Sunda Straits Crisis (original) (raw)
Krisis Selat Sunda adalah konfrontasi yang berlangsung selama dua pekan pada bulan Agustus dan September 1964. Inggris Raya dan Indonesia melakukan konfrontasi atas jalur yang diambil oleh kapal induk Inggris HMS Victorious saat melewati Selat Sunda, selat yang memisahkan Pulau Jawa dan Pulau Sumatra. Kejadian ini merupakan bagian dari Konfrontasi Indonesia-Malaysia, yakni konflik bersenjata antara Indonesia dan Malaysia (yang didukung oleh militer Inggris) selama pembentukan Malaysia sebagai negara merdeka.
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| dbo:abstract | Krisis Selat Sunda adalah konfrontasi yang berlangsung selama dua pekan pada bulan Agustus dan September 1964. Inggris Raya dan Indonesia melakukan konfrontasi atas jalur yang diambil oleh kapal induk Inggris HMS Victorious saat melewati Selat Sunda, selat yang memisahkan Pulau Jawa dan Pulau Sumatra. Kejadian ini merupakan bagian dari Konfrontasi Indonesia-Malaysia, yakni konflik bersenjata antara Indonesia dan Malaysia (yang didukung oleh militer Inggris) selama pembentukan Malaysia sebagai negara merdeka. Pada tanggal 27 Agustus 1964, HMS Victorious dan dua kapal penghancur yang berperan sebagai pengawal berlayar melintasi Selat Sunda, perairan internasional yang diklaim oleh Indonesia, menuju Australia. Pihak Inggris memberikan pemberitahuan ringan mendadak tentang lewatnya kapal-kapal tersebut hanya dengan panggilan telepon dua hari sebelum jadwal, mereka juga tidak menyebutkan adanya kapal induk dalam rombongan tersebut. Pihak Indonesia tidak menerima perlakuan tersebut dan khawatir akan kemungkinan bahwa Inggris sedang berusaha untuk memprovokasi Indonesia agar memberikan respons keras. Pada dua hari kemudian, Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia memutuskan untuk melarang kapal-kapal perang tersebut kembali ke Singapura pada pertengahan September. Relawan Indonesia di Malaysia barat daya sebelumnya baru saja melakukan pendaratan di Pontian dan Labis. Larangan yang diberikan untuk HMS Victorious dianggap sebagai penghinaan berulang terhadap martabat Inggris. Anggota Kabinet Inggris, khususnya Peter Thorneycroft dan Louis Mountbatten, berkeras mengirim kapal induk tersebut kembali melalui Selat Sunda, mengabaikan larangan Indonesia. Komandan angkatan laut Inggris di Timur Jauh merasa khawatir bahwa HMS Victorious tidak akan dapat melakukan pertahanan bila melalui rute tersebut tetapi, jika kapal tersebut tidak melewati Selat Sunda kembali, Inggris akan mengalami kekalahan besar politik baik pada skala domestik maupun internasional dan kehilangan hak-hak di jalur perairan yang penting. Situasi semakin menegang karena baik Inggris maupun Indonesia menolak untuk mengalah dan, ketika jadwal kapal induk tersebut untuk berlayar semakin mendekat, perang tampak semakin mungkin terjadi. Pada 10 September, Indonesia memberi tawaran jalan keluar: rute alternatif melalui Selat Lombok. Inggris mengambil tawaran ini, melegakan kedua belah pihak, dan HMS Victorious kembali melalui wilayah Indonesia dengan damai. Perang tidak terjadi dan puncak ketegangan Konfrontasi berlalu. Ancaman perang habis-habisan tidak pernah muncul kembali meskipun masih terdapat beberapa pertempuran darat besar di Borneo utara pada musim semi berikutnya. Konfrontasi menyurut pada akhir musim gugur tahun 1965. Konfrontasi tidak sempat mengalami eskalasi menjadi konflik besar dan penandatanganan kesepakatan damai dilakukan pada tahun berikutnya. (in) The Sunda Straits Crisis was a two-week confrontation between the United Kingdom and Indonesia over the passage of the Illustrious-class aircraft carrier HMS Victorious through the Sunda Strait, a major waterway separating the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra, occurring between August and September 1964. The incident was part of the larger Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, an armed conflict between Indonesia and Malaysia (with the military support of Britain) over the formation of the latter as an independent state. On 27 August 1964, the British aircraft carrier HMS Victorious and her two destroyer escorts sailed through the Sunda Strait, an international waterway claimed by Indonesia, en route to Australia. Upset by the casual