fatemeh tabatabaie | Iran University of Medical Sciences (original) (raw)
Papers by fatemeh tabatabaie
Scientific journal of zoology, Jun 30, 2015
Leishmaniasis is one of the major problems in many countries. Leishmania is flagellated protozoa ... more Leishmaniasis is one of the major problems in many countries. Leishmania is flagellated protozoa and causative agent of leishmaniasis which is the most important health problem in many countries especially in developing country. Leishmania major causes cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). CL is endemic in some part of Iran. Pentavalent antimony compounds are main therapy of CL, they have some side effects due to their toxicity, and also relapse is possible. Cantharidin is terpenoid and vesicant compound that can be found in Meloidae and Oedomeridae family beetles. It was used as treatment to cancer and Wart. It is also apoptosis inducer in various cancer cells. In this study, the effect of 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 µg/ml cantharidin on the L. major promastigotes, non-infected macrophages and infected macrophages with parasite amastigotes was studied by (3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyle tetrazolium bromide) MTT assay and flow cytometer in vitro. The Effect of cantharidin as 0.5, 0.05 and 0.1% ointment surveyed on the Leishmania lesions in BALB/C as well as. Parasite load as determined by Real Time PCR, and IFN-γ and IL-4 was involved by ELISA. Results showed that the highest cytotoxicity (56.14%) in promastigotes was in a group that treated with 50 µg/ml cantharidin after 48h. The rate in non-infected macrophages and infected macrophages was 13.05 % and 30.17% respectively. Maximum cytotoxicity rate in promastigotes treated with 50 µg/ml cantharidin after 72 h was determined 66.48%, 48.52% in non- infected macrophages and 62.24% in infected macrophages after 48h by flow cytometry. Group treated with 0.05% cantharidin had lowest rate of ulcer growth. Ulcer size was increased in group treated with 0.5% cantharidin. IFN-γ value in group treated with cantharidin was less than it in untreated (control) group, but IL -4 didn’t change. Cantharidin through blister formation induces inflammatory reaction and neutrophils and macrophages infiltration in blister site .It can also destroy tissue by cytokines production stimulating such as myeloperoxidase. However, it can destroy parasite and infected macrophage through apoptosis inducing. Following more investigation, cantharidin can be introduced as cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment.
Infectious disorders drug targets, Oct 16, 2020
: As an important global disease, cutaneous leishmaniasis is associated with complications such a... more : As an important global disease, cutaneous leishmaniasis is associated with complications such as secondary infections and atrophic scars. The first line treatment with antimonials is expensive and reported to have serious side effects and enhance resistance development. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Cinnarizine on standard strains of Leishmania major because of paucity of information on this subject. Methods: In this experimental study, four concentrations of the drug (5, 10, 15 and 20 μg/ml) were added to Leishmania major cultures at 24, 48 and 72 hours intervals. MTT assays were performed to determine parasite viability and drug toxicity. Leishmania major promastigotes were augmented to the in vitro cultured macrophages (J774 cells) and then incubated for 72 hours. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was ascertained by counting parasites. The inhibitory effect of the drug was compared with that of Glucantime. Flow-cytometry was performed to investigate apoptosis. Each test was repeated thrice. Results: The IC50 values of Cinnarizine after 72 hours were calculated to be 34.76 μg/ml and 23.73 μg/ml for promastigotes and amastigotes, respectively. The results of MTT assays showed 48 % promastigote viability after 72 hour-exposure to Cinnarizine at 20 μg/ml concentration. Programmed cell death in promastigote- and amastigote-infected macrophages was quantified to be 13.66 % and 98.7 %, respectively. Flow- cytometry analysis indicated that Cinnarizine induced early and late apoptosis in parasites. All treatments produced results which differed significantly from control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cinnarizine showed low toxicity with anti-leishmanial and apoptosis effects on both promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms. Therefore, we may suggest further assessment on animal models of this drug as candidates for cutaneous leishmaniasis therapy.
Advanced studies in biology, 2014
Leishmania is transmitted by sandflies that ingest the parasite in the amastigote phase resident ... more Leishmania is transmitted by sandflies that ingest the parasite in the amastigote phase resident within macrophages, then inoculate the promastigote phase into body hosts. The present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro effects of alcoholic extract of Plants on L.major. The extract of aerial parts of plants were obtained by maceration. The in vitro experiments were performed on promastigotes to assess antileishmanial activity of the extracts using glucantime as 194 Fatemeh Tabatabaie et al. a reference. The extract of plants and glucantime solutions for biological testing were prepared in PBS at 0.05-0.1-0.2-0.4 μg/mL and 1μg/mL, respectively. All experiments were repeated at least three times in duplicate. For the extract of plants and glucantime, the concentration-response curve was plotted, from which IC50 values were determined also No and MTT assay were done. The different concentrations resulted in different optical densities or inhibitory percentages (P<0.05) so that extract of plants were effective against L. major in vitro. NO production the extract of plants showed significant in vitro antileishmanial activities.The Findings of this study indicate that these plants are effective against L.major in vitro.
