Epistilbite (original) (raw)
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
About EpistilbiteHide
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Formula:
CaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Colour:
Colorless, white, pinkish, yellowish
Specific Gravity:
2.22 - 2.28
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
From the Greek 'epi' for 'near' and the similar mineral stilbite. Although there are characteristics shared with stilbite, and both are zeolites, epistilbite is a completely distinct mineral.
Unique IdentifiersHide
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Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1391:4
1d2fe17f-258f-4044-abd8-04ad16cf8fd3
IMA Classification of EpistilbiteHide
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Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Ca3[Si18Al6O48] · 16H2O
Type description reference:
Classification of EpistilbiteHide
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9.GD.45
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
D : Chains of 6-membered rings – tabular zeolites
77.1.6.2
77 : TECTOSILICATES Zeolites
1 : Zeolite group - True zeolites
16.9.26
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
9 : Aluminosilicates of Ca
Mineral SymbolsHide
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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Estb | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of EpistilbiteHide
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Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colorless, white, pinkish, yellowish
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {010}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
2.22 - 2.28 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.266 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of EpistilbiteHide
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RI values:
_n_α = 1.502 _n_β = 1.510 _n_γ = 1.512
2V:
Measured: 44° , Calculated: 52°
δ = 0.010
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Optical Extinction:
Y = b; Z ∧ c ≃ -10°; X ∧ a = 11°.
Chemistry of EpistilbiteHide
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Mindat Formula:
CaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Common Impurities:
Fe,Mg,Na,K
Crystallography of EpistilbiteHide
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Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.08 Å, b = 17.74 Å, c = 10.25 Å
β = 124.5°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.512 : 1 : 0.578
Unit Cell V:
1,360.68 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Crystals prismatic; spherulitic, sheaflike aggregates
Twinning:
Always on {100}, {110} penetration crosses
Comment:
Point Group: 2/m; m; or 2:; Space Group: C2/m; Cm; or C2:
Crystallographic forms of EpistilbiteHide
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Crystal Atlas:
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Crystal StructureHide
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| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0006621 | Epistilbite | Yang P, Armbruster T (1996) (010) disorder, partial Si,Al ordering, and Ca distribution in triclinic (C1) epistilbite European Journal of Mineralogy 8 263-271 | 1996 | Gibelsbach, Fiesch (Valais, Switzerland) | 0 | 293 | |
| 0006967 | Epistilbite | Cruciani G, Martucci A, Meneghini C (2003) Dehydration dynamics of epistilbite by in situ time resolved synchrotron powder diffraction European Journal of Mineralogy 15 257-266 | 2003 | 0 | 323 | ||
| 0006968 | Epistilbite | Cruciani G, Martucci A, Meneghini C (2003) Dehydration dynamics of epistilbite by in situ time resolved synchrotron powder diffraction European Journal of Mineralogy 15 257-266 | 2003 | 0 | 429 | ||
| 0006969 | Epistilbite | Cruciani G, Martucci A, Meneghini C (2003) Dehydration dynamics of epistilbite by in situ time resolved synchrotron powder diffraction European Journal of Mineralogy 15 257-266 | 2003 | 0 | 528 | ||
| 0006970 | Epistilbite | Cruciani G, Martucci A, Meneghini C (2003) Dehydration dynamics of epistilbite by in situ time resolved synchrotron powder diffraction European Journal of Mineralogy 15 257-266 | 2003 | 0 | 666 | ||
| 0014448 | Epistilbite | Perrotta A J (1967) The crystal structure of epistilbite Mineralogical Magazine 36 480-490 |  |
1967 | Teigarhorn, Iceland | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide
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Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.45 Å | (100) |
| 8.89 Å | (90) |
| 3.21 Å | (90) |
| 3.87 Å | (70) |
| 4.91 Å | (65) |
| 6.89 Å | (60) |
| 2.917 Å | (60) |
Geological EnvironmentHide
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Geological Setting:
Cavities in basalts and gneisses
Type Occurrence of EpistilbiteHide
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Geological Setting of Type Material:
cavities in basalts and gneisses.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Rose, G. (1826) Ueber den epistilbit, eine neue zur familie der zeolithe gehörige mineralgattung. Annalen der Physik: 6: 183-190.
