Optical Networks Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Computer Science, Physics, Optical Networks, Experimental Evaluation
- by Elena Romanova
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- Optical Networks, Modal Analysis, Fiber Laser, Wave propagation

Data security plays a crucial role in healthcare monitoring systems, since critical patient information is transacted over the Internet, especially through wireless devices, wireless routes such as optical wireless channels, or optical transport networks related to optical fibers. Many hospitals are acquiring their own metro dark fiber networks for collaborating with other institutes as a way to maximize their capacity to meet patient needs, as sharing scarce and expensive assets, such as scanners, allows them to optimize their efficiency. The primary goal of this article is to develop of an attack detection model suitable for healthcare monitoring systems that uses internet protocol (IP) virtual private networks (VPNs) over optical transport networks. To this end, this article presents the vulnerabilities in healthcare monitoring system networks, which employ VPNs over optical transport layer architecture. Furthermore, a multilayer network architecture for closer integration of the...

- by Dionysios Tafiadis
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- Optical Networks, Computation, Healthcare monitoring, vpn Security

This presentation reviews 5G RAN functional decomposition along with RAN architecture evolution before exploring technical solutions for fronthaul transport. The relative techno-economics are presented along with considerations based on... more

- by Andy Sutton
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- Mobile Technology, Mobile and Telecommunicaions, Optical Networks, Mobile Computing

In this paper, we study and analysis Fiber To The Home network. This system will replace the ADSL technology in providing Internet to home users. We discuss the line coding techniques in optical digital communication system.We simulate... more

- by IJCSMC Journal
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- Computer Science, Information Technology, Technology, Computer Engineering
- by Reza Vaez-Ghaemi
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- Optical Networks, Transport Networks
- by Roger Green
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- Engineering, Technology, Network Security, Optical Networks

In the Information Technology era information plays vital role in every sphere of the human life. It is very important to gather data from different data sources, store and maintain the data, generate information, generate knowledge and disseminate data, information and knowledge to every stakeholder. Due to vast use of computers and electronics devices and tremendous growth in computing power and storage capacity, there is explosive growth in data collection. The storing of the data in data warehouse enables entire enterprise to access a reliable current database. To analyze this vast amount of data and drawing fruitful conclusions and inferences it needs the special tools called data mining tools. This paper gives overview of the data mining systems and some of its applications.

Pada awal tahun 2015, Telkom meluncurkan IndiHome, layanan fixed broadband berbasis fiber optik dengan konsep triple play yang terdiri dari telepon rumah, internet berkecepatan tinggi, dan IPTV. Target Line in Service (LIS) IndiHome pada... more

- by Iwan Krisnadi
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- Optical Networks, IPTV

The growth of Internet and other web technologies requires the development of new algorithms
and architectures for parallel and distributed computing. International journal of Distributed and
parallel systems is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal aims to publish high quality
scientific papers arising from original research and development from the international
community in the areas of parallel and distributed systems. IJDPS serves as a platform for
engineers and researchers to present new ideas and system technology, with an interactive and
friendly, but strongly professional atmosphere.

- by saed thuneibat
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- Computer Science, Information Technology, Technology, Computer Engineering

The future scaling of optical networks will rely on higher capacity
fiber links employing space-division multiplexing (SDM)
in addition to established wavelength division multiplexing
(WDM). Realizing such spatial-spectral optical networks in
a cost-effective manner, balancing flexibility and complexity,
was investigated in European Project INSPACE and its major
findings are reported in this newsletter.

- by Ioannis Tomkos
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- Optical Fiber Communications, Optical Networks

In this paper, we investigate the problem of multipath traffic engineering in Optical Burst switching (OBS) networks. The well-known Engset model has been widely used and studied. This model is used to analyze the performance of Passive optical burst switching network. Theoretical analysis for the Burst Length and Static Traffic is carried and also demonstrated by simulation results.

- by IJEEE APM and +1
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- Optical Fiber Communications, Computer Networks, Optical Networks, Passive Optical Networks

This paper analyses and compares the performance of International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) recommended forward error correction (FEC) for the Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) system and the newly ratified Optical transport network (OTN) system. The analysis and comparison are based on simulation results using Poisson and bursty error patterns. While a Poisson error pattern is a commonly studied environment for these systems, a bursty error pattern is not. The simulation results show that the FEC for both SDH and OTN support Poisson errors well. However, for bursty errors, it is found that the FEC for SDH does not work well, while the FEC for OTN is working well for short burst length only.

