Matthew Quay (original) (raw)

dbo:abstract

Matthew Stanley Quay (* 30. September 1833 in , York County, Pennsylvania; † 28. Mai 1904 in , Pennsylvania) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker. Zwischen 1887 und 1899 sowie nochmals von 1901 bis 1904 vertrat er den Bundesstaat Pennsylvania im US-Senat. (de)
Matthew Stanley "Matt" Quay (September 30, 1833 – May 28, 1904) was an American politician of the Republican Party who represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate from 1887 until 1899 and from 1901 until his death in 1904. Quay's control of the Pennsylvania Republican political machine made him one of the most powerful and influential politicians in the country, and he ruled Pennsylvania politics for almost twenty years. As chair of the Republican National Committee and thus party campaign manager, he helped elect Benjamin Harrison as president in 1888 despite his not winning the popular vote. He was also instrumental in the 1900 election of Theodore Roosevelt as vice president. Quay studied law and began his career in public office by becoming prothonotary of Beaver County, Pennsylvania, in 1856. He became personal secretary to Governor Andrew Curtin in 1861 after campaigning for him the previous year. During the Civil War, he served in the Union Army, commanding the 134th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment as a colonel. Quay received the Medal of Honor for heroism at the Battle of Fredericksburg. He acted as Pennsylvania's military agent in Washington before returning to Harrisburg to assist Curtin and aid in his re-election in 1863. He was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1865 to 1868. Beginning in 1867, Quay became increasingly aligned with the political machine run by Senator Simon Cameron, and by 1880 was the chief lieutenant of Cameron and his son and successor Don. He continued to serve in public office, as Secretary of the Commonwealth, Philadelphia County Recorder, and Pennsylvania Treasurer. The last, to which he was elected in 1885, gave him enough power to eclipse Don Cameron as Pennsylvania's Republican political boss, and put him in position to run for the Senate. He served there from 1887 to 1899, and then from 1901 until his death in 1904. There, he strongly advocated for Pennsylvania's economic interests, paying little mind to matters that did not affect his home state. At his most powerful, Quay influenced appointments to thousands of state and federal positions in Pennsylvania, the occupants of which had to help finance the machine. Opponents within the Pennsylvania Republican Party, such as merchant John Wanamaker, contested his rule from time to time, usually unsuccessfully, though they did block his election to a third term in the Senate for two years, causing the 1899 legislative election for senator to end with no one chosen. Increasingly in poor health, he took on few new battles in his final years. After Quay's death, his political machine was taken over by his fellow Pennsylvania senator, Boies Penrose, who continued to run it until Penrose's own death in 1921. (en)
Matthew "Boss" Quay, född 30 oktober 1833 i , Pennsylvania, död 28 maj 1904 i Beaver, Pennsylvania, var en mäktig politisk boss i den amerikanska delstaten Pennsylvania. Han representerade Pennsylvania i USA:s senat som republikansk senator 1887-1899 och från 1901 fram till sin död. Han var ordförande för Republican National Committee 1888-1891. Quay studerade juridik och inledde 1854 sin karriär som advokat i Beaver. Han deltog i amerikanska inbördeskriget som överste i nordstatsarmén. Han tilldelades utmärkelsen Medal of Honor efter första slaget vid Fredericksburg. Efter att 1869 ha blivit vald till sekreterare i republikanernas partistyrelse i Pennsylvania blev Quay den mest inflytelserika republikanen i delstaten. Han var delstatens statssekreterare (Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania) 1873-1878 och 1879-1882. Han var sedan delstatens finansminister (Pennsylvania State Treasurer) 1886-1887. Quay efterträdde 1887 John I. Mitchell som senator för Pennsylvania. Quay och hans politiska organisation spelade en central roll i Benjamin Harrisons kampanj i presidentvalet i USA 1888. Harrison vann valet trots att han fick färre röster än Grover Cleveland. Harrison ansåg att han hade vunnit tack vare Guds hjälp. När Quay hörde om Harrisons reaktion påpekade han att Harrison aldrig kommer att veta hur nära ett fängelsestraff flera män hade varit för att få honom vald till president. Harrison fick många fiender bland de politiska bossarna under sin tid som president. Quay ville förhindra Harrisons nominering som republikanernas kandidat i presidentvalet i USA 1892. Han och de andra bossarna kände att de inte hade blivit belönade för insatserna i presidentvalet 1888. Harrison nominerades men han förlorade valet mot Cleveland. Quay omvaldes 1893 men delstatens lagstiftande församling lyckades inte enas om en efterträdare för mandatperioden med början år 1899. Quay kandiderade även den gången till omval men han var inblandad i en skandal. Guvernör William A. Stone utnämnde Quay till senaten men senaten vägrade att godkänna utnämningen. Republikanerna i Pennsylvania höll fast vid Quays kandidatur och till sist vann han år 1901 mandatet som gällde fram till 1905. Han avled 1904 i ämbetet och efterträddes av Philander C. Knox. Quay var frimurare. Hans grav finns på Beaver Cemetery i Beaver. (sv)

