T Cell Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, characterized by dysregulated T cell immune response.. Objective To investigate the Tim-3 surface expression on peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in... more

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, characterized by dysregulated T cell immune response.. Objective To investigate the Tim-3 surface expression on peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in RA patients concerning disease activity. Methods A cross-sectional case-controlled study involving 157 RA patients who were categorized by disease activity score 28 (DAS28) into 4 groups; patients with remission and low, moderate, and high RA activity groups. The assessment of Tim-3 expression on peripheral CD4 and CD8 T cells of patients and controls using flow cytometry was done. Results The peripheral expression of Tim-3 on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells was significantly higher in RA patients as compared to controls (for CD4 + T cells, 3.55 ± 1.12% in remission group vs. 1.21 ± 0.52 in control group, p

The immune system is usually seen as a collection of independent (specific) lymphocyte clones. Randomly generated and activated at random, these lymphocytes follow only their individual, clonal history. Thus, in traditional descriptions,... more

The immune system is usually seen as a collection of independent (specific) lymphocyte clones. Randomly generated and activated at random, these lymphocytes follow only their individual, clonal history. Thus, in traditional descriptions, immunological activity is neither systemic nor historical and is never “physiological”. However, recent descriptions show an abundant “auto”-reactivity in healthy organisms, an evidence of internal connectivity. The two major sources of immunogenic contacts, namely, dietary proteins and products of the autochthonous microbiota fail to induce progressive “secondary-type” clonal expansions (or “memory”). Natural IgM may arise in “antigen-free” organisms as they do in conventionally raised animals; actually, clonal receptors of both T and B lymphocytes are formed in antigen-free intracellular environments and are not driven by antigen exposure. Early in ontogenesis natural immunoglobulins are organized in characteristic patterns of reactivity which are...

Various kinds of immunotherapy treatment for cancer are either available to the public or are in the process of clinical trials. Immunotherapy treatments have the potential to treat cancer with significantly less toxicity than... more

Various kinds of immunotherapy treatment for cancer are either available to the public or are in the process of clinical trials. Immunotherapy treatments have the potential to treat cancer with significantly less toxicity than chemotherapy and radiation treatments. An emphasis on cellular infusion as a method of either enhancing the immune system by creating an environment for se-questering the host immune system to attack cancer cells or more directly inserting cells to di-rectly attack cancer cells will be provided in this review. Various forms of cancer vaccines are also discussed in this paper as an important aspect in immunotherapy. This review seeks to describe various methodologies associated with administering immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer.

We investigated the mechanism involved in T cell unresponsiveness that follows the monoclonal antibody-induced surface modulation of the CD3-TCR complex. We determined whether modulation of CD3-TCR affected the early metabolic steps such... more

We investigated the mechanism involved in T cell unresponsiveness that follows the monoclonal antibody-induced surface modulation of the CD3-TCR complex. We determined whether modulation of CD3-TCR affected the early metabolic steps such as [Ca2+]i rise and InsP3 formation. A strong inhibition of the increase on [Ca2+]i mediated by either anti-TCR or anti-CD2 mAbs was detected. In contrast, surface modulation of CD2 molecules did not prevent the [Ca2+]i increase induced by anti-TCR mAb. Similarly, InsP3 increase was strongly reduced only after modulation of CD3-TCR complex (but not of CD2 molecules). Therefore, it appears that surface modulation of CD3-TCR complex causes T cell refractoriness by inhibiting the very early metabolic events that follow receptor-ligand interactions.

