Communist insurgency in Sarawak (original) (raw)
- حدث التمرد الشيوعي في ساراواك في ماليزيا بين عامي 1962 و1990، وكان طرفاه الحزب الشيوعي في كالمنتان الشمالية والحكومة الماليزية. وكان هذا التمرد واحدًا من تمردين شيوعيين لتحدي الاستعمار البريطاني السابق في ماليزيا خلال الحرب الباردة. وكما حصل سابقًا أثناء الطوارئ المالايوية (1948-1960)، كان أغلب المتمردين الشيوعيين في ساراواك من أصول صينية، وقد ناهضوا الحكم البريطاني على ساراواك، وعارضوا بعد ذلك اندماج الدولة في اتحاد ماليزيا المنشأ حديثًا. اندلعت حركة التمرد متأثرة بثورة بروناي عام 1962 التي حرضها حزب شعب بروناي اليساري لمعارضة مقترح تشكيل ماليزيا. دعمت إندونيسيا المتمردين الشيوعيين في ساراواك حتى عام 1965 حين تولى السلطة الرئيس الموالي للغرب سوهارتو وأنهى المواجهة الإندونيسية الماليزية. خلال تلك الفترة أسس التشكيلان العسكريان الأساسيان للحزب الشيوعي في كالمنتان الشمالية وهما: قوات حرب العصابات الشعبية في ساراواك (إس بي جي إف) وجيش كالمنتان الشمالية الشعبي (إن كيه بّي إيه). وعقب انتهاء المواجهة الإندونيسية الماليزية، تعاونت القوات الإندونيسية مع الماليزيين في العمليات ضد المتمردين الذين كانوا حلفاء لهم في السابق. أُسس الحزب الشيوعي في كالمنتان الشمالية بشكل رسمي في مارس 1970 من عبر دمج عدة مجموعات شيوعية ويسارية في ساراواك، بينها رابطة تحرير ساراواك (إس إل إل) ورابطة شباب ساراواك التقدمي (إس إيه واي إيه) وجيش كالمنتان الشمالية الشعبي. أنشأت الحكومة الاتحادية الماليزية –في رد على التمرد- العديد من «المناطق الخاضعة للسيطرة» على طول طريق كوتشينغ سيريان في إقليمي ساراواك الأول والثالث في عام 1965. وقد تمكن رئيس وزراء ساراواك عبد الرحمن يعقوب أيضًا من إقناع العديد من متمردي جيش كالمنتان الشمالية الشعبي بالدخول في مفاوضات سلام وإلقاء أسلحتهم بين عامي 1973 و1974. في أعقاب محادثات السلام الناجحة بين الحكومة الماليزية والحزب الشيوعي الملايوي في عام 1989، وقع من تبقى من متمردي الحزب الشيوعي في كالمنتان الشمالية اتفاقية سلام في 17 أكتوبر 1990، ما أنهى التمرد بشكل رسمي. (ar)
- The communist insurgency in Sarawak occurred in Malaysia from 1962 to 1990, and involved the North Kalimantan Communist Party and the Malaysian Government. It was one of the two Communist insurgencies to challenge the former British colony of Malaysia during the Cold War. As with the earlier Malayan Emergency (1948–1960), the Sarawak Communist insurgents were predominantly ethnic Chinese, who opposed to British rule over Sarawak and later opposed the merger of the state into the newly created Federation of Malaysia. The insurgency was triggered by the 1962 Brunei Revolt, which had been instigated by the left-wing Brunei People's Party in opposition to the proposed formation of Malaysia. The Sarawak Communist insurgents were also supported by Indonesia until 1965 when the pro-Western President Suharto assumed power and ended the confrontation with Malaysia. During that period, the NKCP's two main military formations were created: the Sarawak People's Guerilla Force (SPGF) or Pasukan Gerilya Rakyat Sarawak (PGRS), and the North