- by Borhanuddin Mohd Ali
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- Optical Networks

In SDN-enabled networks, the control plane and data plane interaction relies on open SouthBound Interfaces (SBIs) so that the SDN controller exercises direct control over the data plane elements. In this paper, we review current initiatives of SBI to control optical components which include ad-hoc extensions of OpenFlow and YANG modelling proposals combined with the NETCONF / RESTCONF protocols. Then we overview different tools and frameworks available for quick prototyping and deployment of software services that are compliant with such interfaces. Finally, we discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the reviewed initiatives considered key enablers for standardized end-to-end network programmability.

- by Miquel Garrich
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- Optical Networks, Software Defined Networks (SDN)

This paper explores the positive effects of the new multi protocol label switching (MPLS) routing paradigm in IP networks. In particular, novel node numbering algorithms based upon graceful numbering of trees are presented. The first part presents the application of the well-known graceful numbering of spanning caterpillars to the MPLS multicast routing problem. In the second part of the paper, the numbering algorithm is adjusted for the case of unicast routing in the framework of IP-over-WDM optical networks using MPLS, e.g., particularly lambda-labeling and multi protocol lambda switching (MPS).

- by Ibrahim Cahit
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- Graph Theory, Optical Networks
- by Mark jan Francisco
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- Optical Networks, Quantum Cryptography, Optical Switch, Proceedings

During the past years it has become evident to the technical community that computational resources cannot keep up with the demands generated by some applications. As an example, particle physics experiments produce more data than can be... more

- by Tal Lavian and +1
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- Optical Networks, Grid Applications

Manual de instalação da ONU

- by William Araújo da Silva
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- Optical Networks, FTTH, Fiber to The Home (FTTH)

Optical networks are evolving with the emerging advanced technologies. Their sizes and functionalities too grow with every passing year. All these complexities cannot be handled through the traditional framework for network control and management. Software defined networking (SDN) has been proposed for the control and management of networks. SDN provides several advantages for the control, operation and management of large networks. It provides flexibility and agility at every level of the network. In this paper, we present the utilities of SDN for optical networks. We also discuss the issues related to the implementation and benefits of SDN in optical networks.

- by Sutapa Sarkar and +2
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- Optical Networks, Software defined networking

This research project proposes and investigates the performance of a multi-channel scheduling algorithm based on the well-known deficit round-robin (DRR) calling it as multichannel DRR (MCDRR). The original DRR is then extended to the case of multiple channels with tunable transmitters and fixed receivers to provide efficient fair queueing in hybrid time
division multiplexing (TDM)/ wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical networks.
The availability of channels and tunable transmitters are taken into account in extending the DRR and allow the overlap of `rounds' in scheduling to efficiently utilize channels and
tunable transmitters. When the tunable transmitter is available, it triggers the scheduling process. At the start of the First Round, the Round-robin pointer starts from the first flow, if
the packet size is lesser than the deficit counter, the packets are served successfully to their dedicated channels with channel available at that instant. The packets which cannot be served
due to the packet size greater than the deficit counter and the channel available at that particular instant of time is neglected. Also, if the Flows are empty, then the particular Flows are neglected. The pointer moves sequentially as the tunable transmitter triggers at a particular instant of time and scheduling process starts. The pointer continues from the next
flow after the packets are served successfully/unsuccessfully in the previous flow. Once the pointer moves through all the given flows, we define it as “Completion of one Round’’. Simulation results show that the proposed MCDRR can provide nearly perfect fairness with ill-behaved flows for different sets of conditions for interframe times and frame sizes in hybrid TDM/WDM optical networks with tunable transmitters and fixed receivers.

In this paper, the system suggested for improvement of Bit Error Rate (BER) in WLAN IEEE 802.11a with Radio over Fiber (RoF) technology in downlink system to increase reliability of the system and to make it flexible and satisfy the future requirements. The downlink blocks operating at 1550 nm using 50 Km bidirectional Single Mode Fiber (SMF) with 64 QAM modulations using RF modulated frequency 5.8 GHz (UNII) and 54 Mbps data rate. The improvement of BER of 802.11a is done by using QAM modulation and components of RoF likes using SMF and Bessel filter. The evaluation of performance of BER is done by using OPTISYSTEM for simulation results.

