Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications Research Papers (original) (raw)

Keywords: MIMO antenna UWB antenna Model predictive Control Non-uniform microstrip line Printed monopole antenna a b s t r a c t A novel ultra wideband (UWB) printed monopole multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with non-uniform transmission line using nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) is presented. The proposed antenna is superior to conventional antennas in terms of dimensions, gain, and efficiency while maintaining the impedance bandwidth. In order to improve the results, a non-uniform transmission line has been used for impedance matching between the radiated patch element and the coaxial cable. For designing the non-uniform transmission line, it has been expanded using cosine terms. Regarding the presence of differential equation for the variation in the impedance of the transmission line and its transformation to the state-space equation, NMPC has been employed to design the transmission line and determine the cosine expansion coefficients. Two base antennas, as MIMO, were simulated configuration and fabricated. The surface area of the proposed MIMO antenna is 0.99 k 2 g , the wavelength has been obtained for the center frequency of the 3.16 GHz to 10.6 GHz range, and its mutual coupling, peak gain, channel capacity loss (CCL), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), mean effective gain (MEG) and diversity gain (DG), envelope correlation (ECC) are acceptable. The simulation and measurement results are in good agreement, and the proposed antenna is suitable for MIMO applications. Ó 2020 The ''Authors". Karabuk University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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- Antennas, Wireless Communications, Model Predictive Control, Model Predictive Control (MPC)

In this study, a model based on the generalised-K (GK) distribution is proposed for identifying ultra-wideband (UWB) indoor channel profiles. In particular, an index (y-index) based on a proper combination of GK parameters is proposed to unambiguously and effectively distinguish among line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS propagation conditions. This clear distinction is achieved by defining two non-overlapping sets which correspond to the two well-defined profiles. The technique is user-friendly since it does not call for any complex estimation process. Comparison among the results achieved by both real measurements and IEEE.802.15.4a channel model simulations confirm the soundness of the employed method and the effectiveness of the proposed y-index.

In this paper, a two-stage 0.18 μm CMOS power amplifier (PA) for ultra-wideband (UWB) 3 to 5 GHz based on common source inductive degeneration with an auxiliary amplifier is proposed. In this proposal, an auxiliary amplifier is used to place the 2nd harmonic in the core amplified in order to make up for the gain progression phenomena at the main amplifier output node. Simulation results show a power gain of 16 dB with a gain flatness of 0.4 dB and an input 1 dB compression of about-5 dBm from 3 to 5 GHz using a 1.8 V power supply consuming 25 mW. Power added efficiency (PAE) of around 47% at 4 GHz with 50 Ω load impedance was also observed. Keywords: CMOS Low noise amplifier Power amplifier Topologies Ultra-wideband (UWB) This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.

В данной работе предлагаются три различные модели для описания диаграмм направленности TEM рупора в E-плоскости в сверхширокой полосе частот. Каждая из предлагаемых моделей различаются по точности, частотной полосе и по времени вычисления. Модели сравниваются между собой и с методом конечных элементов. Приведенные данные о полосе согласования по коэффициенту отражения позволяют сделать вывод, что наибольший интерес представляют исследования диаграммы направленности в границах этой полосы, от 1 до 15 ka. Предлагаемые модели вполне описывают изменение диаграммы направленности в E-плоскости во всей полосе согласования антенны и открывают новые возможности для оптимизации нерегулярного СШП TEM рупора по характеристикам диаграммы направленности.

This paper presents the design of new compact antennas for ultra wide band applications. Each antenna consists of a rectangular patch fed by 50Ω microstrip transmission line and the ground element is a defected ground structure (DGS). The aim of this study is to improve the bandwidth of these antennas by using DGS and the modification geometry of rectangular structure, which gives new compact antennas for UWB applications. The input impedance bandwidth of the antennas with S11<-10dB is more than 10GHz, from 3GHz to more than 14 GHz. The proposed antennas are investigated and optimized by using CST microwave studio, they are validated by using another electromagnetic solver Ansoft HFSS. The measured parameters present good agreement with simulation. The final antenna structures offer excellent performances for UWB system. Keyword: Ansoft HFSS CST microwave studio Defected ground structure (DGS) Rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMSA) Ultra wideband (UWB)

A miniaturized ultra wideband (UWB) planar array antennas for C-band aircraft weather RADAR applications is presented. Firstly, the effect of the ground plane is studied. Later, the realization and experimental validation of the geometry that has an UWB characteristic are discussed. This array antennas is composed of a twenty-four radiating element that is etched onto FR-4 substrate with an overall size of 162 × 100 × 1 58 mm 3 and a dielectric constant of ε r = 4 4. The results show that this miniaturized array antennas gives us a bandwidth which is about 115% and a gain greater than 13 dB which are required in aircraft weather radar applications.

