X-ray diffraction (Materials Characterisation) Research Papers (original) (raw)

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  • Xray Diffraction, X-ray Diffraction, X-ray diffraction (Materials Characterisation), Diffraction

Abstract: Nanophosphor β-Zn2SiO4:Mn with bright yellow light emission were synthesized by a sol–gel process. These samples were prepared by a simple solid-phase reaction under natural atmosphere at 1500 °C after the incorporation of... more

Abstract:
Nanophosphor β-Zn2SiO4:Mn with bright yellow light emission were synthesized by a sol–gel process. These samples were prepared by a simple solid-phase reaction under natural atmosphere at 1500 °C after the incorporation of ZnO:Mn nanoparticles, in silica monolith. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the phase purity, particle size and morphology. In addition photoluminescence (PL) was used for optical study. The PL spectrum for the β-Zn2SiO4:Mn nanophosphors showed a dominant peak at 574 nm, which originated from the 4T1 → 6A1 transitions of Mn2+ ions. The level of manganese doping did not greatly affect the crystallinity, but did affect the luminescence of nanophosphors. Upon 255 nm excitation, the luminescence decay time of the yellow emission of β-Zn2SiO4 with a Mn doping concentration of 2 at.% around 574 nm is 13 ms. The characteristics of crystallinity, morphology and luminescence property of the obtained nanophosphors were investigated.

• • by OMRI Karim
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  • Nanocomposites, Nanoparticles, Photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction (Materials Characterisation)
• • by Sergey Podorov
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  • Xray Diffraction, X-ray Diffraction, X-ray diffraction (Materials Characterisation)

An archaeometric study has been conducted on the handmade pottery recovered at Sant Jaume by combining different analytical techniques (XRF, XRD, SEM). The results show that all ceramics were produced by using the same technical... more

An archaeometric study has been conducted on the handmade pottery recovered at Sant Jaume by
combining different analytical techniques (XRF, XRD, SEM). The results show that all ceramics were
produced by using the same technical tradition: a clay paste enriched with crushed calcite as temper,
fired at low firing temperatures. This tradition was used in all different ceramic types regardless of
their function. Moreover, several provenances have also been identified. Therefore, we propose the
existence of local and regional networks for handmade pottery production and distribution, something
that changes the nowadays assumption of local production.

• • by David Garcia i Rubert
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  • Scanning Electron Microscopy, Ceramic Analysis (Archaeology), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy, Iron Age Iberian Peninsula (Archaeology)

The three-dimensional microstructure of polycrystalline materials unravelled by synchrotron light Synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging and diffraction techniques offer new possibilities for non-destructive bulk characterization of... more

The three-dimensional microstructure of polycrystalline materials unravelled by synchrotron light Synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging and diffraction techniques offer new possibilities for non-destructive bulk characterization of polycrystalline materials. Minute changes in electron density (different crystallographic phases, cracks, porosities) can be detected using 3D imaging modes exploiting Fresnel diffraction and the coherence properties of third generation synchrotron beams. X-ray diffraction contrast tomography, a technique based on Bragg diffraction imaging, provides access to the 3D shape, orientation and elastic strain state of the individual grains from polycrystalline sample volumes containing several hundred up to a few thousand grains. Combining both imaging modalities allows a comprehensive description of the microstructure of the material at the micrometer length scale. Repeated observations during (interrupted) mechanical tests provide unprecedented insight into crystallographic and grain microstructure related aspects of polycrystal deformation and degradation mechanisms in materials, fulfilling some conditions on grain size and deformation state

• • by James Marrow
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  • Computed Tomography, X-ray diffraction (Materials Characterisation)

Our present work deals with the formation and thermal behavior of a nonbulk alloy phase confined within about 8 nm across the interfaces of Au/Cu multilayer systems. These multilayers deposited on silicon and float glass by DC magnetron... more

Our present work deals with the formation and thermal behavior of a nonbulk alloy phase confined within about 8 nm across the interfaces of Au/Cu multilayer systems. These multilayers deposited on silicon and float glass by DC magnetron sputtering have been studied by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM). Along with the highly oriented growth of the Cu and Au layers along [111], Cu 3 Au alloy was found to be present only at the Cu/Au ...

