Pericardium Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Este trabalho descreve a determinação de parâmetros para o desenvolvimento de um processo contínuo de tratamento do pericárdio bovino com glutaraldeído, para a produção de válvulas cardíacas. Os resultados mostraram que o tempo de reação... more

Este trabalho descreve a determinação de parâmetros para o desenvolvimento de um processo contínuo de tratamento do pericárdio bovino com glutaraldeído, para a produção de válvulas cardíacas. Os resultados mostraram que o tempo de reação do glutaraldeído com o pericárdio bovino é dependente da concentração e para concentrações de 0,001 à 0,05%, no intervalo de 1 à 2 horas, compatível com o desenvolvimento de um processamento industrial de reticulação contínua. Sob condições estequiométricas a impermeabilização e a heterogeneidade da reação do glutaraldeído com o pericárdio bovino foi verificada ser concentração dependente, com heterogeneidade parcial ou totalmente removida, pelo tratamento com tampão glicina/borato.

Cardiac stromal cells have been long underestimated in their functions in homeostasis and repair. Recent evidence has changed this perspective in that many more players and facets than just "cardiac fibroblasts" have entered the... more

Cardiac stromal cells have been long underestimated in their functions in homeostasis and repair. Recent evidence has changed this perspective in that many more players and facets than just "cardiac fibroblasts" have entered the field. Single cell transcriptomic studies on cardiac interstitial cells have shed light on the phenotypic plasticity of the stroma, whose transcriptional profile is dynamically regulated in homeostatic conditions and in response to external stimuli. Different populations and/or functional states that appear in homeostasis and pathology have been described, particularly increasing the complexity of studying the cardiac response to injury. In this review, we outline current phenotypical and molecular markers, and the approaches developed for identifying and classifying cardiac stromal cells. Significant advances in our understanding of cardiac stromal populations will provide a deeper knowledge on myocardial functional cellular components, as well as...

Cystic lesions in relation to the pericardium are a rare congenital lesion with an estimated incidence of 1 per 100,,000. Pericardial cysts may be classified as congenital or acquired. Here, we present a case of a pericardial pseudocyst... more

Cystic lesions in relation to the pericardium are a rare congenital lesion with an estimated incidence of 1 per 100,,000. Pericardial cysts may be classified as congenital or acquired. Here, we present a case of a pericardial pseudocyst having a horseshoe configuration along the atrioventricular groove in a middle-aged subject with no previous relevant medical history. The patient underwent open surgery for the same with histopathological diagnosis being established. This paper highlights the differentials for a cystic pericardial lesion in imaging in addition to the histopathological entity of a pericardial pseudocyst.

Background: Wireless video capsule endoscopy (WVCE) has been reported to contribute to the diagnostic management of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGB). Nevertheless, clinical impact data is lacking. The aim of our study... more

Background: Wireless video capsule endoscopy (WVCE) has been reported to contribute to the diagnostic management of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGB). Nevertheless, clinical impact data is lacking. The aim of our study was to determine the clinical outcome of patients undergoing WVCE for OGB. Patients and methods: 38 patients who were referred for OGB and who underwent WVCE examination were included in this study. A questionnaire was sent to the referring doctors after the capsule investigation. The following items were investigated: the final diagnosis of OGB, treatment applied and clinical outcome. Results: Data was recorded for 26 patients out of 38 (17F, 9M). The mean age was 63 years (range, 21-84). A positive finding was noted in 11 patients. Findings included small bowel lesions in 7 cases and gastroduodenal lesions in 4 cases. As a result of the capsule investigation, specific therapy was administered in 9 patients. Six of the 9 patients treated had no further anemia. Final diagnosis of OGB was in agreement with positive findings of WVCE in all these 11 patients. Among the 15 patients with a negative WVCE, 9 had a digestive lesion (3 small bowel lesions) as a final diagnosis. Conclusion: Patients with a positive result at WVCE had further intervention in 82% and were successfully treated in 67% of cases. We had no false positive results in this study, which suggest a high positive predictive value of WVCE. Moreover, negative WVCE had also an indirect clinical impact.

Cardiac metastasis occurs in up to a quarter of patients with metastatic cancer and is seen most commonly in melanoma and lymphoma. Metastatic involvement of the heart and pericardium may go unrecognized until autopsy. We describe a... more

Cardiac metastasis occurs in up to a quarter of patients with metastatic cancer and is seen most commonly in melanoma and lymphoma. Metastatic involvement of the heart and pericardium may go unrecognized until autopsy. We describe a patient of non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma detected to have involvement of right atrium on F-18 FDG PET/CT and monitoring of response to chemotherapy.

Primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is rare, accounting for 2% of all primary cardiac malignancies. Diagnosis is sometimes slow due to the non-specific nature of symptoms, causing a delay to treatment with potentially curative anthracycline... more

Primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is rare, accounting for 2% of all primary cardiac malignancies. Diagnosis is sometimes slow due to the non-specific nature of symptoms, causing a delay to treatment with potentially curative anthracycline chemotherapy. We report an unusual presentation of primary cardiac lymphoma in an immunocompetent man presenting with subacute isolated right-sided heart failure with pericarditis on a background of chronic anaemia and constitutional upset. Echocardiography demonstrated a pericardial mass invading the right atrium and compressing the tricuspid annulus. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was diagnosed after biopsy. This case highlights the importance of early imaging and hospitalisation in pericarditis with high-risk features such as high inflammatory markers, myocardial involvement (with troponin elevation), fever, immunosuppression or evidence of heart failure. The differential and diagnostic pathway of an intracardiac mass, and the treatment and prognosi...

