R. M. Hare (original) (raw)
リチャード・マーヴィン・ヘア（Richard Mervyn Hare, 1919年3月21日 - 2002年1月29日）は、イギリスの哲学者。
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| dbo:abstract | Richard Hare Mervyn va ser un filòsof anglès sobre moral que va ser professor de Filosofia Moral a la Universitat d'Oxford des del 1966 fins al 1983, i després va ensenyar diversos anys a la Universitat de Florida. La seva ètica meta-teories van ser molt influent durant la segona meitat del segle XX. Richard Hare Mervyn és conegut pel seu desenvolupament del prescriptivisme com una teoria meta-ètica. Ell creia que les característiques formals del discurs moral es podria utilitzar per mostrar que el raonament moral correcte conduirà a la majoria dels agents a una forma d'utilitarisme de preferència. Alguns dels seu deixebles, com Brian McGuinness i Bernard Williams es van convertir en coneguts filòsofs. Peter Singer (iniciador del concepte dels drets dels animals) també va ser deixeble seu. (ca) Richard Mervyn Hare, oft kurz R. M. Hare genannt (* 21. März 1919 in , Somerset; † 29. Januar 2002 in Ewelme, Oxfordshire), war ein englischer Moralphilosoph, der von 1966 bis 1983 die Stelle eines White Professor of Moral Philosophy an der Universität Oxford innehatte. Seine metaethischen Theorien waren besonders in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts sehr einflussreich. Einige von Hares Schülern, wie und Bernard Williams, sind später ebenfalls bedeutende Philosophen geworden. Der außerhalb philosophischer Fachkreise bekannteste unter ihnen ist aber vielleicht Peter Singer. Bekannt wurde Singer unter anderem aufgrund seiner Arbeiten über die moralischen Rechte von Tieren, in denen er viele Positionen und Thesen seines Lehrers Hare explizit aufgreift und weiterentwickelt. (de) Richard Mervyn Hare adalah seorang yang terkenal dengan teori filsafat moralnya. Richard Mervyn Hare juga seorang dosen di . Dia menjadi dosen di sana sejak tahun 1966 sampai tahun 1983. Setelah itu, dia menjadi dosen di untuk beberapa tahun lamanya. Pemahaman tentang teori meta-etika sangat mempengaruhi pemikiran filsafat pada pertengahan abad ke dua puluh. Pemahaman meta-etika tersebut merupakan perkembangan dari pemahamannya tentang prescriptivisme. Dia yakin bahwa bentuk formal dari wacana moral dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahwa alasan moral akan memimpin sebagian besar agen untuk membentuk utilitarianisme pilihan. Richard Mervyn Hare banyak dipengaruhi oleh pandangan mengenai emotivisme A. J. Ayer dan , Filsafat Bahasa J. L. Austin, Filsuf Ludwig Wittgenstein, utilitarianisme, and Immanuel Kant. Richard Mervyn Hare lahir di kota , Somerset. Pada tahun 1937, Dia masuk ke , Oxford. Dia menikah dengan Catherine Verney. Hasil pernikahan mereka itu menghasilkan satu orang putra dan tiga orang putri. Dia pun meninggal dunia di kota Ewelme, Oxfordshire pada 29 Januari 2002. Dia meninggal karena terkena stroke. (in) Richard Mervyn Hare FBA (21 March 1919 – 29 January 2002), usually cited as R. M. Hare, was a British moral philosopher who held the post of White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford from 1966 until 1983. He subsequently taught for a number of years at the University of Florida. His meta-ethical theories were influential during the second half of the twentieth century. Hare is best known for his development of prescriptivism as a meta-ethical theory, which he argues is supported by analysis of formal features of moral discourse, and for his defence of preference utilitarianism based on his prescriptivism. Some of Hare's students, such as Brian McGuinness, John Lucas, and Bernard Williams went on to become well-known philosophers. Peter Singer, known for his involvement with the animal liberation movement (who