Diamond and Related Materials
![Research paper thumbnail of Study of seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women in Karaj township of Alborz province [2013]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94496428/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](The aim of this study was to determine seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii a... more The aim of this study was to determine seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women in Karaj township of Alborz province by ELISA method. The blood samples were taken from 400 pregnant women referred to the health centers of Karaj township. IgM and IgG titers and effects of some factors on incidence of the disease were appraised. Anti Toxoplasma IgM and IgG were positive in 1% and 29% respectively. Seropositive subjects were more frequently seen in women with age >30 years compared to younger women. No significant relationship was found among the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and level of education, residence area, history of abortion and gestational age. According to the positive cases between the patients, there should be some regular screen programs to recognize the chronic and acute infections especially in pregnant women.
Journal of Vector Borne Diseases, 2021
Background & objectives: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL),a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania inf... more Background & objectives: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL),a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania infantum is a major public health problem and cause of death among infants aged under 1 year and the elderly in endemic foci of Iran. The aim of this study is to determine the status of L.infantum infection in stray dogs from Meshkin-Shahr, a typical endemic area of VL in Iran. Methods: Sixty-eight randomly trapped stray dogs in Meshkin-Shahr area were tested for L. infantum infection using the direct agglutination test (DAT) from June to October 2016. The confirmation of seropositive samples was performed by Microscopic slides of spleen, culture and then PCR. The molecular methods performed by ITS1-PCR, RFLP-PCR and kDNA-PCR. The allof kDNA -PCR products were sequenced. Results: Out of 68 examined stray dogs, 17 (25.0%) were positive for L. infantum by DAT (1:320 titers or higher). Parasite test showed that all of seropositive samples have amastigote forms in their spleens but only 3 out o...
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2018
Advanced Studies in Biology, 2014
Leishmaniasis are transferred by sand flies belonging to the genus Phlebotomus. In this study, we... more Leishmaniasis are transferred by sand flies belonging to the genus Phlebotomus. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of Hyssopus officinalis, Tussilage farfara, Carum copticum plants and compared with systemic glucantime against cutaneous leishmaniasis in vivo. The studies were carried out on cutaneous leishmaniasis in inbread mice to evaluate the effects of topical application of the ointment-based extracts two times daily for maximum of 20 days. A total of 45 mice were randomised into five groups (placebo group received the ointment base without the extract, systemic Glucantime as a reference group, Test groups: Hyssopus officinalis, Tussilage farfara, Carum copticum ointments) each including nine mice. NO production in macrophages was assayed.The result was suggestive that plants ointments were effective in production of nitrite but was not significantly more effective as compared with glucantime hence these plants are effective for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Balb/c mice.
The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS, 2012
TSA (thiol-specific antioxidant antigen) is the immune-dominant antigen of Leishmania major and i... more TSA (thiol-specific antioxidant antigen) is the immune-dominant antigen of Leishmania major and is considered to be the most promising candidate molecule for a recombinant or DNA vaccine against leishmaniasis. The aim of the present work was to express a plasmid containing the TSA gene in eukaryotic cells. Genomic DNA was extracted, and the TSA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR product was cloned into the pTZ57R/T vector, followed by subcloning into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3 (EcoRI and HindIII sites). The recombinant plasmid was characterised by restriction digest and PCR. Eukaryotic Chinese hamster ovary cells were transfected with the plasmid containing the TSA gene. Expression of the L. major TSA gene was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. The plasmid containing the TSA gene was successfully expressed, as demonstrated by a band of 22.1 kDa on Western blots. The plasmid containing...
Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 2014
Leishmaniasis is caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus Leishmania which, in the infected host... more Leishmaniasis is caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus Leishmania which, in the infected host are obliging intracellular parasite. Montanide ISA 70 is an adjuvant composed of a natural metabolizable oil and a highly refined emulsifier from the manide monooleate family. The TSA (thiol-specific antioxidant) is a considerable antigen of Leishmania major. The purpose of this work was Protein-vaccine efficacy in the presence Montanide comparing to absence of it. The expression of recombinant protein was confirmed with SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) page and Western bloting. 48 BALB/c mice were divided into four groups [TSA/ Freund ,TSA/Alum+BCG , TSA/ Montanide and PBS groups] and immunized with 20 mg of vaccine subcutaneously three times intervals on days 0, 14 and 28. The mice were challenged with parasite 21 days after final immunization. The lymphocyte proliferation was evaluated with Brdu method. Cytokines was evaluated with ELISA method. The vaccine formulated with the recombinant TSA protein with Montanide induced lymphocytes proliferation , cytokines as compared with the control group. Base on results, current candidate vaccine has potency for futher studies.
