Ioan Alexandru Bărbat - Independent Researcher (original) (raw)
Papers by Ioan Alexandru Bărbat
![Research paper thumbnail of Mărturii istorice despre utilizarea unei resurse minerale mai puţin cunoscute a judeţului Hunedoara: sarea [Historical Testimonies about the Use of a Lesser-Known Mineral Resource of Hunedoara County: Salt]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/107630411/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Terra Sebus, 2022
The present study aims to draw attention to certain lesser-known approaches in the current territ... more The present study aims to draw attention to certain lesser-known approaches in the current territory of the Hunedoara County (Romania), regarding salt exploitation in the Modern Age. The county's saliferous resources were abstracted primarily through saltwater springs and wells and less often in the form of salt springs and salt mines. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as a result of the measures taken by the mining authorities in order to reduce the cost of transporting the salt from Transylvania to Banat and Hungary, prospecting was carried out in Deva so as to identify a salt deposit suitable for future exploitation. However, the water infiltrations in the test pits led to the abandonment of the project.
diversity, 2022
Early Neolithic communities penetrated in southwestern Transylvania and were established in the M... more Early Neolithic communities penetrated in southwestern Transylvania and were established
in the Mures,
Valley where they found suitable territories for domestic animal herds and probably plant
cultivation. The present study tries to answer questions related to the beginnings of the neolithisation
in this area, from an interdisciplinary perspective, valuing archeozoologically and archeobotanically
the Starˇcevo-Cris, site of Soimus, -Teleghi (Hunedoara County), dating to the 7th–6th millennium BC.
Animal skeletal remains and phytoliths are the proxies analysed in this paper, offering data about the
palaeoeconomy and palaeoenvironment of the Early Neolithic settlement. In the archaeozoological
samples, the remains coming from domestic mammals are the most frequent, being identified as
cattle (Bos taurus), sheep/goat (Ovis aries/Capra hircus), pig (Sus domesticus), and dog (Canis familiaris).
The fact that pig remains are almost absent in the samples is significant, suggesting a mobility of
the evaluated communities. The skeletal remains of wild mammal species are rare, belonging to red
deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), aurochs (Bos primigenius), wild boar (Sus scrofa),
and polecat (Mustela putorius). The strong dominance of grasses is attested through the phytoliths’
assemblages. ELONGATE DENDRITIC phytoliths are well represented. This morphotype, which
originates from the inflorescence or the husk of Poaceae, is most likely derived from cultivated plants
(cereals such as wheat, barley, etc.). Archaeozoological and archaeobotanical data resulting from this
study suggest an open environment around the Early Neolithic settlement, where communities of
the Starˇcevo-Cris,
culture mainly raised herds of cattle and sheep/goat. Sporadically, hunting and
gathering molluscs were practised by the inhabitants, as indicated by archaeozoological results.
Geoarchaeology like a multidisciplinary approach in civil and mining engineering – Case study of Some Early Neolithic Stone Axes (Hunedoara County)
ABSTRACT
RECREATING ARTEFACTS AND ANCIENT SKILLS: FROM EXPERIMENT TO INTERPRETATION, 2022
Abstract: Hunting was an important activity to the prehistoric human communities. Bow and arrow ... more Abstract: Hunting was an important activity to the prehistoric human communities. Bow and
arrow generalised as early as the end of the Palaeolithic and became increasingly more
sophisticated over the following periods. The discovery of two Eneolithic arrowheads during the
systematic excavations carried out at the Rapoltu Mare-La Vie (Jipiş Hill) site raised our interest in
identifying the degree of efficiency of such implements. Thus, we resorted to the methods of
experimental archaeology, replicating complete projectiles points and testing the effects of arrows
with carved stone or antler heads on a medium-sized animal carcass. The results of the
archaeological experiments showed notable differences between the two types of arrowheads,
highlighting the behaviours of the arrows the moment they hit and penetrate the target as well as
the damages caused.
![Research paper thumbnail of Noi date privind exploatarea andezitului în proximitatea municipiului Deva în preistorie şi antichitate [New Data about the Exploitation of Andesite in Prehistory and Antiquity in the Proximity of Deva City]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81949499/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Terra Sebus, 2021
The article discusses the use of andesites in prehistory and Antiquity, from the perspective of v... more The article discusses the use of andesites in prehistory and Antiquity, from the perspective of volcanic rock occurrences in the surroundings of Deva, Romania. The southern and western part of Deva, located in southwestern Transylvania, in the northeastern side of the Poiana Ruscă Mountains, has experienced an almost uninterrupted exploitation of the andesite sources, from the Early Neolithic until today. While in prehistory the volcanic rock exploitations were adapted mainly to the requirements of those times for producing querns, in Antiquity the andesite quarries in the southern part of Deva were exploited to obtain the stone needed for certain elements of civil and religious architecture, as well as everyday necessities such as the production of querns.
