Quantum Cellular Automata Research Papers (original) (raw)

Cos’hanno in comune cristalli, esseri viventi, pianeti e atomi? Due secoli di progressi nelle scienze evolutive ci mostrano un filo rosso che unisce micro e macrocosmo, un nuovo paradigma che sta cambiando il volto dell’intera civiltà... more

Cos’hanno in comune cristalli, esseri viventi, pianeti e atomi? Due secoli di progressi nelle scienze evolutive ci mostrano un filo rosso che unisce micro e macrocosmo, un nuovo paradigma che sta cambiando il volto dell’intera civiltà umana.

In this paper we propose a novel two-dimensional clocking and timing scheme for systems which permit a reduction in the longest line length in each clocking zone. The proposed clocking schemes utilize logic propagation techniques which... more

In this paper we propose a novel two-dimensional clocking and timing scheme for systems which permit a reduction in the longest line length in each clocking zone. The proposed clocking schemes utilize logic propagation techniques which have been developed for systolic arrays. Placement of QCA cells is modified to ensure correct signal generation and timing. The significant reduction in the longest line length permits a fast timing and efficient pipelining to occur, while guaranteeing kink-free behavior in switching.

It is discovered that the zero-dimensional character of the silicon atom dangling bond (DB) state allows controlled formation and occupation of a new form of quantum dot assemblies. Whereas on highly doped n-type substrates isolated DBs... more

It is discovered that the zero-dimensional character of the silicon atom dangling bond (DB) state allows controlled formation and occupation of a new form of quantum dot assemblies. Whereas on highly doped n-type substrates isolated DBs are negatively charged, it is found that Coulomb repulsion causes DBs separated by less than ~2 nm to experience reduced localized charge. The unoccupied states so created allow a previously unobserved electron tunnel-coupling of DBs, evidenced by a pronounced change in the time-averaged view recorded by scanning tunneling microscopy. Direct control over net electron occupation and tunnel-coupling of multi-DB ensembles through separation controlled is demonstrated. Through electrostatic control, it is shown that a pair of tunnel-coupled DBs can be switched from a symmetric bi-stable state to one exhibiting an asymmetric electron occupation. Similarly, the setting of an antipodal state in a square assembly of four DBs is achieved, demonstrating at room temperature the essential building block of a quantum cellular automata device.

Bijections between sets may be seen as discrete (or crisp) unitary transformations used in quantum computations. So discrete quantum cellular automata are cellular automata with reversible transition functions. This note studies on 1d... more

Bijections between sets may be seen as discrete (or crisp) unitary transformations used in quantum computations. So discrete quantum cellular automata are cellular automata with reversible transition functions. This note studies on 1d reversible cellular automata with triplet local rules.

Proactive contact campaigns play a growing role in modern contact centers. Their traditional usage as a telemarketing tool now is widely extended to different types of service notifications. In this paper we describe the most common model... more

Proactive contact campaigns play a growing role in modern contact centers. Their traditional usage as a telemarketing tool now is widely extended to different types of service notifications. In this paper we describe the most common model of a proactive telephone ...

Quantum cellular automata (QCA) is a new technology in nanometer scale as one of the alternatives to nano cmos technology, QCA technology has large potential in terms of high space density and power dissipation with the development of... more

Quantum cellular automata (QCA) is a new technology in nanometer scale as one of the alternatives to nano cmos technology, QCA technology has large potential in terms of high space density and power dissipation with the development of faster computers with lower power consumption. This paper considers the problem of reliability analysis of Simple QCA circuits at layout level like QCA latches and NOT circuit. The tool used to tackle this problem is Bayesian networks (BN) that derive from convergence of statistics and Artificial Intelligence (AI). It consists of the representation of probabilistic causal relation between variables of a system. Using this we have transformed QCA circuit in to Bayesian framework to find the probability of getting correct output in terms of its polarization with respect to its input configuration and temperature. Reliability analysis also discussed for finding the defective cells in QCA circuit. This will increase overall efficiency of circuit and hence speed of the circuit with lower power consumption.