Ryszard Romaniuk, Słowniczek światłowodowy (cz.8), Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne, vol.XXV, nr.05-06, 1985, str. 48-49

- by Ryszard Romaniuk
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- Optical Fiber Communications, Fiber Optics, Photonics, Optical Communication

Dispersion Compensation is an essential feature of a wave division multiplexed (WDM) system. In this paper, we are going to demonstrate dispersion compensation using Fiber Bragg Grating and Dispersion Compensating Fiber for WDM System. The basic principles for use of DCF and FBG are reviewed, including definition of figure, merit and condition for dispersion compensation. In multiple channels dispersion can be compensated with number of techniques such as FBG, DCF, EDC and Digital Filters. In this paper the design technique and implementation of FBG and DCF has been discussed. The simulation of the system is analyzed by using different parameters.

- by Karamdeep Singh
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- Optical Engineering, Optics, Optical Fiber Communications, Fiber Optics

Future generations of PON networks are likely to extend the capabilities of current TDM solutions or apply WDM technology to further increase the exploited optical bandwidth. In this paper we estimate the equipment cost difference between WDM and TDM-PONs, modeling the expected short- and mid-term changes in hardware costs, in order to find the breakeven point of TDM and WDM cost with respect to per user bandwidth. We developed a Pareto access traffic model to take into account the bandwidth gain reachable through statistical multiplexing of the shared bandwidth for TDM solutions. Our results shows that WDM variants are likely to scale better with higher bandwidths, and are expected to outperform TDM-PONs about 600 Mb/s per user speed.

With the worldwide demand for larger bandwidth & greater mobility there is a rapid advancement in the area of broadband wireless communications. The high capacity & low loss of optical fibre has seen its exploding growth in the last few decades in the WAN's and LAN's. But, there is a disadvantage in optical fibre cable communication is that optical fibre gets damaged in a long distance installation. So, the Free Space Optical (FSO) wireless communication has emerged as a viable technology for bridging the gap in existing high data rate fibre network and as a temporary backbone for rapidly deployable mobile wireless communication infrastructure. In the recent past, free-space optical communication (FSO) proved to be an important replacement to radio frequency communication. In this paper, a brief description about free space optical (FSO) communication and its connectivity with central cellular network is explained. This paper also provides the information about the role of f...

- by M.SUSHMA SRI
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- Computer Science, Physics, Optical Networks, FREE SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION

Optical networks are the main traffic carrier in the core networks. Due to their robust characteristics, these networks are also becoming popular in the metro and access areas. With the increase in the data rates and larger transmitting powers, several degradations come into existence. The main problems at higher data rates and large transmitter power are the non-linearities and other associated signal impairments. In order to control these unwanted effects, the quality of signal should be assessed at the critical locations of the optical networks. This measurement can be performed using optical performance monitors. However, for proper assessment of the qualities of the signals and to know the state of the optical networks, the optical performance monitors have to be placed at the right locations. In this article, we present distance based logic for the placement of optical performance monitors. We use link statistical models of optical networks for this placement. Keywords—Optical network; quality of signal; optical performance monitoring; optical performance monitor placement; assessment of quality of signal.

- by Abhishek Javali and +1
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- Statistical Analysis, Optical Networks, Statistical Modeling
- by Alfred Driessen
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- Optical Communication, Optical Networks, Integrated Optics, Optical network

Optical coherent technology leads to the coexistence of signals with different modulation formats and different bit rates in optical networks. Due to this coexistence several in-band crosstalk scenarios are possible. In this work, the impact of in-band crosstalk due to M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) interferers on the performance of PDM-QPSK and PDM-16-QAM coherent receivers at an aggregated bit rate of 100 Gbps is studied using Monte Carlo simulation. The accuracy of the error vector magnitude method is also investigated in presence of in-band crosstalk and it revealed to be sufficiently accurate for the estimation of the crosstalk level that leads to a 1 dB Optical Signal-to-Noise ratio (OSNR) penalty at the receiver. However, the EVM method accuracy was diminished, concerning the estimation of the OSNR penalty due to higher crosstalk levels. The influence of the duty-cycle, time misalignment and phase difference between interferers and selected signal on the receiver performance is also assessed. We show that the QPSK signal with a duty-cycle of 33% is,
generally, the most tolerant selected signal to in-band crosstalk and the less detrimental interferer to the coherent receiver performance. We also show that the time misalignment has a significant influence on the in-band crosstalk impact, when the duty-cycles of the interferers or selected signal are low, and the phase difference has almost negligible impact on the OSNR penalty variation.