This paper focuses on the new standard of IEEE 802.15.4z, which is seeking to enhance the already existing standards for the Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology. We describe the current state in regards of standardization of the UWB technology and also the proposed changes to be made. In the last part, we compare the new enhancements to the existing standards and describe the proposed improvements to be made in ranging capabilities, power consumption and security for both HRP and LRP UWB PHYs while also naming several practical applications where these new enhancements will be used.

—The paper describes principles of angle of arrival estimation using an anchor and a tag which are built around Decawave's DW1000 impulse radio ultra-wideband IC. Typical experimental results are provided that show the performance of Decawave's AOA demo kit based on this architecture. Keywords—Angle of arrival (AOA); Impulse Radio (IR); Ultra-Wideband (UWB); Real Time Localization System (RTLS).

— The presented article exhibits a novel compact sized monopole Ultra-WideBand antenna with dual band-notch characteristic having size of 19x11x1.6mm 3. The antenna is fed using microstrip line on the backside of the substrate and shorted through a 0.5mm radius pin to the patch on top of the substrate. The U-shaped (crescent) slot embedded in the patch and the U-shaped slot in the microstrip feed line are used to reject the WIMAX band (3.3GHz-3.8GHz) and X-band Downlink range (7.25GHz-7.85GHz), respectively. The proposed antenna has been printed on low cost FR4 substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6mm. Moreover, the fabricated prototype antenna shows good agreement between the simulated and measured results.

- by Zeeshan Ahmed
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- Microstrip Antennas, Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications

A printed semi-elliptic monopole slot antenna for use in ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems is presented. The antenna features a coplanar waveguide signal strip terminated with a semi-elliptic stub and a modified ground plane to achieve wide bandwidth from 2.85–20 GHz. An exhaustive study of the radiation characteristics of this antenna in the frequency and time domains are presented. Design equations are derived and experimentally validated. Transient analysis indicates linear phase response and minimum dispersion to the transmitted pulse. The proposed radiator is omnidirectional with appreciable gain throughout the band. Index Terms—Coplanar waveguide (CPW) antennas, monopole, planar antenna, slot antenna, ultrawideband (UWB).

- by Gopikrishna Madanan and +1
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- Metamaterials, Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications, Microwave filters, Microwaves
- by Sabira Khatun
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- Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications

The problem of synthesis and analysis of circular antenna array for the
azimuth scanning in ultra-wide band (more than 1:100) is considered. The review of
UWB radiators used as the elements of antenna arrays is given. The results of the
matching characteristics analysis of various modifications of TEM horns have been
obtained with the use of a numerical-analytical theory and FEM are given. Numerical
modeling of the matching characteristics of and radiation of a circular antenna array
of asymmetrical loop TEM horns as elements is done. Comparison of the results of
numerical simulation and physical experiment is conducted.

The goal of this paper is to design and develop of an ultra-wideband (UWB) hybrid coupler with a variable phase shift (90 degree to 180 degree and vice-versa) which operates around the resonant frequency of 3.8 GHz required for 5G applications. The design approach is based on the microstrip waveguide technique with localized lumped elements to control the phase shift between outputs ports. The proposed coupler is planar etched onto a Rogers RT substrate with an overall size of 50 × 42 × 1.6 mm 3 and dielectric constant =. . The performance of the coupler can be seen from its important characteristics: Adaptation, Coupling, Isolation and Phase shifter.

In this paper, we proposed a tri-band microstrip Bandpass Filter (BPF) for the application of GSM (1.8GHz), WiMAX (2.86GHz) and UWB (3.32– 5.12GHz). By integrating two narrow passbands filter with UWB filter; a tri-band response is achieved. The filter response performance is improved by introducing the asymmetric SIRs with Defected Ground structure (DGS). An appearance of transmission zeroes of the proposed structure guarantee the sharpness, the skirts of scattering parameters of triple-band Band pass filter (BPF). The proposed filter shows very low return loss of -42.57 dB, insertion loss of -0.04dB, and compact which shows that the filter is more efficient

- by Sahadev Roy and +1
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- IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), GSM, WiMAX, LTE, Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications, GSM network

Channel measurements are generally the basis for channel models. Strictly speaking, channel models do not exclusively require measurements, but it is a fact that all standardized models are derived from measurements. This licentiate paper is focused on the characterization of ultra-wideband wireless channels. The paper presents the characterization of ultra wide band system with their benefits and drawbacks within the telecommunication industry. Furthermore with the advantages of Ultra wideband several modulation techniques for UWB are discussed in this paper.

