Haitham Qaralleh | Mutah University (original) (raw)

Papers by Haitham Qaralleh

Frontiers in Pharmacology

Gentamicin (GEN) is a bactericidal aminoglycoside known to cause nephrotoxicity. Formononetin (FN... more Gentamicin (GEN) is a bactericidal aminoglycoside known to cause nephrotoxicity. Formononetin (FN) is a potent flavonoid that exhibits numerous promising pharmacological activities. In this study, we have assessed the nephroprotective efficacy of FN against GEN-induced renal injury in rats. Rats were orally administered with FN (60 mg/kg/day, for 2 weeks) and were co-treated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of GEN (100 mg/kg/day) during the days 8–14. GEN-treated rats demonstrated increased urea and creatinine levels in serum associated with marked histopathological changes in the kidney. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl contents were elevated, whereas glutathione concentration and catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were lowered in GEN-administered rats. The FN largely prevented tissue damage, attenuated renal function, reduced MDA and protein carbonyl, and enhanced antioxidant capacity in the kidney of GEN-administrated animals. The kidney of GEN-treated ra...

Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine, Jun 17, 2015

This study was carried out to isolate the active antimicrobial compounds from Neopetrosia exigua ... more This study was carried out to isolate the active antimicrobial compounds from Neopetrosia exigua using bio-guided assay isolation against Staphylococcus aureus. N. exigua was extracted using methanol and subjected to liquid-liquid extraction using solvents with different polarity (n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, n-butanol and water). Purification of the active components of n-butanol and dichloromethane fractions was done using Sephadex LH-20 and reverse phase chromatography. Based on the biological guided fractionation results, dichloromethane and n-butanol fractions showed the highest antimicrobial activity. Purification of the active components of n-butanol and dichloromethane fractions yielded three compounds. The structure of the isolated compounds were elucidated and found to be 5-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester, cyclo-1`-demethylcystalgerone and avarol derivative. Avarol was showed potent bactericidal effect against S. aureus. N. exigua appea...

Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine, 2019

It is worth mentioning that the high output of different physiological responses under the expres... more It is worth mentioning that the high output of different physiological responses under the expression of vgb, may have a considerable effect on the enzyme productivity, dairy industry, heavy metal uptake, biodegradation of different organic pollutants and other applications. The expression of bacterial haemoglobin is useful in lessening the load of perceived toxic conditions such as high oxygen levels. This in turn probably has the same impact on some peripheral toxic materials. This, hemoglobin biotechnology can be extended to enhance production of pollutants degrading enzymes or production of some valuable manufacturing materials on the case-by-case bases. It is likely that the mechanism of bacterial hemoglobin (VHb) effects is intermediated via an oxygen trapping action. This may drive the enrichment of ATP production, which is mostly required for higher productivity of needed substances for that activity.

The essential oils from the dried leaves of Thymus capitatus was isolated by steam distillation. ... more The essential oils from the dried leaves of Thymus capitatus was isolated by steam distillation. The collected oil were analyzed by GC-MS and also evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity. Twenty-two compounds, constituting about 95.4% of the total oil, were identified. The main constituents were thymol (39.2%), p-cymene (19.4%), carvacrol (11.8%) and g-terpinene (7.4%). The antibacterial activity of the oil was estimated using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods against four bacteria. The essential oils wer found to show a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria strains. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most sensitive bacteria. The essential oil were equally active against Gram-negative and ram-positive bacteria

Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine, 2019

Bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) was isolated from the Petra Wastewater Treatment P... more Bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) was isolated from the Petra Wastewater Treatment Plant effluent in southern Jordan. It was identified by using morphological and biochemical characteristics. A. hydrophila was found to be able of using chlorobenzoate compounds as carbon and energy source. These capabilities were with different biodegradation rates (4- chlorobenzoic acid 5µM/hr, 3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid 15.5µM/hr, 2- chlorobenzoic acid 41µM/hr and 3- chlorobenzoic acid 65µM/hr). The degradation ability was monitored through the release of chloride, disappearance of the substrate and finally the growth of bacterial cells on these substrates. A. hydrophila dioxygenases physiologically induced by chlorobenzoic acid compounds, were analyzed for both ortho or meta ring-cleavage of these aromatic compounds. Only 1, 2-dioxygenase activity was detected which suggest that the cleavage is through the ortho pathway. The best results of degradation of 2-CBA compound were obtained wi...