Kalimantan People's Army (NKPA) or the Pasukan Rakyat Kalimantan Utara (PARAKU). Following the end of the Confrontation, Indonesian military forces would co-operate with the Malaysians in counter-insurgency operations against their former allies. The North Kalimantan Communist Party was formally established in March 1970 through the merger of several Communist and left-wing groups in Sarawak including the Sarawak Liberation League (SLL), the Sarawak Advanced Youths' Association (SAYA), and the NKPA. In response to the insurgency, the Malaysian federal government created several "controlled areas" along the Kuching-Serian road in Sarawak's First and Third Divisions in 1965. In addition, the Sarawak Chief Minister Abdul Rahman Ya'kub also managed to convince many of the NKCP insurgents to enter into peace negotiations and lay down their arms between 1973 and 1974. Following the successful peace talks between the Malaysian government and the Malayan Communist Party in 1989, the remaining NKCP insurgents signed a peace agreement on 17 October 1990 which formally ended the insurgency. (en)
- Pemberontakan Komunis di Sarawak terjadi di Malaysia dari 1962 sampai 1990, dan melibatkan Partai Komunis Kalimantan Utara dan Pemerintah Malaysia. Peristiwa tersebut merupakan salah satu dari dua pemberontakan Komunis yang terjadi di bekas koloni Inggris Malaysia saat Perang Dingin. Berawal dari Masa Darurat Malaya (1948–1960), para pemberontak Komunis Sarawak yang umumnya terdiri dari etnis Tionghoa, yang menentang kekuasaan Inggris atas Sarawak dan kemudian menentang penggabungan wilayah tersebut ke dalam Federasi Malaysia yang baru dibentuk. Pemberontakan tersebut disertai dengan Pemberontakan Brunei 1962, yang dilakukan oleh Partai Rakyat Brunei dalam menentang pembentukan Malaysia. Para pemberontak Komunis Sarawak juga sempat didukung oleh Indonesia, tetapi pada tahun 1965 Presiden Suharto yang pro-Barat meraih kekuasaan dan mengakhiri konfrontasi dengan Malaysia. Pada masa tersebut, dua formasi militer utama PKKU dibuat: (PGRS), dan Pasukan Rakyat Kalimantan Utara (PARAKU). Setelah akhir Konfrontasi, pasukan militer Indonesia bekerja sama dengan Malaysia dalam operasi penumpasan pemberontakan komunis. Partai Komunis Kalimantan Utara secara resmi didirikan pada Maret 1970 melalui penggabungan beberapa kelompok Komunis dan sayap kiri di Sarawak yang meliputi Liga Pembebasan Sarawak, Perhimpunan Kemajuan Pemuda Sarawak, dan PKKU. Dalam menanggapi pemberontakan tersebut, pemerintah federal Malaysia membuat beberapa "kawasan terkontrol" di sepanjang jalan Kuching- di Divisi Pertama dan Ketiga Sarawak pada 1965. Selain itu, Ketua Menteri Sarawak Abdul Rahman Ya'kub juga mempersilahkan beberapa pemberontak PKKU untuk memulai negosiasi perdamaian dan menurunkan senjata mereka antara 1973 dan 1974. Setelah perbincangan damai berhasil dilakukan antara pemerintah Malaysia dan Partai Komunis Malaya pada 1989, para pemberontak PKKU yang masih tersisa menandatangani perjanjian damai pada 17 Oktober 1990 yang secara resmi mengakhiri pemberontakan tersebut. (in)
