 1950-aj jaroj. Poste li translokiĝis kun la templo al Kalifornio meze de la 1960-aj jaroj kaj elstariĝis per la translokigo de la centra sidejo de la templo al San Francisco komence de la 1960-aj jaroj. (eo) James Warren Jim Jones (1931ko maiatzaren 13a, , Indiana - 1978ko azaroaren 18a, , Guyana) erlijio buru bat izan zen. Mundu osoan sektaren sortzaile eta buru izateagatik ezaguna da. 1978ko azaroaren 18an Guyanako herrian bere aginduz eragindako sektakideen suizidio masiboan hil zen. (eu) James Warren Jones (May 13, 1931 – November 18, 1978) was an American preacher, political activist and mass murderer. He led the Peoples Temple, a new religious movement, between 1955 and 1978. In what he called "revolutionary suicide", Jones and the members of his inner circle orchestrated a mass murder–suicide in his remote jungle commune at Jonestown, Guyana, on November 18, 1978. Jones and the events which occurred at Jonestown have had a defining influence on society's perception of cults. As a child, Jones developed an affinity for Pentecostalism and a desire to preach. He was ordained as a Christian minister in the Independent Assemblies of God, attracting his first group of followers while participating in the Pentecostal Latter Rain movement and the Healing Revival during the 1950s. Jones' initial popularity arose from his joint campaign appearances with the movements' prominent leaders, William Branham and Joseph Mattsson-Boze, and their endorsement of his ministry. Jones founded the organization that would become the Peoples Temple in Indianapolis in 1955. In 1956, Jones began to be influenced by Father Divine and the Peace Mission movement. Jones distinguished himself through civil rights activism, founding the Temple as a fully integrated congregation, and promoting socialism. In 1964, Jones joined and was ordained a minister by the Disciples of Christ; his attraction to the Disciples was largely due to the autonomy and tolerance they granted to differing views within their denomination. In 1965, Jones moved the Temple to California. The group established its headquarters in San Francisco, where he became heavily involved in political and charitable activity throughout the 1970s. Jones developed connections with prominent California politicians and was appointed as chairman of the San Francisco Housing Authority Commission in 1975. Beginning in the late 1960s, reports of abuse began to surface as Jones became increasingly vocal in his rejection of traditional Christianity and began promoting a form of communism he called "Apostolic Socialism" and making claims of his own divinity. Jones became progressively more controlling of his followers in Peoples Temple, which at its peak had over 3,000 members. Jones's followers engaged in a communal lifestyle in which many turned over all their income and property to Jones and Peoples Temple who directed all aspects of community life. Following a period of negative media publicity and reports of abuse at Peoples Temple, Jones ordered the construction of the Jonestown commune in Guyana in 1974 and convinced or compelled many of his followers to live there with him. Jones claimed that he was constructing a socialist