Equivalence Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

- by
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- Mathematics Education, Mathematics Education at Primary Schools, Equivalence, Early Algebra
- by Fritz Schwarz
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- Computing, Algorithm, Differential Equations, Mathematical Sciences

Design strategies for foldable mechanisms have been developed with inspiration from origami. In this study, we investigate a new direction that blocks are folded in a way that origami folds as the ori-blocks to generate a new type of foldable mechanisms consisting of multiple blocks. During the investigation, we propose a design approach to construct ori-blocks dissected from cylinders and cones, where “ori” is derived from the word “origami” in its original meaning as “folding”. In this way, we cut the solids into six portions and assign rotation axes to assemble the portions into movable blocks. Interestingly, this connects the Bricard classical linkages developed in 1897 to these ori-blocks with coincidence of the position and orientation of the axes when the blocks are replaced by links. The study bridges the gap between ori-blocks, origami, and mechanisms, which proposes a set of novel reconfigurable mechanisms as ori-blocks. As spatial linkages have been widely used in a broad range of technical fields, we anticipate that ori-blocks will find several potential applications owing to their kinematics in reconfigurability.

- by Guanglu Jia
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- Mechanism Design, Origami, Kinematics, Equivalence
- by Jordan Green
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- Cognitive Science, Neurology, Motor Development, Speech Production
- by William Cumberland
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- Statistics, Methodology, Monte Carlo Simulation, Statistical Analysis

Computational and memory costs restrict spectral tech-niques to rather small graphs, which is a serious limitation especially in video segmentation. In this paper, we propose the use of a reduced graph based on superpixels. In con-trast to previous work, the reduced graph is reweighted such that the resulting segmentation is equivalent, under certain assumptions, to that of the full graph. We consider equiva-lence in terms of the normalized cut and of its spectral clus-tering relaxation. The proposed method reduces runtime and memory consumption and yields on par results in im-age and video segmentation. Further, it enables an efficient data representation and update for a new streaming video segmentation approach that also achieves state-of-the-art performance. 1.

- by Margret Keuper
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- Mathematics, Computer Science, Graph Theory, Memory Management
- by Hubert Meisinger
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- Sociology, Philosophy, Altruism, Evolutionary Epistemology
- by Christina Schaeffner
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- Cognitive Science, Philosophy, Translation Studies, Pragmatics

Abstract. We study Rickard equivalences between p-blocks of twisted group algebras and their local structure, in connection with Dade's conjectures. We prove that an extended form of Broué's conjecture implies Dade's... more

- by Andrei Marcus
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- Algebra, Group Theory, Pure Mathematics, Equivalence
- by Bill Doub
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- Pharmacokinetics, Aerosols, Canada, In Vitro
- by Matthew Wallenstein
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- Soil Science, Adaptation, Decomposition, Carbon Cycle

The rational number knowledge of student teachers, in particular the equivalence of fractions, decimals, and percentages, and their comparison and ordering, is the focus of this article. An instrument comprising multiple choice, short answer and constructed response formats was designed to test conceptual and procedural understanding. Application of the Rasch model enables verification of whether the test content was consistent with the construct under investigation. The validation process was enabled by making explicit the expected responses according to the model versus actual responses by the students. The article shows where the Rasch model highlighted items that were consistent with the model and those that were not. Insights into both the construct and the instrument were gained. The test items showed good fit to the model; however, response dependency and high residual correlation within sets of items was detected. Strategies for resolving these issues are discussed in this article. We sought to answer the research question: to what extent does this test instrument provide valid information that can be used to inform teaching and learning of fractions? We were able to conclude that a refined instrument applied to first-year students at university provides useful information that can inform the teaching and learning of rational number concepts, a concept that runs through mathematics curricula from primary to university. Previously, most research on rational number concept has been conducted on young learners at school.