Banatica, 2021
On the outskirts of Lunca Târnavei, Romania, over a decade ago, a greenish stone bead was discove... more On the outskirts of Lunca Târnavei, Romania, over a decade ago, a greenish
stone bead was discovered in a place called Ierdaş. The artefact was identified
in the vicinity of an Early Neolithic feature, characteristic of the Starčevo-Criş
cultural complex. At first glance, the appearance of the ornament is similar to the
beads that came out of the Neolithic sites of the northern Balkans within the Near
East, more than a few of the artefacts being merely several millimetres in diameter
and having a greenish colour of the rock from which they had been made.
The ornament was subjected to X-ray diffraction and Raman spectrometry
investigations in order to establish the composition of its raw material, and was
studied with electron microscopes (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy
(EDS) detectors for high resolution imaging and qualitative chemical composition.
The data gathered support the hypothesis that it is carved from a metamorphic
rock, probably a greenschist or chlorite schist.
The typological correspondence of the stone bead and of a small batch of archaeological materials in its vicinity, all discovered on the surface of the Lunca
Târnavei-Ierdaş site, offer us a new perspective on the cultural links from the
beginning of the 6th millennium BC between the Starčevo-Criş communities
in Transylvania and the ones located in the Lower Danube area.
V.D. ONEŢ, I. ONICA, E. COZMA-Mining parameters determination in the case of the open pit and und... more V.D. ONEŢ, I. ONICA, E. COZMA-Mining parameters determination in the case of the open pit and underground mining of the Roşia Poieni copper deposit………………………35 I. ONICA, E. COZMA, D. MARIAN-Roadheaders selection for the technical and geo-mining conditions of the Romanian salt mines…………………………………………………42 V. MIHĂILESCU, I. ONICA, E. COZMA-Parameters' optimization of the longwall faces with top coal caving mining, in horizontal slices and individual support technology………………………………………………………………………………51 I. ONICA, E. COZMA, D. ONEŢ-Assessment of the safety factor of the crown pillar between open pit and underground mining in the case of the Roşia Poieni copper deposit….…63 I. ONICA, E. COZMA, A. RUSU, V. MIHĂILESCU-Stability analysis of the settling underground reservoir-hydroelectric arrangement of the Jiu river………………….78 R.I. MORARU, G.B. BABUT-Intégration des situations limite tolérées en fonctionnement dans l'analyse du risque industriel.
Ephemeris Napocensis XXX, 2020
The rescue archaeological excavation fulfilled on the Deva – Orăştie highway route, led us to dis... more The rescue archaeological excavation fulfilled on the Deva – Orăştie highway route, led us to
discover a large settlement belonging to the Bronze Age, on the terrace of the Mureş River, at Şoimuş –
Teleghi (Hunedoara County). Some of the investigated features from this site contain large quantity of
pottery and bone artefacts. These artefacts are vessels with celestial symbolic representations, decorated
hearths and portable stoves (pyraunoi) with anthropomorphic plastic applications. Among these, there
are animal bones such as vertebras and phalanges, some of them processed and with intense using traces.
Another category of special objects was the clay wheels models, which were found in several pits, whole or
fragmentary. Despite being part of the assemblage of a clay wagon model, these items were found separately,
indicating that the wheel itself had a special meaning in the imaginary of the community. We consider
that all these artefacts had a special function in rituals activities and also that they were used, probably, in
shamanic practices.
Terra Sebus 12, 2020
Through the present archaeological note, we aim to describe and contextualise a stone pendant dis... more Through the present archaeological note, we aim to describe and contextualise a stone
pendant discovered in the Tărtăria-Pietroşiţa site, at the end of 2014, in a pit-house (C. 54)
belonging to the early Coţofeni culture (phase I). The artefact, which is merely a few centimetres in
size, was made out of a metamorphic rock similar to a quartzite (?), which was later perforated and
carefully polished on all sides. The item thus obtained can be included in the category of stone
pendants. Although stone pendants were a gradually increasing occurrence in Coţofeni culture,
particularly in its final phases, such items are absent from the early stages, with the exception of the
“phalliform” object from Tărtăria-Pietroşiţa.
![Research paper thumbnail of Despre primele descoperiri neolitice timpurii de la Boroșteni-Peștera Cioarei (comuna Peștișani, judeţul Gorj) [About the First Early Neolithic Finds from Boroșteni-Peștera Cioarei (Peștișani Commune, Gorj County)]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65903023/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Banatica 30/I, 2020
Through this article, we aim to present a small cache of Early Neolithic ceramic sherds (13 items... more Through this article, we aim to present a small cache of Early Neolithic ceramic sherds
(13 items) discovered in Boroșteni-Peștera Cioarei (Peștișani Commune, Gorj County),
during the excavations conducted in 1954 and 1981. The Peștera Cioarei archaeological site
is referenced in the bibliography for the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic discoveries, and to
a lesser extent for the later chronological horizons, as well as for the Early Neolithic.