DNA Cryptography is a new born cryptographic field emerged with the research of DNA Computing in which DNA is used as an Information carrier. Cellular automata is dynamic in nature so it provide dynamic behavior in the system which may... more

DNA Cryptography is a new born cryptographic field emerged with the research of DNA Computing in which DNA is used as an Information carrier. Cellular automata is dynamic in nature so it provide dynamic behavior in the system which may increase the security in the system. DNA cryptography is provide a secure way to encrypt the text and automata changes the state of the system based on the present state, it will occur in discrete time. These qualities are most impressive in these techonology which help us to provide a highly secured security system for the users. Most of the encryption techniques based on the cellular automata have limitations. To overcome this lacuna, we propose a novel DNA cryptography algorithm with cellular automata to achieve randomness, parallelism, uniformity, reversibility and stable. An algorithm implemented and its results obtained are depicts here, and a result analysis is done with other algorithms.

In this paper we propose a novel two-dimensional clocking and timing scheme for systems which permit a reduction in the longest line length in each clocking zone. The proposed clocking schemes utilize logic propagation techniques which... more

In this paper we propose a novel two-dimensional clocking and timing scheme for systems which permit a reduction in the longest line length in each clocking zone. The proposed clocking schemes utilize logic propagation techniques which have been developed for systolic arrays. Placement of QCA cells is modified to ensure correct signal generation and timing. The significant reduction in the longest line length permits a fast timing and efficient pipelining to occur, while guaranteeing kink-free behavior in switching.

The dynamical behavior of the Quantum Cellular Automaton (QCA) is described here as a Markov Process. Ergodicity and recurrence, emergent properties of the discrete dynamical QCA system, are defined in the context of the characteristic... more

The dynamical behavior of the Quantum Cellular Automaton (QCA) is described here as a Markov Process. Ergodicity and recurrence, emergent properties of the discrete dynamical QCA system, are defined in the context of the characteristic polynomial of the Markov transition matrix. Except for a few anomalous cases, the transition matrix can be used to predict recurrence times. Finally, a correspondence between recurrence and elementary particle mass is proposed as an example of an emergent property of the QCA system.

A Quantum Cellular Automaton (QCA), originally proposed as a 1+1D confined automaton to model quantum mechanical type behavior, is further extended in this paper to 2+1 and 3+1 dimensional confinements. QCA trajectories are fractal-like... more

A Quantum Cellular Automaton (QCA), originally proposed as a 1+1D confined automaton to model quantum mechanical type behavior, is further extended in this paper to 2+1 and 3+1 dimensional confinements. QCA trajectories are fractal-like in space and time and can be characterized by a fractal dimension d distinct from its topological dimension D. In addition, QCAs have the pronounced feature of having single space time swaths which are continuous, though non-differentiable, over recurrence cycles in most cases of interest. This unique feature leads to identifying angular momentum states with the quasiperiodic 'anyons' in 2+1D and hydrogen-like orbitals in the 3+1D case. It also emerges from identifying QCA states with actual physical orbitals that properties such as spin and magnetic moments are no longer 'intrinsic' to orbital electrons but features of QCA/fermion space time behavior in a fashion similar to the other orbital quantum numbers.

We present a scheme to perform universal quantum computation using global control with an arbitrary subsystem dimension (not necessarily finite). The scheme is developed over a one spatial dimension N -element array, using only... more

We present a scheme to perform universal quantum computation using global control with an arbitrary subsystem dimension (not necessarily finite). The scheme is developed over a one spatial dimension N -element array, using only mirror-symmetric logical encoding, global pulses for single subsystem operations, uniform Ising-type interaction, and an all zero initial pure state. A mechanism using ancillary degrees of freedom for subsystem specific measurement is also presented.

Operation parameters of magnetic quantum cellular automata are evaluated for the purposes of reliable logic operation. The dynamics of the nanomagnets is simulated via the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations with a stochastic magnetic field... more

Operation parameters of magnetic quantum cellular automata are evaluated for the purposes of reliable logic operation. The dynamics of the nanomagnets is simulated via the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations with a stochastic magnetic field corresponding to thermal fluctuations. It is found that in the macrospin approximation the switching speed does not change under scaling of both size and distances between nanomagnets. Thermal fluctuations put a limitation on the size of nanomagnets, since the gate error rate becomes excessive for nanomagnets smaller than 200nm at room temperature.