- Powstanie w Sarawaku – konflikt zbrojny toczący się w latach 1962–1990 między siłami bezpieczeństwa Malezji a partyzantami z grup Ludowych Sił Partyzantów Sarawaku i Ludowej Armii Północnego Kalimantanu. Podobnie jak wcześniejsze powstanie malajskie (1948–1960), powstańcy byli głównie Chińczykami przeciwnymi kolonialnym rządom Wielkiej Brytanii, a następnie przyłączeniu Sarawaku do nowo utworzonej Federacji Malezji. Rebelia została wywołana wybuchem powstania w Brunei, sprowokowanego przez lewicową Partię Ludową przeciwną uczestnictwu Brunei w Federacji Malezji. Do 1965 roku partyzanci byli wspierany przez rząd Sukarno z Indonezji, który prowadził politykę konfrontacji indonezyjsko-malezyjskiej. Jednak po zakończeniu konfrontacji, indonezyjskie siły zbrojne rozpoczęły współpracę z rządem Malezji przeciwko dotychczasowym sprzymierzeńcom z ruchu rebelianckiego. Rebelia zakończyła się podpisaniem porozumienia pokojowego w dniu 17 października 1990 roku. (pl)
- Insurgência comunista em Sarauaque (Sarawak) ocorreu na Malásia entre 1962 a 1990, e envolveu o (PCKN) e o governo malaio. Foi uma das duas insurgências comunistas que desafiaram a ex-colônia britânica da Malásia durante a Guerra Fria. Tal como aconteceu anteriormente com a Emergência Malaia (1948-1960), os insurgentes comunistas de Sarauaque eram predominantemente de etnia chinesa, que se opunham ao domínio britânico sobre Sarauaque e mais tarde se opuseram à fusão do estado na recém-criada Federação da Malásia. A insurgência comunista em Sarauaque foi desencadeada pela Revolta de Brunei de 1962, que foi instigada pelos esquerdistas do em oposição a proposta de formação da Malásia. Os insurgentes comunistas de Sarauaque também seriam apoiados pela Indonésia até 1965, quando o presidente pró-ocidental Suharto assumiu o poder e terminou o confronto com a Malásia. Durante esse período, foram criadas duas principais formações militares do Partido Comunista de Calimantã do Norte: a Força de Guerrilha Popular de Sarauaque ou Pasukan Gerilya Rakyat Sarawak (PGRS) e o Exército Popular de Calimantã do Norte ou Pasukan Rakyat Kalimantan Utara (PARAKU). Após o fim do confronto, as forças militares indonésias iriam cooperar com os malaios em operações de contra-insurgência contra seus antigos aliados. O Partido Comunista de Calimantã do Norte foi formalmente criado em março de 1970 através da fusão de diversos grupos comunistas e esquerdistas em Sarauaque incluindo a Liga de Libertação de Sarauaque (LLS), a Associação Avançada dos Jovens de Sarauaque e Exército Popular do Calimantã do Norte. Em resposta à insurgência comunista em Sarauaque, o governo federal malaio criou várias "áreas