From a chronological viewpoint the ceramic materials described in the present paper,
discovered during the archaeological exploration of the Cioarei cave, belong to an early
phase of the Starčevo-Criș cultural complex and most likely date from the beginning of the
6th millennium BC.
The occurrence of a new early Starčevo-Criș site in the north-western part of the
Oltenia region is significant as a likely result of the migration of certain Neolithic communities
from the Danube Valley towards the south of the Southern Carpathians, an event that
took place in the context of the neolithization of the Carpathian Basin and of the neighbouring
areas.
Buridava XII/1 Symposia Thracologica X, 2015
E. Teleagă (ed.), Funeralkultur der Thraker und Skythen des 7. bis 5. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. an der unteren Donau, Studien zur Eisenzeitlichen Archäologie Thrakiens (E. Teleagă, D. Gergova A. Müller-Karpe, N. Torbov eds), vol. 5 Verlag Marie Leidorf, Rhaden, 2020
Southwestern Transylvania represents a distinct area in the general picture of the Early Iron Age... more Southwestern Transylvania represents a distinct area in the general picture of the Early Iron Age in the Carpathian Basin; just as in previous or later periods, the remains of human activities are somewhat different from those in Banat or Central Transylvania. Before reaching the city of Deva, the Mureș valley begins to narrow, forming a natural corridor (Zotic 2007): a gate for the circulation of resources and ideas coming from the west, east and south (fig. 1) 1. It is not a surprise that scholars have often left 1 We would like to thank Dr. Emilian Teleaga for the invitation to the conference which took place last year in Marburg and for bibliographical references and observations that he kindly provided. After the presentation, we learned about the newly discovered axe from Almașul Sec, Hunedoara county, and the publication of the grave from Băcăinți, Alba county. These two finds and the tomb from Blandiana were added to our initial endeavour.
Journal of Ancient History and Archaeology 7.2, 2020
Rescue archaeological excavations took place in the summer of 2014 at the multi-period site of Bă... more Rescue archaeological excavations took place in the summer of 2014 at the multi-period site of Bălata-Schit, Șoimuș commune, Hunedoara County, adding to the existing information on one of the most important sites on the Mureș Valley. Amongst the numerous discoveries, fragments from at least two bronze cauldrons were uncovered. The morphological characteristics, especially the cross-shaped handles decorated with geometric patterns, indicate their dating in the final stage of Ha B2, as also suggested by other analogies in Transylvania. The vessels belong to the categories Merhardt B1 and B2a. The bronze recipients from Bălata reveal an unknown chapter in the archaeology of the Early Iron Age in southwestern Transylvania, offering new data on the spirituality of the respective times.
BEAUTY AND THE EYE OF THE BEHOLDER Personal adornments across the millennia, 2020
The present article discusses in detail nine Early Neolithic adornments and clothing ornaments di... more The present article discusses in detail nine Early Neolithic adornments and clothing
ornaments discovered during the rescue archaeological surveys conducted at Tărtăria-Pietroșița,
Romania. With the exception of a bead made from a ceramic vessel fragment, all items were manufactured
from osseous materials such as bone and shell, and the microscopic examination indicated that most of
them showed minimal usewear marks. All objects discussed here originated from archaeological features
interpreted as dwellings. Analogous artefacts have been found at other nearby sites, including Starčevo-
Criș settlements in south-western Transylvania, as well as at sites in Serbia, Hungary, and the Republic of
Moldova.
International Journal of Conservation Science, 11, 1, 2020
Animal remains and phytoliths deriving from the Early Neolithic site of Rapoltu Mare-Seghi (Huned... more Animal remains and phytoliths deriving from the Early Neolithic site of Rapoltu Mare-Seghi (Hunedoara County, Romania) are used for obtaining data regarding the palaeoenvironment of a Starčevo-Cris community. Bioarchaeological information in this paper is important considering that the beginning of the neolithization in the southwest Transylvania is still poorly documented. Archaeozoological analysis offers information on the settlement palaeoeconomy and phytoliths are reliable markers for the vegetal environment in this area. The most animal remains come from domestic mammals, especially cattle (Bos taurus) and sheep / goat (Ovis aries / Capra hircus); few remains of dog (Canis familiaris) and wild mammals (aurochs-Bos primigenius and wild boar-Sus scrofa) have been also identified. The absence of pig (Sus domesticus) suggests that the Starčevo-Cris community of Rapoltu Mare-Seghi had a high mobility, specific to shepherds. Phytoliths assemblages show the net dominance of grasses, several subfamilies of Poaceae family being attested. ELONGATE DENDRITIC forms are quite well represented, suggesting an anthropogenic accumulation; but it does not just mean that the cereal cultivation was practiced by the Rapoltu Mare-Seghi community. Bioarchaeological data indicate an open environment around the settlement, where people bred especially cattle and sheep/goat flocks.
