Reactive Distillation Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- by
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- Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Science, Chemistry
- by mayra fernandez
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- Chemistry, Modelling, Reactive Distillation, Controllability
- by mayra fernandez
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- Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Catalysis, Modeling
- by mayra fernandez
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- Chemistry, Modelling, Process Engineering, Reactive Distillation
- by mayra fernandez
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- Chemistry, Modelling, Process Engineering, Reactive Distillation
- by mayra fernandez
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- Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Catalysis, Modeling
- by Ali Almansoori
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- Engineering, Biodiesel, Process Engineering, Reactive Distillation
- by Rosendo Monroy-Loperena
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- Engineering, Chemistry, Industrial Engineering, Reactive Distillation

This paper illustrates the application of an index reduction method to some differential algebraic equations (DAE) modelling the reactive Rayleigh distillation. After two deflation steps, this DAE is converted to an equivalent first-order explicit ordinary differential equation (ODE). This ODE involves a reduced number of dependent variables, and some evaluations of implicit functions defined, either from the original algebraic constraints, or from the hidden ones. Consistent initial conditions are no longer to be computed; at the opposite of some other index reduction methods, which generate a drift-off effect, the algebraic constraints remain satisfied at any time; and, finally, the computational effort to solve the ODE may be less than the one associated to the original DAE.

Ethanol production from lignocellulosic residues from agriculture, such as the acaí seeds, have a fundamental step, delignification. This step becomes is more effective when performed in combination with others pre- treatments, preferably with those that are able to remove the hemicellulose fraction, such as treatment with dilute sulfuric acid. The aim this work was perform the delignification of açaí seeds pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid and evaluate the enzymatic hydrolysis rate. The açaí sees were pretreated with 1 % sulfuric acid, 10% solids for 60 minutes at 121 °C. An experimental set 22 for evaluate delignification was performed and the experimental conditions were 1 % NaOH, temperature from 39.64 to 110.36 °C (+a; - a) and solids loading from 3.79 to 46.21 % (-a; +a). After delignification the liquid fraction was characterized for carbohydrate content, lignin and fermentation inhibitors (acetic acid, furfural and HMF). And solid fraction was also characterized for the c...

- by R. Filho
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- Chemistry, Process Engineering, Reactive Distillation, Distillation
- by Kanhaiya Singh
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- Computer Science, Reactive Distillation, Soft sensor
- by Jofry Othman
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- Chemical Engineering, Petroleum, Process Engineering, Reactive Distillation
- by AIDA LUZ VILLA HOLGUIN
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- Chemistry, Reactive Distillation, Batch Distillation, Limonene

- by Karen Simeon
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- Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry
- by Alexander Toikka
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- Thermodynamics, Chemistry, Evaporation, Reactive Distillation

The development and optimization of an empirical model of a reactive distillation process producing palmitic acid methyl ester (PAME), with the aid of Minitab, have been carried out in this work. In order to achieve these, Box-Behnken technique of response surface methodology was used to design experiments that were carried out in a prototype plant of the process developed with the aid of Aspen HYSYS using Distillation Column SubFlowsheet as the column type and Wilson model as the fluid package. The results obtained from the analysis of the developed full quadratic model revealed that reboiler duty was not having any significant effect on the process as its probability value (P-value) was obtained to be greater than 0.05 that was chosen, based on the confidence level of 95%.This was found to justify the fact that no reaction was occurring in the reboiler section of the column. Based on this, the full quadratic model developed was modified. Although the R-squared value of the full qu...

- by Misbahu Mohammed
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- Engineering, Chemistry, Catalysis, Heterogeneous Catalysis
- by Raj Kumar
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- Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Chromatography, Catalysis

A simulation study of the effects of design and operating parameters under which optimal-stable steady states may occur in a reactive distillation process for synthesis of ethanol has been presented. The conceptual design of the reactive separation process is based on the element concept where the reactive driving force approach is employed. To validate the proposed design, steady state simulations using ASPEN PLUS® software package were accomplished, and a sensitivity analysis was done to establish the operating conditions of the process. The analysed parameters were as follows: i) the operating pressure and ii) the reflux ratio. The results showed that a new energy-efficient design with minimal energy requirements may be considered a viable technological alternative for ethanol synthesis. Also, this reaction-separation process allows to satisfy the design and operating constrains. This is, a novel reactive distillation process capable to increase the purity of the ethanol from a d...