Fcγ RIIA (CD32A) and their ligands, including the immunoglobulin Fc fragment and pentraxins, are key players in a variety of innate immune responses. Still unclear is whether additional ligands of CD32A do exist. The objective of this... more

Fcγ RIIA (CD32A) and their ligands, including the immunoglobulin Fc fragment and pentraxins, are key players in a variety of innate immune responses. Still unclear is whether additional ligands of CD32A do exist. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that CD32A-chimeric receptor (CR) can be utilized for the identification of CD32A cell surface ligand(s). Among fifteen cancer cell lines tested, CD32A-CR T cells recognized three of breast cancer (BC) including the MDA-MB-468 and one colorectal carcinoma (HT29) in the absence of targeting antibodies. Conjugation of sensitive BC cells with CD32A-CR T cells induced CD32A polarization and down-regulation, CD107 release, and mutual cell elimination in vitro. Conversely, normal fibroblasts and myoblasts were not affected while normal HUVEC cells promoted CD32A down-regulation. CD32A-CR T cell activity was not inhibited by human IgGs or human serum, but; it was rather enhanced by cetuximab antibody. RNAseq analysis of sensitive vs resistant BC cells identified a fingerprint of 42 genes predicting the sensitivity of BC cells to CD32A-CR T cells and their association with favorable prognostic significance in advanced BC patients. Our data also identify ICAM 1 as a major regulator of CD32A-CR T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Finally, CD32A-CR T cell administration protected immunodeficient mice from subcutaneous growth of MDA-MB-468 cells in the absence of tumor-specific antibodies. These data indicate that CD32A-CR can be utilized for the identification of (1) cell surface CD32A ligand(s); (2) rational therapeutic strategies to target BC; and (3) novel transcriptomic signatures prognostically relevant for advanced BC patients.

<p>Splenocytes from Swiss mice (n = 6) immunized with 10 µg of StreptInCor adsorbed onto 60 µg of aluminum hydroxide (black symbols) or injected with aluminum hydroxide alone (controls, open symbols) were incubated with StreptInCor... more

<p>Splenocytes from Swiss mice (n = 6) immunized with 10 µg of StreptInCor adsorbed onto 60 µg of aluminum hydroxide (black symbols) or injected with aluminum hydroxide alone (controls, open symbols) were incubated with StreptInCor at 1 µg/mL (circles), 10 µg/mL (triangles) or cardiac myosin (diamonds). Stimulation indices ≥2.0 (dotted line) were considered positive. Each data point represents a sample, and the line represents the mean. <i>P</i> values: ** (≤0.01).</p

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the artery wall. Atherosclerotic lesions contain monocytes, macrophages, smooth muscle cells and T lymphocytes. Here, we review the role of T-lymphocyte subsets in atherosclerosis.... more

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the artery wall. Atherosclerotic lesions contain monocytes, macrophages, smooth muscle cells and T lymphocytes. Here, we review the role of T-lymphocyte subsets in atherosclerosis. Among CD4+ T cells, Th1 cells are pro-atherogenic, Treg cells are athero-protective and the role of Th2 and Th17 cells remains unclear. The role of follicular helper T cells in atherosclerosis remains unknown, as is the role of CD8+ T cells. NKT cells bind glycolipid antigens and exert a pro-atherogenic role. The antigen specificity of T-cell responses in atherosclerosis is poorly understood. In order to enable antigen-specific prevention or therapy, a better understanding of these mechanisms is needed.

The therapeutic effects of fullerene derivatives on many models of inflammatory disease have been demonstrated. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of these nanoparticles remain to be elucidated, though their beneficial roles in allergy and... more

The therapeutic effects of fullerene derivatives on many models of inflammatory disease have been demonstrated. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of these nanoparticles remain to be elucidated, though their beneficial roles in allergy and autoimmune diseases suggest their suppressive potential in acquired immunity. Here, we evaluated the effects of C 60 pyrrolidine tris-acid (C 60-P) and polyhydroxylated fullerene (C 60 (OH) 36) on the acquired immune response in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, both C 60 derivatives had dose-dependent suppressive effects on T cell receptor-mediated activation of T cells and antibody production by B cells under anti-CD40/IL-4 stimulation, similar to the actions of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. In addition, C 60-P suppressed ovalbumin-specific antibody production and ovalbumin-specific T cell responses in vivo, although T cell-independent antibodies responses were not affected by C 60-P. Together, our data suggest that fullerene derivatives can suppress acquired immune responses that require T cells.