BANATICA 29, 2019
PRELIMINARY REPORT REGARDING THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCHES FROM RAPOLTU MARE-LA VIE, 2017 CAMPAIG... more PRELIMINARY REPORT REGARDING THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCHES FROM RAPOLTU MARE-LA VIE, 2017 CAMPAIGN Abstract
The archaeological campaign from 2017 was held from May 22 to August 12, and between October 20 to November 10, with the main purpose of continuing the research of the previous years in the area SpI and opening a new research unit toward the center of the terrace from Rapoltu Mare-La Vie, where the noninvasive investigations indicated the presence of important buildings. They were identified parts of buildings belonging to the second and third centuries AD, and also prehistoric structures from Paleolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age.
![Research paper thumbnail of O scurtă prezentare a așezării din epoca bronzului târziu de la Brănișca-Pescărie Vest (județul Hunedoara, România) [A brief presentation of the Late Bronze Age settlement from Brănișca-Pescărie Vest (Hunedoara county, Romania)]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62425878/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Revista de Cercetări Arheologice și Numismatice, 5, 2019
The archaeological site at Brănişca-Pescărie Vest was partly researched in the spring of 2014, wh... more The archaeological site at Brănişca-Pescărie Vest was partly researched in the spring of 2014, when a settlement from the Bronze Age, identified for the first time in autumn 2013 following a intrusive diagnosis, was discovered on a length of about 170 meters. The results of the researches highlighted the presence of different categories of archaeological contexts, in most cases being complexes digged in the ground in the form of pits. The functionality of the archaeological complexes was assumed based on the particularities of the archaeological inventory, but also according to other criteria, such as the shapes and dimensions of the investigated pits. After a preliminary analysis of the characteristics of the archaeological complexes and materials, it can be argued that the site from Brănișca-Pescărie Vest, as much as researched in 2014, belongs to the Late Bronze Age II (LBA II), evolving at the time of Reinecke Br C-D.
by Dan Pîrvulescu, Opriş Vasile, Aurel Vilcu, Alina Pîrvulescu, Alina (Muşat) Streinu, Ignat Theodor, Adrian Balasescu, Emanuel Petac, Camelia-Mirela Vintila, Rumyana Yordanova, Mădălina Dimache, Diaconu Vasile, Ioan Alexandru Bărbat, Petre Colteanu, Sorin Cleșiu, Marius C Streinu, Oana Borlean, Paul Ciobotaru, Mihai Dima, Paul Gabriel Dumitrache, Adriana Mihaela Roșca, and Viorel Petac
Revista de Cercetări Arheologice și Numismatice, 2019
![Research paper thumbnail of Fibule romane descoperite în situl Rapoltu Mare-La Vie, jud. Hunedoara [Roman Fibulas Discovered in Rapoltu Mare–La Vie, Hunedoara County]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62350832/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Terra Sebus, 11, 2019
The archaeological site Rapoltu Mare-La Vie is located in the western part of Dacia Province, on... more The archaeological site Rapoltu Mare-La Vie is located in the western part of Dacia
Province, on a high terrace, situated on the right side of the Mureş River, the main road to the west
of the Roman Empire. The systematic archaeological research undertaken here from the summer of
2013 revealed a series of traces of anthropogenic activities from prehistory to modern times. Of these,
the Roman period was the most extensive, thanks to a villa which once stood on this terrace, built
during the second and the third centuries AD, having passed through several phases of construction.
The archaeological sections excavated so far have focused on a complex of buildings associatedwith
the gate on the southern side of the villa, as well as one of the central buildings of this settlement.
Among the artefacts discovered within the Roman levels are six fibulae, their typology and
peculiarities being important elements for determining the chronological evolution of the settlement.
![Research paper thumbnail of Cercetări arheologice preventive la Ocolişu Mic (comuna Orăştioara de Sus, judeţul Hunedoara) [Rescue Archaeological Excavations in Ocolişu Mic (Orăştioara de Sus Commune, Hunedoara County)]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62350793/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Terra Sebus, 11, 2019
In the course of an archaeological review during the first half of December 2018, on the outskir... more In the course of an archaeological review during the first half of December 2018, on the
outskirts of the Ocolişu Mic village, in the În Deal site (Orăştioara de Sus Commune, Hunedoara
County), an archaeological complex was identified. The rescue archaeological excavations, which were
resumed in the spring of the following year (2019), showed the presence of a surface archaeological
complex which, from an architectural viewpoint, represented a hut. Based on the characteristics of the
ceramics, the aforementioned complex, named Cx. 1, was attributed to the Middle Bronze Age
(Wietenberg Culture, phases II-III). Considering the geographical configurations of the hilly, semimountainous
region, as well as the presence of a very limited quantity of artefacts in the
archaeologically surveyed areas, the complex is most likely a Wietenberg seasonal dwelling.