controladas" ao longo da estrada Kuching- pela Primeira e Terceira Divisões de Sarauaque em 1965. Além disso, o ministro-chefe de Sarauaque também conseguiu convencer muitos dos insurgentes do PCKN a entrar em negociações de paz e depor as armas entre 1973 e 1974. Na sequência das conversações de paz bem sucedidas entre o governo malaio e o em 1989, os insurgentes remanescentes assinaram um acordo de paz em 17 de outubro de 1990, que acabou formalmente com a insurgência. (pt)
- 1962年至1990年,砂拉越共產主義叛亂發生在馬來西亞,涉及北加里曼丹共產黨和馬來西亞政府。它是冷戰期間挑戰前英國殖民地馬來西亞的兩次共產主義叛亂之一。與早期的馬來亞緊急狀態一樣,砂拉越共產黨叛亂分子主要是華裔,他們反對英國對砂拉越的統治,後來反對將該州合併為新成立的馬來西亞聯邦。 叛亂是由1962 年汶萊叛亂引發的,該起義是由左翼汶萊人民黨煽動反對建立馬來西亞。 直到1965年,親西方的印尼總統蘇哈托掌權並結束了與馬來西亞的對抗,砂拉越共產主義叛亂分子也得到了印度尼西亞的支持。在此期間,北加里曼丹共產黨的兩個主要軍事編隊成立:砂拉越人民游擊隊,以及北加里曼丹人民軍。 對抗結束後,印度尼西亞軍隊將與馬來西亞合作,對他們的前盟友進行反叛亂行動。 北加里曼丹共產黨於1970年3月由砂拉越的幾個共產黨和左翼團體合併而成,包括砂拉越解放聯盟、砂拉越先進青年協會和北加里曼丹人民軍。 為應對叛亂,馬來西亞聯邦政府於1965年在砂拉越第一師和第三師的古晉-西連省公路沿線建立了幾個“控制區”。此外,砂拉越首席部長阿都拉曼雅庫布也設法說服許多北加里曼丹共產黨叛亂分子在1973年至1974年間進入和平談判並放下武器。繼馬來西亞政府與馬來亞共產黨在1989年的,剩餘的北加里曼丹共產黨叛亂分子於1990年10月17日簽署了和平協議,正式結束了叛亂。 (zh)
- ----
- 144 wounded
- 99 killed
- ≈2,000 Indonesian soldiers killed or wounded (Communists claims & Approximates by Anonymous)
- ----
- Communistforces:
- Supported by:
- Malayan Communist Party
- (1962–65) (military aid)
- (after 1965) (Indo-Malay border)
- * North Kalimantan National Army (NKNA)
- * North Kalimantan People's Army (NKPA)
- * Sarawak People's Guerilla Force (SPGF)
- *(after 1963)
- *Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA)
- *Sarawak(until 1963)
- Anti-communistforces:
- Brunei People's Party
- North Kalimantan Communist Party
- Other support:
- dbr:Bong_Kee_Chok
- dbr:Hussein_Onn
- dbr:Mahathir_Mohamad
- dbr:Stephen_Kalong_Ningkan
- dbr:Suharto
- dbr:Sukarno
- dbr:Tunku_Abdul_Rahman
- dbr:Walter_Walker_(British_Army_officer)
- dbr:A._M._Azahari
- dbr:Abdul_Rahman_Ya'kub
- dbr:Abdul_Razak_Hussein
- dbr:Abdul_Taib_Mahmud
- dbr:Brigadier
- dbr:Tawi_Sli
- dbr:Chin_Peng
- dbr:A.J._Witono
- 1990-11-03 (xsd:date)
- dbr:Communist_insurgency_in_Malaysia_(1968–89)
- dbr:Cold_War
- dbr:Indonesia–Malaysia_confrontation
- dbr:Formation_of_Malaysia
- Statistics source:
- * Dissolution of theSarawak Communist Organisation/North Kalimantan Communist Party(SCO/NKCP).
- * Peace Declaration ofSri Amanin 1973
- ----
- 1,500+ armed police and soldiers
- 10,000 (1968)
- 3,000+ Indonesian soldiers
- 600–1,000+ guerilla fighters
- Unknown numbers of Indonesian infiltrators
- https://www.nzasia.org.nz/uploads/1/3/2/1/132180707/14_cheah_3.pdf
- http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/09/16/saga-of-communist-insurgency-in-sarawak/
- http://www.theborneopost.com/2014/08/05/former-enemies-meet-as-friends-40-years-later/
- https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=FsgEAQAAIAAJ
- https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve12/d302%7Ctitle=Doc.