Veterinary World, 2020
Background and Aim: There is a large amount of information on intestinal parasites in stray dogs ... more Background and Aim: There is a large amount of information on intestinal parasites in stray dogs and golden jackals (Canis aureus) in Mazandaran Province, Iran. However, there is little information about foxes and wolves, which have a potential role in the spread of dangerous parasitic diseases, such as echinococcosis and toxocariasis. The aim of the present study was to identify the genus or species of parasitic worms in stool samples obtained from carnivores in Mazandaran Province, Iran, from August 2017 to April 2018. Materials and Methods: A total of 274 fecal samples were collected from carnivores, including dog, fox, wolf, and C. aureus in three areas of Mazandaran Province, Iran. All specimens were examined by centrifugal fecal flotation using a solution of Sheather's sugar to detect helminths eggs. Then, all samples were assessed using a light microscope. Data analysis was performed by SPSS version. 18 (Chicago, IL, USA). Results: In this study, seven genera of helminths...
Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic has created the most fatal health crisis in humanity in th... more Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic has created the most fatal health crisis in humanity in the recent century. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between employees' spirituality and organizational vitality in the outcome of the health carers's work in Hajar hospital, a military ground forces hospital in Tehran, during the first year of COVID-19 pandemic. The main purpose was to determine any significant relationships between staff spirituality and organizational vitality in the hospital. Materials and Methods: This descriptive survey study was performed from March 2019 to February 2020. Seventy-one employees were recruited as the sample size using the Morgan table. The characteristic of the components of employees' spirituality were examined by performing Kingerski and Skrypnek questionnaires. All variables of the organizational vitality were determined using Rojelf model and a researcher-made questionnaire which was approved by the releva...
Acta Parasitologica, 2020
The aim of this study was to explore the activity of Naja naja oxiana venom on Leishmania tropica... more The aim of this study was to explore the activity of Naja naja oxiana venom on Leishmania tropica and its modes of action. Methods Different fractions of Naja naja oxiana venom (NNOV) were prepared and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography. The superior component, fraction k (FK) was selected. The activity of the fraction was assessed using advanced assays. Results Interleukin (IL)-12, TNF-α and iNOS gene expression as the indicators of Th1 significantly increased. In contrast, the level of IL-10, as the marker of T helper 2 substantially decreased (p < 0.001). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) after treatment with different concentrations of NNOV-FK, unlike arginase (L-ARG) activity which showed a significant reduction (p < 0.001). The NNOV-FK showed significant lethal activity on the L. tropica stages. Conclusion The findings demonstrated that NNOV-FK represented a strong leishmanicidal activity on L. tropica stages. The major modes of NNOV-FK action are multidimensional, which perceives the induction of a synergistic response and upregulation of the immune-modulatory role towards Th1 response against L. tropica stages as well as apoptotic and antimetabolic action as a model drug to generate ROS, block the polyamine synthesis and lead to parasite death.
Complementary Medicine Journal, 2021
Objective: Malaria is one of the most important parasitic diseases and one of the important healt... more Objective: Malaria is one of the most important parasitic diseases and one of the important health issues especially in tropical and subtropical countries. The importance of this disease is due to its high prevalence and mortality, as well as drug resistance and side effects of common drugs used for its treatment. Snake venom is a complex mixture of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The present study aims to investigate the anti-Plasmodium falciparum activity of the purified fractions isolated from the venom of Iranian cobra snake (Naja Naja Oxiana) by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. The importance of this disease is due to its high prevalence, significant mortality, as well as drug resistance and, side effects of current drugs in treatment. Venom is a complex mixture of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-Plasmodium falciparum activity of the purified fraction of Iranian cobra snake venom by Real -time PCR. Met...
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 2020
Objective(s): Malaria is an important parasitic disease with high morbidity and mortality in trop... more Objective(s): Malaria is an important parasitic disease with high morbidity and mortality in tropical areas. Resistance to most antimalarial drugs has encouraged the development of new drugs including natural products. Venom is a complex mixture of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimalarial activity of purified fractions of Naja naja oxiana. Materials and Methods: Lyophilized venom was purified with a Sephacryl S-200 HR column and the fractions lyophilized and inhibitory concentration 50% against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 in vitro obtained. The 4th fraction was run on a Mono Q column, and activity against P. falciparum was detected by lactate dehydrogenase assay and purity by SDS PAGE. Large scale culture of the parasite was carried out with and without the active fraction on the ring stage for 48 hr. The parasites were collected and lyophilized and analyzed by 1HNMR. Chemometrics studies were performed using MATLAB, differentiat...