- by J. CARLOS CARDENAS GUERRA
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- Materials Science, Process Engineering, Reactive Distillation, Ethanol

This paper reports a comparison of several available correlations to calculate flooding velocity and mass transfer efficiency by using the concept of height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP) for distillation columns filled with metallic structured packings. It is found that there are more correlations for pressure drop or gas velocity at flooding than correlations to predict HETP values, and that most of the correlations need empirical constants or exponents for their calculation. Nevertheless, these values are not reported for all the packings and all the sizes available. A case study is made for application of the proposed methods, and the results are presented and compared. A brief comment is made on each method and its ease of application.

- by Eleazar Escamilla-Silva and +1
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- by R. Filho
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- Materials Science, Reactive Distillation, Process Integration, Distillation
- by Agustin Jaime Castro Montoya
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- Engineering, Chemistry, Process Engineering, Reactive Distillation
- by Traute Nieuwoudt
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- Engineering, Alcohols

In this study, we aimed to determine the optimum operating conditions for the production of ethyl acetate (EtAc) through the esterification of ethanol (EtOH) with acetic acid (HAc) in a reactive distillation (RD) column. For this, the designed column was simulated for the production of EtAc. HAc flow rate, EtOH flow rate, HAc feed stage, EtOH feed stage, reflux ratio, and reactive feed temperatures were changed and the effects of these parameters on EtAc production were observed. Central Composite Design was employed to define the optimum operating conditions for the RD column. The determination coefficient R2 was equal to 0.9197 suggesting a good relationship between the predicted and simulated responses. Adjusted R2 and predicted R2 values obtained from the program were 0.8823 and 0.7956, respectively. The optimal conditions for the EtAc production response were HAc flow rate of 120.00 kmol/h, EtOH flow rate of 150.00 kmol/h, HAc feed stage 6, EtOH feed stage 14, reflux ratio 2.2,...

- by Adnan Aldemir
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- Chemistry, Chromatography, Response Surface Methodology, Reactive Distillation
- by Dr Damandeep Singh
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- Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Catalysis, Reactive Distillation
- by Dr Damandeep Singh
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- Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Science, Chemistry

Soft sensors for the on-line estimation of 95% distillation point (D95) of diesel fuel in crude distillation unit (CDU) are developed. Experimental data are acquired from the refinery distributed control system (DCS) and include on-line available continuously measured variables and laboratory assays. Soft sensors are developed using different linear and nonlinear identification methods. Additional laboratory data for the model identification are generated by Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARSplines). The models are evaluated based on Root Mean Square Error (RMS), Absolute Error (AE), FIT and Final Prediction Error (FPE) criteria. Among the variety of models, the best results are achieved with Box Jenkins (BJ), Output Error (OE) and Hammerstein–Wiener (HW) model. Based on developed soft sensors it is possible to estimate fuel properties in continuous manner and apply inferential control. By the real plant application of developed soft sensors considerable savings could be...

- by Goran Galinec
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- Engineering, Reactive Distillation, Distillation, Diesel Fuel

Type of packings and characteristics of their geometry can affect the flow behavior in the reactive distillation columns. KATAPAK SP is one the newest modular catalytic structured packings (MCSP) that has been used in the reactive distillation columns, recently. However, there is not any study on the hydrodynamics of this packing by using computational fluid dynamics. In the present work, a 3D VOF model was developed to evaluate dry and wet pressure drops of catalytic structured packings, MCSP-11 and 12. The module of MCSP is made of alternating vertical layers of structured packing sheets (Mellapak Plus) and catalyst bags. The goal of this paper is to illustrate the effect of geometry on the hydrodynamics and characterization of flow in the MCSP modules. Results showed that the mean relative errors for prediction of dry and wet pressure drops were 17% and 7% for MCSP-11 and 11% and 12% for MCSP-12, respectively. According to CFD results, pressure drop in closed channels was higher ...