Using an asymptotic solution to the 2D diffraction problem for the open end of a horn, the method transverse sections, and the results of the numerical analysis, a numerical-analytical model for matching of symmetric TEM horns is built. The finite element method is used to estimate the accuracy of this model. The model is used to find optimum values of the input and output characteristic impedances as well as the variation law of this impedance along the horn length optimal from the viewpoint of obtaining the minimum value of the low-frequency boundary of matching at a level of −10 dB for a semiinfinite frequency band. The finite element method is used to refine the values of the determined parameters. Matching characteristics of synthesized horns are compared with available results.

SAR calculation for UWB textile antenna is reported in this paper. This paper presents simulation results of the antenna performance at the conditions of free space and placement at a distance from a portion of a human body. A summary of measurement results of the return loss of the antenna is also included. The simulated S11 parameter shows that the antenna operates within the range 2.25 GHz and 12.19. The measured return loss has shown that the antenna can operate 3.04 GHz-10.3 GHz giving a bandwidth of 108%. The performance antenna near to a human body has been simulated and examined. The SAR 10 g has been evaluated using a four-layer body model.

UWB communication system is a new high performance technique with low power consumption which has a large application for very high data rates in wireless telecommunications. In this paper, the image transfer techniques using MIMO-UWB wireless environment is introduced in MDC deals. This idea is new and so far that there is no record of it. First, direct sequence ultra wide band performance techniques are analyzed for channels fading. Image transmission is then implemented with multiple description coding and with no multiple descriptions coding of image. The method of multiple description coding ensures that the version that the loss does not need to retransmit the missing version and acceptable quality of image obtain against the channel errors. Send a picture of the proposed system with different number of transmitter and receiver antennas have been numerous experiments confirm the success of the method. Experimental results show that the desired goals are reached.

This paper presents the implementation ofan Impulse Radio Ultra Wide Band (IR-UWB) communication system based on Orthogonal Amplitude Modulation (OAM) on the FPGA board (Field ProgrammableGate Array). The Orthogonal Amplitude Modulationis a new modulation technique that provides a highdata rate transmission, using the orthogonal waveforms named MGF (ModifiedGegenbaeur Function).In this work, the FPGA card and the converters DAC(Digital-to-Analog Converter) and ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) are considered to perform the implementation. The system is running in the simulation field andin the real system on the hardware equipment.The obtained results show that the implementation ofUWB-OAM system on FPGA board is running well andprovide a high-real time computations system.

Dans le cadre de reseaux corporels sans fil (WBAN), l'impact de la mobilité des nœuds sur l'estimation de leur position n'est pas prise en compte, en particulier, lors de la conception des protocoles MAC. Les positions étant estimées avec le protocole '3-Way Ranging', nous quantifions l’impact de la mobilité avec l’erreur quadratique moyenne par rapport a des positions attendues. Afin de minimiser cet impact, nous proposons différentes stratégies d’allocation des slots utilisant une couche MAC TDMA et les évaluons avec un modèle de mobilité réaliste. Nous montrons que l’impact de la mobilité peut être limitée en utilisant une approche d’agrégation et de diffusion des messages lors de l’estimation des distances, et un schéma d’ordonnancement efficace qui prend en considération la vitesse de mobilité des nœuds.

- by Arturo Guizar and +1
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- Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications, Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN), Localisation, Motion Capture

A new small circular patch antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications is presented. By studying this structure, it is shown that the insertion of a slot with the desired length and width in the ground plane, can lead to a large bandwidth. Our antenna, whose dimensions are 18×12×1.58 mm3, was fed by an SMA female connector with characteristic impedance of 50Ω in order to measure the return loss and VSWR and to compare them with the simulation results. The bandwidth obtained from measurements ranges from 3.52 to 13.67 GHz for VSWR < 2 and from 3.26 GHzto14.23GHz for VSWR < 3. The radiation pattern is omnidirectional on most of the operating band. High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) was used for simulation whose results are in good agreement with the measured parameters.

