| dbo:abstract |
الانتخابات في الفلبين على أنواعٍ عدة. يُنتخب الرئيس، ونائب الرئيس، وأعضاء مجلس الشيوخ كل ست سنوات، بينما يُنتخب أعضاء مجلس النواب، والحكام، ونواب الحكام، وأعضاء سانغونيانغ بالالاويغان (أعضاء مجلس المقاطعة)، والعُمد، ونواب العُمد، وأعضاء سانغونيانغ بانلوغسول/أعضاء سانغونيانغ بايان (أعضاء مجلس المدينة/البلدية)، ومسؤولو البرنجيه، وأعضاء سانغونيانغ كاباتان (أعضاء مجلس الشباب) كل ثلاث سنوات. يتكون الكونغرس من مجلسين. أصبح مجلس النواب يضم 304 مقاعد اعتبارًا من عام 2019، يتم التنافس على 80% منها في دوائر انتخابية ذات مقعدٍ واحد ويُخصص 20% منها للقوائم الحزبية وفقًا لحصة غير مُعدلة مع تجاهل البقية وتحديد السقف بثلاثة مقاعد. لا يحق الترشيح لمقاعد هذه القوائم الحزبية إلا من قبل المجموعات والأحزاب المهمشة والتي تعاني من نقصٍ في التمثيل، والأحزاب المحلية، والأجنحة القطاعية التابعة للأحزاب الرئيسية التي تمثل المهمشين. يسمح دستور الفلبين لمجلس النواب بضم أكثر من 250 عضوًا بموجب القانون دون الحاجة إلى إجراء تعديلٍ دستوري. يتكون مجلس الشيوخ من 24 عضوًا يُنتخبون على نطاقِ البلد كله: فهم لا يمثلون أي بقعةٍ جغرافية. يتجدد نصف أعضاء مجلس الشيوخ كل ثلاث سنوات. تتمتع الفلبين بنظام متعدد الأحزاب، ذا عدد كبير من الأحزاب وعادةً لا يحظى حزب واحد بفرصة الحصول على السلطة بمفرده، وعلى الأحزاب العمل سويًا من أجل تشكيل حكومةٍ ائتلافية. تتولى اللجنة المعنية بالانتخابات (كوميليك) مسؤولية إجراء الانتخابات. بموجب الدستور، أصبحت انتخابات أعضاء الكونغرس والمناصب المحلية (باستثناء مسؤولو البرنجيه) تنعقد كل يوم اثنين من كل ثالث سنة بعد شهر مايو عام 1992، فيما تجري انتخابات الرئيس ونائب الرئيس في ثاني يوم اثنين من مايو كل ثالث سنة بعد مايو عام 1992. تبدأ (وتنتهي) فترة ولاية جميع المسؤولين المُنتخبين، باستثناء من هم على مستوى البرنجيه، في 30 يونيو من عام الانتخابات. (ar) Στις Φιλιππίνες διεξάγονται ανά εξαετία γενικές εκλογές (πρόεδρος, αντιπρόεδρος, Βουλή και Γερουσία).Ο Πρόεδρος εκλέγεται από άμεση και καθολική ψηφοφορία για μία εξαετή θητεία, κατά τη διάρκεια της οποίας διορίζει τους υπουργούς και προεδρεύει στο υπουργικό συμβούλιο. Το Κοινοβούλιο περιλαμβάνει δύο σώματα, τη Γερουσία και τη Βουλή των αντιπροσώπων. Τα μέλη της Γερουσίας είναι 24, εκλέγονται σε εθνικό επίπεδο και υπηρετούν εξαετείς θητείες. Εκλογές γίνονται κάθε τρία χρόνια και αντικαθιστούν τα μισά μέλη του σώματος. Η Βουλή των αντιπροσώπων έχει 250 μέλη που υπηρετούν τριετείς θητείες και εκλέγονται από γεωγραφικά κατανεμημένες εκλογικές περιφέρειες.Η κυβέρνηση της χώρας είναι ενιαία (με εξαίρεση μιας περιφέρειας με αυξημένη αυτονομία, το Αυτόνομο Μουσουλμανικό Μιντανάο). Έχουν γίνει κάποιες προσπάθειες για αναθεώρηση του Συντάγματος (για τη δημιουργία ομοσπονδίας ή ενιαίου κοινοβουλίου), όλες όμως έχουν αποτύχει. Δικαίωμα ψήφου στις εκλογές έχουν όσες και όσοι είναι ηλικίας 18 ετών και άνω. (el) Elections in the Philippines are of several types. The president, vice-president, and the senators are elected for a six-year term, while the members of the House of Representatives, governors, vice-governors, members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial board members), mayors, vice-mayors, members of the Sangguniang Panlungsod/members of the Sangguniang Bayan (city/municipal councilors), barangay officials, and the members of the Sangguniang Kabataan (youth councilors) are elected to serve for a three-year term. Congress has two chambers. The House of Representatives has 316 seats since 2022, of which 80% are contested in single seat electoral districts and 20% are allotted to party-lists according to a modified Hare quota with remainders disregarded and a three-seat cap. These party list seats are only accessible to marginalized and under-represented groups and parties, local parties, and