studied Hare's work as an honours student at the University of Melbourne and came to know Hare personally whilst he was an Oxford BPhil graduate student), has explicitly adopted some elements of Hare's thought, though not his doctrine of universal prescriptivism. (en) Richard Mervyn Hare, né le 21 mars 1919 et décédé le 29 janvier 2002 est un philosophe moral anglais qui occupa un poste de professeur à l'université d'Oxford de 1966 à 1983. Il a ensuite enseigné pendant un certain nombre d'années à l'université de Floride. Il fut reconnu pour ses théories méta-éthiques au cours de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle et surtout pour son développement du prescriptivisme universel en tant que théorie méta-éthique. Il croyait que les caractéristiques formelles du discours moral pourraient être utilisées pour démontrer qu'un raisonnement moral correct mènerait la plupart du temps à une forme de l'utilitarisme de préférence. Parmi ses étudiants connus figurent Bernard Williams et Peter Singer. (fr) リチャード・マーヴィン・ヘア（Richard Mervyn Hare, 1919年3月21日 - 2002年1月29日）は、イギリスの哲学者。 (ja) Richard Mervyn Hare (Backwell, 21 marzo 1919 – Ewelme, 29 gennaio 2002) è stato un filosofo inglese della morale.La sua teoria metaetica del influì sulla filosofia morale per tutta la seconda parte del XX secolo. (it) 리처드 머빈 헤어 (Richard Mervyn Hare, 1919–2002)는 일반적으로 R. M. 헤어(R. M. Hare)로 알려진 인물로, 1966년부터 1983년까지 옥스퍼드 대학교에서 도덕 철학 교수로 재직 한 영국의 도덕 철학자이다. 그는 이후 플로리다 대학에서 수년간 가르쳤다. 그의 메타윤리학 이론은 20세기 후반에 영향을 미쳤다. 규범주의를 메타 윤리 이론으로 발전시킨 것으로 가장 잘 알려져 있으며, 도덕 담론의 형식적 특징을 분석하여 선호 공리주의를 정당화하였다. 일련의 책에서 보편적 규범주의 이론을 구체화했다. 이에 따르면 '좋은', '당위', '옳음'과 같은 도덕적 용어에는 보편화 가능성 과 규정성이라는 두 가지 논리적 또는 의미론적 속성이 있다. 그는 누군가가 진심으로 "X를 해야 한다"고 말한 다음 X를 하지 않는 것은 의미가 없다고 주장했다. 의지의 약함을 고려하지 않는 것처럼 보였기 때문에, 이는 그의 철학체계의 약점으로 지적되었다. (ko) Richard Mervyn Hare (Backwell, Somerset , 21 de Março de 1919 – Ewelme, Oxfordshire, 29 de Janeiro de 2002), foi um filósofo da moral inglês, na Universidade de Oxford de 1966 a 1983. Depois, durante alguns anos, ensinou na Universidade da Florida. Foi um filósofo muito influente na segunda metade do século XX, conhecido pelo prescritivismo como teoria meta-ética. R. M. Hare acreditava que os aspectos formais do discurso moral podiam ser usados para mostrar que o raciocínio moral correcto levaria muitos agentes a uma forma de preferência utilitarista. (pt) Richard Mervyn Hare (Backwell, Somerset, 21 maart 1919 – Ewelme, Oxfordshire, 29 januari 2002) was een Brits moraalfilosoof die lange tijd werkzaam was aan de Universiteit van Oxford (van 1966 tot 1983) en de Universiteit van Florida (van 1983 tot 1994). Zijn invloed is vooral te danken aan zijn meta-ethische theorieën. Hare is vooral bekend voor het ontwikkelen van zijn theorie van het prescriptivisme. Hij was ervan overtuigd dat men de formele structuren van het moreel taalgebruik kan gebruiken om aan te tonen dat het juiste morele handelen bij de meeste mensen zou overeenkomen met een vorm van . Zijn denken was voornamelijk beïnvloed door het emotivisme van Alfred Ayer, de ordinary language philosophy van John Austin, het werk van Ludwig Wittgenstein, het utilitarisme en de ethiek van Immanuel Kant. Hare heeft ook vele studenten gehad die later zelf invloedrijke filosofen zouden worden waaronder , Derek Parfit, Peter Singer, , en Bernard Williams. (nl) Richard Mervyn Hare (ur. 21 marca 1919 w Backwell, Somerset, zm. 29 stycznia 2002 w Ewelme, Oxfordshire) – angielski etyk. Jest uznawany za głównego przedstawiciela preskryptywizmu. (pl) Richard Mervyn (R. M.) Hare, född 21 mars 1919 i Backwell i Somerset, död 29 januari 2002 i Ewelme i Oxfordshire, var en brittisk moralfilosof och professor vid Oxfords universitet från 1966 till 1983. Hans metaetiska teorier och utveckling av preskriptivismen