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tempus

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/10/20 21:26 UTC 版)

語源

From Proto-Italic *tempos; thence, two ultimate origins have been proposed:

Sense 2 is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek τὰ καίρῐᾰ (tà kaírĭă, “the vital or fatal place (on the body)”), from καιρός (kairós, “time, opportunity, etc.”), and is less frequent in singular form. Compare 古期英語 þunwang (“temple of the head”), Middle High German tinne, tinge (“forehead, temples”).

As seen from the adverb temperī, the noun would originally have declined like genus.

発音

名詞

tempus n (genitive temporis); third declension

  1. (literally):
    1. a time (a portion or period of time)
      ad/in tempus ― temporarily; for a time
      tempus diurnum ― daytime
      1. (especially) an interval, period (the time intervening between two events)
    2. (in general) time
    3. (in particular) the kairos, right time, due season, due time, proper time, appointed time, opportune time, opportunity
      in tempore ― at the appropriate time; in due season
      ad tempus venīre ― to come at the right time
      ante tempus ― too soon (literally, “before the **right time**”)
  2. (anatomy):
    1. (in the plural) the temples (sides of the head)
    2. (poetic, transferred sense) (in general) the face, visage; the head
  3. (other transferred senses):
    1. the state of the times, position, state, condition; (in the plural) the times, circumstances (the time or age in its moral aspects)
      prō tempore ― according to the circumstances
    2. (poetry, rhetoric) time; measure, quantity
    3. (grammar) a tense (property of a verb that indicates the point in time at which an action or state of being occurs)
    4. (Medieval Latin, rare) the weather

派生語

派生した語

From tempora (plural):

参照

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “tempus, -oris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 611
  2. ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2025), “temporal”, in Online Etymology Dictionary, retrieved 8 April 2025.

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