USS Bonhomme Richard (1765) (original) (raw)
Bonhomme Richard, formerly Duc de Duras, was a warship in the American Continental Navy named for Founding Father Benjamin Franklin. She was originally an East Indiaman, a merchant ship built in France for the French East India Company in 1765, for service between France and Asia. She was placed at the disposal of John Paul Jones on 4 February 1779, by King Louis XVI of France as a result of a loan to the United States by French shipping magnate Jacques-Donatien Le Ray.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:MeanOfTransportation/length | 46329.6 |
| dbo:abstract | Das erste Schiff, das den Namen Bonhomme Richard führte, war eine Fregatte der Continental Navy (der späteren U.S. Navy.) Erbaut wurde sie als Handelsschiff der Französischen Ostindienkompanie unter dem Namen Duc de Duras für Fahrten zwischen Frankreich und dem Orient. Am 4. Februar 1779 wurde das Kommando über das umgebaute Schiffe durch König Ludwig XVI. an den Kapitän John Paul Jones übergeben und den USA als Leihgabe zur Verfügung gestellt. Zu Ehren von Benjamin Franklin, dem diplomatischen Vertreter der USA in Paris, der hier den Poor Richard’s Almanac (auf französisch Les Maximes du Bonhomme Richard) veröffentlicht hatte, nannte Jones das Schiff Bon Homme Richard. (Durchgesetzt hat sich jedoch die korrekte französische Schreibweise Bonhomme Richard.) (de) Le Bonhomme Richard, anciennement connu comme le Duc de Duras, était une frégate de la Continental Navy, la marine constituée lors de la révolution américaine. Ancien indiaman de la Compagnie française des Indes orientales, il est construit en 1765 à l'arsenal de Lorient. Il fut mis à la disposition de John Paul Jones en 1779 par le roi de France Louis XVI grâce à l'appui de Jacques-Donatien Le Ray. Le nom de Bonhomme Richard fut choisi par Jones afin d'honorer Benjamin Franklin dont l'almanach Poor Richard's Almanack fut publié sous le nom de L'Almanach du Bonhomme Richard en français. Le navire a coulé à la suite de la bataille de Flamborough Head en septembre 1779, en mer du Nord au large des côtes du Yorkshire. Par la suite, plusieurs navires de l’US Navy porteront le nom d'USS Bonhomme Richard en l'honneur de cette frégate. (fr) Bonhomme Richard, formerly Duc de Duras, was a warship in the American Continental Navy named for Founding Father Benjamin Franklin. She was originally an East Indiaman, a merchant ship built in France for the French East India Company in 1765, for service between France and Asia. She was placed at the disposal of John Paul Jones on 4 February 1779, by King Louis XVI of France as a result of a loan to the United States by French shipping magnate Jacques-Donatien Le Ray. (en) De eerste USS Bonhomme Richard (1765), voordien de "Duc de Duras", was een fregat in de Continental Navy.Ze was oorspronkelijk een Oost-Indiëvaarder, een koopvaardijschip voor vrachtvervoer tussen Frankrijk en de Oriënt, in 1765 gebouwd in Frankrijk voor de Franse Oost-Indische Compagnie. Koning Lodewijk XVI van Frankrijk stelde het schip op 4 februari 1779 ter beschikking van Kapitein John Paul Jones na een lening van de Franse scheepsmagnaat aan de Verenigde Staten. (nl) La USS Bonhomme Richard, in origine Duc de Duras, è stata una fregata della Marina Militare Continentale degli Stati Uniti d'America. La nave era originariamente un mercantile costruito in Francia nel 1765 e destinata a servire la tratta fra la Francia e l'oriente per conto della Compagnia francese delle Indie Orientali. Fu messa a disposizione di John Paul Jones nel febbraio 1779, dal re Luigi XVI di Francia a seguito di un prestito agli Stati Uniti da parte del magnate dei trasporti francese . Jones rinominò la barca "Bon Homme Richard", in onore di Benjamin Franklin. Il 19 giugno 1779, la nave salpò da Lorient, sulla costa francese, accompagnata dalle navi Alliance, Pallas, Vengeance