warning the British had given of the ships' impending passage through the Strait (a telephone call made two days before, which did not mention the carrier) and wary of the possibility that the British were attempting to provoke a violent response, the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs decided two days later to prohibit the warships from making the return journey to Singapore, scheduled for the middle of September. Infuriated by what was perceived as yet another affront to British prestige after the recent landings at Pontian and Labis by Indonesian volunteers in southwestern Malaysia, members of the British Cabinet, particularly Peter Thorneycroft and Louis Mountbatten, favoured sending the carrier back through the Strait in spite of the Indonesian ban. Though British naval commanders in the Far East had grave concerns that the Victorious would be indefensible while in passage, the prevailing opinion was that not to send the ship would result in an immense political defeat on both a domestic and international scale as well as the loss of rights to an important waterway. Tension mounted as the British and Indonesians each refused to bend, and as the carrier's time to sail came, war became increasingly likely. On 10 September, however, the Indonesians proposed a way out: an alternative route through the Lombok Strait. The British took them up on this offer, to the relief of both parties, and the Victorious made a peaceful return through Indonesian territory. War was averted, and the climax of tensions during the Confrontation had been passed. Never again was the threat of all-out war a realistic possibility, despite some large land battles in northern Borneo the following spring, and the Confrontation wound down by late fall of 1965. It had never escalated into a major conflict, and a peace deal was signed the following year. (en) |
| dbo:causalties | none |
| dbo:commander | dbr:Peter_Thorneycroft dbr:Varyl_Begg dbr:Louis_Mountbatten,_1st_Earl_Mountbatten_of_Burma dbr:Subandrio dbr:Sukarno dbr:Suwito |
| dbo:date | 1964-09-10 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:isPartOfMilitaryConflict | dbr:Indonesia-Malaysia_confrontation |
| dbo:place | dbr:Sunda_Strait dbr:Indonesia |
| dbo:result | Indecisive |
| dbo:strength | 2 frigates 3 destroyers 1 aircraft carrier full strength of theIndonesian Air Force number of light surface vessels and submarines |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Sunda_Strait_map-fr.svg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 53551016 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 29231 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1124943453 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Carrier_battle_group dbr:Royal_Navy dbr:Sarawak dbr:Borneo dbr:David_Luce dbr:Destroyer dbr:Peter_Thorneycroft dbr:Chargé_d'affaires dbr:United_Kingdom dbr:United_Nations dbr:Varyl_Begg dbr:Independence_Day_(Indonesia) dbr:Indonesia-Malaysia_confrontation dbr:International_waters dbr:Commonwealth_of_Nations dbr:Communist_Party_of_Indonesia dbr:Counter-insurgency dbr:Sabah dbr:Fremantle dbr:Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom) dbr:Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Indonesia) dbr:Military_attaché dbc:International_maritime_incidents dbr:Antony_Head,_1st_Viscount_Head dbr:Lombok_Strait dbr:Louis_Mountbatten,_1st_Earl_Mountbatten_of_Burma dbr:Malay_Peninsula dbr:Malayan_Emergency dbr:Malaysia dbr:Malcolm_MacDonald dbr:Singapore dbr:Subandrio dbr:Sukarno dbc:1964_in_Indonesia dbc:Indonesia–United_Kingdom_relations dbc:Conflicts_in_1964 dbr:Australia dbr:British_Malaya dbr:Brunei dbr:Brunei_revolt dbc:August_1964_events_in_Asia dbc:September_1964_events_in_Asia dbr:Tunku_Abdul_Rahman dbr:Tupolev_Tu-16 dbr:Western_Australia dbr:Western_New_Guinea dbr:Alec_Douglas-Home dbr:Far_East dbr:First_Sea_Lord dbr:Foreign_and_Commonwealth_Office dbr:Brinkmanship dbr:North_Vietnam dbr:Military_exercise dbr:West_New_Guinea_dispute dbc:Sunda_Strait dbr:Gulf_of_Tonkin_incident dbr:HMS_Berwick_(F115) dbr:HMS_Caesar_(R07) dbr:HMS_Cavendish_(R15) dbr:HMS_Centaur_(R06) dbr:HMS_Dido_(F104) dbr:HMS_Hampshire_(D06) dbr:HMS_Victorious_(R38) dbr:Jakarta dbr:Java dbr:Kalimantan dbr:Landing_at_Labis dbr:Landing_at_Pontian dbr:Sumatra dbr:Sunda_Strait dbr:Southeast_Asia dbr:Soviet_Union dbr:Guerrilla_warfare dbr:Illustrious-class_aircraft_carrier dbr:Imperialism dbr:Indonesia dbr:Indonesian_Air_Force dbr:Indonesian_Navy dbr:Indonesia–Malaysia_confrontation dbr:Rab_Butler dbr:Secretary_of_State_for_Foreign_and_Commonwealth_Affairs dbr:Senoi_Praaq dbr:Commonwealth_Relations_Office dbr:Submarine dbr:Suwito dbr:File:HMS_Victorious_(R38)_underway_in_the_Pacific_Ocean_c1964.jpg dbr:File:Sukarno,_Sang_Saka_Melanglang_Djagad,_p12.jpg dbr:File:Subandrio_1964.jpg dbr:File:Captured_Indonesian_Infiltrators_(AWM_P01499.005).JPG |