sectoral wings of major parties that represent the marginalized. The Constitution of the Philippines allows the House of Representatives to have more than 250 members by statute without a need for a constitutional amendment. The Senate has 24 members who are elected on a nationwide at-large basis; they do not represent any geographical district. Half of the Senate is renewed every three years. The Philippines has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party normally has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form a coalition government. The Commission on Elections (COMELEC) is responsible for running the elections. Under the Constitution, elections for the members of Congress and local positions (except barangay officials) occur every second Monday of every third year after May 1992, and presidential and vice presidential elections occur every second Monday of May every sixth year after May 1992. All elected officials, except those at the barangay level, start (and end) their terms of office on June 30 of the election year. (en) Les élections aux Philippines permettent d'élire : le président, le vice-président et les sénateurs, élus pour un mandat de six ans, tandis que les membres de la Chambre des représentants, les gouverneurs, les vice-gouverneurs, les membres de la (en), les maires, les vice-maires, les membres de la (en), et les membres de la (en) sont élus pour un mandat de 3 ans. Les Philippines ont un système multiparti, avec de nombreux partis politiques dont souvent aucun n'est assez fort pour gouverner seul, et les partis doivent collaborer pour former des gouvernements de coalition. La (COMELEC) est responsable de la gestion des élections. (fr) |
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الانتخابات في الفلبين على أنواعٍ عدة. يُنتخب الرئيس، ونائب الرئيس، وأعضاء مجلس الشيوخ كل ست سنوات، بينما يُنتخب أعضاء مجلس النواب، والحكام، ونواب الحكام، وأعضاء سانغونيانغ بالالاويغان (أعضاء مجلس المقاطعة)، والعُمد، ونواب العُمد، وأعضاء سانغونيانغ بانلوغسول/أعضاء سانغونيانغ بايان (أعضاء مجلس المدينة/البلدية)، ومسؤولو البرنجيه، وأعضاء سانغونيانغ كاباتان (أعضاء مجلس الشباب) كل ثلاث سنوات. (ar) Στις Φιλιππίνες διεξάγονται ανά εξαετία γενικές εκλογές (πρόεδρος, αντιπρόεδρος, Βουλή και Γερουσία).Ο Πρόεδρος εκλέγεται από άμεση και καθολική ψηφοφορία για μία εξαετή θητεία, κατά τη διάρκεια της οποίας διορίζει τους υπουργούς και προεδρεύει στο υπουργικό συμβούλιο. Δικαίωμα ψήφου στις εκλογές έχουν όσες και όσοι είναι ηλικίας 18 ετών και άνω. (el) Elections in the Philippines are of several types. The president, vice-president, and the senators are elected for a six-year term, while the members of the House of Representatives, governors, vice-governors, members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial board members), mayors, vice-mayors, members of the Sangguniang Panlungsod/members of the Sangguniang Bayan (city/municipal councilors), barangay officials, and the members of the Sangguniang Kabataan (youth councilors) are elected to serve for a three-year term. (en) Les élections aux Philippines permettent d'élire : le président, le vice-président et les sénateurs, élus pour un mandat de six ans, tandis que les membres de la Chambre des représentants, les gouverneurs, les vice-gouverneurs, les membres de la (en), les maires, les vice-maires, les membres de la (en), et les membres de la (en) sont élus pour un mandat de 3 ans. (fr) |
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| is dbp:leaderTitle of |
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wikipedia-en:Elections_in_the_Philippines |