- by Hassan Ammor
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- Computer Science, Compact City, Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications, Microstrip

- by jaouad terhzaz
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- Compact City, Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications, Microstrip, VSWR

A smart city exploits sustainable information and communication technologies to improve the quality and the performance of urban services for citizens and government, while reducing resources consumption. Intelligent energy control in buildings is an important aspect in this. The Internet of Things can provide a solution. It aims to connect numerous heterogeneous devices through the internet, for which it needs a flexible layered architecture where the things, the people and the cloud services are combined to facilitate an application task. Such flexible IoT hierarchical architecture model will be introduced in this paper with an overview of each key component for intelligent energy control in buildings for smart cities. y p y [ ]

A small-size microstrip-fed multi-band planar monopole antenna is presented. The base of the proposed antenna is a diamond-shaped-patch (DSP) that covers the ultrawideband (UWB) frequency range. To create a multi-band antenna, several narrow strips, acting as resonance paths, can be integrated with the DSP antenna. It is shown that by removing the centre part of the DSP antenna, without distorting the UWB behavior, quarter-wavelength strips can be added to the notched region. This will not affect the dimension of the base antenna. The designed quad-band antenna has a substrate size of 16 22 mm and covers the frequency bands 1.3, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.1-10.6 GHz which includes GPS, GSM, WLAN and UWB. Dual-, triple-and quad-band antennas are simulated and good results are obtained. The antennas have omnidirectional and stable radiation patterns across all the relevant bands. Moreover, relatively consistent group delays across the UWB frequencies are noticed for the base, dual-and triple-band antennas, and slightly distorted for the quad-band antenna. A prototype of the quad-band antenna is fabricated and measured results are compared with simulated results. Index Terms-Monopole antenna, multi-band antenna, ultrawideband (UWB) antenna, wireless communication frequencies.

- by Sabira Khatun
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- Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications

A compact design of ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with dual band-notched characteristics based on split-ring resonators (SRR) are investigated in this paper. The wider impedance bandwidth (from 2.73 to 11.34 GHz) is obtained by using two symmetrical slits in the radiating patch and another slit in the partial ground plane. The dual band-notch rejection at WLAN and X-band downlink satellite communication system are obtained by inserting a modified U-strip on the radiating patch at 5.5 GHz and embedding a pair of rectangular SRRs on both sides of the microstrip feed line at 7.5 GHz, respectively. The proposed antenna is simulated and tested using CST MWS high frequency simulator and exhibits the advantages of compact size, simple design and each notched frequency band can be controlled independently by using the SRR geometrical parameters. Therefore, the parametric study is carried out to understand the mutual coupling between the dual band-notched elements. To validate simulation resu...

Nowadays, population growth and expansion into geologically unstable areas is raising hydrogeological risk in Europe. In addition, an increase of landslide events is expected in the future due to climate change and the ever increasing exploitation of underground resources is bound to augment subsidence rates and areas. Thus, there is a clear need for tools able to reduce such risks. Continuous and reliable field monitoring, possibly associated with early warning systems, are essential tools for hazard assessment and ground instability risk management (Intrieri et al., 2012). Within this framework, “Wi-GIM: Wireless sensor network for ground instability monitoring” project, a LIFE+ European project (LIFE12 ENV/IT/001033) was born. Its aim is the implementation of a low-cost, accurate and flexible wireless sensor network for ground deformation monitoring by means of an innovative integration of two radio technologies: 1) the LB technology used for the acquisition of the 3D coordinates of the sensor position with an error radius with meter magnitude; 2) the CWR, able to decrease the error radius down to centimeter magnitude. The working principle of Wi-GIM is to create a mesh of slave nodes whose position is triangulated during time by master nodes, which measure and transmit these data that can then be used to obtain 3D displacement maps. We expect that Wi-GIM can work either in conjunction with traditional monitoring systems or substituting them in areas where the available resources are scarce, giving the local authorities and Civil Protection a useful tool for understanding landslide dynamics and for furnishing early warnings. In order to demonstrate the applicability of Wi-GIM to such landslides and subsidence alike, two case studies have been carefully selected: Roncovetro landslide (Emilia Romagna, Italy) and Sallent (Catalunya, Spain).