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1833-09-30 (xsd:date)

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Matthew Stanley Quay (en)

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1904-05-28 (xsd:date)

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Signature of Matthew Stanley Quay (1833–1904).png

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Matthew Stanley Quay (en)

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Dillsburg, Pennsylvania, U.S. (en)

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Beaver, Pennsylvania, U.S. (en)

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Washington and Jefferson College (en)

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United States Senator (en)

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dbr:Medal_of_Honor

dbp:name

Matthew S. Quay (en)

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dbr:Secretary_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Pennsylvania
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Chair of the Republican National Committee (en)

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dbr:Republican_Party_(United_States)

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dbr:Benjamin_Franklin_Jones_(industrialist)
dbr:John_I._Mitchell
Vacant (en)
Francis Jordan (en)
John Blair Linn (en)
William Livsey (en)

dbp:quote

Col. [Thomas J.] Grimeson still hopes to be nominated by the Republicans for State Treasurer. Quay hopes not. The friends of Grimeson recognize with sadness the fact that Quay's hopes generally become realities. (en)
When I met him [Quay], he did not at first impress me as a man of more than ordinary parts. He was extremely modest and unassuming in manner, with a defective sight in one eye that made his face expressionless, excepting when very warmly aroused in conversation. Under ordinary conditions he might have filled the place of secretary to the Governor without commanding the special attention of the political leaders of the State, but the most momentous events were crowded upon us at Harrisburg immediately after Curtin assumed his official duties, and Quay soon became recognized as one of the most valuable of all the men connected with the administration in meeting sudden and severe emergencies. (en)
Under Quay’s leadership, Pennsylvania became the most Republican and boss-dominated state in the final decades of the century. His success required considerable manipulation, because he was not able to control the state’s burgeoning cities, Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. With his strength residing in the countryside, he kept the cities stirred up by pushing through the legislature charter reforms to limit the power of emerging city leaders or to pit the two cities against each other, but they nevertheless retained their Republican character. Thus, under his direction, the state delivered a Republican-dominated congressional delegation every two years and provided Republican electors every quadrennium. Quay attributed this unbroken success to an application of his definition of politics: "the art of taking money from the few and votes from the many under the pretext of protecting the one from the other." (en)
Requests for jobs litter the paper of politicians of this era. Quay was no exception. His correspondence with Governor James Addams Beaver invariably dealt with two subjects: getting elected and putting people into offices. Both were inseparable functions of the boss, and, with building a war chest, demanded constant attention. (en)

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Signature of Matthew Stanley Quay .png (en)

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0001-08-08 (xsd:gMonthDay)
—Alexander Kelly McClure (en)
—Historian James A. Kehl (en)
—Historian William Alan Blair (en)

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Agnes Barclay (en)

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dbr:Pennsylvania

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dbr:James_S._Clarkson
dbr:Philander_C._Knox
Vacant (en)
Francis Jordan (en)
John Blair Linn (en)
William Livsey (en)

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1887 (xsd:integer)
1878-05-02 (xsd:date)
1882-11-03 (xsd:date)
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1904-05-28 (xsd:date)
July 1891 (en)

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1873-01-22 (xsd:date)
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July 1888 (en)

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Chair of the Republican National Committee (en)

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Matthew Stanley Quay (* 30. September 1833 in , York County, Pennsylvania; † 28. Mai 1904 in , Pennsylvania) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker. Zwischen 1887 und 1899 sowie nochmals von 1901 bis 1904 vertrat er den Bundesstaat Pennsylvania im US-Senat. (de)
Matthew Stanley "Matt" Quay (September 30, 1833 – May 28, 1904) was an American politician of the Republican Party who represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate from 1887 until 1899 and from 1901 until his death in 1904. Quay's control of the Pennsylvania Republican political machine made him one of the most powerful and influential politicians in the country, and he ruled Pennsylvania politics for almost twenty years. As chair of the Republican National Committee and thus party campaign manager, he helped elect Benjamin Harrison as president in 1888 despite his not winning the popular vote. He was also instrumental in the 1900 election of Theodore Roosevelt as vice president. (en)
Matthew "Boss" Quay, född 30 oktober 1833 i , Pennsylvania, död 28 maj 1904 i Beaver, Pennsylvania, var en mäktig politisk boss i den amerikanska delstaten Pennsylvania. Han representerade Pennsylvania i USA:s senat som republikansk senator 1887-1899 och från 1901 fram till sin död. Han var ordförande för Republican National Committee 1888-1891. Quay studerade juridik och inledde 1854 sin karriär som advokat i Beaver. Han deltog i amerikanska inbördeskriget som överste i nordstatsarmén. Han tilldelades utmärkelsen Medal of Honor efter första slaget vid Fredericksburg. (sv)

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