Pericardial constraint and ventricular interaction influence left ventricular (LV) performance when preload is high. However, it is unclear if these constraining forces modulate LV filling when the heart is unloaded, such as during... more

Pericardial constraint and ventricular interaction influence left ventricular (LV) performance when preload is high. However, it is unclear if these constraining forces modulate LV filling when the heart is unloaded, such as during upright posture, in humans. Fifty healthy individuals underwent right heart catheterization to measure pulmonary capillary wedge (PCWP) and right atrial pressure (RAP). To evaluate the effects of pericardial constraint on hemodynamics, transmural filling pressure (LVTMP) was defined as PCWP-RAP. Beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP) waveforms were recorded, and stroke volume (SV) was derived from the Modelflow method. After measurements at −30 mmHg lower body negative pressure (LBNP), which approximates the upright position, LBNP was released, and beat-to-beat measurements were performed for 15 heartbeats. At −30 mmHg LBNP, RAP and PCWP were significantly decreased. During the first six beats of LBNP release, heart rate (HR) was unchanged, while BP increased f...

We report our experience in the elderly with aortic valve replacement using the Mitroflow A12 pericardial bioprosthesis. From January 1993 to January 2006, 491 patients over the age of 70 years received an aortic Mitroflow A12... more

We report our experience in the elderly with aortic valve replacement using the Mitroflow A12 pericardial bioprosthesis. From January 1993 to January 2006, 491 patients over the age of 70 years received an aortic Mitroflow A12 bioprosthesis implantation. Concomitant procedures included coronary artery bypass grafting in 20% of patients. All patients had routine postoperative Echo-Doppler studies at discharge, one month and a mean of 11.1 months after surgery and annually thereafter. Twenty (4%) patients underwent a second aortic valve replacement due to bioprosthetic valve dysfunction (Group 2). Calcified stenosis was the most common finding at reoperation (98%). Median time to valve reoperation was 76 months. Of patients requiring reoperation, median age at first and second implantation was 73 (70-78) and 79 (76-83) years, respectively. For all patients, freedom from structural valve dysfunction (SVD) was 95+/-3% at 5 years and 55.8+/-2% at 10 years. Bioprosthetic valve deteriorati...

Majority of pericardial calcifications in the tropics are claimed to be of tuberculous origin. Other known causes include among other things uraemia, asbestosis, and post traumatic/post operative. We report a case of pericardial... more

Majority of pericardial calcifications in the tropics are claimed to be of tuberculous origin. Other known causes include among other things uraemia, asbestosis, and post traumatic/post operative. We report a case of pericardial calcification not associated with constrictive pericarditis seen in a patient with established leprosy. Although a direct causal relationship cannot be established between leprosy and pericardial calcification, the well known condition of cardiac amyloid, a complication of leprosy might have contributed in the pathophysiology of the development of pericardial calcification in our patient. The inclusion of leprosy in the differential diagnosis of the aetiology of pericardial calcification in the tropics is suggested.

Pericardial hydatidosis is rare. The transformation towards constriction of hydatid pericarditis remains exceptionally a mode of revelation of the disease. This is a 49-year-old male, suffering exercise dyspnea with ascites. The... more

Pericardial hydatidosis is rare. The transformation towards constriction of hydatid pericarditis remains exceptionally a mode of revelation of the disease. This is a 49-year-old male, suffering exercise dyspnea with ascites. The echocardiography made objectified a thickening of the pericardium with appearance of shell obstructing the filling of the left ventricle and the right ventricle without calcifications. The cardiac magnetic resonance highlighted an aspect evoking a bulky pericardial effusion encysted compressive with presence of signs of chronic constrictive pericarditis. The patient underwent a sternotomy by which a subtotal pericardiectomy was performed. The pathology study showed signs suggestive of hydatid cysts. Hydatid serology was positive. In most chronic constrictive pericarditis, the real treatment is surgical pericardial decortication.

BackgroundPreoperative measurements of left atrium (LA) and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volumes in computed tomography (CT) images have been reported to be associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. We... more

BackgroundPreoperative measurements of left atrium (LA) and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volumes in computed tomography (CT) images have been reported to be associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. We aimed to design a deep learning-based workflow to provide a reliable automatic segmentation of atria, pericardium and EAT, which can facilitate future applications in AF.MethodsA total of 157 patients with AF who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation were enrolled in this study. The 3D U-Net models of LA, right atrium (RA) and pericardium were used to develop the pipeline of total, LA-and RA-EAT automatic segmentation. We defined the attenuation range between -190 to -30 HU as fat within the pericardium to obtain total EAT. Regions between the dilated endocardial boundaries and endocardial walls of LA or RA within the pericardium were used to detect the voxels attributed to fat, resulting in LA-EAT and RA-EAT.ResultsThe LA, RA and pericardium se...

RFC, 85-year-old female, with discomfort in right hemithorax. Chest tomography at admission revealed pleural effusion on the right, and videothorascopy identified traumatic hematomas with no other lesions. Trauma is a differential... more

RFC, 85-year-old female, with discomfort in right hemithorax. Chest tomography at admission revealed pleural effusion on the right, and videothorascopy identified traumatic hematomas with no other lesions. Trauma is a differential diagnosis for eosinophilic pleural effusions. Video-assisted thoracic surgery has been established as the best procedure for differential diagnosIs in pleural effusions.