• • by Alokmay Datta
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  • Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Materials Science, Statistical Mechanics

An investigation on the crystallisation of a whitlockite type orthophosphate phase in a calcium phosphosilicate glass frit with the molar composition (3CaO⋅P2O5)20(SiO2)35(MgO)38.354(K2O)6.646 was made. Isothermal heat treatments at... more

An investigation on the crystallisation of a whitlockite type orthophosphate phase in a calcium phosphosilicate glass frit with the molar composition (3CaO⋅P2O5)20(SiO2)35(MgO)38.354(K2O)6.646 was made. Isothermal heat treatments at different temperatures combined with XRD and SEM analysis of the glass ceramics have shown that in glass frits of this composition the whitlockite type orthophosphate phase, Ca9MgK(PO4)7 develops from earlier crystalline phosphate phase precursors, namely from oxyapatite (OAp), the ideal composition being Ca5(PO4)3O. This OAp phase seems to evolve from a previous tricalcium phosphate phase, Ca3(PO4)2 (TCP).

• • by Carlos Araújo Queiroz
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  • Biomaterials Engineering, Materials Science, Biomedical Engineering, Microstructure
• • by Henry Proudhon
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  • Computed Tomography, X-ray diffraction (Materials Characterisation), CHEMICAL SCIENCES
• • by Luana Perioli and +1
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  • Usability, Rheology, Nanotechnology, Drug Delivery System
• • by Carlos Araújo Queiroz
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  • Materials Science, Glass, Materials, X-ray Diffraction

In this study, a new method to synthesize neodymium doped ceria ceramic nanopowders by the electrospinning of the hybrid polymers solution of their composite precursor was put forward. Calcined and sintered nanopowders were characterized... more

In this study, a new method to synthesize neodymium doped ceria ceramic nanopowders by the electrospinning of the hybrid polymers solution of their composite precursor was put forward. Calcined and sintered nanopowders were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, BET, SEM, and AFM techniques. According to the XRD analysis, the obtained powders are single phase and independent of the dopant concentration in the range investigated. The crystallite sizes were calculated using Scherrer equation. Moreover, lattice parameters, dislocation densities and microstrain values were calculated. BET results show that the increase of the neodymium doped content decrease the surface area of the composite powders, confirming the highly ordered micro and mesostructure. SEM and AFM results show that the samples have spherical grains. According to the surface roughness measurements, the increase in the amount of neodymium and the decrease in the amount of cerium decreased the surface roughness.

• • by Arda Aytimur
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  • Microstructure, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Electrospinning, Atomic Force Microscopy
• • by Abdallah Ougazzaden
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  • Engineering, Materials Science, Technology, Semiconductor Nanostructures
• • by MUSTAFA ÖZTÜRK
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  • Engineering, Materials Engineering, Polymer Engineering, Chemical Engineering
• • by Andrew King
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  • Computed Tomography, X-ray diffraction (Materials Characterisation), CHEMICAL SCIENCES
• • by subhendu sarkar
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  • Materials Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Physics, Condensed Matter Physics

Tomographic Energy-Dispersive Diffraction Imaging (TEDDI) enables a unique non-destructive mapping of the interior of bulk objects, exploiting the full range of X-ray signals (diffraction, fluorescence, scattering, background) recorded.... more

Tomographic Energy-Dispersive Diffraction Imaging (TEDDI) enables a unique non-destructive mapping of the interior of bulk objects, exploiting the full range of X-ray signals (diffraction, fluorescence, scattering, background) recorded. By analogy to optical imaging, a wide variety of features (structure, composition, orientation, strain) dispersed in X-ray wavelengths can be extracted and colour-coded to aid interpretation. The ultimate aim of this approach is to realise real-time high-definition colour X-ray diffraction imaging, on the timescales of seconds, so that one will be able to 'look inside' optically opaque apparatus and unravel the space/time-evolution of the materials chemistry taking place. This will impact strongly on many fields of science but there are currently two barriers to this goal: speed of data acquisition (a 2D scan currently takes minutes to hours) and loss of image definition through spatial distortion of the X-ray sampling volume. Here we present a data-collection scenario and reconstruction routine which overcomes the latter barrier and which has been successfully applied to a phantom test object and to real materials systems such as a carbonating cement block. These procedures are immediately transferable to the promising technology of multi-energy-dispersive-detector-arrays which are planned to deliver the other breakthrough, that of one-two orders of magnitude improvement in data acquisition rates, that will be needed to realise real-time high-definition colour X-ray diffraction imaging.

