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ferio
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/11/08 19:12 UTC 版)
語源
From Proto-Italic *ferjō, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to pierce, strike”) through *bʰér-ye-ti perhaps with root-final laryngeal dropped in a prevocalic position; the o-grade reflex is attested in forō. Cognate with Albanian bie (“to fall”), 古期英語 ġebered (“crushed, kneaded”), English berry (“to beat, thrash”), Old Armenian բերան (beran), Ancient Greek φᾰ́ρος (phắros, “plough”), φαράω (pharáō). More at berry.
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to scrape, to cut”). Compare Middle Irish berna, Old High German berjan, Middle High German berjen, 古期英語 bered, Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬲𐬌𐬠𐬁𐬭𐬀 (tižibāra).
動詞
feriō (present infinitive ferīre, perfect active feriī, future active participle ferītūrus); fourth conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle
- to hit, to strike, to smite, to beat, to knock, injure
Synonyms: mulcō, sauciō, īnfestō, tango, percutio, pello, discutio, pulsō, tundō, accido, affligo, percello, impingo, ico, verbero, vulnerō, secō, noceō, laedō - to cut, to thrust
- (with accusative) to kill by striking, to slay, to give a deathblow
- (money) to strike, to stamp, to coin
- to make a deal or contract or compact, covenant, or treaty
Synonyms: ī̆cō, percutiō, pacīscor, pangō - (figuratively) to strike, reach, affect
使用する際の注意点
- Perfect and passive forms are rare. Perfect forms and perfect passive participle are usually supplied by its synonym, percutio. Sometimes ictus, the perfect passive participle of īcō, is used.
- The verb form feriunt (“they strike”) had the archaic spelling ferinunt.
Conjugation
派生語
- secūrī feriō (I behead)
- foedus feriō (I make a compact, covenant or treaty)
- amōrum turpissimōrum foedera feriō (I form illicit connections)
派生した語
- Aromanian: firescu, afirescu, firiri
- Asturian: firir
- Catalan: ferir
- Franco-Provençal: fèrir
- French: férir
- Friulian: ferî
- Italian: ferire
- Leonese: ferire
- Occitan: ferir
- Old Galician-Portuguese: ferir
- Galician: ferir
- Portuguese: ferir
- Piedmontese: ferì
- Romanian: feri, ferire
- Sardinian: feríre, fèrrere, ferri, fèrriri
- Sicilian: firiri
- Spanish: herir, ferir
- Venetan: ferir
参照
- “ferio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ferio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ferio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to beat one's brow: frontem ferire, percutere
- to slaughter victims: victimas (oxen), hostias (smaller animals, especially sheep) immolare, securi ferire, caedere, mactare
- to execute a person, cut off his head: securi percutere, ferire aliquem
- to conclude a treaty, an alliance: foedus facere (cum aliquo), icere, ferire
- Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 213
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1554-5
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