paradise free from the oppression of the United States government. By 1978, reports surfaced of human rights abuses and accusations that people were being held in Jonestown against their will. U.S. Representative Leo Ryan led a delegation to the commune in November of that year to investigate these reports. While boarding a return flight with some former Temple members who wished to leave, Ryan and four others were murdered by gunmen from Jonestown. Jones then ordered a mass murder-suicide that claimed the lives of 909 commune members, 304 of them children; almost all of the members died by drinking Flavor Aid laced with cyanide. (en) James Warren «Jim» Jones fue un predicador, líder de secta y asesino en masa estadounidense. Fundador y líder de la secta Templo del Pueblo, famosa por el suicidio colectivo realizado el 18 de noviembre de 1978 por parte de 917 de sus miembros en Jonestown (Guyana). Y el asesinato de cinco individuos en una pista de aterrizaje cercana, entre ellas el congresista estadounidense Leo Ryan. Alrededor de doscientos niños fueron asesinados en Jonestown, casi todos por envenenamiento de cianuro.Jones murió por una herida de bala en la cabeza presuntamente autoinfligida. James nació en Indiana y allí comenzó su templo en los años cincuenta. Luego, se mudó con el templo a California a mediados de los años sesenta y ganó notoriedad con el traslado de la sede central del templo a San Francisco a principios de los setenta. (es) James Warren Jones dit Jim Jones, né le 13 mai 1931 à dans l'Indiana, aux États-Unis et mort le 18 novembre 1978 à Jonestown au Guyana est le fondateur et pseudo pasteur du groupe religieux d'inspiration protestante : le « Temple du Peuple » dont il a fait le siège d'une lutte pour l'égalité raciale et la justice sociale qu'il appela « socialisme apostolique » et dont la communauté établie au Guyana a parfois été considérée, à l'origine, comme un projet agricole communiste avant d'être le lieu d'un massacre et finalement désignée comme l'archétype de la secte dangereuse. Jim Jones est à l'origine d'une des dérives religieuses les plus connues de l'Histoire ayant provoqué un traumatisme à l'échelle mondiale. Sa communauté connut une fin tragique le 18 novembre 1978 à Jonestown où 914 personnes périrent par ingestion de cyanure de potassium ou assassinat. (fr) James Warren Jones adalah pendiri sekaligus pemimpin Peoples Temple (Kenisah Rakyat). Jones lahir di Indiana pada tanggal 13 Mei 1931. Pada tahun 1948 Jones menikah dengan seorang perawat bernama dan setelah itu pindah ke Bloomington Indiana. Tahun 1951 Jones bergabung dengan Partai Komunis Amerika. Pemikiran komunisnya mulai masuk ke dalam gereja ketika ia berkhotbah dengan menawarkan penyatuan ras yang terselubung atas filsafat komunis dan menggunakan karunia roh dan penyembuhan iman. Tahun 1954 terbentuklah Peoples Temple atau Kenisah Rakyat. Misi dari yang ditawarkan oleh Jones adalah misi antar ras yaitu Jones untuk orang sakit, gelandangan atau pengangguran. Karena bermasalah dengan pemerintah maka Peoples Temple atau Kenisah Rakyat dipindahkan ke Guyana. Tempat tersebut dinamai Jonestown sebagai "Surga Sosialis" atau "Tempat Kudus". Jones sengaja memilih tempat