Terra Sebus, 2022
The present study aims to draw attention to certain lesser-known approaches in the current territ... more The present study aims to draw attention to certain lesser-known approaches in the current territory of the Hunedoara County (Romania), regarding salt exploitation in the Modern Age. The county's saliferous resources were abstracted primarily through saltwater springs and wells and less often in the form of salt springs and salt mines. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as a result of the measures taken by the mining authorities in order to reduce the cost of transporting the salt from Transylvania to Banat and Hungary, prospecting was carried out in Deva so as to identify a salt deposit suitable for future exploitation. However, the water infiltrations in the test pits led to the abandonment of the project.
diversity, 2022
Early Neolithic communities penetrated in southwestern Transylvania and were established in the M... more Early Neolithic communities penetrated in southwestern Transylvania and were established
in the Mures,
Valley where they found suitable territories for domestic animal herds and probably plant
cultivation. The present study tries to answer questions related to the beginnings of the neolithisation
in this area, from an interdisciplinary perspective, valuing archeozoologically and archeobotanically
the Starˇcevo-Cris, site of Soimus, -Teleghi (Hunedoara County), dating to the 7th–6th millennium BC.
Animal skeletal remains and phytoliths are the proxies analysed in this paper, offering data about the
palaeoeconomy and palaeoenvironment of the Early Neolithic settlement. In the archaeozoological
samples, the remains coming from domestic mammals are the most frequent, being identified as
cattle (Bos taurus), sheep/goat (Ovis aries/Capra hircus), pig (Sus domesticus), and dog (Canis familiaris).
The fact that pig remains are almost absent in the samples is significant, suggesting a mobility of
the evaluated communities. The skeletal remains of wild mammal species are rare, belonging to red
deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), aurochs (Bos primigenius), wild boar (Sus scrofa),
and polecat (Mustela putorius). The strong dominance of grasses is attested through the phytoliths’
assemblages. ELONGATE DENDRITIC phytoliths are well represented. This morphotype, which
originates from the inflorescence or the husk of Poaceae, is most likely derived from cultivated plants
(cereals such as wheat, barley, etc.). Archaeozoological and archaeobotanical data resulting from this
study suggest an open environment around the Early Neolithic settlement, where communities of
the Starˇcevo-Cris,
culture mainly raised herds of cattle and sheep/goat. Sporadically, hunting and
gathering molluscs were practised by the inhabitants, as indicated by archaeozoological results.
Geoarchaeology like a multidisciplinary approach in civil and mining engineering – Case study of Some Early Neolithic Stone Axes (Hunedoara County)
ABSTRACT
RECREATING ARTEFACTS AND ANCIENT SKILLS: FROM EXPERIMENT TO INTERPRETATION, 2022
Abstract: Hunting was an important activity to the prehistoric human communities. Bow and arrow ... more Abstract: Hunting was an important activity to the prehistoric human communities. Bow and
arrow generalised as early as the end of the Palaeolithic and became increasingly more
sophisticated over the following periods. The discovery of two Eneolithic arrowheads during the
systematic excavations carried out at the Rapoltu Mare-La Vie (Jipiş Hill) site raised our interest in
identifying the degree of efficiency of such implements. Thus, we resorted to the methods of
experimental archaeology, replicating complete projectiles points and testing the effects of arrows
with carved stone or antler heads on a medium-sized animal carcass. The results of the
archaeological experiments showed notable differences between the two types of arrowheads,
highlighting the behaviours of the arrows the moment they hit and penetrate the target as well as
the damages caused.
Terra Sebus, 2021
The article discusses the use of andesites in prehistory and Antiquity, from the perspective of v... more The article discusses the use of andesites in prehistory and Antiquity, from the perspective of volcanic rock occurrences in the surroundings of Deva, Romania. The southern and western part of Deva, located in southwestern Transylvania, in the northeastern side of the Poiana Ruscă Mountains, has experienced an almost uninterrupted exploitation of the andesite sources, from the Early Neolithic until today. While in prehistory the volcanic rock exploitations were adapted mainly to the requirements of those times for producing querns, in Antiquity the andesite quarries in the southern part of Deva were exploited to obtain the stone needed for certain elements of civil and religious architecture, as well as everyday necessities such as the production of querns.
Banatica, 2021
On the outskirts of Lunca Târnavei, Romania, over a decade ago, a greenish stone bead was discove... more On the outskirts of Lunca Târnavei, Romania, over a decade ago, a greenish
stone bead was discovered in a place called Ierdaş. The artefact was identified
in the vicinity of an Early Neolithic feature, characteristic of the Starčevo-Criş
cultural complex. At first glance, the appearance of the ornament is similar to the
beads that came out of the Neolithic sites of the northern Balkans within the Near
East, more than a few of the artefacts being merely several millimetres in diameter
and having a greenish colour of the rock from which they had been made.
