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McLean v. Arkansas Board of Education, 529 F. Supp. 1255 (E.D. Ark. 1982), was a 1981 legal case in the US state of Arkansas. A lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas by various parents, religious groups and organizations, biologists, and others who argued that the Arkansas state law known as the Balanced Treatment for Creation-Science and Evolution-Science Act (Act 590), which mandated the teaching of "creation science" in Arkansas public schools, was unconstitutional because it violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. Judge William Overton handed down a decision on January 5, 1982, giving a clear, specific definition of science as a basis for ruling that creation science is religion and is simply not science. The ruling was not binding on schools outside the Eastern District of Arkansas but had considerable influence on subsequent rulings on the teaching of creationism. Arkansas did not appeal the decision and it was not until the 1987 case of Edwards v. Aguillard, which dealt with a similar law passed by the State of Louisiana, that teaching "creation science" was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, making that determination applicable nationwide. Act 590 had been put forward by a Christian fundamentalist on the basis of a request from the Greater Little Rock Evangelical Fellowship for the introduction of legislation based on a "model act" prepared using material from the Institute for Creation Research. It was opposed by many religious organizations and other groups. (en) McLean v. Arkansas, 529 F. Supp. 1255, 1258-1264 (ED Ark. 1982), est une affaire judiciaire d'Arkansas. Un procès fut intenté par plusieurs parents, groupes religieux, organisations, biologistes et d'autres groupes auprès de la (en) sur le fait que la appelée Balanced Treatment for Creation-Science and Evolution-Science Act (ou Act 590) – qui rendait obligatoire l'apprentissage de la « science de la création » dans les écoles publiques d'Arkansas – était inconstitutionnelle car elle violait la clause d'établissement du Premier amendement de la Constitution des États-Unis. Le juge (en) rendit sa décision le 5 janvier 1982, donnant une définition claire et précise du mot « science » comme base de son jugement arrêtant que la science de la création relève de la religion et pas de la science. La décision n'était pas contraignante sur les écoles situées hors du district est de l'Arkansas mais a eu une influence considérable sur les décisions suivantes concernant l'apprentissage du créationnisme. L'Arkansas n'a pas fait appel de la décision et ce n'est pas avant 1987 que la Cour suprême a décidé, dans l'arrêt Edwards v. Aguillard (qui concernait une de Louisiane) que l'enseignement de la « science de la création » était inconstitutionnelle dans tous les États-Unis. (fr) |
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The Arkansas Balanced Treatment Act of 1981 requiring schools balance the teaching of evolution with the teaching of creation science violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution (en) |
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McLean v. Arkansas Board of Education, 529 F. Supp. 1255 (E.D. Ark. 1982), was a 1981 legal case in the US state of Arkansas. A lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas by various parents, religious groups and organizations, biologists, and others who argued that the Arkansas state law known as the Balanced Treatment for Creation-Science and Evolution-Science Act (Act 590), which mandated the teaching of "creation science" in Arkansas public schools, was unconstitutional because it violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. (en) McLean v. Arkansas, 529 F. Supp. 1255, 1258-1264 (ED Ark. 1982), est une affaire judiciaire d'Arkansas. Un procès fut intenté par plusieurs parents, groupes religieux, organisations, biologistes et d'autres groupes auprès de la (en) sur le fait que la appelée Balanced Treatment for Creation-Science and Evolution-Science Act (ou Act 590) – qui rendait obligatoire l'apprentissage de la « science de la création » dans les écoles publiques d'Arkansas – était inconstitutionnelle car elle violait la clause d'établissement du Premier amendement de la Constitution des États-Unis. (fr) |
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