yang terpencil untuk menghindari dunia luar. Sekitar 900 orang pengikut Jones adalah mereka yang termarjinalkan dalam masyarakat. (in) James Warren Jones, detto Jim , è stato un criminale statunitense. È conosciuto per avere indotto 909 membri della congregazione da lui fondata - il "Tempio del Popolo" - tra cui anche bambini e neonati, a uno spaventoso massacro e suicidio di massa a Jonestown e per avere fatto uccidere cinque persone nella vicina pista aerea di atterraggio, tra cui Leo Ryan, un deputato del Congresso degli Stati Uniti d'America. (it) ( 이 문서는 미국의 종교인에 관한 것입니다. 같은 이름을 가진 미국의 가수에 대해서는 짐 존스 (래퍼) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 제임스 워런 "짐" 존스(영어: James Warren "Jim" Jones, 1931년 5월 13일 ~ 1978년 11월 18일)는 인민사원의 교주이자, 범죄인으로, 1978년 11월 18일에 가이아나 조지타운과 인근 활주로에서 900명이 넘는 신도들과 함께 자살한 사건으로 유명하다. (ko) ジェームズ・ウォーレン・"ジム"・ジョーンズ（英語: James Warren "Jim" Jones、1931年5月13日 - 1978年11月18日）は、アメリカ合衆国のキリスト教系新宗教（カルト）・人民寺院（英語: Peoples Temple）の教祖。社会主義の信奉者であり、社会主義こそが神の意思に沿った社会規範であると信じていた。元々は、プロテスタントの一派・メソジスト並びにディサイプルス派の牧師であったが、後に人民寺院を創始した。南米ガイアナに教団が開拓したジョーンズタウンで、信者共々集団自殺したことで知られる。 1950年代に人民寺院を創始。1960年代中頃に人民寺院本部をカリフォルニア州へと移転し、1970年代初めにはサンフランシスコでの活動で悪評を得るようになった。そして最後にはガイアナへと本部を移した。 1978年、ジョーンズタウンにおいて人民寺院が人権を蹂躙しているという報道をメディアが行った。それを受けて、アメリカ合衆国下院議員のレオ・ライアンを代表とする代表団が同地を訪れた。ライアンは、帰路の途中、飛行機への搭乗中に銃撃され殺害された。それに続いて、ジョーンズは人民寺院信者共々集団自殺へと至った。ジョーンズタウンと教団本部での自殺者の計918人が犠牲となった。その内、約300人が未成年の子供だった。 (ja) James Warren „Jim” Jones znany również jako Wielebny Jones (ur. 13 maja 1931 w Lynn, w stanie Indiana, zm. 18 listopada 1978 w Jonestown w Gujanie) – amerykański kaznodzieja, założyciel i lider apokaliptycznej sekty Świątynia Ludu. (pl) James Warren (Jim) Jones (Crete (Indiana), 13 mei 1931 - Jonestown (Guyana), 18 november 1978) was een Amerikaanse sekteleider die in 1953 de kerk Peoples Temple in Indianapolis, Indiana stichtte. Daarna verhuisde de kerk naar San Francisco, Californië. Hij werd daar een invloedrijk persoon die de steun genoot van de stadsbestuurder Harvey Milk en burgemeester George Moscone. Moscone benoemde hem tot "Chairman of the San Francisco Housing Authority Commission". De van oorsprong christelijke kerk begon zich in te zetten voor sociale rechtvaardigheid, maar evolueerde naar een sekte, gekenmerkt door autoritair machtsmisbruik door Jones en bizarre geloofsovertuigingen. Naar aanleiding van een artikel dat Jones in een negatief daglicht zette, vertrok hij met bijna alle leden van de sekte in 1978 naar het oerwoud van Guyana, waar hij een landbouwcommune genaamd Jonestown vestigde. De sekte raakte totaal afgesloten van de buitenwereld. Nadat familieleden van sekteleden hem op de hoogte stelden van de praktijken van Jones, ging de Amerikaanse Democratische afgevaardigde Leo Ryan in 1978 met een groep journalisten poolshoogte nemen. Op de avond voor vertrek ontvingen de leden van de delegatie briefjes waarmee mensen hulp vroegen om te ontsnappen. Ze confronteerden Jones hiermee en Jones besloot Ryan te laten vermoorden. Na een mislukte aanslag op Ryan in het kamp werd besloten te vertrekken. Ryan en zijn gevolg (journalisten, staf en sekteleden die wilden vertrekken) werden op 18 november op het asfalt van de luchthaven beschoten door sekteleden, waarbij