Synonyms of EpistilbiteHide
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Other Language Names for EpistilbiteHide
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Relationship of Epistilbite to other SpeciesHide
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Other Members of this group:
| Alflarsenite | NaCa2Be3Si4O13(OH) · 2H2O | Mon. 2 : _P_21 |
|---|---|---|
| Amicite | K2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O | Mon. 2 |
| Ammonioleucite | (NH4)(AlSi2O6) | Tet. 4/m : _I_41/a |
| Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| Bellbergite | (K,Ba,Sr)2Sr2Ca2(Ca,Na)4[Al3Si3O12]6 · 30H2O | Hex. |
| Bikitaite | LiAlSi2O6 · H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| Boggsite | Ca8Na3(Si,Al)96O192 · 70H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : I m m a |
| Brewsterite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Chabazite-Levyne Subgroup | M[Al2Si4O12] · 6H2O | |
| Chiavennite | CaMnBe2Si5O13(OH)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| Clinoptilolite Subgroup | M3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O | |
| Cowlesite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| Dachiardite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Direnzoite | NaK6MgCa2(Al13Si47O120) · 36H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P m m n |
| Edingtonite | Ba[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O | Orth. 222 : _P_212121 |
| Erionite Subgroup | M2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O | |
| Faujasite Subgroup | M3.5[Al7Si17O48] · 32H2O | |
| Ferrierite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Ferrochiavennite | Ca1-2Fe[(Si,Al,Be)5Be2O13(OH)2] · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| Flörkeite | (K3Ca2Na)[Al8Si8O32] · 12H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| Garronite Subgroup | ||
| Gaultite | Na4Zn2Si7O18 · 5H2O | Orth. m _m_2 : F d _d_2 |
| Gismondine Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Gmelinite Subgroup | In 1997, gmelinite was split into Gmelinite-Ca, Gmelinite-Na and Gmelinite-K. | |
| Gobbinsite | Na5(Si11Al5)O32 · 11H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a |
| Goosecreekite | Ca[Al2Si6O16] · 5H2O | Mon. 2 : _P_21 |
| Gottardiite | Na3Mg3Ca5Al19Si117O272 · 93H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : C m c a |
| Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O | |
| Hsianghualite | Ca3Li2(Be3Si3O12)F2 | Iso. 432 : _I_4132 |
| Kirchhoffite | Cs(BSi2O6) | Tet. 4/m m m _(_4/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _I_41/a c d |
| Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| Loomisite | Ba[Be2P2O8] · H2O | Mon. m |
| Lovdarite | K2Na6Be4Si14O36 · 9H2O | Orth. m _m_2 |
| Maricopaite | Pb7Ca2(Si,Al)48O100 · 32H2O | Orth. |
| Martinandresite | Ba2(Al4Si12O32) · 10H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P m m n |
| Mazzite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Merlinoite | (K,Na)5(Ca,Ba)2Al9Si23O64 · 23H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : I m m m |
| Montesommaite | (K,Na)9Al9Si23O64 · 10H2O | Orth. m _m_2 : F d _d_2 |
| Mordenite | (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O | Orth. |
| Mutinaite | Na3Ca4Si85Al11O192 · 60H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a |
| Nabesite | Na2BeSi4O10 · 4H2O | Orth. 222 : _P_212121 |
| Natrolite Subgroup | A subgroup of the Zeolite Group. | |
| Offretite | KCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O | Hex. 6_m_2 : _P_6_m_2 |
| Pahasapaite | Li8(Ca,Li,K)10.5Be24(PO4)24 · 38H2O | Iso. 23 : _I_23 |
| Parthéite | Ca2(Si4Al4) O15 (OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b |
| Paulingite Subgroup | Paulingite was originally described in 1960. | |
| Perlialite | K9Na(Ca,Sr)[Al2Si4O12]6 · 15H2O | Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_6/m m m |
| Phillipsite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
| Pollucite | (Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O | Iso. m_3_m _(_4/_m_32/m ) : I a_3_d |
| Roggianite | Ca2Be(OH)2Al2Si4O13 · 2.5H2O | Tet. 4/m m m _(_4/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _I_4/m c m |
| Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O | |
| Terranovaite | (Na,Ca)8(Si68Al12)O160 · 29H2O | Orth. |
| Thomsonite Subgroup | The large majority of "thomsonite" is thomsonite-Ca. | |
| Tschernichite | (Ca,Na2)[Al2Si4O12] · 4-8H2O | Tet. 4/m m m _(_4/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_4/m m m |
| Tschörtnerite | Ca4(Ca,Sr,K,Ba)3Cu3[Al3Si3O12]4(OH)8 · nH2O | Iso. m_3_m _(_4/_m_32/m ) : F m_3_m |
| UM1996-38-SiO:AlCaHNa | Na-Ca-Al-Si-O-H | |
| UM1999-33-SiO:AlHKNa | K7Na5Al12Si20O64 · 24H2O | |
| UM2002-40-SiO:AlCaHKMgNa | (Mg,Ca,Na,K)7.5(Al12.8Si51.2)O128 · 65H2O | Tet. 422 : _P_4122 |
| Unnamed (Ca analogue of Merlinoite) | (Ca,K,Na)5(Ca,Ba)2Al9Si23O64 · 23H2O ? | |
| Wairakite | Ca(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| Weinebeneite | CaBe3(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. m : B b |