The problem of antimicrobial drug resistance has necessitated a search for new antimicrobial subs... more The problem of antimicrobial drug resistance has necessitated a search for new antimicrobial substances from other sources including natural sources. Marine organisms are known to produce metabolites to protect themselves against pathogens and therefore can be considered as a potential source of antimicrobial substances. This study designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of three hard coral species namely Favites sp Link (Faviidae), Galaxea fascicularis Linnaeus (Oculinidae), and Galaxea astreata Lamarck (Oculinidae) against six pathogenic microbes. The coral species were extracted with water and a combination of dichloromethane and methanol. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated using disc diffusion method and microdilution method. From the disc diffusion method, the organic extracts showed antimicrobial activity while the aqueous extracts showed no activity. The organic extract from G. fascicularis was the most effective against Staphylococcus aureus (11...

his study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Thymus capitatus and two of its ... more his study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Thymus capitatus and two of its major components namely thymol and carvacrol. The dried leaves were extracted using soxhlet apparatus. Thymol and carvacrol were isolated using normal phase column chromatography. The antibacterial activity of the leaves extract, thymol and carvacrol were estimated using agar disc diffusion and broth dilution methods against four bacterial strains. The leaves extract was found to show a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against all the tested bacterial strains. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most sensitive bacteria. The purified compounds exhibited relatively stronger antibacterial activity than the extract. Thymol fraction exhibited stronger antibacterial activity than carvacrol. Thymol fraction exhibited MIC values ranging from 0.005 – 0.008 mg/mL while carvacrol fraction exhibited MIC values ranging from 0.007 – 0.008 mg/mL.

Tropical biomedicine, 2019

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) consider as the most common infections worldwide, with higher ris... more Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) consider as the most common infections worldwide, with higher risk in patients experienced Acute Appendicitis (AA). The purpose of this study was, to investigate the bacterial profile of UTIs in patients with non-ruptured AA postsurgically, and to assess age- and gender-related links of all AA cases in Karak region, Jordan. Urine samples obtained from 46 cases (32 male and 14 female) aged between 16-70 years were diagnosed as non-ruptured AA, following with isolation and characterization of isolated bacteria. Out of 46 AA cases, uropathogens isolated from 25 (54.3%) UTI cases. Out of these isolates; 42 (73.7%) were gram-negative isolates and 15 (26.3%) were gram-positive bacteria. The percentage of isolates were E. coli (26.3%), Enterobacter species (21%), Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella pneumoniea (10.5%) for each, Streptococcus saprophytics and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7%) for each, Yersinia spp. and S. milleri (8.8%). Out of UTI cases, 20 cases...

Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine, 2019

Antibactrial activity of Asteriscus graveolens methanolic extract and its synergy effect with fun... more Antibactrial activity of Asteriscus graveolens methanolic extract and its synergy effect with fungal mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against some enteric bacterial human pathogen was conducted. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by the fungal strain namely Tritirachium oryzae W5H as reported early. In this study, MICs of AgNPs against E. aerogenes, Salmonella sp., E. coli and C. albicans in order were 2.13, 19.15, 0.08 and 6.38 µg/mL, respectively, while the MICs of A. graveolens ethanolic extract against the same bacteria were 4, 366, <3300 and 40 µg/mL, respectively. The MIC values at concentration less than 19.15 and 40 µg/ml indicating the potent bacteriostatic effect of AgNPs and A. graveolens ethanolic extract. Increasing in IFA was reported when Nitrofurantion and Trimethoprim were combined with Etoh extract with maximum increase in IFA by 6 and 12 folds for, respectively. Also, 10 folds increasing in IFA was reported when trimethoprim was combined with AgNPs: Eto...