The ornament was subjected to X-ray diffraction and Raman spectrometry
investigations in order to establish the composition of its raw material, and was
studied with electron microscopes (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy
(EDS) detectors for high resolution imaging and qualitative chemical composition.
The data gathered support the hypothesis that it is carved from a metamorphic
rock, probably a greenschist or chlorite schist.
The typological correspondence of the stone bead and of a small batch of archaeological materials in its vicinity, all discovered on the surface of the Lunca
Târnavei-Ierdaş site, offer us a new perspective on the cultural links from the
beginning of the 6th millennium BC between the Starčevo-Criş communities
in Transylvania and the ones located in the Lower Danube area.
V.D. ONEŢ, I. ONICA, E. COZMA-Mining parameters determination in the case of the open pit and und... more V.D. ONEŢ, I. ONICA, E. COZMA-Mining parameters determination in the case of the open pit and underground mining of the Roşia Poieni copper deposit………………………35 I. ONICA, E. COZMA, D. MARIAN-Roadheaders selection for the technical and geo-mining conditions of the Romanian salt mines…………………………………………………42 V. MIHĂILESCU, I. ONICA, E. COZMA-Parameters' optimization of the longwall faces with top coal caving mining, in horizontal slices and individual support technology………………………………………………………………………………51 I. ONICA, E. COZMA, D. ONEŢ-Assessment of the safety factor of the crown pillar between open pit and underground mining in the case of the Roşia Poieni copper deposit….…63 I. ONICA, E. COZMA, A. RUSU, V. MIHĂILESCU-Stability analysis of the settling underground reservoir-hydroelectric arrangement of the Jiu river………………….78 R.I. MORARU, G.B. BABUT-Intégration des situations limite tolérées en fonctionnement dans l'analyse du risque industriel.
Ephemeris Napocensis XXX, 2020
The rescue archaeological excavation fulfilled on the Deva – Orăştie highway route, led us to dis... more The rescue archaeological excavation fulfilled on the Deva – Orăştie highway route, led us to
discover a large settlement belonging to the Bronze Age, on the terrace of the Mureş River, at Şoimuş –
Teleghi (Hunedoara County). Some of the investigated features from this site contain large quantity of
pottery and bone artefacts. These artefacts are vessels with celestial symbolic representations, decorated
hearths and portable stoves (pyraunoi) with anthropomorphic plastic applications. Among these, there
are animal bones such as vertebras and phalanges, some of them processed and with intense using traces.
Another category of special objects was the clay wheels models, which were found in several pits, whole or
fragmentary. Despite being part of the assemblage of a clay wagon model, these items were found separately,
indicating that the wheel itself had a special meaning in the imaginary of the community. We consider
that all these artefacts had a special function in rituals activities and also that they were used, probably, in
shamanic practices.
Terra Sebus 12, 2020
Through the present archaeological note, we aim to describe and contextualise a stone pendant dis... more Through the present archaeological note, we aim to describe and contextualise a stone
pendant discovered in the Tărtăria-Pietroşiţa site, at the end of 2014, in a pit-house (C. 54)
belonging to the early Coţofeni culture (phase I). The artefact, which is merely a few centimetres in
size, was made out of a metamorphic rock similar to a quartzite (?), which was later perforated and
carefully polished on all sides. The item thus obtained can be included in the category of stone
pendants. Although stone pendants were a gradually increasing occurrence in Coţofeni culture,
particularly in its final phases, such items are absent from the early stages, with the exception of the
“phalliform” object from Tărtăria-Pietroşiţa.
Banatica 30/I, 2020
Through this article, we aim to present a small cache of Early Neolithic ceramic sherds (13 items... more Through this article, we aim to present a small cache of Early Neolithic ceramic sherds
(13 items) discovered in Boroșteni-Peștera Cioarei (Peștișani Commune, Gorj County),
during the excavations conducted in 1954 and 1981. The Peștera Cioarei archaeological site
is referenced in the bibliography for the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic discoveries, and to
a lesser extent for the later chronological horizons, as well as for the Early Neolithic.
From a chronological viewpoint the ceramic materials described in the present paper,
discovered during the archaeological exploration of the Cioarei cave, belong to an early
phase of the Starčevo-Criș cultural complex and most likely date from the beginning of the
6th millennium BC.
The occurrence of a new early Starčevo-Criș site in the north-western part of the
Oltenia region is significant as a likely result of the migration of certain Neolithic communities
from the Danube Valley towards the south of the Southern Carpathians, an event that
took place in the context of the neolithization of the Carpathian Basin and of the neighbouring
areas.