| dbp:caption | The Sunda Strait separating Java and Sumatra was the center of the Crisis. (en) |
| dbp:casualties | none (en) |
| dbp:commander | Sukarno (en) (en) Peter Thorneycroft (en) Suwito (en) Earl Mountbatten of Burma (en) Subandrio (en) Varyl Begg (en) |
| dbp:conflict | Sunda Straits Crisis (en) |
| dbp:date | 0001-08-27 (xsd:gMonthDay) |
| dbp:imageSize | 300 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:partof | the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation (en) |
| dbp:place | dbr:Sunda_Strait dbr:Indonesia |
| dbp:result | Indecisive (en) |
| dbp:strength | 1 (xsd:integer) 2 (xsd:integer) 3 (xsd:integer) full strength of the Indonesian Air Force (en) number of light surface vessels and submarines (en) |
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| dct:subject | dbc:International_maritime_incidents dbc:1964_in_Indonesia dbc:Indonesia–United_Kingdom_relations dbc:Conflicts_in_1964 dbc:August_1964_events_in_Asia dbc:September_1964_events_in_Asia dbc:Sunda_Strait |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing schema:Event dul:Event dbo:SocietalEvent wikidata:Q1656682 dbo:Event dbo:MilitaryConflict |
| rdfs:comment | Krisis Selat Sunda adalah konfrontasi yang berlangsung selama dua pekan pada bulan Agustus dan September 1964. Inggris Raya dan Indonesia melakukan konfrontasi atas jalur yang diambil oleh kapal induk Inggris HMS Victorious saat melewati Selat Sunda, selat yang memisahkan Pulau Jawa dan Pulau Sumatra. Kejadian ini merupakan bagian dari Konfrontasi Indonesia-Malaysia, yakni konflik bersenjata antara Indonesia dan Malaysia (yang didukung oleh militer Inggris) selama pembentukan Malaysia sebagai negara merdeka. (in) The Sunda Straits Crisis was a two-week confrontation between the United Kingdom and Indonesia over the passage of the Illustrious-class aircraft carrier HMS Victorious through the Sunda Strait, a major waterway separating the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra, occurring between August and September 1964. The incident was part of the larger Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation, an armed conflict between Indonesia and Malaysia (with the military support of Britain) over the formation of the latter as an independent state. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Krisis Selat Sunda (in) Sunda Straits Crisis (en) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:Brunei_Revolt dbr:Landing_at_Pontian |
| owl:sameAs | yago-res:Sunda Straits Crisis wikidata:Sunda Straits Crisis dbpedia-id:Sunda Straits Crisis dbpedia-ms:Sunda Straits Crisis https://global.dbpedia.org/id/2i7Ty |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Sunda_Straits_Crisis?oldid=1124943453&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/HMS_Victorious_(R38)_underway_in_the_Pacific_Ocean_c1964.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Subandrio_1964.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Sunda_Strait_map-fr.svg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Captured_Indonesian_Infiltrators_(AWM_P01499.005).jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Sukarno,_Sang_Saka_Melanglang_Djagad,_p12.jpg |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Sunda_Straits_Crisis |
| foaf:name | Sunda Straits Crisis (en) |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Peter_Thorneycroft dbr:Subandrio dbr:Sukarno dbr:Combat_operations_in_1964_during_the_Indonesia–Malaysia_confrontation dbr:HMS_Victorious_(R38) dbr:Landing_at_Pontian dbr:Sunda_Strait dbr:Indonesia–Malaysia_confrontation |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Sunda_Straits_Crisis |
