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Stapleton Stapleton-Cotton, 1. Viscount Combermere (geborener Cotton, * 14. November 1773 in , Denbighshire; † 21. Februar 1865 in bei Bristol) war ein britischer Feldmarschall und Politiker. (de) Stapleton Cotton, 1er vicomte de Combermere, né le 14 novembre 1773 à Lleweni Hall dans le Denbighshire et mort le 21 février 1865 à Bristol, est un militaire, diplomate et homme politique britannique. Après avoir combattu comme officier subalterne dans les Flandres et lors de la quatrième guerre du Mysore, il participe à la répression de l'insurrection de Robert Emmet en 1803 et reçoit le commandement d'une brigade de cavalerie dans la guerre de la péninsule Ibérique. Il commande toute la cavalerie britannique dans la deuxième moitié de la guerre. Il est ensuite affecté en Irlande puis aux Indes où il prend d'assaut la ville de Bharatpur, réputée imprenable. Cotton est élevé au grade de field marshal en 1855. (fr) Field Marshal Stapleton Cotton, 1st Viscount Combermere GCB GCH KSI PC (14 November 1773 – 21 February 1865), was a British Army officer, diplomat and politician. As a junior officer he took part in the Flanders Campaign, in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War and in the suppression of Robert Emmet's insurrection in 1803. He commanded a cavalry brigade in Sir Arthur Wellesley's Army before being given overall command of the cavalry in the latter stages of the Peninsular War. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief, Ireland and then Commander-in-Chief, India. In the latter role he stormed Bharatpur—a fort which previously had been deemed impregnable. (en) 제1대 컴베미어 자작 스테이플튼 코튼(영어: Stapleton Cotton, 1st Viscount Combermere, 1773년 11월 14일~1865년 2월 21일)은 영국 육군 장교이자 정치가, 외교관이다. 하급 장교로서 그는 플랑드르 전역, , 1803년 의 반란 진압에 참여했다. 그는 아서 웰즐리 경의 군대에서 기병여단을 지휘하다가 반도 전쟁 말기 기병대의 총지휘권을 부여받았다. 그는 아일랜드 총사령관이 되었고, 그 후 인도 총사령관이 되었다. 인도 총사령관 재직 시절, 그는 이전에 난공불락으로 여겨졌던 요새인 바라트푸르를 습격했다. (ko) Stapleton Cotton, I visconte Combermere (Denbighshire, 14 novembre 1773 – , 21 febbraio 1865), è stato un generale britannico. (it) Stapleton Cotton (ur. 14 listopada 1773 w Llewenny Hall w Denbighshire, zm. 21 lutego 1865 w Clifton) – brytyjski arystokrata, polityk i wojskowy, młodszy syn sir Roberta Cottona, 5. baroneta i Frances Stapleton, córki pułkownika James Russella Stapletona. Kształcił się w Westminster School. W wieku 16 lat wstąpił do wojska, do 23. Regimentu Pieszego w stopniu podporucznika. W 1793 r. kapitanem 6. pułku Dragonów Gwardii. Razem z regimentem uczestniczył w kampanii we Flandrii. Niedługo później został podpułkownikiem i wstąpił do 25. pułku Lekkich Dragonów. Wkrótce stał się ulubieńcem króla Jerzego III, który przeprowadzał inspekcję pułku w Weymouth. W 1796 r. wraz z pułkiem został skierowany do Indii. Po drodze wziął udział w lokalnych operacjach w Kraju Przylądkowego (lipiec – sierpień 1796). Na subkontynencie indyjskim bram udział w wojnie z Tipu Sultanem i brał udział w szturmie Seringapatamu w 1799 r. W tym czasie, po śmierci starszego brata, został dziedzicem tytułu baroneta. Ojciec załatwił więc synowi odwołanie z Indii. Cotton rozpoczął więc służbę w 15. pułku Lekkich Dragonów. Razem z pułkiem brał udział w walkach z irlandzkimi powstańcami i w 1800 r. otrzymał awans na stopień pułkownika. Pięć lat później został generałem-majorem. W latach 1806–1814 był członkiem Izby Gmin z okręgu Newark. W 1809 r. odziedziczył tytuł 6. baroneta. Cotton został ponownie powołany do wojska w 1808 r., kiedy to cesarz Napoleon wkroczył na Półwysep Iberyjski i zajął Hiszpanię i Portugalię. Na pomoc tej ostatniej Brytyjczycy wysłali korpus ekspedycyjny pod dowództwem generała Arthura Wellesleya, późniejszego księcia Wellington. Cotton objął w korpusie stanowisko dowódcy kawalerii. Odznaczył się tam w wielu bitwach. Walnie przyczynił się do zwycięstwa w 22 lipca 1812 r., za co osobiście podziękował mu Wellington. Niedługo po bitwie został ciężko ranny. Po zakończeniu działań wojennych w 1814 r., już jako generał-porucznik i kawaler Orderu Łaźni, został parem Zjednoczonego Królestwa jako baron Combermere. Nie uczestniczył w bitwie pod Waterloo. W jego miejsce dowódcą kawalerii został lord Uxbridge. Kiedy ten został ranny, Combermere'a wysłano jako jego zastępcę. Kiedy przybył do Francji było już