| Wenkite | (Ba,K)4(Ca,Na)6[(Si,Al)20O39(OH)2](SO4)3 · 0.5H2O | Hex. 6_m_2 : P_62_m |
| Willhendersonite | KCa[Al3Si3O12] · 5H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| Yugawaralite | CaAl2Si6O16 · 4H2O | Mon. m : P b |
Common AssociatesHide
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Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide
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| 9.GD.05 | Gmelinite-Ca | Ca2(Si8Al4)O24 · 11H2O | Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9.GD.05 | Gmelinite-K | K4(Si8Al4O24) · 11H2O | Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c |
| 9.GD.05 | Gmelinite-Na | Na4(Si8Al4)O24 · 11H2O | Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c |
| 9.GD.10 | Willhendersonite | KCa[Al3Si3O12] · 5H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| 9.GD.10 | Chabazite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| 9.GD.10 | Chabazite-K | (K2,Ca,Na2,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O | Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : R_3_m |
| 9.GD.10 | Chabazite-Na | (Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O | Trig. 3_m_ : R_3_m |
| 9.GD.10 | Chabazite-Sr | Sr2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O | Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : R_3_m |
| 9.GD.10 | Chabazite-Mg | (Mg0.7K0.5Ca0.5Na0.1)[Al3Si9O24] · 10H2O | Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : R_3_m |
| 9.GD.15 | Lévyne-Ca | (Ca,Na2,K2)[Al2Si4O12] · 6H2O | Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : R_3_m |
| 9.GD.15 | Lévyne-Na | (Na2,Ca,K2)[Al2Si4O12] · 6H2O | Trig. 3_m_ _(_32/m ) : R_3_m |
| 9.GD.20 | Bellbergite | (K,Ba,Sr)2Sr2Ca2(Ca,Na)4[Al3Si3O12]6 · 30H2O | Hex. |
| 9.GD.20 | Erionite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O | Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c |
| 9.GD.20 | Erionite-K | (K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O | Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c |
| 9.GD.20 | Erionite-Na | (Na2,K2,Ca)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O | Hex. 6/m m m _(_6/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : _P_63/m m c |
| 9.GD.25 | Offretite | KCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O | Hex. 6_m_2 : _P_6_m_2 |
| 9.GD.25 | Wenkite | (Ba,K)4(Ca,Na)6[(Si,Al)20O39(OH)2](SO4)3 · 0.5H2O | Hex. 6_m_2 : P_62_m |
| 9.GD.30 | Faujasite-Ca | (Ca,Na2,Mg)3.5[Al7Si17O48] · 32H2O | Iso. m_3_m _(_4/_m_32/m ) : F d_3_m |
| 9.GD.30 | Faujasite-Mg | (Mg,Na2,Ca)3.5[Al7Si17O48] · 32H2O | Iso. m_3_m _(_4/_m_32/m ) : F d_3_m |
| 9.GD.30 | Faujasite-Na | (Na2,Ca,Mg)3.5[Al7Si17O48] · 32H2O | Iso. m_3_m _(_4/_m_32/m ) : F d_3_m |
| 9.GD.35 | Maricopaite | Pb7Ca2(Si,Al)48O100 · 32H2O | Orth. |
| 9.GD.35 | Mordenite | (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O | Orth. |
| 9.GD.40 | Dachiardite-K | K4(Si20Al4O48) · 13H2O | Mon. |
| 9.GD.40 | Dachiardite-Ca | (Ca,Na2,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| 9.GD.40 | Dachiardite-Na | (Na2,Ca,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| 9.GD.50 | Ferrierite-K | (K,Na)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : I m m m |
| 9.GD.50 | Ferrierite-Mg | [Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72 · 18H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m |
| 9.GD.50 | Ferrierite-Na | (Na,K)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O | Mon. 2/m |
| 9.GD.50 | Ferrierite-NH4 | (NH4,Mg0.5)5(Al5Si31O72) · 22H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : I m m m |
| 9.GD.55 | Bikitaite | LiAlSi2O6 · H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
Other InformationHide
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Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for EpistilbiteHide
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References for EpistilbiteHide
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Reference List:
Coombs, Douglas S., Alberti, Alberto, Armbruster, Thomas, Artioli, Gilberto, Colella, Carmine, Galli, Ermanno, Grice, Joel D., Liebau, Friedrich, Mandarino, Joseph A., Minato, Hideo, Nickel, Ernest H., Passaglia, Elio, Peacor, Donald R., Quartieri, Simona, Rinaldi, Romano, Ross, Malcolm I., Sheppard, Richard A., Tillmanns, Ekkehart, Vezzalini, Giovanna (1997) Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals; report of the Subcommittee on Zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. The Canadian Mineralogist, 35 (6) 1571-1606
Localities for EpistilbiteHide
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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the 
symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Locality ListHide
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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. 
- Good crystals or important locality for species. 
- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.