Ryan en een aantal mensen uit zijn gevolg om het leven kwamen. Diezelfde dag voerde Jones 909 van zijn volgelingen mee de dood in bij een massale zelfdoding. Hij hield hen voor dat de Guyaanse strijdkrachten onderweg waren om hen te martelen en te doden, vanwege de moord op Leo Ryan. Jones stelde dat het tijd was om 'waardig te sterven' en leidde een naar eigen zeggen 'massale zelfmoord voor de glorie van het socialisme'. Iedereen kreeg limonade met cyanide te drinken; wie niet wilde, werd gedwongen om te drinken, kreeg een inspuiting met cyanide of werd doodgeschoten door de tempelwachters. Jim Jones zelf eindigde met een kogel in zijn hoofd. (nl) James Warren "Jim" Jones (Condado de Randolph, Indiana, 13 de maio de 1931 – Jonestown, 18 de novembro de 1978) foi o fundador e líder da seita Templo dos Povos, famoso devido ao suicídio/assassinato em massa em novembro de 1978 de 918 dos seus membros em Jonestown, Guiana, além do assassinato do congressista Leo Ryan e de quatro mortes adicionais em Georgetown, capital guianense. Quase 300 crianças foram assassinadas em Jonestown, quase todas por envenenamento por ingestão de cianeto. Jones morreu de um ferimento de bala na cabeça; suspeita-se que sua morte foi um suicídio. Jones nasceu em Indiana e começou o Templo do Povo na década de 1950. Ele mudou a sua seita para a Califórnia em meados dos anos 1960 e ganhou notoriedade com o movimento da sede da igreja em São Francisco, no início de 1970. (pt) James Warren "Jim" Jones, född 13 maj 1931 i , Randolph County, Indiana, död 18 november 1978 i Jonestown, Barima-Waini, Guyana, var en amerikansk grundare av och ledare för sekten Folkets tempel (Peoples Temple). Från början var Peoples Temple en organisation som förespråkade social rättvisa och hjälpte fattiga och missbrukare. Den förvandlades med åren till en sekt och det visade sig att Jones missbrukade sin ställning och styrde rörelsen enväldigt. Han ansåg sig själv vara en ny Messias. Jones grundade Jonestown i Guyana, som blev hemvist för sektens nära 800 medlemmar. Nästan alla Jones följeslagare (totalt 918 personer, varav 276 barn) mördades eller begick självmord den 18 november 1978, de flesta genom att uppmanas och tvingas att dricka en dryck spetsad med cyanid. Händelsen har varit föremål för många konspirationsteorier, bland annat att CIA skulle ha varit inblandat. (sv) Джеймс Воррен «Джим» Джонс (13 травня 1931, Крит, Індіана, США — 18 листопада 1978, Гаяна) — американський проповідник, засновник тоталітарної секти , послідовники якої скоїли у 1978-му . (uk) Джеймс Уоррен «Джим» Джонс (англ. James Warren "Jim" Jones; 13 мая 1931, Крит, Округ Рэндольф, Индиана — 18 ноября 1978, Джонстаун, Гайана) — американский проповедник, основатель деструктивной секты «Храм народов», последователи которой по официальной версии совершили в 1978 году массовое самоубийство. (ru) 吉姆·琼斯（英語：Jim Jones，原名詹姆斯·沃伦·琼斯，英語：James Warren Jones，1931年5月13日－1978年11月18日）是美国人民圣殿教的创始人、领袖。1978年11月18日，在圭亚那琼斯镇以武力威逼900多名信徒一起集体自杀。 琼斯自称是神的化身，几千年前轉世为释迦牟尼，创建了佛教；后来又轉世為耶稣基督，创建了基督教；之后短期化身轉世为巴孛，建立巴哈伊信仰；最后轉世為列宁，将社会主义发扬光大。 (zh) |
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| dbo:birthName | James Warren Jones (en) |