var mycket inflytelserika under den andra halvan av 1900-talet. Han ansåg att de formella egenskaperna för moralisk diskurs kan användas för att visa att den korrekta etiska teorin är någon sorts preferensutilitarism. Några av Hares studenter, såsom och Bernard Williams blev senare välkända filosofer. Även filosofen Peter Singer, känd utanför filosofiska kretsar för sitt arbete med djurrättsfrågor, var också en av hans studenter och har erkänt hans influens på sin egen filosofi, även om Singer inte helt anammade Hares universella preskriptivism. (sv) Річард Мервін Хеар (англ. Richard Mervyn Hare; нар.21 березня 1919, Бекуел, Сомерсет, Англія — пом. 29 січня 2002, Юелмі, Оксфордшир, Англія) — англійський філософ, професор моральної філософії у Оксфордському університеті між 1966 і 1983 роками. Згодом протягом декількох років викладав у Флоридському університеті. Його метатеорія мала значний вплив у другій половині ХХ століття. Річард Хеар став відомим завдяки розробці репрекриптивізму як метафізичної теорії. Він вважав, що формальні характеристики морального дискурсу можуть бути використані для того, щоб показати, що належне моральне мислення приведе більшість людей до утилітаризму. Деякі його студенти, такі як Брайан МакГіннес і Бернард Вільямс, стали одними із найвідоміших філософів свого часу. Пітер Сінгер, відомий своєю участю в русі за права тварин, також є студентом Геїра, і, безсумнівно, сприйняв деякі його погляди. (uk) |
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| rdfs:comment | リチャード・マーヴィン・ヘア（Richard Mervyn Hare, 1919年3月21日 - 2002年1月29日）は、イギリスの哲学者。 (ja) Richard Mervyn Hare (Backwell, 21 marzo 1919 – Ewelme, 29 gennaio 2002) è stato un filosofo inglese della morale.La sua teoria metaetica del influì sulla filosofia morale per tutta la seconda parte del XX secolo. (it) 리처드 머빈 헤어 (Richard Mervyn Hare, 1919–2002)는 일반적으로 R. M. 헤어(R. M. Hare)로 알려진 인물로, 1966년부터 1983년까지 옥스퍼드 대학교에서 도덕 철학 교수로 재직 한 영국의 도덕 철학자이다. 그는 이후 플로리다 대학에서 수년간 가르쳤다. 그의 메타윤리학 이론은 20세기 후반에 영향을 미쳤다. 규범주의를 메타 윤리 이론으로 발전시킨 것으로 가장 잘 알려져 있으며, 도덕 담론의 형식적 특징을 분석하여 선호 공리주의를 정당화하였다. 일련의 책에서 보편적 규범주의 이론을 구체화했다. 이에 따르면 '좋은', '당위', '옳음'과 같은 도덕적 용어에는 보편화 가능성 과 규정성이라는 두 가지 논리적 또는 의미론적 속성이 있다. 그는 누군가가 진심으로 "X를 해야 한다"고 말한 다음 X를 하지 않는 것은 의미가 없다고 주장했다. 의지의 약함을 고려하지 않는 것처럼 보였기 때문에, 이는 그의 철학체계의 약점으로 지적되었다. (ko) Richard Mervyn Hare (Backwell, Somerset , 21 de Março de 1919 – Ewelme, Oxfordshire, 29 de Janeiro de 2002), foi um filósofo da moral inglês, na Universidade de Oxford de 1966 a 1983. Depois, durante alguns anos, ensinou na Universidade da Florida. Foi um filósofo muito influente na segunda metade do século XX, conhecido pelo prescritivismo como teoria meta-ética. R. M. Hare acreditava que os aspectos formais do discurso moral podiam ser usados para mostrar que o raciocínio moral correcto levaria muitos agentes a uma forma de preferência utilitarista. (pt) Richard Mervyn Hare (ur. 21 marca 1919 w Backwell, Somerset, zm. 29 stycznia 2002 w Ewelme, Oxfordshire) – angielski etyk. Jest uznawany za głównego przedstawiciela preskryptywizmu. (pl) Richard Hare Mervyn va ser un filòsof anglès sobre moral que va ser professor de Filosofia Moral a la Universitat d'Oxford des del 1966 fins al 1983, i després va ensenyar diversos anys a la Universitat de Florida. La seva ètica meta-teories van ser molt influent durant la segona meitat del segle XX. Alguns dels seu deixebles, com Brian McGuinness i Bernard Williams es van convertir en coneguts filòsofs. Peter Singer (iniciador del concepte dels drets dels animals) també va ser deixeble seu. (ca) Richard Mervyn Hare, oft kurz R. M. Hare genannt (* 21. März 1919 in , Somerset; † 29. Januar 2002 in Ewelme, Oxfordshire), war ein englischer Moralphilosoph, der von 1966 bis 1983 die Stelle eines White Professor