• • by Paul Barnes
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  • Algorithms, Materials Science, Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry

Μετά από τις τρεις πρόσφατες εκδόσεις που αφορούν στην οικονομία των Κυκλάδων και ειδικότερα της Μήλου κατά την αρχαιότητα-του ΢ωτήρη Ραπτόπουλου («Κυκλάδες νήσοι – ΢υμβολή στην οικονομική τους ιστορία κατά την Ελληνιστική και... more

Μετά από τις τρεις πρόσφατες εκδόσεις που αφορούν στην οικονομία των Κυκλάδων και ειδικότερα της Μήλου κατά την αρχαιότητα-του ΢ωτήρη Ραπτόπουλου («Κυκλάδες νήσοι – ΢υμβολή στην οικονομική τους ιστορία κατά την Ελληνιστική και Αυτοκρατορική εποχή», Σρίπολις 2014), της Ε. LE QUÉRÉ («Les Cyclades sous l'Empire romain. Histoire d'une renaissance», Paris 2015) και των Ε. Photos-Jones – A. Hall (" Eros, Mercator and the Cultural Landscape of Melos in Antiquity " , Glasgow 2014), κρίνω ότι έφθασε η στιγμή να δώσω στη δημοσιότητα αυτούσιο ένα κείμενο που διεσκεύασα πολλές φορές μέχρι σήμερα, και παρουσίασα σε συντετμημένη μορφή, δίχως τους αναλυτικούς πίνακες που το συνόδευαν στην αρχή. Ακολουθούν, στο ίδιο pdf, οι σχετικές μου ανακοινώσεις από το 1997 μέχρι σήμερα, μαζί και η ανέκδοτη ανακοίνωσή μου στο συνέδριο X-RAY ARCHAEOMETRY, Tokyo 2002.

• • by Sotirios Raptopoulos
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  • Archaeology, Materials Science, Historical Archaeology, Pottery (Archaeology)

Tomographic Energy-Dispersive Diffraction Imaging (TEDDI) enables a unique non-destructive mapping of the interior of bulk objects, exploiting the full range of X-ray signals (diffraction, fluorescence, scattering, background) recorded.... more

Tomographic Energy-Dispersive Diffraction Imaging (TEDDI) enables a unique non-destructive mapping of the interior of bulk objects, exploiting the full range of X-ray signals (diffraction, fluorescence, scattering, background) recorded. By analogy to optical imaging, a wide variety of features (structure, composition, orientation, strain) dispersed in X-ray wavelengths can be extracted and colour-coded to aid interpretation. The ultimate aim of this approach is to realise real-time high-definition colour X-ray diffraction imaging, on the timescales of seconds, so that one will be able to ‘look inside’ optically opaque apparatus and unravel the space/time-evolution of the materials chemistry taking place. This will impact strongly on many fields of science but there are currently two barriers to this goal: speed of data acquisition (a 2D scan currently takes minutes to hours) and loss of image definition through spatial distortion of the X-ray sampling volume. Here we present a data-collection scenario and reconstruction routine which overcomes the latter barrier and which has been successfully applied to a phantom test object and to real materials systems such as a carbonating cement block. These procedures are immediately transferable to the promising technology of multi-energy-dispersive-detector-arrays which are planned to deliver the other breakthrough, that of one–two orders of magnitude improvement in data acquisition rates, that will be needed to realise real-time high-definition colour X-ray diffraction imaging.

• • by Taha Sochi
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  • Algorithms, Materials Science, Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry