Facial Trauma Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Pediatria, Facial Trauma, Cirugia Maxilofacial

Introduction-Road traffic accident (RTA) is an important area of concern in reference with Otorhinolaryngology as vital sensory end organs are located here.
Materials and method-This prospective study was done at government medical college, Kannauj over period of six months. Hundred patients were included in the study with head and neck injuries.
Results-Out of the total hundred patients, the percentage of minor injury was 22%, soft tissue injury was 46%, and fracture was 32%. Various signs and symptoms like bleeding from nose (26%),ears (10% ), mouth (16% ) ,head (15% ), Inability to chew ( 20%) and inability to close mouth (10%), decreased hearing (12% ) and inability to smell(10% ) were encountered.
Conclusion-The morbidity, mortality, disability and economic loss occurring because of the road mishap are irreparable. Otorhinolaryngologists play a vital role in the management of the road traffic accidents if timely intervention is given.
Key words-RTA, facial fractures, ENT bleed.

- by Ibrahim K. AlJabr
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- Trauma Studies, Trauma, Accidents, Ear Nose and Throat

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of minimal volume of articaine buccal infiltration in extraction of maxillary and mandibular first
and second molars.
Materials and Method: The study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at ITS Centre for Dental
Studies and Research, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, from December 2019 to February 2020. A total of 60
patients were included in the study and were divided into two groups as follows: Group 1 patients who were administered
articaine infiltration for the extraction of maxillary first and second molars and Group 2 patients who were administered the
same local anesthetic for the extraction of mandibular first and second molars.
Result: Anesthesia of the posterior maxillary teeth was obtained using 0.5 ml of articaine buccal infiltration alone while the
posterior mandibular teeth required a supplemental lingual infiltration in all the cases.
Conclusion: 4% articaine buccal infiltration, as low as 0.5 ml provides successful anesthesia for the extraction of maxillary
molars. Palatal injection is generally not required. Buccal infiltration of the lower molars using 0.5 ml of 4% articaine could be
a good option for extraction of the mandibular posterior teeth, of course, with supplemental lingual anesthesia.

- by Dr Bibhu Prasad Mishra
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- Facial Trauma

Background: Facial soft tissue trauma is a common emergency condition encountered in our Accident and Emergency Department. Aim: several protocols have been adopted in the management of facial injuries; this paper reveals our adopted protocol that works for us as well as the associated epidemiology of facial soft tissue injuries. Methodology: All patients recruited into the casualty department except patients with burn cases were used for this study. Patients were demographically evaluated and their wounds categorized according to their complexity, sites and associated injuries. Management of injuries was in accordance to the American Trauma Life Support (ATLS). The wounds were debrided and treated according to the structures involved. They were managed and discharged with an average of 9months follow-up period. Some minor complications such as wound infection and scarring were noted. Results: 2016 soft tissue injuries in 1653 were seen in patients from between January and December, 2014, 104(9%) were associated with facial injuries. The sites of the face involved were the frontal area 41(39%), the cheek 24(22.9%), the nose 18(17.1%), the chin 11(10.5%), the eyelids 6(5.7%) and the lips 5(4.7%). The injuries were contusions, lacerations, abrasions and avulsions. About 28 cases, representing 26.9%, had fractures of the mandible, maxilla and the frontal bones as well as fracture-dislocation of the temporo-mandibular joints. 22% had various forms of head injuries. Aetiologically, road traffic accidents constituted 44(45%), falls 42(43.7%), sports 6(6.2%), human bites 6(6.2%) and gunshot injuries 2(2.2%). Fifteen deaths were recorded which were due to massive haemorrhage, airway obstruction and severe head injury. Conclusion: The adoption and application of our management protocol in the management of facial soft tissue injuries has greatly improved the outcome of treatment of facial soft tissue injuries in our facility.

- by WJRR Journal
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- Medical Sciences, Medical Education, Facial Soft-Tissues, Facial Trauma

Background: Currently in the UK, it is accepted that imaging is no longer routinely undertaken if nasal injuries are suspected clinically. The argument for this is that it does not affect management in a clinically obvious fracture. Occasionally, nasal and septal fractures may be an incidental finding following CT head or facial bones and this can opportunistically help plan treatment. Whilst this rationale for a relatively straight forward clinical problem is generally agreed within the UK, anecdotally it appeared that this is not always the case overseas. We therefore set out to see if there was indeed a significant diversity of opinion in the assessment of what is essentially a 'simple' injury. Methodology: A questionnaire was sent to surgeons across the globe. Questions included the role of imaging in the assessment of acute nasal fractures, experience of ORIF and imaging of secondary nasal deformity in their day-today clinical practice. Results: 343 responses were received from 95 countries from a range of specialties: A&E, plastic surgery, ENT, OMFS and general surgery. Interestingly, in many countries plain films are still undertaken in the assessment of simple acute nasal trauma. CT imaging is occasionally performed for secondary corrective procedures. Conclusion: Internationally, the practice and need for imaging in the assessment of nasal injuries vary greatly. Even in 2018, there still does not appear to be universally agreed diagnostic pathways for what most clinicians would consider to be a common and simple injury. Historic practice and personal opinion seem to still trump any evidence base.