e Cerf, cariche di soldati, con il compito di scortare un convoglio di mercantili fino a Bordeaux e di sconfiggere la flotta inglese presente nel golfo di Biscaglia. Costretta a tornare in porto per delle riparazioni, la squadra salpò di nuovo il 14 agosto 1779, dirigendosi a nord-ovest lungo la costa occidentale della Gran Bretagna nel Mare del Nord e scendendo dalla costa orientale la flotta riuscì a catturare 16 mercantili. Il 23 settembre 1779 incrociarono la Flotta del Baltico guidata dalla vicino a Flamborough Head. La battaglia durò circa 4 ore, dalle 18:00 in poi, in cui le due flotte ingaggiarono uno scontro che costò la vita a circa la metà degli equipaggi inglesi e di quelli americani. Grazie alla potenza di fuoco superiore della squadra Franco-Americana, Jones riuscì ad abbordare la fregata inglese, dando così il via a una serie di tentativi da parte dei due equipaggi di conquistare la nave. Dopo numerosi tentativi infruttuosi, Jones riuscì a sferrare un attacco che causò gravi danni alla nave nemica, costringendo il comandante inglese ad arrendersi alle 10:30. Tuttavia, nonostante la vittoria, la Bonhomme Richard a seguito del violento scontro affondò alle 11:00 del 25 settembre 1779. John Paul Jones navigò fino alle Province Unite per riparare la Serapis appena catturata. Nonostante l'affondamento della Bonhomme Richard, l'esito della battaglia convinse la corona francese a sostenere le colonie americane nella guerra contro la Gran Bretagna. A partire dal 2005 è stato dato il via ad un progetto per individuare la nave, che si presume si trovi a Flamborough Head nello Yorkshire, vicino a un promontorio dove ebbe luogo lo scontro finale. Tuttavia un secolo di pesca e la presenza di molti relitti nella zona hanno reso vani tutti i tentativi di recupero. (it) USS Bonhomme Richard – amerykańska fregata z okresu wojny o niepodległość Stanów Zjednoczonych. Zbudowana w 1765 roku, jako uzbrojony statek handlowy „Duc de Duras” dla Francuskiej Kompanii Wschodnioindyjskiej. W 1769 roku przejęty z powodu długów przez Francję. W 1779 przekazany przez króla Ludwika XVI amerykańskiej marynarce wojennej, gdzie miał nim dowodzić John Paul Jones. Okrętowi nadano imię dla upamiętnienia serii almanachów wydawanych przez Benjamina Franklina. (pl) |
| dbo:acquirementDate | 1779-02-04 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:activeYearsEndDate | 1779-09-25 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:activeYearsStartDate | 1779-02-04 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:builder | dbr:French_East_India_Company |
| dbo:length | 46.329600 (xsd:double) |
| dbo:shipBeam | 12.192000 (xsd:double) |
| dbo:shipDraft | 5.791200 (xsd:double) |
| dbo:status | Sunk by HMS Serapis |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Battle_between_BONHOM...t._23,_1779_cph.3b03765.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://web2.uconn.edu/seagrant/publications/magazines/wracklines/fallwinter06/bonhomme.pdf%7Carchive-url=https:/web.archive.org/web/20100707112437/http:/web2.uconn.edu/seagrant/publications/magazines/wracklines/fallwinter06/bonhomme.pdf%7Curl-status=dead%7Carchive-date=2010-07-07 https://engineeringfordiscovery.org/exploration/bonhomme-richard/ http://modelshipbuilder.com/page.php%3F15 http://modelshipbuilder.com/page.php%3F37 http://adventure.nationalgeographic.com/2008/08/filey-bay/john-paul-jones-shipwreck-text/1 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=uRERAAAAYAAJ http://www.navy.mil/search/display.asp%3Fstory_id=55874%7Cpublisher=Navy https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_WK3mWOlYYNsC https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=3tVCAAAAIAAJ%7Cvolume=1%7C https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_aAMKAAAAIAAJ https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesnavy00beac |