Buridava XII/1 Symposia Thracologica X, 2015
E. Teleagă (ed.), Funeralkultur der Thraker und Skythen des 7. bis 5. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. an der unteren Donau, Studien zur Eisenzeitlichen Archäologie Thrakiens (E. Teleagă, D. Gergova A. Müller-Karpe, N. Torbov eds), vol. 5 Verlag Marie Leidorf, Rhaden, 2020
Southwestern Transylvania represents a distinct area in the general picture of the Early Iron Age... more Southwestern Transylvania represents a distinct area in the general picture of the Early Iron Age in the Carpathian Basin; just as in previous or later periods, the remains of human activities are somewhat different from those in Banat or Central Transylvania. Before reaching the city of Deva, the Mureș valley begins to narrow, forming a natural corridor (Zotic 2007): a gate for the circulation of resources and ideas coming from the west, east and south (fig. 1) 1. It is not a surprise that scholars have often left 1 We would like to thank Dr. Emilian Teleaga for the invitation to the conference which took place last year in Marburg and for bibliographical references and observations that he kindly provided. After the presentation, we learned about the newly discovered axe from Almașul Sec, Hunedoara county, and the publication of the grave from Băcăinți, Alba county. These two finds and the tomb from Blandiana were added to our initial endeavour.
Journal of Ancient History and Archaeology 7.2, 2020
Rescue archaeological excavations took place in the summer of 2014 at the multi-period site of Bă... more Rescue archaeological excavations took place in the summer of 2014 at the multi-period site of Bălata-Schit, Șoimuș commune, Hunedoara County, adding to the existing information on one of the most important sites on the Mureș Valley. Amongst the numerous discoveries, fragments from at least two bronze cauldrons were uncovered. The morphological characteristics, especially the cross-shaped handles decorated with geometric patterns, indicate their dating in the final stage of Ha B2, as also suggested by other analogies in Transylvania. The vessels belong to the categories Merhardt B1 and B2a. The bronze recipients from Bălata reveal an unknown chapter in the archaeology of the Early Iron Age in southwestern Transylvania, offering new data on the spirituality of the respective times.
BEAUTY AND THE EYE OF THE BEHOLDER Personal adornments across the millennia, 2020
The present article discusses in detail nine Early Neolithic adornments and clothing ornaments di... more The present article discusses in detail nine Early Neolithic adornments and clothing
ornaments discovered during the rescue archaeological surveys conducted at Tărtăria-Pietroșița,
Romania. With the exception of a bead made from a ceramic vessel fragment, all items were manufactured
from osseous materials such as bone and shell, and the microscopic examination indicated that most of
them showed minimal usewear marks. All objects discussed here originated from archaeological features
interpreted as dwellings. Analogous artefacts have been found at other nearby sites, including Starčevo-
Criș settlements in south-western Transylvania, as well as at sites in Serbia, Hungary, and the Republic of
Moldova.
International Journal of Conservation Science, 11, 1, 2020
Animal remains and phytoliths deriving from the Early Neolithic site of Rapoltu Mare-Seghi (Huned... more Animal remains and phytoliths deriving from the Early Neolithic site of Rapoltu Mare-Seghi (Hunedoara County, Romania) are used for obtaining data regarding the palaeoenvironment of a Starčevo-Cris community. Bioarchaeological information in this paper is important considering that the beginning of the neolithization in the southwest Transylvania is still poorly documented. Archaeozoological analysis offers information on the settlement palaeoeconomy and phytoliths are reliable markers for the vegetal environment in this area. The most animal remains come from domestic mammals, especially cattle (Bos taurus) and sheep / goat (Ovis aries / Capra hircus); few remains of dog (Canis familiaris) and wild mammals (aurochs-Bos primigenius and wild boar-Sus scrofa) have been also identified. The absence of pig (Sus domesticus) suggests that the Starčevo-Cris community of Rapoltu Mare-Seghi had a high mobility, specific to shepherds. Phytoliths assemblages show the net dominance of grasses, several subfamilies of Poaceae family being attested. ELONGATE DENDRITIC forms are quite well represented, suggesting an anthropogenic accumulation; but it does not just mean that the cereal cultivation was practiced by the Rapoltu Mare-Seghi community. Bioarchaeological data indicate an open environment around the settlement, where people bred especially cattle and sheep/goat flocks.
BANATICA 29, 2019
PRELIMINARY REPORT REGARDING THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCHES FROM RAPOLTU MARE-LA VIE, 2017 CAMPAIG... more PRELIMINARY REPORT REGARDING THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCHES FROM RAPOLTU MARE-LA VIE, 2017 CAMPAIGN Abstract
The archaeological campaign from 2017 was held from May 22 to August 12, and between October 20 to November 10, with the main purpose of continuing the research of the previous years in the area SpI and opening a new research unit toward the center of the terrace from Rapoltu Mare-La Vie, where the noninvasive investigations indicated the presence of important buildings. They were identified parts of buildings belonging to the second and third centuries AD, and also prehistoric structures from Paleolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age.