arXiv: Biomolecules, 2015

Neopetrosia exigua has received great attention in natural product chemistry. The diversity of N.... more Neopetrosia exigua has received great attention in natural product chemistry. The diversity of N. exigua constituents has been demonstrated by the continued discovery of novel bioactive metabolites such as antimicrobial metabolites. In this study, in order to localise the active component of N. exigua biomass according to the polarity, a sequential gradient partition with different solvents (n- hexane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, n-butanol, and water) was performed to obtain fractions containing metabolites distributed according to their polarity. The antimicrobial activities of N. exigua fractions were then evaluated using disc diffusion and microdilution methods (influence on the growth curve, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC)). The results showed that the active metabolites were present in n-hexane, CH2Cl2, n- BuOH, and water fractions. n-hexane, CH2Cl2, and n-BuOH fractions were the most effective fractions. Among micr...

Applied Environmental Biotechnology, 2021

Phenol is one of the main pollutants that have a serious impact on the environment and can even b... more Phenol is one of the main pollutants that have a serious impact on the environment and can even be very critical to human health. The biodegradation of phenol can be considered an increasingly important pollution control process. In this study, the degradation of phenol by Bacillus simplex was investigated for the first time under different growth conditions. Six different initial concentrations of phenol were used as the primary substrate. Culture conditions had an important effect on these cells' ability to biodegrade phenol. The best growth of this organism and its highest biodegradation level of phenol were noticed at pH 7, temperature 28 °C, and periods of 36 and 96 h, respectively. The GC-MS analysis of the bacterial culture sample revealed that further degradation of the catechol by 1,2-dioxygenase produce a cis, cis-mucconic acid via ortho-pathway and/or by 2,3-dioxygenase into 2-hydroxymucconic semialdehyde via meta-pathway. The highest biodegradation rate was perceived...

The main object of this investigation was to shed light on the information on the level of Cu upt... more The main object of this investigation was to shed light on the information on the level of Cu uptake by Pseudomonas aeruginosa that has been previously isolated from patients using Gram-negative E. aerogenes ans a Gram-positive Bacillus thuringiensis as a control for Cu uptake measurements. Cu uptake data showed that maximum Cu uptake was obtained by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The metal uptake was dependent on the type of biosorbent with different accumulation affinities toward the tested chemical form of the copper. Cells harvested at exponential growth phase showed slightly higher Cu uptake than at stationary phase, which reflect that the Cu uptake is metabolism dependent-process. The increasing order of affinity of the cupric chloride and cupric sulphate towards the three genera were almost constant. However, where cupric nitrate was used, the copper uptake behavior in Pseudomonas aeroginosa was not changed from those results with the other two chemical forms, whereas with E. a...

Marine natural products have attracted the attention of scientists to isolate novel biologically ... more Marine natural products have attracted the attention of scientists to isolate novel biologically active metabolites. Several promising metabolites were discovered from marine sponges with different biological activities including antimicrobial and anticancer. By far, more than 36% of the metabolites discovered from marine organisms were isolated from sponges. In this study, the alkaloids isolated from marine sponges with antimicrobial activity were described.

The antibacterial effect of Moringa peregrina (leaves, roots and seeds) ethanolic extracts were i... more The antibacterial effect of Moringa peregrina (leaves, roots and seeds) ethanolic extracts were investigated. The effect of plant extracts were tested against three bacterial species: Escherichia coli (E. coli ATCC25922), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ATCC 43300)Image and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae ATCC 13883). M. peregrina ethanolic extracts showed significant antibacterial effect on the three tested bacterial strains using the disc diffusion method. The inhibition zones caused by leaf ethanolic extracts were 14 to 30, 8 to 19 and 9 to 22 mm in diameter against E. coli, K. pneumonia, and S. aureus, respectively. Root ethanolic extracts showed inhibition zones as 18 to 42, 44 to 59 and 34 to 45 mm in diameter against E. coli, K. Image pneumonia, and S. aureus, Image respectively. Seed extract Imagecaused inhibitory zones of 16 to 38, 6 to 32 and 6 to 18 mm in diameter against E. coli,Image Image K. pneumonia and S. aureus, respectively. The Image results showed that the...