- 40110143 (xsd:integer)
- 35200 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
- 1113330894 (xsd:integer)
- dbr:President_of_Indonesia
- dbr:Sarawak
- dbr:Sarawak_People's_Guerilla_Force
- dbr:Sarawak_State_Legislative_Assembly
- dbr:Non-commissioned_officer
- dbr:Melawi_River
- dbc:Anti-communism
- dbc:Wars_involving_the_United_Kingdom
- dbr:Batu_Kitang
- dbr:Bintulu
- dbr:Bong_Kee_Chok
- dbr:Borneo
- dbr:Dayak_people
- dbr:Hussein_Onn
- dbr:Peninsular_Malaysia
- dbr:United_Kingdom
- dbr:The_Borneo_Post
- dbc:20th-century_rebellions
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1963
- dbr:Communism
- dbr:Communist
- dbr:Communist_insurgency_in_Malaysia_(1968–89)
- dbr:Crown_Colony_of_Sarawak
- dbr:Sabah
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1989
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1990
- dbc:Wars_involving_Indonesia
- dbr:Cold_War
- dbr:Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Indonesia)
- dbr:Brunei_Revolt
- dbr:Sarawak_United_People's_Party
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1968
- dbc:History_of_Sarawak
- dbc:Politics_of_Sarawak
- dbc:Proxy_wars
- dbc:Rebellions_in_Asia
- dbc:Sukarno
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1976
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1977
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1978
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1979
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1980
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1981
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1982
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1983
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1984
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1985
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1986
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1987
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1988
- dbc:Military_operations_involving_Malaysia
- dbc:Wars_involving_Malaysia
- dbr:Anti-communism
- dbr:Beratok
- dbr:Mahathir_Mohamad
- dbr:Malayan_Communist_Party
- dbr:Malayan_Emergency
- dbr:Malayan_National_Liberation_Army
- dbr:Malaysia
- dbr:Malaysian_Chinese
- dbr:Sibu
- dbr:Simanggang
- dbr:Stephen_Kalong_Ningkan
- dbr:Suharto
- dbr:Sukarno
- dbr:Colony
- dbr:Commander
- dbr:Public_bathing
- dbr:Malaysian_Special_Branch
- dbc:Cold_War_rebellions
- dbc:Communism-based_civil_wars
- dbc:Communist_rebellions
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1962
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1964
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1965
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1966
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1967
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1969
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1970
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1971
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1972
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1973
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1974
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1975
- dbr:Brunei_People's_Party
- dbr:Tunku_Abdul_Rahman
- dbr:Walter_Walker_(British_Army_officer)
- dbr:West_Kalimantan
- dbr:Wisma_Bapa_Malaysia
- dbr:Pontianak,_Indonesia
- dbr:Malayan_Races_Liberation_Army
- dbr:30_September_Movement
- dbr:A._M._Azahari
- dbr:Abdul_Rahman_Ya'kub
- dbr:Abdul_Razak_Hussein
- dbr:Abdul_Taib_Mahmud
- dbr:Alliance_Party_(Malaysia)
- dbr:Brigadier
- dbr:Briggs_Plan
- dbr:North_Kalimantan
- dbr:North_Kalimantan_Communist_Party
- dbr:North_Kalimantan_People's_Army
- dbr:Parti_Pesaka_Bumiputera_Bersatu
- dbr:Paskhas
- dbr:President_(government_title)
- dbc:Military_history_of_Indonesia
- dbr:Tapah
- dbr:Tawi_Sli