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| dbo:birthYear | 1931-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
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| dbo:deathDate | 1978-11-18 (xsd:date) |
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| dbo:deathYear | 1978-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
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| rdfs:comment | James Warren „Jim“ Jones (13. května 1931 v Indianě – 18. listopadu 1978 ) byl zakladatel sekty Chrám lidu (anglicky Peoples Temple), propagátor rasové snášenlivosti a levicových myšlenek. 18. listopadu 1978 nařídil přítomným více než devíti stům členům své sekty hromadnou sebevraždu. Téhož dne zemřel i on. (cs) James Warren "Jim" Jones , va ser el fundador americà del Grup Temple del Poble, que es convertí en sinònim de grup suïcida després del suïcidi massiu amb verí el 1978 a una granja aïllada del grup anomenat Jonestown, localitzada a Guyana. Jones va ser trobat mort d'una ferida d'escopeta al cap entre els 913 cadàvers que es trobaven allà. (ca) James Warren „Jim“ Jones (* 13. Mai 1931 in , Indiana, USA; † 18. November 1978 in Jonestown, Guyana) war ein US-amerikanischer Sektenführer und der Gründer des Peoples Temple. Über 900 seiner Anhänger kamen 1978 bei einem von ihm befohlenen Massenmord bzw. -selbstmord im Urwald von Guyana zu Tode. (de) James Warren Jim Jones (1931ko maiatzaren 13a, , Indiana - 1978ko azaroaren 18a, , Guyana) erlijio buru bat izan zen. Mundu osoan sektaren sortzaile eta buru izateagatik ezaguna da. 1978ko azaroaren 18an Guyanako herrian bere aginduz eragindako sektakideen suizidio masiboan hil zen. (eu) James Warren Jones, detto Jim , è stato un criminale statunitense. È conosciuto per avere indotto 909 membri della congregazione da lui fondata - il "Tempio del Popolo" - tra cui anche bambini e neonati, a uno spaventoso massacro e suicidio di massa a Jonestown e per avere fatto uccidere cinque persone nella vicina pista aerea di atterraggio, tra cui Leo Ryan, un deputato del Congresso degli Stati Uniti d'America. (it) ( 이 문서는 미국의 종교인에 관한 것입니다. 같은 이름을 가진 미국의 가수에 대해서는 짐 존스 (래퍼) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 제임스 워런 "짐" 존스(영어: James Warren "Jim" Jones, 1931년 5월 13일 ~ 1978년 11월 18일)는 인민사원의 교주이자, 범죄인으로, 1978년 11월 18일에 가이아나 조지타운과 인근 활주로에서 900명이 넘는 신도들과 함께 자살한 사건으로 유명하다. (ko) ジェームズ・ウォーレン・"ジム"・ジョーンズ（英語: James Warren "Jim" Jones、1931年5月13日 - 1978年11月18日）は、アメリカ合衆国のキリスト教系新宗教（カルト）・人民寺院（英語: Peoples Temple）の教祖。社会主義の信奉者であり、社会主義こそが神の意思に沿った社会規範であると信じていた。元々は、プロテスタントの一派・メソジスト並びにディサイプルス派の牧師であったが、後に人民寺院を創始した。南米ガイアナに教団が開拓したジョーンズタウンで、信者共々集団自殺したことで知られる。 1950年代に人民寺院を創始。1960年代中頃に人民寺院本部をカリフォルニア州へと移転し、1970年代初めにはサンフランシスコでの活動で悪評を得るようになった。そして最後にはガイアナへと本部を移した。 1978年、ジョーンズタウンにおいて人民寺院が人権を蹂躙しているという報道をメディアが行った。それを受けて、アメリカ合衆国下院議員のレオ・ライアンを代表とする代表団が同地を訪れた。ライアンは、帰路の途中、飛行機への搭乗中に銃撃され殺害された。それに続いて、ジョーンズは人民寺院信者共々集団自殺へと至った。ジョーンズタウンと教団本部での自殺者の計918人が犠牲となった。その内、約300人が未成年の子供だった。 (ja) James Warren „Jim” Jones znany również jako Wielebny Jones (ur. 13 maja 1931 w Lynn, w stanie Indiana, zm. 18 listopada 1978 w Jonestown w Gujanie) – amerykański kaznodzieja, założyciel i lider apokaliptycznej sekty Świątynia Ludu. (pl) Джеймс Воррен «Джим» Джонс (13 травня 1931, Крит, Індіана, США — 18 листопада 1978, Гаяна) — американський проповідник, засновник тоталітарної секти , послідовники якої скоїли у 1978-му . (uk) Джеймс Уоррен «Джим» Джонс (англ. James Warren "Jim" Jones; 13 мая 1931, Крит, Округ Рэндольф, Индиана — 18 ноября 1978, Джонстаун, Гайана) — американский проповедник, основатель деструктивной секты «Храм народов», последователи которой по официальной версии совершили в 1978 году массовое самоубийство. (ru) 吉姆·琼斯（英語：Jim Jones，原名詹姆斯·沃伦·琼斯，英語：James Warren Jones，1931年5月13日－1978年11月18日）是美国人民圣殿教的创始人、领袖。1978年11月18日，在圭亚那琼斯镇以武力威逼900多名信徒一起集体自杀。 琼斯自称是神的化身，几千年前轉世为释迦牟尼，创建了佛教；后来又轉世為耶稣基督，创建了基督教；之后短期化身轉世为巴孛，建立巴哈伊信仰；最后轉世為列宁，将社会主义发扬光大。 (zh) جيمس «جيم» وارن جونز (بالإنجليزية: Jim Jones) (13 مايو 1931 - 18 نوفمبر 1978) مؤسس وزعيم معبد الشعوب، اشتهر بعملية الانتحار الجماعي في 18 نوفمبر 1978 والتي راح ضحيتها ما يزيد عن 900 عضو من المعبد في جونز تاون، غيانا ، من بينهم أكثر من 200 طفل قتلوا جميعاً من جراء التسمم بمادة السيانيد، بالإضافة إلى قتل خمس أشخاص آخرين بالقرب من مدرج هبوط للطائرات. (ar) Ο Τζέιμς Γουόρεν "Τζιμ" Τζόουνς (James Warren "Jim" Jones, 13 Μαΐου 1931 - 18 Νοεμβρίου 1978) ήταν ο ιδρυτής και ο ηγέτης του , περισσότερο γνωστού για την τελετουργική δολοφονία/αυτοκτονία σέχτας το 1978, 909 μελών του στην Τζόουνσταουν (αγγλικά: Jonestown), Γουιάνα, και τη δολοφονία πέντε ατόμων σε ένα κοντινό διάδρομο προσγείωσης. Πάνω από 200 παιδιά δολοφονήθηκαν στην Τζόουνσταουν, σχεδόν όλα από δηλητηρίαση με κυανίδιο. Ο Τζόουνς πέθανε από τραύμα από σφαίρα στο κεφάλι. (el) James Warren «Jim» JONES (Crete, Indianao; 13-a de majo 1931 – Jonestown, Gujano; 18-a de novembro 1978) estis usona pastoro, fondinto kaj estro de la sekto Templo de la Popolo, fama pro la kolektiva memmortigo farita la 18an de novembro 1978 fare de 917 de ties membroj en Jonestown (Gujano), kaj la murdo de kvin individuoj sur proksima aerodromo, inter kiuj la usona kongresisto Leo Ryan. Ĉirkaŭ de 200 infanoj estis murditaj en tiu okazaĵo en Jonestown, preskaŭ ĉiuj per venenigo per cianido. Jones mortis pro kuglovundo al la kapo plej verŝajne farita de li mem. (eo) James Warren «Jim» Jones fue un predicador, líder de secta y asesino en masa estadounidense. Fundador y líder de la secta Templo del Pueblo, famosa por el suicidio colectivo realizado el 18 de noviembre de 1978 por parte de 917 de sus miembros en Jonestown (Guyana). Y el asesinato de cinco individuos en una pista de aterrizaje cercana, entre ellas el congresista estadounidense Leo Ryan. Alrededor de doscientos niños fueron asesinados en Jonestown, casi todos por envenenamiento de cianuro.Jones murió por una herida de bala en la cabeza presuntamente autoinfligida. (es) James Warren Jones (May 13, 1931 – November 18, 1978) was an American preacher, political activist and mass murderer. He led the Peoples Temple, a new religious movement, between 1955 and 1978. In what he called "revolutionary suicide", Jones and the members of his inner circle orchestrated a mass murder–suicide in his remote jungle commune at Jonestown, Guyana, on November 18, 1978. Jones and the events which occurred at Jonestown have had a defining influence on society's perception of cults. (en) James Warren Jones adalah pendiri sekaligus pemimpin