- by Emanuele Intrieri
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- Engineering, Slope Stability, Environmental Monitoring, Landslides

A finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) analysis of a polygonal Fractal Antenna with Uniaxial Perfectly Matched Layer (UPML) boundary conditions is presented in this paper. The software simulations are performed on the same fractal antenna using Ie3d software which works on Method of Moments (MoM). The results from FDTD simulations and ie3d nearly matches. Impact of the fractal antenna on bandwidth improvement is observed and analysed. A parametric study is performed to locate the optimum feed point for Ultra-Wideband (UWB) operation. and bandwidth enhancement is observed ranging from 2.2 GHz to 9.8 GHz making it suitable for UWB Applications the comparative study is performed by taking the bandwidth gain and volume of the antenna. The problem in implementing the geometry in FDTD involving sloped edges leading to the error due to staircase approximation is also discussed. The efficiency of the antenna is between 80% to 90% in the entire band. The gain of the antenna in the final iteration is increased up to 6 dB, Axial ratio is below 1.2dB and the directivity is above 6.5 dB.

The Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) is becoming a very significant downlink multiple access technique for high-rate data transmission in the fourth generation wireless communication systems. By means of efficient resource allocation higher data rate i.e. throughput can be achieved. This paper evaluates the performance of group (subchannel) allocation criteria employed in downlink transmission, which results in throughput maximization. Proposed algorithm gives the modified technique of sub channel allocation in the downlink transmission of MC-CDMA systems. Simulation are carried out for all the three combining schemes, results shows that for the given power and BER proposed algorithm comparatively gives far better results .

Current wireless communication systems strongly need to know whether a line-of-sight (LOS) or non-LOS (NLOS) path is present between transmitter and receiver. The next generation wireless communication and localisation systems will require a more accurate environment identification in order to ensure a given level of QoS. In this paper we introduce a new environment identification technique which is able to identify not only the LOS/NLOS condition but also the typology of environment in which the transmitter and receiver operate: this allows both a more accurate localisation of all the users and a proper configuration of the receiver to best adapt to the propagation (cognitive approach) or network (cooperative approach) conditions. Unlike the techniques previously discussed in the literature, the one herein proposed does not require any estimation (ex. of channel parameters), while it is only based on a statistical analysis of the raw received UWB probe signal.

A typical problem in industrial applications is the localisation and tracking of goods in a warehouse as well as the monitoring of machines moving along production lines. The emerging ultra wideband (UWB) technology is a very promising solution since it can be used in hostile environment where traditional radio frequency systems have problems to work because of the severe multipath effect. In this paper exhaustive experimental measurements of a UWB real-time localisation system in industrial environments are presented. The accuracy of the positioning system with static and moving objects and persons is investigated. The accuracy is tested by changing the localisation technique (ToA, TDoA, TDoA+AoA), the cell shape and dimensions, the heights of the sensors in the cell, etc. The accuracy is measured both when the tag is hooked on a metallic object and when it is worn by a person. Finally, in this paper two new algorithms to avoid collisions between moving objects are proposed.

- by Federico Trippi and +1
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- Real-time Systems, Wireless Sensor Networks, Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications, Indoor Localization
- by Lorenzo Mucchi
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- Diversity, Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications, Polarization
- by Ali Foudazi
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- Antennas, Microwave, Electromagnetics, Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications

В статье проведены исследование и оптимизации нового
(полигонального) ТЕМ рупора с целью получения максимального коэффициента использования размера (КИР). Оптимизация проведена с использованием строгого численного решения задачи методом конечных элементов. Приводятся характеристики согласования и излучения
оптимизированной антенны.
Design of the novel polygon UWB TEM horn studied and optimized for maximize of effective dimensions in the article. Design obtained by optimizing with the help exact numerical method – Finite Element Method. Numerical modeling of
the matching characteristics and radiation of the proposed design is done.

- by He Lin
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- Ultra-wideband (UWB) Communications

Este artículo realiza una revisión del estado del arte de la tecnología basada en canales de Banda Ultra Ancha (UWB, Ultra–Wideband) enfocándose en su regulación, estandarización, aplicaciones básicas, modelo de canal IEEE 802.15.4a y simulación de la respuesta impulsiva de este tipo de canal. También se pretende introducir al lector en las tecnologías basadas en canales IR–UWB y en los parámetros para el modelamiento y simulación del canal UWB IEEE 802.15.4a.

- by Revista Ingeniería y Ciencia
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- Telecommunications Engineering, Mathematics, Physics, Statistics