This study was carried out to isolate the active antibacterial compounds from marine sponge Neope... more This study was carried out to isolate the active antibacterial compounds from marine sponge Neopetrosiaexigua. Using disc diffusion methodm methanol extract of N. exigua showed significant antibacterial activity (The inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus was 19.5 mm). sequesntially, liquid-liquid extraction was performed using solvenants with different polarity (n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, dicholoromathane, n-butanol and water in order to isolate the active antibacterial compounds. Bassed on the biological guided fractionation results, dichloromathane and n-butanol fractions showed the hisgest antimicrobial activity. Purification of dichloromathane fraction was done by using SephadexLH-20, normal phase column chromatographyand reverse phase column chromatography to yeild three compounds (1-3). All compounds were tested for their antibacterial activity against Staphyloccus aureus. The results showed that 3 exhibited significant antibacterial activity. Research is still in...

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2021

The Jordanian endemic medicinal plant, Cupressus sempervirens was obtained from Dhana Natural Res... more The Jordanian endemic medicinal plant, Cupressus sempervirens was obtained from Dhana Natural Reserve, Al-Tafilah, Jordan to investigate its antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The procuring of essential oil was made by processing of dry leaves of C. sempervirens using steam-distillation method giving 0.26% (w/w) yield. The analysis of obtained EO for its chemical constituents, was achieved by GC-MS. The equivalent of 94.02% of the entire EO has been extracted and consists of twenty-two compounds. The characterization of EO was made by their presence of three groups of chemical compounds namely Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (71.0%), Oxygenated sesquiterpenes (11.5%) and Monoterpenes hydrocarbons (10.6%). The major constituent was germacrene-D (14.2%) along with the d-cadinene (11.0%), ß-pinene (10.0%) and isocedrol (9.8%). This conferring a chemotaxonomic value as well as a higher degree of polymorphism in the occurrence of these compounds in C. sempervirens as compared with the ...

Journal of Ecological Engineering, 2021

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2021

Frontiers in Pharmacology

Gentamicin (GEN) is a bactericidal aminoglycoside known to cause nephrotoxicity. Formononetin (FN... more Gentamicin (GEN) is a bactericidal aminoglycoside known to cause nephrotoxicity. Formononetin (FN) is a potent flavonoid that exhibits numerous promising pharmacological activities. In this study, we have assessed the nephroprotective efficacy of FN against GEN-induced renal injury in rats. Rats were orally administered with FN (60 mg/kg/day, for 2 weeks) and were co-treated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of GEN (100 mg/kg/day) during the days 8–14. GEN-treated rats demonstrated increased urea and creatinine levels in serum associated with marked histopathological changes in the kidney. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl contents were elevated, whereas glutathione concentration and catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were lowered in GEN-administered rats. The FN largely prevented tissue damage, attenuated renal function, reduced MDA and protein carbonyl, and enhanced antioxidant capacity in the kidney of GEN-administrated animals. The kidney of GEN-treated ra...

Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine, Jun 17, 2015

This study was carried out to isolate the active antimicrobial compounds from Neopetrosia exigua ... more This study was carried out to isolate the active antimicrobial compounds from Neopetrosia exigua using bio-guided assay isolation against Staphylococcus aureus. N. exigua was extracted using methanol and subjected to liquid-liquid extraction using solvents with different polarity (n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, n-butanol and water). Purification of the active components of n-butanol and dichloromethane fractions was done using Sephadex LH-20 and reverse phase chromatography. Based on the biological guided fractionation results, dichloromethane and n-butanol fractions showed the highest antimicrobial activity. Purification of the active components of n-butanol and dichloromethane fractions yielded three compounds. The structure of the isolated compounds were elucidated and found to be 5-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester, cyclo-1`-demethylcystalgerone and avarol derivative. Avarol was showed potent bactericidal effect against S. aureus. N. exigua appea...

Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine, 2019

It is worth mentioning that the high output of different physiological responses under the expres... more It is worth mentioning that the high output of different physiological responses under the expression of vgb, may have a considerable effect on the enzyme productivity, dairy industry, heavy metal uptake, biodegradation of different organic pollutants and other applications. The expression of bacterial haemoglobin is useful in lessening the load of perceived toxic conditions such as high oxygen levels. This in turn probably has the same impact on some peripheral toxic materials. This, hemoglobin biotechnology can be extended to enhance production of pollutants degrading enzymes or production of some valuable manufacturing materials on the case-by-case bases. It is likely that the mechanism of bacterial hemoglobin (VHb) effects is intermediated via an oxygen trapping action. This may drive the enrichment of ATP production, which is mostly required for higher productivity of needed substances for that activity.

The essential oils from the dried leaves of Thymus capitatus was isolated by steam distillation. ... more The essential oils from the dried leaves of Thymus capitatus was isolated by steam distillation. The collected oil were analyzed by GC-MS and also evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity. Twenty-two compounds, constituting about 95.4% of the total oil, were identified. The main constituents were thymol (39.2%), p-cymene (19.4%), carvacrol (11.8%) and g-terpinene (7.4%). The antibacterial activity of the oil was estimated using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods against four bacteria. The essential oils wer found to show a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria strains. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most sensitive bacteria. The essential oil were equally active against Gram-negative and ram-positive bacteria

Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine, 2019

Bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) was isolated from the Petra Wastewater Treatment P... more Bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) was isolated from the Petra Wastewater Treatment Plant effluent in southern Jordan. It was identified by using morphological and biochemical characteristics. A. hydrophila was found to be able of using chlorobenzoate compounds as carbon and energy source. These capabilities were with different biodegradation rates (4- chlorobenzoic acid 5µM/hr, 3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid 15.5µM/hr, 2- chlorobenzoic acid 41µM/hr and 3- chlorobenzoic acid 65µM/hr). The degradation ability was monitored through the release of chloride, disappearance of the substrate and finally the growth of bacterial cells on these substrates. A. hydrophila dioxygenases physiologically induced by chlorobenzoic acid compounds, were analyzed for both ortho or meta ring-cleavage of these aromatic compounds. Only 1, 2-dioxygenase activity was detected which suggest that the cleavage is through the ortho pathway. The best results of degradation of 2-CBA compound were obtained wi...

The problem of antimicrobial drug resistance has necessitated a search for new antimicrobial subs... more The problem of antimicrobial drug resistance has necessitated a search for new antimicrobial substances from other sources including natural sources. Marine organisms are known to produce metabolites to protect themselves against pathogens and therefore can be considered as a potential source of antimicrobial substances. This study designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of three hard coral species namely Favites sp Link (Faviidae), Galaxea fascicularis Linnaeus (Oculinidae), and Galaxea astreata Lamarck (Oculinidae) against six pathogenic microbes. The coral species were extracted with water and a combination of dichloromethane and methanol. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated using disc diffusion method and microdilution method. From the disc diffusion method, the organic extracts showed antimicrobial activity while the aqueous extracts showed no activity. The organic extract from G. fascicularis was the most effective against Staphylococcus aureus (11...

his study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Thymus capitatus and two of its ... more his study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Thymus capitatus and two of its major components namely thymol and carvacrol. The dried leaves were extracted using soxhlet apparatus. Thymol and carvacrol were isolated using normal phase column chromatography. The antibacterial activity of the leaves extract, thymol and carvacrol were estimated using agar disc diffusion and broth dilution methods against four bacterial strains. The leaves extract was found to show a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against all the tested bacterial strains. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most sensitive bacteria. The purified compounds exhibited relatively stronger antibacterial activity than the extract. Thymol fraction exhibited stronger antibacterial activity than carvacrol. Thymol fraction exhibited MIC values ranging from 0.005 – 0.008 mg/mL while carvacrol fraction exhibited MIC values ranging from 0.007 – 0.008 mg/mL.