- dbr:Chief_Minister_of_Sarawak
- dbr:Chin_Peng
- dbr:Kalimantan
- dbr:Maoism
- dbc:Communism_in_Malaysia
- dbr:Clandestine_operation
- dbr:Indonesia
- dbr:Indonesian_Marine_Corps
- dbr:Indonesian_National_Armed_Forces
- dbr:Indonesia–Malaysia_confrontation
- dbr:Kopassus
- dbr:Kuching
- dbr:Office_of_the_Historian
- dbr:Rajang_River
- dbr:Second_World_War
- dbr:Sheffield
- dbr:Serian,_Sarawak
- dbr:New_Village
- dbr:Siburan
- dbr:A.M._Azahari
- dbr:US_Department_of_State
- dbr:Indonesian-Malaysian_Confrontation
- dbr:Indonesian_Chinese
- dbr:Indonesian_Communist_Party
- dbr:Indonesian_killings_of_1965–1966
- dbr:A.J._Witono
- dbr:Formation_of_Malaysia
- dbr:Resimen_Para_Komando_Angkatan_Darat
- dbr:Malaysian_government
- dbr:Cheah_Boon_Kheng
- dbr:File:Members_of_the_SPGF,_NKNA_and_TNI_taking_picture_together.jpg
- dbr:Mount_Asuansang
- dbr:Vernon_L._Porritt
- dbr:File:Communist_terrorist_remnants_in_RASCOM_area.gif
- Armed soldiers guarding a group of Chinese villagers who were taking a communal bath in 1965 to prevent them from collaborating with the Communist guerillas and to protect the area from Indonesian infiltrators. (en)
- 99 (xsd:integer)
- 144 (xsd:integer)
- 220 (xsd:integer)
- 260 (xsd:integer)
- 400 (xsd:integer)
- ≈19 civilians killed (en)
- Communist forces: (en)
- ---- (en)
- * Sarawak * Supported by: (en)
- Brunei People's Party * North Kalimantan National Army Malayan Communist Party * Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA) Supported by: (en)
- Anti-communist forces: (en)
- North Kalimantan Communist Party * Sarawak People's Guerilla Force * North Kalimantan People's Army ---- (en)
- Other support: (en)
- Tunku Abdul Rahman (en)
- Abdul Razak Hussein (en)
- Hussein Onn (en)
- Mahathir Mohamad (en)
- Walter Walker (en)
- Abdul Rahman Ya'kub (en)
- Abdul Taib Mahmud (en)
- Chin Peng (en)
- Yassin Affandi (en)
- A. M. Azahari (en)
- Ang Chu Ting (en)
- Bong Kee Chok (en)
- Brigadier Othman Ibrahim (en)
- Brigadier Ungku Nazaruddin ---- Suharto (en)
- Cheung Ah Wah ---- Sukarno (en)
- General A.J. Witono (en)
- Lam Wah Kwai (en)
- Stephen Kalong Ningkan (en)
- Tawi Sli (en)
- Wen Ming Chyuan (en)
- Wong Lieng Kui (en)
- Yang Chu Chung (en)
- Yap Choon Hau (en)
- Communist insurgency in Sarawak (en)
- 0001-11-03 (xsd:gMonthDay)
- 300 (xsd:integer)
- Statistics source: (en)
- Formation of Malaysia, Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation, Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–89) and Cold War (en)
- * Peace Declaration of Sri Aman in 1973 * Dissolution of the Sarawak Communist Organisation/North Kalimantan Communist Party . (en)
- 600 (xsd:integer)
- 1500 (xsd:integer)
- 3000 (xsd:integer)
- dbt:Circa
- dbt:Cite_book
- dbt:Cite_journal
- dbt:Cite_news
- dbt:Cite_web
- dbt:Cold_War
- dbt:Communism_in_Malaysia
- dbt:EngvarB
- dbt:Flag
- dbt:Flagicon_image
- dbt:History_of_Malaysia
- dbt:Infobox_military_conflict
- dbt:Reflist
- dbt:Short_description
- dbt:Use_dmy_dates
- dbt:Flagdeco
- dbt:Formation_of_Malaysia
- dbt:History_of_East_Malaysia
- dbt:British_colonial_campaigns
- dbt:Communism_in_Indonesia
- dbc:Anti-communism
- dbc:Wars_involving_the_United_Kingdom
- dbc:20th-century_rebellions
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1963
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1989
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1990
- dbc:Wars_involving_Indonesia
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1968
- dbc:History_of_Sarawak
- dbc:Politics_of_Sarawak
- dbc:Proxy_wars
- dbc:Rebellions_in_Asia
- dbc:Sukarno
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1976
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1977
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1978
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1979
