Review Study Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Background: Cultural competence is an essential factor in providing effective services to care seekers. Providing cultural care is a necessity in nursing; thus, measuring cultural competence in nurses is of great importance. Accordingly,... more

Background: Cultural competence is an essential factor in providing effective services to care
seekers. Providing cultural care is a necessity in nursing; thus, measuring cultural competence in
nurses is of great importance. Accordingly, the current study aimed at introducing the scales for
measuring cultural competence in nursing.
Methods: The current narrative review study was conducted by searching the internet and library
resources through credible databases. The keywords “cultural competence, cultural competency,
cultural instruments, the measurement of cultural competency, nursing, nursing students, and
cultural sensitivity” were used individually and in combination. The selected articles were in
English, without any time limits, and only in the medical fields.
Results: Among 16 articles related to cultural competence scales, 19 scales were discovered;
12 of which were in English and applicable in nursing. Nine tools were designed based on a
conceptual framework/model, and only 6 of them received psychometric evaluations.
Conclusion: The comparison of the scales suggested that all of them were developed based on
different conceptual frameworks; accordingly, various factors should be considered when using
them. The compatibility of the scale with the culture and environmental conditions of the studied
population, and the areas of cultural competence it investigates, are among such characteristics.

Child labor is a common practice in developing countries. Child labor is defined as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and dignity as an emerging social threat increasing at an alarming rate. The statistical... more

Child labor is a common practice in developing countries. Child labor is defined as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and dignity as an emerging social threat increasing at an alarming rate. The statistical secondary data analysis method was used in this study to estimate the causes and different types of victimization trend on child at workplace in Bangladesh. The authors have experienced that the child are now working in multidimensional sectors like agriculture, service sector, industry, construction, domestic work, transport etc for their hand to mouth. They are forced to perform more than one shift duty a day keeping contradiction with the ILO regulations in this connection. They are on the different kinds of workplace victimization where physical abuse, health injury, economical exploitation and sexual abuse are on the top rank. There is no headache on their educational deprivation in our ongoing society.

This article aims at reviewing three major studies in the Translation Studies on the retranslation of non-literary texts, an unexplored field of research. These major contributions were conducted by Susam-Sarajeva (2003), Flotow (2009)... more

This article aims at reviewing three major studies in the Translation Studies on the retranslation of non-literary texts, an unexplored field of research. These major contributions were conducted by Susam-Sarajeva (2003), Flotow (2009) and Song (2012). It is argued in this study that the field of Translation Studies can benefit much from the perspective suggested by these researchers. The retranslations of non-literary texts are better seen when located within the socio-cultural and historical conditions that have shaped their reproduction in the translating language and culture. In other words, the retranslation of such texts is better explained by specific contexts and conditions in the target language than by the source texts or the poor quality of 'first translations'.

The study was conducted to shed light on the acid crime and victims in South Asian developing countries (i.e., demographic subdivision Bangladesh by name). The objective of this paper is to draw thriving strategies to make exploitation... more

The study was conducted to shed light on the acid crime and victims in South Asian developing countries (i.e., demographic subdivision Bangladesh by name). The objective of this paper is to draw thriving strategies to make exploitation free life on the basis of the existing laws eradicating the acid crime victimization in the world as a global village. The data was collected mainly from secondary sources. The perceived causes of acid violence included dowry, family dispute, property dispute, marital dispute, refusal of love etc. Subsequently, the consequences incorporated death, disfigurement, disability, chronic poverty, isolation from job, family and community, lack of security and so many concerns. The study was recommended to take a collaborative action to all the stakeholders to create awareness to the family and society enforcing laws by government to eclipse these sorry tales.

In an effort to understand trends in open and distance education more comprehensively, this study aims to identify the research trends, major concepts, and cutoff points in the articles published between 2009 and 2016. From five major... more

In an effort to understand trends in open and distance education more comprehensively, this study aims to identify the research trends, major concepts, and cutoff points in the articles published between 2009 and 2016. From five major peer-reviewed journals, a total of 989 articles were analyzed through a systematic literature review process using content analysis. The articles were coded based on the following three categories: level, topics, and sub-topics. The results indicated the followings: (1) emerged main themes in the articles were foundations of open and distance education, instructional process, and effects of applications; (2) there was an upward growth in the publishing of the articles on massive open online courses, open educational resources, and students’ perspectives; (3) new pedagogical approaches and online learning design played a triggering role in the research topics; and (4) technological and pedagogical developments between 2011 and 2012 had an influence on t...