Tropical biomedicine, 2019

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) consider as the most common infections worldwide, with higher ris... more Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) consider as the most common infections worldwide, with higher risk in patients experienced Acute Appendicitis (AA). The purpose of this study was, to investigate the bacterial profile of UTIs in patients with non-ruptured AA postsurgically, and to assess age- and gender-related links of all AA cases in Karak region, Jordan. Urine samples obtained from 46 cases (32 male and 14 female) aged between 16-70 years were diagnosed as non-ruptured AA, following with isolation and characterization of isolated bacteria. Out of 46 AA cases, uropathogens isolated from 25 (54.3%) UTI cases. Out of these isolates; 42 (73.7%) were gram-negative isolates and 15 (26.3%) were gram-positive bacteria. The percentage of isolates were E. coli (26.3%), Enterobacter species (21%), Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella pneumoniea (10.5%) for each, Streptococcus saprophytics and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7%) for each, Yersinia spp. and S. milleri (8.8%). Out of UTI cases, 20 cases...

Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine, 2019

Antibactrial activity of Asteriscus graveolens methanolic extract and its synergy effect with fun... more Antibactrial activity of Asteriscus graveolens methanolic extract and its synergy effect with fungal mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against some enteric bacterial human pathogen was conducted. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by the fungal strain namely Tritirachium oryzae W5H as reported early. In this study, MICs of AgNPs against E. aerogenes, Salmonella sp., E. coli and C. albicans in order were 2.13, 19.15, 0.08 and 6.38 µg/mL, respectively, while the MICs of A. graveolens ethanolic extract against the same bacteria were 4, 366, <3300 and 40 µg/mL, respectively. The MIC values at concentration less than 19.15 and 40 µg/ml indicating the potent bacteriostatic effect of AgNPs and A. graveolens ethanolic extract. Increasing in IFA was reported when Nitrofurantion and Trimethoprim were combined with Etoh extract with maximum increase in IFA by 6 and 12 folds for, respectively. Also, 10 folds increasing in IFA was reported when trimethoprim was combined with AgNPs: Eto...

arXiv: Biomolecules, 2015

Neopetrosia exigua has received great attention in natural product chemistry. The diversity of N.... more Neopetrosia exigua has received great attention in natural product chemistry. The diversity of N. exigua constituents has been demonstrated by the continued discovery of novel bioactive metabolites such as antimicrobial metabolites. In this study, in order to localise the active component of N. exigua biomass according to the polarity, a sequential gradient partition with different solvents (n- hexane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, n-butanol, and water) was performed to obtain fractions containing metabolites distributed according to their polarity. The antimicrobial activities of N. exigua fractions were then evaluated using disc diffusion and microdilution methods (influence on the growth curve, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC)). The results showed that the active metabolites were present in n-hexane, CH2Cl2, n- BuOH, and water fractions. n-hexane, CH2Cl2, and n-BuOH fractions were the most effective fractions. Among micr...

Applied Environmental Biotechnology, 2021

Phenol is one of the main pollutants that have a serious impact on the environment and can even b... more Phenol is one of the main pollutants that have a serious impact on the environment and can even be very critical to human health. The biodegradation of phenol can be considered an increasingly important pollution control process. In this study, the degradation of phenol by Bacillus simplex was investigated for the first time under different growth conditions. Six different initial concentrations of phenol were used as the primary substrate. Culture conditions had an important effect on these cells' ability to biodegrade phenol. The best growth of this organism and its highest biodegradation level of phenol were noticed at pH 7, temperature 28 °C, and periods of 36 and 96 h, respectively. The GC-MS analysis of the bacterial culture sample revealed that further degradation of the catechol by 1,2-dioxygenase produce a cis, cis-mucconic acid via ortho-pathway and/or by 2,3-dioxygenase into 2-hydroxymucconic semialdehyde via meta-pathway. The highest biodegradation rate was perceived...