- by Jeremiah (Jerry) Maseko and +1
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- Teacher Education, Rasch Analysis, Equivalence, Percentages
- by Hukam Mongia
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- Combustion, Equivalence, Scrubbers
- by Eleanor Holroyd
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- Nursing, Psychometrics, Methodology, Nonparametric Statistics
- by Asma Ata
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- Equivalence, Mathématique, Logique, Analytique
- by Asma Ata
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- Correction, Equivalence, Mathématique, Logique
- by Peter Griffiths
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- Cultural Studies, Psychometrics, Japanese, Evaluation
- by Thùy Linh Lê Thị
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- Mathematics, Translation Studies, Culture, Action
- by Atiqur Rahman
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- History, International Economics, Folklore, Pragmatism

This article examines the question of whether (or to what extent) equivalence between idiomatic expressions in different languages is possible. As equivalence is understood here in a broad sense to include all linguistic levels and all types of knowledge about a phraseological unit, it turns out to be very difficult to maintain the claim of interlingual equivalence with regard to idioms. Based on the theoretical framework of Construction Grammar and focusing on linguistic data provided by corpora, I will discuss some types of pseudo-equivalence between Italian and German idioms, also taking into account other languages. The objective of this article is to raise awareness among foreign languages teachers and learners as well as among linguists about the main types of idiosyncrasy that characterize phraseological units.

- by Elmar Schafroth
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- Spanish, German Language, English, Corpus Linguistics
- by hoda davtalab
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- Practice theory, Translation, Literary translation, Equivalence

Over the centuries translators have faced, and continue to face, linguistic and cultural challenges between different languages and cultures. Such challenges have put forth many translation theories and strategies to minimize these linguistic/cultural differences. The most debated translation strategies are Domestication and Foreignization. Recent studies have argued that in order to achieve equivalence and a successful translation, both strategies should work together. These studies have concluded that Domestication and Foriegnization complement each other. However, no study so far has discussed how both strategies can complement each other in a translated text especially from a linguistic perspective. This research examines the use of these two strategies in four English translations of one of the world`s most famous cultural collections, The Arabian Nights. The study specifically investigates the use of Domestication and Foreignization in the tale of Sinbad and how the translators achieve cultural equivalence through these two methods and to what extent. The study concludes that translating a cultural text successfully is achieved when both strategies are used in parallel. Cultural equivalence is better accomplished when a translator domesticates the form and foreignizes the content in order to have a balanced outcome.

- by Arab World English Journal (AWEJ)
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- Domestication, Equivalence, Foreignization, The Arabian Nights

Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Vol.6. No.4 December 2015 Pp.... more

- by Arab World English Journal (AWEJ)
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- Hemingway, Arabic translation, Equivalence, Collocations

Given the increasing number of online courses and the established association between student perceptions of learning environments and academic outcomes, this study investigated student perceptions of the equivalence of online classes and face-to-face classes. In contrast to previous studies on student perceptions of equivalence, which primarily used specific online classes as points of reference, this study focused on students’ perceptions of online courses in general. Overall, students did not perceive online and face-to-face classes to be equivalent, but previous exposure to online classes was positively associated with perceptions of general equivalence, comparative flexibility, comparative knowledge gained, and comparative level of interaction in online versus face-to-face classes. The final part of the paper applies these findings to the educational setting by discussing their implications for programs seeking to expand online course offerings.

- by Carrie Anne Platt
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- Distance Learning, Equivalence, Online Classes, Student Perceptions
- by Sorin Telpiz
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- Phraseology, Translation, Equivalence
- by Mª Isabel González-Rey
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- Phraseology, Literary translation, Equivalence, Idiomaticity

This research intended to validate two brief scales of sensations seeking with Peruvian adolescents: the eight item scale (BSSS8; Hoyle, Stephenson, Palmgreen, Lorch, y Donohew, 2002) and the four item scale (BSSS4; Stephenson, Hoyle,... more

- by Edwin Salas Blas
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- Validation, Sensation Seeking, Reliability, Adolescents
- by Maurizio Artoni
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- Mathematics, Quantum Theory, Deformation, Equivalence