Acta Parasitologica, 2021
BACKGROUND The use of venom fractions from the Iranian cobra could be useful adjunct treatments o... more BACKGROUND The use of venom fractions from the Iranian cobra could be useful adjunct treatments of malaria with chloroquine. A metabolomic investigation with 1HNMR spectroscopy was conducted on an effective fraction tested earlier using Plasmodium berghei as an experimental murine model. PURPOSE We sought to ascertain both safety and anti-parasitic effects of experimental therapies. METHODS After purification of the venom fractions, 25 mice were infected, then treated for 4 days with 0.2 ml of 5 mg/kg, 2.5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg of the effective fraction, chloroquine, and a drug vehicle. An ED50 was obtained using Giemsa staining and real-time PCR analysis. The toxicity tests inspecting both liver and kidney tissues were performed. RESULTS A clear inhibitory effect on parasitaemia was observed (with 75% inhibition with 5 mg/kg and 50% reduction when 2.5 mg/kg dosage used). ED50 obtained 2.5 mg/kg. The metabolomics were identified as differentiation of aminoacyl-t-RNA biosynthesis, valine, leucine, isoleucine biosynthesis and degradation pathways were observed. CONCLUSION Upon therapeutic effects of cobra venom fraction, further optimization of dose-dependent response of pharmacokinetics would be worthwhile for further exploration in adjunct experimental venom therapies.
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets, 2021
Background: Studies have shown that selenium is an essential component of glutathione as an impor... more Background: Studies have shown that selenium is an essential component of glutathione as an important antioxidant to reduce oxidative stress and inhibit intracellular parasites’ growth. In contrast, calcium in the cytosol of such parasites plays a key role in the entry of the parasite into the host cell and its primary motility. Aim and Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate and compare glutathione peroxidase bioactivity effects post administration of selenium and calcium in BALB/c mice infected by Toxoplasma gondii. Methods: Sixty BALB/c mice susceptible to T. gondii were randomly divided into twelve groups of case and control groups. There were six control groups including two positive controls infected only with the parasites either 104 or 5×104, non-infected and untreated groups. Treated controls received only calcium, selenium, or both respectively. Case groups were infected with 104 or 5×104 parasites. While each set of three case groups separately received mine...
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets, 2021
Background: Although a majority of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are healed with Glu... more Background: Although a majority of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are healed with Glucantime chemotherapy, the increased drug resistance rate following its application is a concern. In this study, Naja naja oxiana crude venom of cobra snakes was used for the first time as an assembled combination of bioactive pharmaceutical components on Leishmania major (L. major) standard strain. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the Naja naja oxiana crude venom of Iranian cobra snakes on Leishmania major standard strain in vitro. Methods: Five concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL) of venom were added to Leishmania major cultures at 24, 48 and 72 h. The viability of the parasites and venom toxicity were assessed by MTT test. The apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry, while IC50 was determined by counting parasites compared to that of glucantime. Each test was conducted in triplicate. Results: After the exposure of the venom for 72 h, IC50 value was 0.36 μg/mL and 14....
Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 2019
Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection cause trichomonia... more Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection cause trichomoniasis. In this study prevalence and genotype of Iranian isolates of T. vaginalis infected (dsRNA) viruses were evaluated by PCR-RFLP and obtained patterns were then confirmed by sequence analysis and genotype of these Iranian isolates confirmed again. Methods: Ten strains of T.vaginalis were collected from 1700 vaginal samples of women referred to hospitals associated with Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran during Feb 2016 to Jul 2017, evaluated in points of infection to T. vaginalis Virus (TVV-1) were used in a PCR-RFLP. All of ten isolates of T. vaginalis were examined by designed nested PCR for actin gene and then digestion patterns of three endonuclease enzymes of HindII, MseI and RsaI were evaluated and genotype of these isolates was defined. Results: By combination of fragments pattern of three enzymes of HindII, RsaI and MseI, three genotypes were found; six genotyp...
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018
BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease induced by a protozoan from the genus Leishmania... more BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease induced by a protozoan from the genus Leishmania. No effective vaccine has yet been developed against the disease.AIM: In this work, two nano-vaccines, TSA recombinant plasmid and dendrimer and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles (as adjuvants), were designed and tested for their immunogenicity in BALB/c mice.METHODS: After the plasmid construction and preparation of adjuvants, three intramuscular injections of the nano-vaccines (100 µg) and the recombinant TSA protein (20 µg) were subcutaneously performed. Eventually, the challenged animals were infected with the parasites (1*106 promastigotes). After the last injections of the nano-vaccines, the responses of their antibody subclasses and cytokines were assessed via ELISA method before and after the challenge.RESULTS: This study revealed that the new nano-vaccines were strong and effective in inducing specific antibody and cellular responses and reducing the parasite burd...