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1980
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1981
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1982
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1983
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1984
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1985
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1986
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1987
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1988
- dbc:Military_operations_involving_Malaysia
- dbc:Wars_involving_Malaysia
- dbc:Cold_War_rebellions
- dbc:Communism-based_civil_wars
- dbc:Communist_rebellions
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1962
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1964
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1965
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1966
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1967
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1969
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1970
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1971
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1972
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1973
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1974
- dbc:Conflicts_in_1975
- dbc:Military_history_of_Indonesia
- dbc:Communism_in_Malaysia
- 1962年至1990年,砂拉越共產主義叛亂發生在馬來西亞,涉及北加里曼丹共產黨和馬來西亞政府。它是冷戰期間挑戰前英國殖民地馬來西亞的兩次共產主義叛亂之一。與早期的馬來亞緊急狀態一樣,砂拉越共產黨叛亂分子主要是華裔,他們反對英國對砂拉越的統治,後來反對將該州合併為新成立的馬來西亞聯邦。 叛亂是由1962 年汶萊叛亂引發的,該起義是由左翼汶萊人民黨煽動反對建立馬來西亞。 直到1965年,親西方的印尼總統蘇哈托掌權並結束了與馬來西亞的對抗,砂拉越共產主義叛亂分子也得到了印度尼西亞的支持。在此期間,北加里曼丹共產黨的兩個主要軍事編隊成立:砂拉越人民游擊隊,以及北加里曼丹人民軍。 對抗結束後,印度尼西亞軍隊將與馬來西亞合作,對他們的前盟友進行反叛亂行動。 北加里曼丹共產黨於1970年3月由砂拉越的幾個共產黨和左翼團體合併而成,包括砂拉越解放聯盟、砂拉越先進青年協會和北加里曼丹人民軍。 為應對叛亂,馬來西亞聯邦政府於1965年在砂拉越第一師和第三師的古晉-西連省公路沿線建立了幾個“控制區”。此外,砂拉越首席部長阿都拉曼雅庫布也設法說服許多北加里曼丹共產黨叛亂分子在1973年至1974年間進入和平談判並放下武器。繼馬來西亞政府與馬來亞共產黨在1989年的,剩餘的北加里曼丹共產黨叛亂分子於1990年10月17日簽署了和平協議,正式結束了叛亂。 (zh)
- حدث التمرد الشيوعي في ساراواك في ماليزيا بين عامي 1962 و1990، وكان طرفاه الحزب الشيوعي في كالمنتان الشمالية والحكومة الماليزية. وكان هذا التمرد واحدًا من تمردين شيوعيين لتحدي الاستعمار البريطاني السابق في ماليزيا خلال الحرب الباردة. وكما حصل سابقًا أثناء الطوارئ المالايوية (1948-1960)، كان أغلب المتمردين الشيوعيين في ساراواك من أصول صينية، وقد ناهضوا الحكم البريطاني على ساراواك، وعارضوا بعد ذلك اندماج الدولة في اتحاد ماليزيا المنشأ حديثًا. اندلعت حركة التمرد متأثرة بثورة بروناي عام 1962 التي حرضها حزب شعب بروناي اليساري لمعارضة مقترح تشكيل ماليزيا. (ar)
- The communist insurgency in Sarawak occurred in Malaysia from 1962 to 1990, and involved the North Kalimantan Communist Party and the Malaysian Government. It was one of the two Communist insurgencies to challenge the former British colony of Malaysia during the Cold War. As with the earlier Malayan Emergency (1948–1960), the Sarawak Communist insurgents were predominantly ethnic Chinese, who opposed to British rule over Sarawak and later opposed the merger of the state into the newly created Federation of Malaysia. The insurgency was triggered by the 1962 Brunei Revolt, which had been instigated by the left-wing Brunei People's Party in opposition to the proposed formation of Malaysia. (en)
- Pemberontakan Komunis di Sarawak terjadi di Malaysia dari 1962 sampai 1990, dan melibatkan Partai Komunis Kalimantan Utara dan Pemerintah Malaysia. Peristiwa tersebut merupakan salah satu dari dua pemberontakan Komunis yang terjadi di bekas koloni Inggris Malaysia saat Perang Dingin. Berawal dari Masa Darurat Malaya (1948–1960), para pemberontak Komunis Sarawak yang umumnya terdiri dari etnis Tionghoa, yang menentang kekuasaan Inggris atas Sarawak dan kemudian menentang penggabungan wilayah tersebut ke dalam Federasi Malaysia yang baru dibentuk. Pemberontakan tersebut disertai dengan Pemberontakan Brunei 1962, yang dilakukan oleh Partai Rakyat Brunei dalam menentang pembentukan Malaysia. (in)