Apres un rappel des principes fondamentaux sur lesquels repose l'approche culturelle de la terminologie, cet article presente une methodologie detaillee et pragmatique de la terminologie culturelle dans le contexte du developpement... more

- by Marcel Diki-Kidiri
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- Art, Sociolinguistics, Culture, Variation
- by Hasan ghazala
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- Applied Linguistics, Linguistics, Translation, Language Studies
- by Linh Lê thị
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- Translation Studies, Culture, Action, Equivalence

Teaching a foreign language is a challenge. In such a case, teaching translation is more than a challenge, primarily if students are taught the bilateral interpretation (Russian and English language combinations), and each of the mentioned above languages is a foreign one for them (our students are from China, Turkey, Japan, Algeria, Egypt, South Korea, and other countries). What are the invariant unbiased difficulties for foreigners determined by the grammatical system of the language combination? Should teachers consider phonetics and peculiar phonetic properties, or is it just enough to familiarize students with them? What are the optimal teaching methods and exercises? What is more important in translation, equivalence, or accuracy? Are the methods of consecutive interpretation's teaching applicable in bilateral interpretation teaching? To answer these problematic questions, we dedicated our article to the specific features of teaching international students. The study is based on our practical experience of teaching international students. We also present our most productive teaching methods, exercises, and the use of available digital technologies of the 21st century.

- by Arab World English Journal (AWEJ)
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- Teaching Methods, Equivalence, Accuracy, EXERCISES

To show how important the equivalence of ST and TT in business law text is the main goal of this research. Besides that, the benefit of this research is to motivate a translator to become more critical and accurate in producing more quality translations. The results of research can be utilized as a benchmark to conduct further research in a similar study. The library research and field method are commonly administered in translation research. And the technique of analyzing data exerts comparative and causal model between the Source Text (ST) and the Target Text (TT). It is determined that the approach is pursuant to ST and TT both Nord Extra-textual and Intra-textual factors. In addition, the research scope is limited to addition and omission, the strategy of translating in word, phrase or term, clause, and sentence. The conformity of ST and TT to Grice's maxim is also analyzed as the effect of employing strategy of translating, the addition and omission. These research findings, firstly verifies that extra-textual and intra-textual factors are mostly integrated in achieving equivalence of ST and TT. Secondly, it is also discovered that translation error of deviation, addition, and omission of meaning as the impact of translating strategy application, addition and omission. Thirdly, it is acquired that writing business law text in English is more conventional compared to Indonesian. In conclusion, the translation of business law text complies with faithful and conventional main criteria. Moreover, not only the mastery of other knowledge related but also good collaboration are required between concerned parties and determined the success of translation practice. Therefore, it is wished for these results and implications could be referred to proceed with comprehensive research in other legal texts. Hereafter, it is also advised that proofreading is performed more than twice to minimalize misinterpretation.

- by Paradigma FIB
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- Translating, Equivalence, Misinterpretation
- by Maria-Eduarda Keating
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- Cultural Studies, Stylistics, Theory, Applied Linguistics

Das Problem, das bereits seit langer Zeit all jene beschäftigt, die über das Übersetzen nachdenken, ist die Frage nach der Beziehung zwischen dem Ausgangstext und dem Zieltext, wofür meist der Begriff der Äquivalenz verwendet wird. Im Folgenden soll dieser Begriff für das Übersetzen von Rechtstexten in Frage gestellt und durch den Begriff des Kontextes ersetzt werden. Zwei Thesen sollen dafür zu Beginn der Ausführungen aufgestellt werden: 1. Es gibt keine Äquivalenz bei Rechtstexten in unterschiedlichen Sprachen 2. Kontext ist das bessere begriffliche Instrument für die Translation im Recht Diese Thesen werden im Folgenden anhand einer Beschreibung ihrer Funktion im Rahmen des Übersetzens von Rechtstexten auf ihre Nützlichkeit überprüft.