po wojnie. W 1817 został gubernatorem Barbadosu i dowódcą wojsk brytyjskich w Indiach Zachodnich. W latach 1814-1820, baron zajął się przebudową swojej rodowej rezydencji Combermere Abbey w stylu neogotyckim. W 1820 odwiedził go tam książę Wellington. Na jego cześć wybudowano tzw. Skrzydło Wellingtona (obecnie zniszczone). W latach 1822–1825 dowodził wojskami w Irlandii. Później został wysłany do Indii, gdzie brał udział w oblężeniu w 1826. Rok później otrzymał tytuł wicehrabiego Combermere. Po powrocie do domu otrzymał wiele orderów i urzędów. Został m.in. kawalerem Krzyża Wielkiego Orderu Łaźni, kawalerem Orderu Gwelfów i kawalerem Orderu Gwiazdy Indii. W 1834 r. został członkiem Tajnej Rady. W 1852 r. Konstablem Twierdzy Tower i Lordem Namiestnikiem Tower Hamlets. W 1855 został awansowany do rangi marszałka polnego. Cotton zmarł w 1865 r. (pl) Степлтон Коттон, 1-й виконт Комбермер (англ. Stapleton Cotton, 1st Viscount Combermere; 14 ноября 1773 — 21 февраля 1865) — британский фельдмаршал и полковник 1-й лейб-гвардии. Рыцарь ордена Бани и королевского гвельфского ордена, командор ордена Звезды Индии. Второй сын сэра Роберта Сэлисбери Коттона, 5-го баронета аббатства Комбермер (Шропшир). Родился 14 ноября 1773 года в Ллевени-Холл (Денбишир). Он служил под началом Артура Веллингтона, 1-го герцога Веллингтона и отличился войне на Пиренейском полуострове. (ru) |
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Stapleton Stapleton-Cotton, 1. Viscount Combermere (geborener Cotton, * 14. November 1773 in , Denbighshire; † 21. Februar 1865 in bei Bristol) war ein britischer Feldmarschall und Politiker. (de) Stapleton Cotton, 1er vicomte de Combermere, né le 14 novembre 1773 à Lleweni Hall dans le Denbighshire et mort le 21 février 1865 à Bristol, est un militaire, diplomate et homme politique britannique. Après avoir combattu comme officier subalterne dans les Flandres et lors de la quatrième guerre du Mysore, il participe à la répression de l'insurrection de Robert Emmet en 1803 et reçoit le commandement d'une brigade de cavalerie dans la guerre de la péninsule Ibérique. Il commande toute la cavalerie britannique dans la deuxième moitié de la guerre. Il est ensuite affecté en Irlande puis aux Indes où il prend d'assaut la ville de Bharatpur, réputée imprenable. Cotton est élevé au grade de field marshal en 1855. (fr) Field Marshal Stapleton Cotton, 1st Viscount Combermere GCB GCH KSI PC (14 November 1773 – 21 February 1865), was a British Army officer, diplomat and politician. As a junior officer he took part in the Flanders Campaign, in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War and in the suppression of Robert Emmet's insurrection in 1803. He commanded a cavalry brigade in Sir Arthur Wellesley's Army before being given overall command of the cavalry in the latter stages of the Peninsular War. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief, Ireland and then Commander-in-Chief, India. In the latter role he stormed Bharatpur—a fort which previously had been deemed impregnable. (en) Stapleton Cotton, I visconte Combermere (Denbighshire, 14 novembre 1773 – , 21 febbraio 1865), è stato un generale britannico. (it) Степлтон Коттон, 1-й виконт Комбермер (англ. Stapleton Cotton, 1st Viscount Combermere; 14 ноября 1773 — 21 февраля 1865) — британский фельдмаршал и полковник 1-й лейб-гвардии. Рыцарь ордена Бани и королевского гвельфского ордена, командор ордена Звезды Индии. Второй сын сэра Роберта Сэлисбери Коттона, 5-го баронета аббатства Комбермер (Шропшир). Родился 14 ноября 1773 года в Ллевени-Холл (Денбишир). Он служил под началом Артура Веллингтона, 1-го герцога Веллингтона и отличился войне на Пиренейском полуострове. (ru) Stapleton Cotton (ur. 14 listopada 1773 w Llewenny Hall w Denbighshire, zm. 21 lutego 1865 w Clifton) – brytyjski arystokrata, polityk i wojskowy, młodszy syn sir Roberta Cottona, 5. baroneta i Frances Stapleton, córki pułkownika James Russella Stapletona. Cotton zmarł w 1865 r. (pl) |
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Stapleton Cotton, 1. Viscount Combermere (de) Stapleton Cotton (fr) Stapleton Cotton, I visconte Combermere (it) 제1대 컴베미어 자작 스테이플튼 코튼 (ko) Stapleton Cotton (pl) Stapleton Cotton, 1st Viscount Combermere (en) Коттон, Степлтон (ru) |
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