The main object of this investigation was to shed light on the information on the level of Cu upt... more The main object of this investigation was to shed light on the information on the level of Cu uptake by Pseudomonas aeruginosa that has been previously isolated from patients using Gram-negative E. aerogenes ans a Gram-positive Bacillus thuringiensis as a control for Cu uptake measurements. Cu uptake data showed that maximum Cu uptake was obtained by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The metal uptake was dependent on the type of biosorbent with different accumulation affinities toward the tested chemical form of the copper. Cells harvested at exponential growth phase showed slightly higher Cu uptake than at stationary phase, which reflect that the Cu uptake is metabolism dependent-process. The increasing order of affinity of the cupric chloride and cupric sulphate towards the three genera were almost constant. However, where cupric nitrate was used, the copper uptake behavior in Pseudomonas aeroginosa was not changed from those results with the other two chemical forms, whereas with E. a...

Marine natural products have attracted the attention of scientists to isolate novel biologically ... more Marine natural products have attracted the attention of scientists to isolate novel biologically active metabolites. Several promising metabolites were discovered from marine sponges with different biological activities including antimicrobial and anticancer. By far, more than 36% of the metabolites discovered from marine organisms were isolated from sponges. In this study, the alkaloids isolated from marine sponges with antimicrobial activity were described.

The antibacterial effect of Moringa peregrina (leaves, roots and seeds) ethanolic extracts were i... more The antibacterial effect of Moringa peregrina (leaves, roots and seeds) ethanolic extracts were investigated. The effect of plant extracts were tested against three bacterial species: Escherichia coli (E. coli ATCC25922), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ATCC 43300)Image and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae ATCC 13883). M. peregrina ethanolic extracts showed significant antibacterial effect on the three tested bacterial strains using the disc diffusion method. The inhibition zones caused by leaf ethanolic extracts were 14 to 30, 8 to 19 and 9 to 22 mm in diameter against E. coli, K. pneumonia, and S. aureus, respectively. Root ethanolic extracts showed inhibition zones as 18 to 42, 44 to 59 and 34 to 45 mm in diameter against E. coli, K. Image pneumonia, and S. aureus, Image respectively. Seed extract Imagecaused inhibitory zones of 16 to 38, 6 to 32 and 6 to 18 mm in diameter against E. coli,Image Image K. pneumonia and S. aureus, respectively. The Image results showed that the...

This study was carried out to isolate the active antibacterial compounds from marine sponge Neope... more This study was carried out to isolate the active antibacterial compounds from marine sponge Neopetrosiaexigua. Using disc diffusion methodm methanol extract of N. exigua showed significant antibacterial activity (The inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus was 19.5 mm). sequesntially, liquid-liquid extraction was performed using solvenants with different polarity (n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, dicholoromathane, n-butanol and water in order to isolate the active antibacterial compounds. Bassed on the biological guided fractionation results, dichloromathane and n-butanol fractions showed the hisgest antimicrobial activity. Purification of dichloromathane fraction was done by using SephadexLH-20, normal phase column chromatographyand reverse phase column chromatography to yeild three compounds (1-3). All compounds were tested for their antibacterial activity against Staphyloccus aureus. The results showed that 3 exhibited significant antibacterial activity. Research is still in...

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2021

The Jordanian endemic medicinal plant, Cupressus sempervirens was obtained from Dhana Natural Res... more The Jordanian endemic medicinal plant, Cupressus sempervirens was obtained from Dhana Natural Reserve, Al-Tafilah, Jordan to investigate its antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The procuring of essential oil was made by processing of dry leaves of C. sempervirens using steam-distillation method giving 0.26% (w/w) yield. The analysis of obtained EO for its chemical constituents, was achieved by GC-MS. The equivalent of 94.02% of the entire EO has been extracted and consists of twenty-two compounds. The characterization of EO was made by their presence of three groups of chemical compounds namely Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (71.0%), Oxygenated sesquiterpenes (11.5%) and Monoterpenes hydrocarbons (10.6%). The major constituent was germacrene-D (14.2%) along with the d-cadinene (11.0%), ß-pinene (10.0%) and isocedrol (9.8%). This conferring a chemotaxonomic value as well as a higher degree of polymorphism in the occurrence of these compounds in C. sempervirens as compared with the ...

Journal of Ecological Engineering, 2021

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2021