- by Rahbar Rahimi
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- Materials Science, Mechanics, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Reactive Distillation
- by Rahbar Rahimi
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- Engineering, Pid Controller, Temperature Control

Simulation of a process and analysis of its resulting data in both dynamic and steady-state conditions are fundamental steps in understanding the process in order to design and efficient control of system as well as implementing operational cost reduction scheme. In the present paper, steady and unsteady state simulation of Amir Kabir1, 3 butadiene purification units has been done by using Aspen and Aspen Dynamic software together with the Peng- Robinson equation of state to investigate the system responses to the disturbances. In the unsteady state simulation mode; the flow rates, pressure, temperature and level (FPTL) were controlled by Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers in the unit. Finally, transient responses to changes such as feed temperature, feed flow rates, steam flow rates and the duties of the re-boiler of columns in unit were gained. For reaching to purified 1,3 butadiene, sensitivity of the process to the fluctuations of feed temperature and on the duti...

- by Rahbar Rahimi
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- Engineering, Pid Controller, Temperature Control
- by Rahbar Rahimi
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- Chemical Engineering, Materials Science, Thermodynamics, Chemistry
- by Marcelino Rodriguez
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- Mathematics, Reactive Distillation, Distillation, Nonlinear system
- by Liang-sun Lee
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- Chemical Engineering, Thermodynamics, Chemistry, Water
- by Artin Afacan
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- Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Mass Transfer, Catalysis
- by Artin Afacan
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- Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Catalysis, Reactive Distillation

This article presents a reactive distillation simulation model of biodiesel production from the feed of 1,000 kg/h Jatropha oil. Starting with the verification of the conventional process at the purification sections and improve transesterification calculation, the model gives a realistic solution. GaussViewW and GAUSSIAN 03W are used to generate the molecular structure for other key compositions including triglyceride, diglyceride, and monoglyceride of oleic and linoleic acid which are major components of Jatropha oil. The biodiesel conversion 1.14 % and energy 1.36 %; requirement by the reactive distillation process are higher than the conventional process which the conversion of conventional process and reactive distillation are 98.2 and 99.8 respectively. However, reactive distillation can almost consume the reactant completely. While there are some triolein and diolein in biodiesel from the conventional process, these residues impact on the quality of biodiesel. The recycling s...

- by Thongchai Rohitatisha Srinophakun
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- Materials Science, Chemistry, Biodiesel, Reactive Distillation

In this paper, the operability of a high-purity distillation column is presented. This process is known to be difficult to control and operate due to the high degree of nonlinearity of the process. The analytical framework used to assess the process operability are the regions of steady-state attainability, recently developed by Rojas et al (2006). This framework is selected because it allows one to assess the viability of applying linear control to a nonlinear process solely based on the process nonlinear steady-state information. In this approach, two operating regions are defined in both input and output spaces, which provide an indication of the inherent difficulty of controlling the nonlinear process using linear output feedback. In order to integrate this operability analysis in process design practice, the analysis is based on a numerical steady-state simulation of the column using ASPEN PLUS®. By using ASPEN Sensitivity Analysis Tool that varies the column inputs across a pr...

- by Osvaldo Rojas
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- Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Science, Case Study
- by Patrick Daniel
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- Materials Science, Chromatography, Distillation, Chemical reactors
- by Iqbal Mujtaba
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- Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Process Engineering
- by Iqbal Mujtaba
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- Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Reactive Distillation, Distillation
- by Iqbal Mujtaba
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- Engineering, Chemistry, Reactive Distillation, Methanol

L'invention concerne un procédé de conversion alimenté par une charge diol comprenant au moins 90% poids de diol et une charge acide carboxylique comprenant au moins 80% poids d'acide carboxylique, ledit procédé comprenant au moins : - une étape d'estérification, alimentée par au moins ladite charge diol et au moins ladite charge acide carboxylique, les débits d'alimentation étant ajustés de telle sorte que le ratio molaire acide carboxylique/diol en entrée de ladite étape d'estérification est compris entre 2 et 6, ladite étape d'estérification comprenant au moins une colonne de distillation réactive opérée à une température comprise entre 40 et 280°C, à une pression comprise entre 0,01 et 0,5 MPa, avec un taux de reflux molaire compris entre 0,5 et 10 et un taux de rebouillage molaire compris entre 0,5 et 10, constituée d'une zone mixte de réaction/séparation située entre deux zones de séparation, chacune desdites zones de séparation ayant une efficacité...

- by Marc Jacquin
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- Reactive Distillation, Esterification, Génie Chimique
- by Marc Jacquin
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- Reactive Distillation, Esterification, Génie Chimique
- by Mehmet Çağatay
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- Materials Science, Catalysis, Biodiesel, Process Engineering