of Moral Philosophy an der Universität Oxford innehatte. Seine metaethischen Theorien waren besonders in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts sehr einflussreich. (de) Richard Mervyn Hare, né le 21 mars 1919 et décédé le 29 janvier 2002 est un philosophe moral anglais qui occupa un poste de professeur à l'université d'Oxford de 1966 à 1983. Il a ensuite enseigné pendant un certain nombre d'années à l'université de Floride. Il fut reconnu pour ses théories méta-éthiques au cours de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle et surtout pour son développement du prescriptivisme universel en tant que théorie méta-éthique. Il croyait que les caractéristiques formelles du discours moral pourraient être utilisées pour démontrer qu'un raisonnement moral correct mènerait la plupart du temps à une forme de l'utilitarisme de préférence. (fr) Richard Mervyn Hare FBA (21 March 1919 – 29 January 2002), usually cited as R. M. Hare, was a British moral philosopher who held the post of White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford from 1966 until 1983. He subsequently taught for a number of years at the University of Florida. His meta-ethical theories were influential during the second half of the twentieth century. (en) Richard Mervyn Hare adalah seorang yang terkenal dengan teori filsafat moralnya. Richard Mervyn Hare juga seorang dosen di . Dia menjadi dosen di sana sejak tahun 1966 sampai tahun 1983. Setelah itu, dia menjadi dosen di untuk beberapa tahun lamanya. Pemahaman tentang teori meta-etika sangat mempengaruhi pemikiran filsafat pada pertengahan abad ke dua puluh. Pemahaman meta-etika tersebut merupakan perkembangan dari pemahamannya tentang prescriptivisme. Dia yakin bahwa bentuk formal dari wacana moral dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahwa alasan moral akan memimpin sebagian besar agen untuk membentuk utilitarianisme pilihan. Richard Mervyn Hare banyak dipengaruhi oleh pandangan mengenai emotivisme A. J. Ayer dan , Filsafat Bahasa J. L. Austin, Filsuf Ludwig Wittgenstein, utilitarianisme, (in) Richard Mervyn Hare (Backwell, Somerset, 21 maart 1919 – Ewelme, Oxfordshire, 29 januari 2002) was een Brits moraalfilosoof die lange tijd werkzaam was aan de Universiteit van Oxford (van 1966 tot 1983) en de Universiteit van Florida (van 1983 tot 1994). Zijn invloed is vooral te danken aan zijn meta-ethische theorieën. Hare heeft ook vele studenten gehad die later zelf invloedrijke filosofen zouden worden waaronder , Derek Parfit, Peter Singer, , en Bernard Williams. (nl) Richard Mervyn (R. M.) Hare, född 21 mars 1919 i Backwell i Somerset, död 29 januari 2002 i Ewelme i Oxfordshire, var en brittisk moralfilosof och professor vid Oxfords universitet från 1966 till 1983. Hans metaetiska teorier och utveckling av preskriptivismen var mycket inflytelserika under den andra halvan av 1900-talet. Han ansåg att de formella egenskaperna för moralisk diskurs kan användas för att visa att den korrekta etiska teorin är någon sorts preferensutilitarism. (sv) Річард Мервін Хеар (англ. Richard Mervyn Hare; нар.21 березня 1919, Бекуел, Сомерсет, Англія — пом. 29 січня 2002, Юелмі, Оксфордшир, Англія) — англійський філософ, професор моральної філософії у Оксфордському університеті між 1966 і 1983 роками. Згодом протягом декількох років викладав у Флоридському університеті. Його метатеорія мала значний вплив у другій половині ХХ століття. (uk) |
| rdfs:label | R. M. Hare (en) Richard Hare Mervyn (ca) Richard M. Hare (de) R. M. Hare (eo) Richard Mervyn Hare (fr) R. M. Hare (in) Richard Mervyn Hare (it) R. M. 헤어 (ko) リチャード・マーヴィン・ヘア (ja) Richard Hare (nl) Richard Hare (pl) Richard Mervyn Hare (pt) R.M. Hare (sv) Річард Гее (uk) |
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