Revista de Cercetări Arheologice și Numismatice, 5, 2019
The archaeological site at Brănişca-Pescărie Vest was partly researched in the spring of 2014, wh... more The archaeological site at Brănişca-Pescărie Vest was partly researched in the spring of 2014, when a settlement from the Bronze Age, identified for the first time in autumn 2013 following a intrusive diagnosis, was discovered on a length of about 170 meters. The results of the researches highlighted the presence of different categories of archaeological contexts, in most cases being complexes digged in the ground in the form of pits. The functionality of the archaeological complexes was assumed based on the particularities of the archaeological inventory, but also according to other criteria, such as the shapes and dimensions of the investigated pits. After a preliminary analysis of the characteristics of the archaeological complexes and materials, it can be argued that the site from Brănișca-Pescărie Vest, as much as researched in 2014, belongs to the Late Bronze Age II (LBA II), evolving at the time of Reinecke Br C-D.
by Dan Pîrvulescu, Opriş Vasile, Aurel Vilcu, Alina Pîrvulescu, Alina (Muşat) Streinu, Ignat Theodor, Adrian Balasescu, Emanuel Petac, Camelia-Mirela Vintila, Rumyana Yordanova, Mădălina Dimache, Diaconu Vasile, Ioan Alexandru Bărbat, Petre Colteanu, Sorin Cleșiu, Marius C Streinu, Oana Borlean, Paul Ciobotaru, Mihai Dima, Paul Gabriel Dumitrache, Adriana Mihaela Roșca, and Viorel Petac
Revista de Cercetări Arheologice și Numismatice, 2019
Terra Sebus, 11, 2019
The archaeological site Rapoltu Mare-La Vie is located in the western part of Dacia Province, on... more The archaeological site Rapoltu Mare-La Vie is located in the western part of Dacia
Province, on a high terrace, situated on the right side of the Mureş River, the main road to the west
of the Roman Empire. The systematic archaeological research undertaken here from the summer of
2013 revealed a series of traces of anthropogenic activities from prehistory to modern times. Of these,
the Roman period was the most extensive, thanks to a villa which once stood on this terrace, built
during the second and the third centuries AD, having passed through several phases of construction.
The archaeological sections excavated so far have focused on a complex of buildings associatedwith
the gate on the southern side of the villa, as well as one of the central buildings of this settlement.
Among the artefacts discovered within the Roman levels are six fibulae, their typology and
peculiarities being important elements for determining the chronological evolution of the settlement.
Terra Sebus, 11, 2019
In the course of an archaeological review during the first half of December 2018, on the outskir... more In the course of an archaeological review during the first half of December 2018, on the
outskirts of the Ocolişu Mic village, in the În Deal site (Orăştioara de Sus Commune, Hunedoara
County), an archaeological complex was identified. The rescue archaeological excavations, which were
resumed in the spring of the following year (2019), showed the presence of a surface archaeological
complex which, from an architectural viewpoint, represented a hut. Based on the characteristics of the
ceramics, the aforementioned complex, named Cx. 1, was attributed to the Middle Bronze Age
(Wietenberg Culture, phases II-III). Considering the geographical configurations of the hilly, semimountainous
region, as well as the presence of a very limited quantity of artefacts in the
archaeologically surveyed areas, the complex is most likely a Wietenberg seasonal dwelling.
Fără nicio îndoială, arheologia preventivă prilejuită de marile proiecte de infrastructură rutier... more Fără nicio îndoială, arheologia preventivă prilejuită de marile proiecte de infrastructură rutieră, reprezintă o formă de cercetare care se caracterizează, înainte de toate, printr-un grad ridicat al manifestării în cadrul demersurilor ei a elementelor atipice unei cercetări ştiinţifice. Marele paradox al ei este acela că, deşi se încadrează, metodologic şi procedural, în standardele acceptate ale unei investigaţii ştiinţifice, situaţiile neprevăzute în proiectul iniţial de cercetare obligă colectivul de cercetători să se adapteze "din mers" la realităţile invocate, făcând astfel necesară, obligatorie chiar, remodelarea configuraţiei proiectelor iniţiale de investigare, ca răspuns adecvat la situaţii care nu au fost prevăzute la momentul debutului cercetărilor în teren.
The volume brings together 18 studies on magic and religions. The works were presented at a sympo... more The volume brings together 18 studies on magic and religions. The works were presented at a symposium held in Deva, at the Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilization.
![Research paper thumbnail of Archaeotechnology: studying technology from prehistory to the Middle Ages [2014]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/35221605/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](by Jasna Vukovic, Thilo Rehren, Srpsko Arheološko Društvo, Selena Vitezović, Tatjana Mihailović, Julka Kuzmanovic-Cvetkovic, Gordana Jeremic, Ilinka Atanasova, Dragana Rajković, Tomislav Hršak, and Ioan Alexandru Bărbat