Scientific journal of zoology, Jun 30, 2015
Leishmaniasis is one of the major problems in many countries. Leishmania is flagellated protozoa ... more Leishmaniasis is one of the major problems in many countries. Leishmania is flagellated protozoa and causative agent of leishmaniasis which is the most important health problem in many countries especially in developing country. Leishmania major causes cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). CL is endemic in some part of Iran. Pentavalent antimony compounds are main therapy of CL, they have some side effects due to their toxicity, and also relapse is possible. Cantharidin is terpenoid and vesicant compound that can be found in Meloidae and Oedomeridae family beetles. It was used as treatment to cancer and Wart. It is also apoptosis inducer in various cancer cells. In this study, the effect of 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 µg/ml cantharidin on the L. major promastigotes, non-infected macrophages and infected macrophages with parasite amastigotes was studied by (3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyle tetrazolium bromide) MTT assay and flow cytometer in vitro. The Effect of cantharidin as 0.5, 0.05 and 0.1% ointment surveyed on the Leishmania lesions in BALB/C as well as. Parasite load as determined by Real Time PCR, and IFN-γ and IL-4 was involved by ELISA. Results showed that the highest cytotoxicity (56.14%) in promastigotes was in a group that treated with 50 µg/ml cantharidin after 48h. The rate in non-infected macrophages and infected macrophages was 13.05 % and 30.17% respectively. Maximum cytotoxicity rate in promastigotes treated with 50 µg/ml cantharidin after 72 h was determined 66.48%, 48.52% in non- infected macrophages and 62.24% in infected macrophages after 48h by flow cytometry. Group treated with 0.05% cantharidin had lowest rate of ulcer growth. Ulcer size was increased in group treated with 0.5% cantharidin. IFN-γ value in group treated with cantharidin was less than it in untreated (control) group, but IL -4 didn’t change. Cantharidin through blister formation induces inflammatory reaction and neutrophils and macrophages infiltration in blister site .It can also destroy tissue by cytokines production stimulating such as myeloperoxidase. However, it can destroy parasite and infected macrophage through apoptosis inducing. Following more investigation, cantharidin can be introduced as cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment.
Infectious disorders drug targets, Oct 16, 2020
: As an important global disease, cutaneous leishmaniasis is associated with complications such a... more : As an important global disease, cutaneous leishmaniasis is associated with complications such as secondary infections and atrophic scars. The first line treatment with antimonials is expensive and reported to have serious side effects and enhance resistance development. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Cinnarizine on standard strains of Leishmania major because of paucity of information on this subject. Methods: In this experimental study, four concentrations of the drug (5, 10, 15 and 20 μg/ml) were added to Leishmania major cultures at 24, 48 and 72 hours intervals. MTT assays were performed to determine parasite viability and drug toxicity. Leishmania major promastigotes were augmented to the in vitro cultured macrophages (J774 cells) and then incubated for 72 hours. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was ascertained by counting parasites. The inhibitory effect of the drug was compared with that of Glucantime. Flow-cytometry was performed to investigate apoptosis. Each test was repeated thrice. Results: The IC50 values of Cinnarizine after 72 hours were calculated to be 34.76 μg/ml and 23.73 μg/ml for promastigotes and amastigotes, respectively. The results of MTT assays showed 48 % promastigote viability after 72 hour-exposure to Cinnarizine at 20 μg/ml concentration. Programmed cell death in promastigote- and amastigote-infected macrophages was quantified to be 13.66 % and 98.7 %, respectively. Flow- cytometry analysis indicated that Cinnarizine induced early and late apoptosis in parasites. All treatments produced results which differed significantly from control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cinnarizine showed low toxicity with anti-leishmanial and apoptosis effects on both promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms. Therefore, we may suggest further assessment on animal models of this drug as candidates for cutaneous leishmaniasis therapy.
Advanced studies in biology, 2014
Leishmania is transmitted by sandflies that ingest the parasite in the amastigote phase resident ... more Leishmania is transmitted by sandflies that ingest the parasite in the amastigote phase resident within macrophages, then inoculate the promastigote phase into body hosts. The present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro effects of alcoholic extract of Plants on L.major. The extract of aerial parts of plants were obtained by maceration. The in vitro experiments were performed on promastigotes to assess antileishmanial activity of the extracts using glucantime as 194 Fatemeh Tabatabaie et al. a reference. The extract of plants and glucantime solutions for biological testing were prepared in PBS at 0.05-0.1-0.2-0.4 μg/mL and 1μg/mL, respectively. All experiments were repeated at least three times in duplicate. For the extract of plants and glucantime, the concentration-response curve was plotted, from which IC50 values were determined also No and MTT assay were done. The different concentrations resulted in different optical densities or inhibitory percentages (P<0.05) so that extract of plants were effective against L. major in vitro. NO production the extract of plants showed significant in vitro antileishmanial activities.The Findings of this study indicate that these plants are effective against L.major in vitro.