In this work we, first, investigate multilayer network planning approaches with different levels of integration by extending a commercial planning tool that accurately models the IP network. The different levels of integration are defined with respect to the degree to which information from the optical layer is considered in the optimization of the IP layer. The impact of traffic demand and topology size is evaluated in terms of the obtained cost savings. Case study results indicate cost savings reaching 25% by holistic multilayer network planning. We then proceed to evaluate the impact of the IP layer routing policy, expressed by the IP link weights, on the cost and latency of a holistic multilayer network design. As many network operators prefer to assign IP link weights based on simple rules that are unaffected by the network conditions, we focus on two weight setting policies that are agnostic to the network conditions: the hop-based policy and the distance-based policy. We find that different IP layer policies may lead to different optimized IP topologies for the same traffic and optical layer topology. It is shown that the optical network's regeneration requirements affect the optimal policy.

- by Ori A Gerstel and +2
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- Optical Networks, Internet Routing Protocol, IP Networking, ECMP

Optical wavelength-routed IP/MPLS networks could be a valid solution in the short time. Optical burst switching may represent an interesting method in the mid/long term. Optical packet switching can be seen as the last step of such an evolutionary path. To achieve satisfactory performance, significant efforts are required in developing key optical devices and components such as semiconductor optical amplifiers, optical gates and space switches, wavelength converters, fast tunable lasers and filters, and wavelength routers. Also some breakthroughs are needed in order to realize mature optical devices which allow dynamic buffering of optical packets

- by Miroslaw Klinkowski and +1
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- Optical Networks
- by Behzat Sahin
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- Optical Networks
- by Jose A. Lazaro
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- Optical Fiber Communications, Wireless Communications, Optical Networks, OFDM
- by Lee McKnight and +1
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- Optical Fiber Communications, Optical Networks, Computer Networking and Telecommunication

- by Dionysios Tafiadis
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- Computer Science, Optical Networks, Computation, Comput

The purpose of this paper is to provide a multilayer review of the two
major standards in next generation Passive Optical Networks (PONs) and
technologies, the ITU-T 10-Gigabit-capable PON (XG-PON) and the IEEE 10
Gigabit Ethernet PON (10G-EPON). A study and a discussion on the standards
are performed. The main intention of this paper is to compare XG-PON and
10G-EPON, mainly in terms of physical and data link layers. The paper
answers the question of what are the common elements and the basic execution
differences of the two standards. Moreover, critical points are raised regarding
the Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) schemes of both standards. Special
focus is also pointed in the coexistence of XG-PON and 10G-EPON. Finally,
the paper includes a discussion of open issues and continuing research
regarding the two standards.

In this paper we propose and investigate the performance of a multi-channel scheduling algorithm based on the well-known deficit round-robin (DRR), which we call multi-channel DRR (MCDRR). We extend the original DRR to the case of multiple channels with tunable transmitters and fixed receivers to provide efficient fair queueing in hybrid time division multiplexing (TDM)/wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical networks. We take into account the availability of channels and tunable transmitters in extending the DRR and allow the overlap of `rounds' in scheduling to efficiently utilize channels and tunable transmitters. Simulation results show that the proposed MCDRR can provide nearly perfect fairness with ill-behaved flows for different sets of conditions for inter-frame times and frame sizes in hybrid TDM/WDM optical networks with tunable transmitters and fixed receivers.

- by Indumathi G
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- Computer Science, Algorithms, Wireless Communications, Scheduling

We present, for the first time, the design of a low-cross talk scalable permutation switch employing photonic crystal ring resonators in an optical network. Through this novel approach, the transition between different states of the 2 × 2 optical switch, as the basic element, is achieved by applying different operating wavelengths. Subsequently, the shuffling mechanisms in 3 × 3 and 4 × 4 optical networks are realized by controlling the position of photonics crystal ring resonators. Lowest cross talk levels of 6 and 5% are obtained for " bar " and " cross " switching states, respectively.

- by Moab Rajan Philip
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- Photonic Crystals, Photonics, Optical Networks