- by Peter Sandrini
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- Translation theory, Legal Translation, Equivalence
- by Ivan Damjanov
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- Chemical Engineering, Analytical Chemistry, Evaluation, Bias

En el presente escrito, exponemos los avances del trabajo que estamos realizando, el cual trata acerca de la equivalencia de expresiones algebraicas, en la situación concreta de resolución de secuencias numéricas, que pueden ser estudiadas a través de la visualización. Presentamos y analizamos los resultados de una actividad propuesta a 30 estudiantes de tercer grado de secundaria, que nos permite suponer la posibilidad de dotar de significado a la equivalencia de expresiones algebraicas a partir del análisis visual y nos permite plantearnos la pregunta ¿cómo el análisis visual influye en la construcción de significado de la equivalencia de distintas expresiones algebraicas que surgen durante la resolución de secuencias numéricas visuales? Como resultado preliminar podemos mencionar que a partir de éste tipo de análisis los estudiantes son capaces de construir distintas expresiones algebraicas para una secuencia numérica; pero la equivalencia de dichas expresiones algebraicas no se discute.
Trabajo presentado en el III Coloquio de Doctorado del DME Cinvestav (2015).

- by Sergio Chalé
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- Visualization, Algebraic Thinking, Equivalence

Philip Larkin's poem "Love Song in Age" is analyzed against its Polish translation by Stanisław Barańczak using conceptual metaphor theory. The use of conventional and novel metaphors is compared. Some iconic effects along with their influence on the metaphorical mappings in the original poem and the translation are also compared and contrasted. The differences in the conceptual metaphorical structure of the construals potentially evoked by the original poem and its translation are discussed as possible sources of diminished equivalence between the texts.

- by Krystian P Aparta
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- Translation Studies, Poetry, Conceptual Metaphor, Terminology
- by Jean-Claude Gémar
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- Culture, Applied Linguistics, Translation, Common Law
- by Eugenio Moggi
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- Mathematical Logic, Lambda Calculus, Programming, Equivalence

In linguistics, onomatopoeic words, which constitute one of the
main areas of sound symbolism, differ from other words in the
language in terms of their phonological, morphological and semantic
features. The selection and sequence of phonemes in onomatopoeic
words often evoke non-linguistic references in terms of the harmony
between sound and meaning. Therefore, each of these phonemes has
semantic features that can give an idea about the characteristic
features of the non-linguistic reference. Making definitions by paying
attention to these features in lexicographic treatment of onomatopoeic
words provides reliability in terms of giving the correct meaning and
usage of such words in dictionaries.
There is a certain number of onomatopoeic words in the
vocabulary of every language. However, research shows that such
words do not have the same phonemes in every language and that
there are some differences between them in terms of structure and
semantics. This situation regarding onomatopoeic words causes some
difficulties especially in finding the correct equivalence in translation
between languages. These difficulties are also present for both
dictionary editors and users in bilingual dictionaries prepared in the
form of giving lexical equivalence from one language to another.
Dictionary makers experience these difficulties during the definition
or matching (finding equivalence) of onomatopoeic words in two
different languages, while dictionary users are exposed to this
situation when searching what an onomatopoeic word in their native
language corresponds to in another language or what a onomatopoeic
word in another language means in their native language.
In this study, by emphasizing the characteristics of onomatopoeic
words, their lexicographic appearances in bilingual dictionaries and
the difficulties encountered during their translation from one language
to another will be discussed based on the data in the Redhouse
Turkish-English/English-Turkish Dictionary.

- by Didem Akyıldız Ay
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- Lexicography, Onomatopoeia, Bilingualism, Equivalence

THE TRANSLATION ISSUES OF TELEVISION ADVERTS
The purpose of this study is clarify the translation issues, linguistic and non-linguistic factors effecting translation encountered in the target language translation of the foreign production advertising films broadcasted on televisions. In this context, the main purpose to be considered in translation of television adverts and the translation methods from which translator benefits were focused on. In this study, primarily advertising language and text, advertising text in terms of text genre within the scope of science of translation, translation methods and equivalence were discussed; the problems encountered in the translation of television adverts were evaluated in terms of translation terms by taking examples from foreign television adverts and some suggestions were provided at the end.