Diamond and Related Materials
The aim of this study was to determine seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii a... more The aim of this study was to determine seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women in Karaj township of Alborz province by ELISA method. The blood samples were taken from 400 pregnant women referred to the health centers of Karaj township. IgM and IgG titers and effects of some factors on incidence of the disease were appraised. Anti Toxoplasma IgM and IgG were positive in 1% and 29% respectively. Seropositive subjects were more frequently seen in women with age >30 years compared to younger women. No significant relationship was found among the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and level of education, residence area, history of abortion and gestational age. According to the positive cases between the patients, there should be some regular screen programs to recognize the chronic and acute infections especially in pregnant women.
Journal of Vector Borne Diseases, 2021
Background & objectives: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL),a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania inf... more Background & objectives: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL),a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania infantum is a major public health problem and cause of death among infants aged under 1 year and the elderly in endemic foci of Iran. The aim of this study is to determine the status of L.infantum infection in stray dogs from Meshkin-Shahr, a typical endemic area of VL in Iran. Methods: Sixty-eight randomly trapped stray dogs in Meshkin-Shahr area were tested for L. infantum infection using the direct agglutination test (DAT) from June to October 2016. The confirmation of seropositive samples was performed by Microscopic slides of spleen, culture and then PCR. The molecular methods performed by ITS1-PCR, RFLP-PCR and kDNA-PCR. The allof kDNA -PCR products were sequenced. Results: Out of 68 examined stray dogs, 17 (25.0%) were positive for L. infantum by DAT (1:320 titers or higher). Parasite test showed that all of seropositive samples have amastigote forms in their spleens but only 3 out o...
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2018
Advanced Studies in Biology, 2014
Leishmaniasis are transferred by sand flies belonging to the genus Phlebotomus. In this study, we... more Leishmaniasis are transferred by sand flies belonging to the genus Phlebotomus. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of Hyssopus officinalis, Tussilage farfara, Carum copticum plants and compared with systemic glucantime against cutaneous leishmaniasis in vivo. The studies were carried out on cutaneous leishmaniasis in inbread mice to evaluate the effects of topical application of the ointment-based extracts two times daily for maximum of 20 days. A total of 45 mice were randomised into five groups (placebo group received the ointment base without the extract, systemic Glucantime as a reference group, Test groups: Hyssopus officinalis, Tussilage farfara, Carum copticum ointments) each including nine mice. NO production in macrophages was assayed.The result was suggestive that plants ointments were effective in production of nitrite but was not significantly more effective as compared with glucantime hence these plants are effective for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Balb/c mice.
The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS, 2012
TSA (thiol-specific antioxidant antigen) is the immune-dominant antigen of Leishmania major and i... more TSA (thiol-specific antioxidant antigen) is the immune-dominant antigen of Leishmania major and is considered to be the most promising candidate molecule for a recombinant or DNA vaccine against leishmaniasis. The aim of the present work was to express a plasmid containing the TSA gene in eukaryotic cells. Genomic DNA was extracted, and the TSA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR product was cloned into the pTZ57R/T vector, followed by subcloning into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3 (EcoRI and HindIII sites). The recombinant plasmid was characterised by restriction digest and PCR. Eukaryotic Chinese hamster ovary cells were transfected with the plasmid containing the TSA gene. Expression of the L. major TSA gene was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. The plasmid containing the TSA gene was successfully expressed, as demonstrated by a band of 22.1 kDa on Western blots. The plasmid containing...
Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 2014
Leishmaniasis is caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus Leishmania which, in the infected host... more Leishmaniasis is caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus Leishmania which, in the infected host are obliging intracellular parasite. Montanide ISA 70 is an adjuvant composed of a natural metabolizable oil and a highly refined emulsifier from the manide monooleate family. The TSA (thiol-specific antioxidant) is a considerable antigen of Leishmania major. The purpose of this work was Protein-vaccine efficacy in the presence Montanide comparing to absence of it. The expression of recombinant protein was confirmed with SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) page and Western bloting. 48 BALB/c mice were divided into four groups [TSA/ Freund ,TSA/Alum+BCG , TSA/ Montanide and PBS groups] and immunized with 20 mg of vaccine subcutaneously three times intervals on days 0, 14 and 28. The mice were challenged with parasite 21 days after final immunization. The lymphocyte proliferation was evaluated with Brdu method. Cytokines was evaluated with ELISA method. The vaccine formulated with the recombinant TSA protein with Montanide induced lymphocytes proliferation , cytokines as compared with the control group. Base on results, current candidate vaccine has potency for futher studies.