Θέμα της εργασίας είναι η εφαρμογή υπολογιστικών συστημάτων, των οποίων η λειτουργία βασίζεται στα cellular automata, στο σχεδιασμό. Το ερώτημα που ερευνάται είναι αν μπορεί η αρχιτεκτονική να εξελιχθεί μέσω της μεταφοράς φυσικών δομών... more

Θέμα της εργασίας είναι η εφαρμογή υπολογιστικών συστημάτων, των οποίων η λειτουργία βασίζεται στα cellular automata, στο σχεδιασμό. Το ερώτημα που ερευνάται είναι αν μπορεί η αρχιτεκτονική να εξελιχθεί μέσω της μεταφοράς φυσικών δομών στο σχεδιασμό, όχι με τη βιομιμητική έννοια της μορφής, ή της λειτουργίας της δομής, αλλά με τη μεταφορά της διαδικασίας ανάπτυξης της μορφής.
Με σκοπό την καλύτερη κατανόηση αυτής της διαδικασίας, αρχικά αναλύεται το θεωρητικό και επιστημονικό υπόβαθρο της λειτουργίας των CA, το οποίο αφορά στην ανάπτυξη της θεωρίας του χάους και της πολυπλοκότητας. Αναφέρονται τα βασικά χαρακτηριστικά που διέπουν τη λειτουργία πολύπλοκων συστημάτων, έτσι ώστε να γίνει αντιληπτή η διαδικασία με την οποία λειτουργούν και η σχέση τους με το σχεδιασμό. Έπειτα, μέσω δύο παραδειγμάτων, μια αρχιτεκτονική σύνθεση του Paul Coates και μια ανάλυση της αστικής ανάπτυξης της πόλης Changsha, ερευνάται το πως προγράμματα βασισμένα στα CA μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν από τον αρχιτέκτονα ως εργαλεία ανάλυσης ή και σύνθεσης. Τέλος, με βάση τη φιλοσοφική σκέψη του Manuel De Landa, μελετάται η γενικότερη, διεπιστημονική προσέγγιση του σχεδιασμού από τον αρχιτέκτονα, μέσω προγραμμάτων τα οποία εισάγουν, ως ένα βαθμό, την αυτοματοποίηση στη διαδικασία του σχεδιασμού.
Στην εργασία γίνεται μια προσπάθεια να ερευνηθεί αν και με ποιο τρόπο τα CA μπορούν να λειτουργήσουν, αναλυτικά και συνθετικά, σε αρχιτεκτονική και αστική κλίμακα εξίσου, εφόσον ιδωθούν ως μέσο για την κατανόηση της πολυπλοκότητας των φυσικών συστημάτων από τον αρχιτέκτονα και ως μέσο για την εκ νέου κωδικοποίηση πληροφορίας σε αρχιτεκτονικό σχέδιο.

Molecular quantum-dot cellular automaton (QCA) offers an alternative paradigm for computing at the nano-scale. QCA circuits require an external clock which can be generated using a network of submerged electrodes to synchronize... more

Molecular quantum-dot cellular automaton (QCA) offers an alternative paradigm for computing at the nano-scale. QCA circuits require an external clock which can be generated using a network of submerged electrodes to synchronize information flow and provide the required power to drive the computation. In this paper, the effect of electrode separation and applied potential on the likelihood of different QCA

A unique cellular automaton, the quantum cellular automaton (QCA), is advanced as a candidate process for describing basic quantum mechanics in real space and time. The QCA mimics a zitterbewegung motion arising from the Dirac free... more

A unique cellular automaton, the quantum cellular automaton (QCA), is advanced as a candidate process for describing basic quantum mechanics in real space and time. The QCA mimics a zitterbewegung motion arising from the Dirac free particle equation for fermions in a confined lattice sapce-time. It emerges from employing simple QCA calculational rules that a series of scaled autopoietic (self-forming) processes can be used to describe diverse states such as atoms, nuclei and elementary particles when scaled in the 3+1D state. fractal features associated with the QCA hint at an intimate link between chaos/fractal properties and the fundamental efforts to understand the roots of quantum physics in real space and real time. The QCA describes a quantum process world striving to survive in space and time and this picture is distinct from the particulate and wave views endemic in elementary quantum explanations at present.

Power dissipation in switching devices is believed to be the single most important roadblock to the continued down scaling of electronic circuits. There is a lot of experimental effort at this time to implement switching circuits based on... more

Power dissipation in switching devices is believed to be the single most important roadblock to the continued down scaling of electronic circuits. There is a lot of experimental effort at this time to implement switching circuits based on magnets and it is important to establish power requirements for such circuits and their dependence on various parameters. This paper analyzes switching energy which is dissipated in the switching process of single domain Ferromagnets used as cascadable logic bits. We obtain generic results that can be used for comparison with alternative technologies or guide the design of magnet based switching circuits. Two central results are established. One is that the switching energy drops significantly if the ramp time of an external pulse exceeds a critical time. This drop occurs more rapidly than what is normally expected of adiabatic switching for a capacitor. The other result is that under the switching scheme that allows for logic operations, the switc...

