Treaty of Berwick (1639) (original) (raw)
ベリック条約（Treaty of Berwick）は、1639年6月18日に、イングランド北部の町ベリック・アポン・ツイードで、イングランド王兼スコットランド王チャールズ1世とスコットランド国民盟約（盟約派）が結んだ第1次主教戦争の講和条約。
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| dbo:abstract | ベリック条約（Treaty of Berwick）は、1639年6月18日に、イングランド北部の町ベリック・アポン・ツイードで、イングランド王兼スコットランド王チャールズ1世とスコットランド国民盟約（盟約派）が結んだ第1次主教戦争の講和条約。 (ja) The Treaty of Berwick (also known as the Peace of Berwick or the Pacification of Berwick) was signed on 19 June 1639 between England and Scotland. It ended minor hostilities the day before. Archibald Johnston was involved in the negotiations before King Charles was forced to sign the treaty. The agreement, overall, officially ended the First Bishops' War even though both sides saw it only as a temporary truce. After the treaty was signed, King Charles immediately began to gather the resources he needed in order to strengthen his armies. At the beginning of the Second Bishops' War, the agreement was broken. After a disastrous skirmish at Kelso between the English advance guard and the Scottish Covenanter Army, the Earl of Holland fled back to the king's headquarters at Berwick-upon-Tweed. The Earl of Antrim failed to establish negotiations in order to bring the Irish army over. This, along with the unsuccessful English naval campaign at Hamilton, meant that Charles was forced to sign a truce. He conceded to the Scots the right to a free church assembly and a free parliament. (en) Il Trattato di Berwick (noto anche come Pace di Berwick o Pacificazione di Berwick) venne firmato il 19 giugno 1639 tra Inghilterra e Scozia. Pose fine alle ostilità minori avvenute fino al giorno prima. Archibald Johnston fu coinvolto nei negoziati prima che il re Carlo I d'Inghilterra fosse costretto a firmare il trattato. L'accordo, nel complesso, pose ufficialmente fine alla prima guerra episcopale anche se entrambe le parti lo vedevano solo come una tregua temporanea. Dopo la firma del trattato, il re Carlo iniziò immediatamente a raccogliere le risorse di cui aveva bisogno per rafforzare i suoi eserciti. All'inizio della seconda guerra episcopale l'accordo venne infranto. Dopo una disastrosa scaramuccia a Kelso tra l'avanguardia inglese e l'esercito scozzese dei Covenanter, il Conte di Holland fuggì al quartier generale del re a Berwick-upon-Tweed, mentre il conte di Antrim non riuscì a stabilire negoziati per portare l'esercito irlandese. Questo, insieme alla fallita campagna navale inglese ad Hamilton, significò che Carlo fu costretto a firmare una tregua. Concesse agli scozzesi il diritto ad un'assemblea ecclesiastica libera e a un parlamento libero. (it) |
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| rdfs:comment | ベリック条約（Treaty of Berwick）は、1639年6月18日に、イングランド北部の町ベリック・アポン・ツイードで、イングランド王兼スコットランド王チャールズ1世とスコットランド国民盟約（盟約派）が結んだ第1次主教戦争の講和条約。 (ja) The Treaty of Berwick (also known as the Peace of Berwick or the Pacification of Berwick) was signed on 19 June 1639 between England and Scotland. It ended minor hostilities the day before. Archibald Johnston was involved in the negotiations before King Charles was forced to sign the treaty. The agreement, overall, officially ended the First Bishops' War even though both sides saw it only as a temporary truce. After the treaty was signed, King Charles immediately began to gather the resources he needed in order to strengthen his armies. At the beginning of the Second Bishops' War, the agreement was broken. After a disastrous skirmish at Kelso between the English advance guard and the Scottish Covenanter Army, the Earl of Holland fled back to the king's headquarters at Berwick-upon-Tweed. T (en) Il Trattato di Berwick (noto anche come Pace di Berwick o Pacificazione di Berwick) venne firmato il 19 giugno 1639 tra Inghilterra e Scozia. Pose fine alle ostilità minori avvenute fino al giorno prima. Archibald Johnston fu coinvolto nei negoziati prima che il re Carlo I d'Inghilterra fosse costretto a firmare il trattato. L'accordo, nel complesso, pose ufficialmente fine alla prima guerra episcopale anche se entrambe le parti lo vedevano solo come una tregua temporanea. Dopo la firma del trattato, il re Carlo iniziò immediatamente a raccogliere le risorse di cui aveva bisogno per rafforzare i suoi eserciti. All'inizio della seconda guerra episcopale l'accordo venne infranto. Dopo una disastrosa scaramuccia a Kelso tra l'avanguardia inglese e l'esercito scozzese dei Covenanter, il Conte (it) |
| rdfs:label | Trattato di Berwick (1639) (it) ベリック条約 (1639年) (ja) Treaty of Berwick (1639) (en) |
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