Veterinary World, 2020
Background and Aim: There is a large amount of information on intestinal parasites in stray dogs ... more Background and Aim: There is a large amount of information on intestinal parasites in stray dogs and golden jackals (Canis aureus) in Mazandaran Province, Iran. However, there is little information about foxes and wolves, which have a potential role in the spread of dangerous parasitic diseases, such as echinococcosis and toxocariasis. The aim of the present study was to identify the genus or species of parasitic worms in stool samples obtained from carnivores in Mazandaran Province, Iran, from August 2017 to April 2018. Materials and Methods: A total of 274 fecal samples were collected from carnivores, including dog, fox, wolf, and C. aureus in three areas of Mazandaran Province, Iran. All specimens were examined by centrifugal fecal flotation using a solution of Sheather's sugar to detect helminths eggs. Then, all samples were assessed using a light microscope. Data analysis was performed by SPSS version. 18 (Chicago, IL, USA). Results: In this study, seven genera of helminths...
Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic has created the most fatal health crisis in humanity in th... more Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic has created the most fatal health crisis in humanity in the recent century. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between employees' spirituality and organizational vitality in the outcome of the health carers's work in Hajar hospital, a military ground forces hospital in Tehran, during the first year of COVID-19 pandemic. The main purpose was to determine any significant relationships between staff spirituality and organizational vitality in the hospital. Materials and Methods: This descriptive survey study was performed from March 2019 to February 2020. Seventy-one employees were recruited as the sample size using the Morgan table. The characteristic of the components of employees' spirituality were examined by performing Kingerski and Skrypnek questionnaires. All variables of the organizational vitality were determined using Rojelf model and a researcher-made questionnaire which was approved by the releva...
Acta Parasitologica, 2020
The aim of this study was to explore the activity of Naja naja oxiana venom on Leishmania tropica... more The aim of this study was to explore the activity of Naja naja oxiana venom on Leishmania tropica and its modes of action. Methods Different fractions of Naja naja oxiana venom (NNOV) were prepared and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography. The superior component, fraction k (FK) was selected. The activity of the fraction was assessed using advanced assays. Results Interleukin (IL)-12, TNF-α and iNOS gene expression as the indicators of Th1 significantly increased. In contrast, the level of IL-10, as the marker of T helper 2 substantially decreased (p < 0.001). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) after treatment with different concentrations of NNOV-FK, unlike arginase (L-ARG) activity which showed a significant reduction (p < 0.001). The NNOV-FK showed significant lethal activity on the L. tropica stages. Conclusion The findings demonstrated that NNOV-FK represented a strong leishmanicidal activity on L. tropica stages. The major modes of NNOV-FK action are multidimensional, which perceives the induction of a synergistic response and upregulation of the immune-modulatory role towards Th1 response against L. tropica stages as well as apoptotic and antimetabolic action as a model drug to generate ROS, block the polyamine synthesis and lead to parasite death.
Complementary Medicine Journal, 2021
Objective: Malaria is one of the most important parasitic diseases and one of the important healt... more Objective: Malaria is one of the most important parasitic diseases and one of the important health issues especially in tropical and subtropical countries. The importance of this disease is due to its high prevalence and mortality, as well as drug resistance and side effects of common drugs used for its treatment. Snake venom is a complex mixture of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The present study aims to investigate the anti-Plasmodium falciparum activity of the purified fractions isolated from the venom of Iranian cobra snake (Naja Naja Oxiana) by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. The importance of this disease is due to its high prevalence, significant mortality, as well as drug resistance and, side effects of current drugs in treatment. Venom is a complex mixture of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-Plasmodium falciparum activity of the purified fraction of Iranian cobra snake venom by Real -time PCR. Met...
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 2020
Objective(s): Malaria is an important parasitic disease with high morbidity and mortality in trop... more Objective(s): Malaria is an important parasitic disease with high morbidity and mortality in tropical areas. Resistance to most antimalarial drugs has encouraged the development of new drugs including natural products. Venom is a complex mixture of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimalarial activity of purified fractions of Naja naja oxiana. Materials and Methods: Lyophilized venom was purified with a Sephacryl S-200 HR column and the fractions lyophilized and inhibitory concentration 50% against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 in vitro obtained. The 4th fraction was run on a Mono Q column, and activity against P. falciparum was detected by lactate dehydrogenase assay and purity by SDS PAGE. Large scale culture of the parasite was carried out with and without the active fraction on the ring stage for 48 hr. The parasites were collected and lyophilized and analyzed by 1HNMR. Chemometrics studies were performed using MATLAB, differentiat...