- Powstanie w Sarawaku – konflikt zbrojny toczący się w latach 1962–1990 między siłami bezpieczeństwa Malezji a partyzantami z grup Ludowych Sił Partyzantów Sarawaku i Ludowej Armii Północnego Kalimantanu. (pl)
- Insurgência comunista em Sarauaque (Sarawak) ocorreu na Malásia entre 1962 a 1990, e envolveu o (PCKN) e o governo malaio. Foi uma das duas insurgências comunistas que desafiaram a ex-colônia britânica da Malásia durante a Guerra Fria. Tal como aconteceu anteriormente com a Emergência Malaia (1948-1960), os insurgentes comunistas de Sarauaque eram predominantemente de etnia chinesa, que se opunham ao domínio britânico sobre Sarauaque e mais tarde se opuseram à fusão do estado na recém-criada Federação da Malásia. A insurgência comunista em Sarauaque foi desencadeada pela Revolta de Brunei de 1962, que foi instigada pelos esquerdistas do em oposição a proposta de formação da Malásia. (pt)
- Communist insurgency in Sarawak (en)
- التمرد الشيوعي في ساراواك (ar)
- Pemberontakan Komunis di Sarawak (in)
- Insurgência comunista em Sarauaque (pt)
- Powstanie w Sarawaku (pl)
- 砂拉越共產黨叛亂 (zh)
- yago-res:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
- wikidata:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
- dbpedia-ar:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
- dbpedia-id:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
- dbpedia-ms:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
- dbpedia-pl:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
- dbpedia-pt:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
- dbpedia-vi:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
- dbpedia-zh:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
- https://global.dbpedia.org/id/fvTy
- wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Flag_of_Sarawak_(1946–1963).svg
- wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Armed_soldiers_stand_guard_in_Sarawak,_1965.jpg
- wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Flag_of_the_Malayan_National_Liberation_Army.svg
- wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Flag_of_the_North_Borneo_Federation.svg
- wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Flag_of_the_Sarawak_People's_Guerilla_Force.svg
- wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Members_of_the_SPGF,_NKNA_and_TNI_taking_picture_together.jpg
- wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Communist_terrorist_remnants_in_RASCOM_area.gif
- Communist insurgency in Sarawak (en)
is dbo:battle of
is dbo:usedInWar of
is dbo:wikiPageDisambiguates of
is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of
is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of
- dbr:Cadillac_Gage_Commando
- dbr:Sarikei
- dbr:List_of_conflicts_by_duration
- dbr:List_of_civil_wars
- dbr:List_of_wars_involving_Thailand
- dbr:People's_war
- dbr:Communist_insurgency_in_Malaysia_(1968–1989)
- dbr:Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Indonesia
- dbr:Luhut_Binsar_Pandjaitan
- dbr:Malaysia
- dbr:Malaysian_Chinese
- dbr:Communist_revolution
- dbr:8th_Battalion_(Parachute),_Royal_Ranger_Regiment
- dbr:A._J._Witono
- dbr:Hendrik_Isam_Mahar
- dbr:Sarawak_Communist_Insurgency
- dbr:Army_Military_Police_Corps_(Indonesia)
- dbr:Cold_War_(1979–1985)
- dbr:Australia–Malaysia_relations
- dbr:Indonesian_Air_Force
- dbr:Indonesian_National_Armed_Forces
- dbr:Indonesian_Navy
- dbr:Indonesia–Malaysia_confrontation
- dbr:Rajang_River
- dbr:Communist_insurgency
- dbr:List_of_wars:_1945–1989
- dbr:Sino-Third_World_relations
- dbr:Sarawak_People's_Guerrilla_Forces
is dbp:battles of
is dbp:wars of
is foaf:primaryTopic of