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| dbp:shipAcquired | 1779-02-04 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:shipArmament | *28 × 12-pound smoothbore *6 × 18-pound smoothbore *8 × 9-pound smoothbore (en) |
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| dbp:shipComplement | 380 (xsd:integer) |
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| dbp:shipFate | Sunk by HMS Serapis (en) |
| dbp:shipInService | 1779-02-04 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:shipLaidDown | 1765 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:shipLaunched | 1766 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:shipName | Bonhomme Richard (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Bonhomme Richard, formerly Duc de Duras, was a warship in the American Continental Navy named for Founding Father Benjamin Franklin. She was originally an East Indiaman, a merchant ship built in France for the French East India Company in 1765, for service between France and Asia. She was placed at the disposal of John Paul Jones on 4 February 1779, by King Louis XVI of France as a result of a loan to the United States by French shipping magnate Jacques-Donatien Le Ray. (en) De eerste USS Bonhomme Richard (1765), voordien de "Duc de Duras", was een fregat in de Continental Navy.Ze was oorspronkelijk een Oost-Indiëvaarder, een koopvaardijschip voor vrachtvervoer tussen Frankrijk en de Oriënt, in 1765 gebouwd in Frankrijk voor de Franse Oost-Indische Compagnie. Koning Lodewijk XVI van Frankrijk stelde het schip op 4 februari 1779 ter beschikking van Kapitein John Paul Jones na een lening van de Franse scheepsmagnaat aan de Verenigde Staten. (nl) USS Bonhomme Richard – amerykańska fregata z okresu wojny o niepodległość Stanów Zjednoczonych. Zbudowana w 1765 roku, jako uzbrojony statek handlowy „Duc de Duras” dla Francuskiej Kompanii Wschodnioindyjskiej. W 1769 roku przejęty z powodu długów przez Francję. W 1779 przekazany przez króla Ludwika XVI amerykańskiej marynarce wojennej, gdzie miał nim dowodzić John Paul Jones. Okrętowi nadano imię dla upamiętnienia serii almanachów wydawanych przez Benjamina Franklina. (pl) Das erste Schiff, das den Namen Bonhomme Richard führte, war eine Fregatte der Continental Navy (der späteren U.S. Navy.) Erbaut wurde sie als Handelsschiff der Französischen Ostindienkompanie unter dem Namen Duc de Duras für Fahrten zwischen Frankreich und dem Orient. (de) Le Bonhomme Richard, anciennement connu comme le Duc de Duras, était une frégate de la Continental Navy, la marine constituée lors de la révolution américaine. Ancien indiaman de la Compagnie française des Indes orientales, il est construit en 1765 à l'arsenal de Lorient. Il fut mis à la disposition de John Paul Jones en 1779 par le roi de France Louis XVI grâce à l'appui de Jacques-Donatien Le Ray. Le nom de Bonhomme Richard fut choisi par Jones afin d'honorer Benjamin Franklin dont l'almanach Poor Richard's Almanack fut publié sous le nom de L'Almanach du Bonhomme Richard en français. (fr) La USS Bonhomme Richard, in origine Duc de Duras, è stata una fregata della Marina Militare Continentale degli Stati Uniti d'America. La nave era originariamente un mercantile costruito in Francia nel 1765 e destinata a servire la tratta fra la Francia e l'oriente per conto della Compagnia francese delle Indie Orientali. Fu messa a disposizione di John Paul Jones nel febbraio 1779, dal re Luigi XVI di Francia a seguito di un prestito agli Stati Uniti da parte del magnate dei trasporti francese . Jones rinominò la barca "Bon Homme Richard", in onore di Benjamin Franklin. (it) |
| rdfs:label | Bonhomme Richard (Schiff, 1765) (de) USS Bonhomme Richard (1765) (fr) USS Bonhomme Richard (1765) (it) USS Bonhomme Richard (1765) (nl) USS Bonhomme Richard (1765) (pl) USS Bonhomme Richard (1765) (en) |
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