Peoples Temple (Kenisah Rakyat). Jones lahir di Indiana pada tanggal 13 Mei 1931. Pada tahun 1948 Jones menikah dengan seorang perawat bernama dan setelah itu pindah ke Bloomington Indiana. Tahun 1951 Jones bergabung dengan Partai Komunis Amerika. Pemikiran komunisnya mulai masuk ke dalam gereja ketika ia berkhotbah dengan menawarkan penyatuan ras yang terselubung atas filsafat komunis dan menggunakan karunia roh dan penyembuhan iman. (in) James Warren Jones dit Jim Jones, né le 13 mai 1931 à dans l'Indiana, aux États-Unis et mort le 18 novembre 1978 à Jonestown au Guyana est le fondateur et pseudo pasteur du groupe religieux d'inspiration protestante : le « Temple du Peuple » dont il a fait le siège d'une lutte pour l'égalité raciale et la justice sociale qu'il appela « socialisme apostolique » et dont la communauté établie au Guyana a parfois été considérée, à l'origine, comme un projet agricole communiste avant d'être le lieu d'un massacre et finalement désignée comme l'archétype de la secte dangereuse. (fr) James Warren (Jim) Jones (Crete (Indiana), 13 mei 1931 - Jonestown (Guyana), 18 november 1978) was een Amerikaanse sekteleider die in 1953 de kerk Peoples Temple in Indianapolis, Indiana stichtte. Daarna verhuisde de kerk naar San Francisco, Californië. Hij werd daar een invloedrijk persoon die de steun genoot van de stadsbestuurder Harvey Milk en burgemeester George Moscone. Moscone benoemde hem tot "Chairman of the San Francisco Housing Authority Commission". (nl) James Warren "Jim" Jones (Condado de Randolph, Indiana, 13 de maio de 1931 – Jonestown, 18 de novembro de 1978) foi o fundador e líder da seita Templo dos Povos, famoso devido ao suicídio/assassinato em massa em novembro de 1978 de 918 dos seus membros em Jonestown, Guiana, além do assassinato do congressista Leo Ryan e de quatro mortes adicionais em Georgetown, capital guianense. Quase 300 crianças foram assassinadas em Jonestown, quase todas por envenenamento por ingestão de cianeto. Jones morreu de um ferimento de bala na cabeça; suspeita-se que sua morte foi um suicídio. (pt) James Warren "Jim" Jones, född 13 maj 1931 i , Randolph County, Indiana, död 18 november 1978 i Jonestown, Barima-Waini, Guyana, var en amerikansk grundare av och ledare för sekten Folkets tempel (Peoples Temple). Från början var Peoples Temple en organisation som förespråkade social rättvisa och hjälpte fattiga och missbrukare. Den förvandlades med åren till en sekt och det visade sig att Jones missbrukade sin ställning och styrde rörelsen enväldigt. Han ansåg sig själv vara en ny Messias. (sv) |
| rdfs:label | Jim Jones (en) جيم جونز (ar) Jim Jones (ca) Jim Jones (cs) Jim Jones (de) Τζιμ Τζόουνς (el) Jim Jones (eo) Jim Jones (eu) Jim Jones (pastor) (es) Jim Jones (pasteur) (fr) James Warren Jones (in) James Warren Jones (it) ジム・ジョーンズ (ja) 짐 존스 (ko) Jim Jones (przywódca sekty) (pl) Jim Jones (sekteleider) (nl) Jim Jones (pt) Джонс, Джим (ru) Jim Jones (sv) Джим Джонс (uk) 吉姆·琼斯 (zh) |
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| foaf:name | Jim Jones (en) |
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| is dbp:founder of | dbr:Peoples_Temple |
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