Acta Parasitologica, 2021
BACKGROUND The use of venom fractions from the Iranian cobra could be useful adjunct treatments o... more BACKGROUND The use of venom fractions from the Iranian cobra could be useful adjunct treatments of malaria with chloroquine. A metabolomic investigation with 1HNMR spectroscopy was conducted on an effective fraction tested earlier using Plasmodium berghei as an experimental murine model. PURPOSE We sought to ascertain both safety and anti-parasitic effects of experimental therapies. METHODS After purification of the venom fractions, 25 mice were infected, then treated for 4 days with 0.2 ml of 5 mg/kg, 2.5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg of the effective fraction, chloroquine, and a drug vehicle. An ED50 was obtained using Giemsa staining and real-time PCR analysis. The toxicity tests inspecting both liver and kidney tissues were performed. RESULTS A clear inhibitory effect on parasitaemia was observed (with 75% inhibition with 5 mg/kg and 50% reduction when 2.5 mg/kg dosage used). ED50 obtained 2.5 mg/kg. The metabolomics were identified as differentiation of aminoacyl-t-RNA biosynthesis, valine, leucine, isoleucine biosynthesis and degradation pathways were observed. CONCLUSION Upon therapeutic effects of cobra venom fraction, further optimization of dose-dependent response of pharmacokinetics would be worthwhile for further exploration in adjunct experimental venom therapies.
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets, 2021
Background: Studies have shown that selenium is an essential component of glutathione as an impor... more Background: Studies have shown that selenium is an essential component of glutathione as an important antioxidant to reduce oxidative stress and inhibit intracellular parasites’ growth. In contrast, calcium in the cytosol of such parasites plays a key role in the entry of the parasite into the host cell and its primary motility. Aim and Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate and compare glutathione peroxidase bioactivity effects post administration of selenium and calcium in BALB/c mice infected by Toxoplasma gondii. Methods: Sixty BALB/c mice susceptible to T. gondii were randomly divided into twelve groups of case and control groups. There were six control groups including two positive controls infected only with the parasites either 104 or 5×104, non-infected and untreated groups. Treated controls received only calcium, selenium, or both respectively. Case groups were infected with 104 or 5×104 parasites. While each set of three case groups separately received mine...
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets, 2021
Background: Although a majority of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are healed with Glu... more Background: Although a majority of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are healed with Glucantime chemotherapy, the increased drug resistance rate following its application is a concern. In this study, Naja naja oxiana crude venom of cobra snakes was used for the first time as an assembled combination of bioactive pharmaceutical components on Leishmania major (L. major) standard strain. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the Naja naja oxiana crude venom of Iranian cobra snakes on Leishmania major standard strain in vitro. Methods: Five concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL) of venom were added to Leishmania major cultures at 24, 48 and 72 h. The viability of the parasites and venom toxicity were assessed by MTT test. The apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry, while IC50 was determined by counting parasites compared to that of glucantime. Each test was conducted in triplicate. Results: After the exposure of the venom for 72 h, IC50 value was 0.36 μg/mL and 14....
Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 2019
Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection cause trichomonia... more Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection cause trichomoniasis. In this study prevalence and genotype of Iranian isolates of T. vaginalis infected (dsRNA) viruses were evaluated by PCR-RFLP and obtained patterns were then confirmed by sequence analysis and genotype of these Iranian isolates confirmed again. Methods: Ten strains of T.vaginalis were collected from 1700 vaginal samples of women referred to hospitals associated with Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran during Feb 2016 to Jul 2017, evaluated in points of infection to T. vaginalis Virus (TVV-1) were used in a PCR-RFLP. All of ten isolates of T. vaginalis were examined by designed nested PCR for actin gene and then digestion patterns of three endonuclease enzymes of HindII, MseI and RsaI were evaluated and genotype of these isolates was defined. Results: By combination of fragments pattern of three enzymes of HindII, RsaI and MseI, three genotypes were found; six genotyp...
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018
BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease induced by a protozoan from the genus Leishmania... more BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease induced by a protozoan from the genus Leishmania. No effective vaccine has yet been developed against the disease.AIM: In this work, two nano-vaccines, TSA recombinant plasmid and dendrimer and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles (as adjuvants), were designed and tested for their immunogenicity in BALB/c mice.METHODS: After the plasmid construction and preparation of adjuvants, three intramuscular injections of the nano-vaccines (100 µg) and the recombinant TSA protein (20 µg) were subcutaneously performed. Eventually, the challenged animals were infected with the parasites (1*106 promastigotes). After the last injections of the nano-vaccines, the responses of their antibody subclasses and cytokines were assessed via ELISA method before and after the challenge.RESULTS: This study revealed that the new nano-vaccines were strong and effective in inducing specific antibody and cellular responses and reducing the parasite burd...