- by iris publishers
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- Facial Trauma, Fracture Nasal Bones, International Study

The most popular and most widely used mode for short-term storage of grafts was curing them in a standard fridge at a temperature of +4 °C. According to the literature, the usability of the same ranges from 10 days to 21 days. The aim was to determine the usefulness of such a maximum time preserved grafts. This study comprised 50 patients, of which, take parts of skin with the size of 3 cm  5 cm. It started from the 11th day after the 5 preparation were divided, one of which is a part applied to a suitable surface for accepting the transplant, the second part of the extended conservation 10 more days (to be transplanted) and the third placed in formalin and sent to histopatological analysis. Then, a series of five preparations were made, in which each subsequent extended period of conservation by one day longer, ending their 20th day. Usability over 50% of grafts preserved in NaCl solutions up to 20 days, and then fell. It is possible that a transplant is used with 30 days of preservation, but this is the exception, not the usual state.

Os materiais aloplásticos são utilizados em Cirurgia Maxilofacial para a reconstrução funcional e cosmética do esqueleto facial e dos tecidos moles. Representam um progresso no estudo e o conhecimento da grande diversidade de materiais que se podem utilizar na complexa e heterogênea estrutura maxilofacial. Os autores discutem o emprego dos biomateriais como substitutos dos enxertos ósseos.

- by Williams Gil Rodriguez and +1
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- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Reconstruction, Cosmetic surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery

A ocorrência de traumatismos na região craniomaxilofacial, principalmente aqueles que envolvem a região do segmento fixo da face, relacionam-se com possíveis lesões à região orbitária, podendo o paciente evoluir com alterações visuais incluindo a amaurose. MÉTODOS: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo expor um caso clínico de um paciente vítima de trauma craniofacial que evoluiu com Síndrome do Ápice Orbitário (SAO) que resultou em perda total da visão do olho esquerdo. CONCLUSÃO: O diagnóstico precoce da SAO e o seu tratamento adequado, minimizam as possibilidades de evolução para amaurose.

- by Sylvio Luiz C de Moraes and +1
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- Blindness, Trauma, Diagnosis, Radiology Diagnostic

Purpose: In recent years, several studies have reported on practitioners’ preferences for the treatment of orbital floor fractures, showing widely varying practice patterns. The purpose of the present study was to identify the practice patterns among oral and maxillofacial surgeons involved in the management of orbital floor fractures in the United States and compare them with the available published data.
Materials and Methods: An anonymous survey was created and electronically mailed to surgeons. We also reviewed the published data on orbital floor fractures using a PubMed and MEDLINE search. The responses to the survey were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: The factors that had the greatest influence on the surgeon’s decision to operate were a defect size > 2 cm2, enophthalmos, entrapment, and persistent diplopia. The most common surgical approach reported was a preseptal transconjunctival approach (32.0%), followed by the subciliary (27.9%) and post- septal transconjunctival (26.2%) approaches. The most commonly reported implant for orbital reconstruc- tion was titanium (65.4%), followed by Medpor (43.7%) and composite Medpor and titanium (26.4%). The review of the published data showed a consensus among many of the operative indications mentioned, including a large defect size, enophthalmos, clinical entrapment, and persistent diplopia.
Conclusions: Oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the United States have a wide range of practice habits in the management of orbital floor fractures. Although the quality of the available evidence is poor, it supports a consistent approach to the management of orbital floor fractures in terms of the indications and surgical approach. The choice of reconstructive material and timing of repair remain more controversial. A clear need exists for improvement in the available data to help guide and set standards of care for the specialties managing orbital floor fractures.

- by Waleed Zaid
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- Trauma, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fractures, Facial Trauma
- by Maria Jose Murias Munoz
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- Public Health, Facial Trauma

Objective: To find the best method of intubation in patients sustaining pan-facial trauma by comparing the pros and cons of each technique. Materials and methods: Three different types of intubation techniques (nasotracheal intubation, orotracheal intubation and sub-mental intubation) were considered in this study. The study population involves 9 patients who have undergone treatment for pan-facial trauma under general anesthesia (3 patients per technique) and the variables of clinical outcome of each group were recorded. Results: Nasal intubation is the most common and safest method of intubation. However, it can't be used in some types of pan-facial trauma. In cases like these, oral intubation is not preferred. As it severely compromises maxillofacial repair because of interference with the placement of intermaxillary fixation [3](IMF), which is used to establish the patient s occlusion in the intraoperative period. Submental intubation is an alternative with minimal risk to tracheostomy when orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation is not appropriate. The submental intubation technique gave an uninterrupted surgical field, unobstructed airway, ease of gaining occlusion in general anesthesia, less intraoperative and postoperative complications and it overcomes the disadvantages of both nasotracheal and orotracheal intubation. Conclusion: Preferred techniques of securing an airway are orotracheal, nasotracheal intubation. However these techniques may not always be applicable, thus a trauma surgeon-anesthetist team should always have alternative techniques in their armamentarium which secures the patient's airways without interfering with occlusion, to gain at most postoperative esthetic and functional results.

- by Journal of Dental Reports
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- Mental Health, Facial Trauma, Intubation

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar a experiência dos autores com o emprego da membrana de PRECLUDE MVP – substituto de Dura-Máter - DM (politetrafluoretileno – ePTFE – de segunda geração) para reparo da periórbita devido a fratura... more

- by Sylvio Luiz C de Moraes and +1
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- Ophthalmology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Facial Reconstruction
- by Sergio Junior
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- Morphology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Trauma
- by Sergio Olate
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- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Trauma