The Beautiful Universe 1 model is a universal cellular automata of rotating dielectric dipolar nodes exchanging angular momentum with neighboring nodes to make radiation, matter, and space itself. In this paper a simplified simulation of... more

The Beautiful Universe 1 model is a universal cellular automata of rotating dielectric dipolar nodes exchanging angular momentum with neighboring nodes to make radiation, matter, and space itself. In this paper a simplified simulation of non-rotating nodes that nevertheless obey the momentum-exchange 'rules' of the model provide a qualitative picture of energy transport in the model and can be considered a preliminary proof of concept on which to build further work I-Introduction Fig. 1 The first ten frames of the 2D simulation of four nodes of the initial state (top left) spread to adjoining nodes and spread then overlap. The size of a circle centered on a node indicates its angular momentum, while its radius shows the direction the energy is directed. As the energy spreads to more and more adjoining nodes each the a node carries less and less energy, but the total momentum is conserved.

In this paper, in order to investigate natural transformations from discrete CA to QCA, we introduce a new formulation of finite cyclic QCA and generalized notion of partitioned QCA. According to the formulations, we demonstrate the... more

In this paper, in order to investigate natural transformations from discrete CA to QCA, we introduce a new formulation of finite cyclic QCA and generalized notion of partitioned QCA. According to the formulations, we demonstrate the condition of local transition functions, which induce a global transition of well-formed QCA. Following the results, extending a natural correspondence of classical cells and quantum cells to the correspondence of classical CA and QCA, we have the condition of classical CA such that CA generated by quantumization of its cells is well-formed QCA. Finally we report some results of computer simulations of quantumization of classical CA.

This paper is both a review of some recent developmentsintheutilizationofmagnetismforapplicationsto logic and memory and a description of some new innovations in nanomagnetics and spintronics. Nanomagnetics is primarily based on the... more

This paper is both a review of some recent developmentsintheutilizationofmagnetismforapplicationsto logic and memory and a description of some new innovations in nanomagnetics and spintronics. Nanomagnetics is primarily based on the magnetic interactions, while spintronics is primarily concerned with devices that utilize spin polarized currents. With the end of complementary metal-oxide- semiconductor (CMOS) in sight, nanomagnetics can provide a new paradigm for information process using the principles of magnetic quantum cellular automata (MQCA). This paper will review and describe these principles and then introduce a new nonlithographic method of producing reconfigurable arrays of MQCAs and/or storage bits that can be configured electrically. Furthermore, this paper will provide a brief description of magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), the first mainstream spintronic nonvolatile random access memory and project how far its successor spin transfer torque random access m...

Individual and coupled quantum dots containing one or two electrons have been realized and are regarded as components for future quantum information circuits. In this Letter we map out experimentally the stability diagram of the... more

Individual and coupled quantum dots containing one or two electrons have been realized and are regarded as components for future quantum information circuits. In this Letter we map out experimentally the stability diagram of the few-electron triple dot system, the electron configuration map as a function of the external tuning parameters, and reveal experimentally for the first time the existence of quadruple points, a signature of the three dots being in resonance. In the vicinity of these quadruple points we observe a duplication of charge transfer transitions related to charge and spin reconfigurations triggered by changes in the total electron occupation number. The experimental results are largely reproduced by equivalent circuit analysis and Hubbard models. Our results are relevant for future quantum mechanical engineering applications within both quantum information and quantum cellular automata architectures.

Magnetic quantum dot cellular automata (MQCA) have been recently proposed as an attractive implementation of QCA as a possible CMOS technology substitute. Marking a difference with respect to previous contributions, in this work we show... more

Magnetic quantum dot cellular automata (MQCA) have been recently proposed as an attractive implementation of QCA as a possible CMOS technology substitute. Marking a difference with respect to previous contributions, in this work we show that it is possible to develop and describe complex MQCA computational blocks strongly linking technology and having in mind a feasible realization. Thus, we propose a practicable clock structure for MQCA baptised ¿snake-clock¿, we stick to this while developing a system level hardware description language (HDL) based description of an architectural block, and we suggest a delay insensitive Null Convention LogicTM (NCL, ) implementation for the magnetic case so that the ¿layout=timing¿ problem can be solved. Furthermore we include in our model aspects critically related to technology and real production, that is timing, power and layout, and we present the preliminary steps of our experiments, the results of which will be included in the architecture...