dbo:abstract |
كان السير باناستر تارلتون (21 أغسطس 1754 - 15 يناير 1833) جندياً وسياسياً بريطانياً. عُين تارلتون برتبة جنرال بعد عام واحد من مشاركته في حرب الاستقلال الأمريكية، ولم يخض أي معركة ميدانية بعد ذلك. عاد تارلتون إلى بريطانيا في عام 1781 وهو بعمر 27 سنة، وانتخب عضواً في البرلمان البريطاني عن ليفربول واستمر في منصبه إلى أوائل القرن التاسع عشر. أصبح تارلتون سياسياً بارزاً بفضل أنشطته، ولكن الكثيرين نظروا إليه كشاب مبتدئ في عالم السياسة. أيد تارلتون بقوة العبودية كجزء من الاقتصاد البريطاني نظراً لأهمية تجارة الرقيق في صناعة الشحن في ليفربول. (ar) Ο Μπάναστρ Τάρλετον (Banastre Tarleton, 21 Αυγούστου 1754 - 15 Ιανουαρίου 1833), 1ος βαρώνος του Λίβερπουλ, κάτοχος του Μεγαλόσταυρου των Ιπποτών, ήταν Βρετανός στρατιωτικός και πολιτικός. Έγινε γνωστός με τη συμμετοχή του στον Αμερικανικό Πόλεμο της Ανεξαρτησίας, όπου ξεχώρισε σε νεαρή ηλικία ως αξιωματικός του ιππικού με τις επιδρομές του στο έδαφος των Αμερικανών επαναστατών. Μετά τον πόλεμο ασχολήθηκε με την πολιτική όπου και διακρίθηκε με το κόμμα των Ουίγων. (el) Sir Banastre Tarleton, 1. Baronet GCB (* 21. August 1754 in Liverpool, England; † 16. oder 25. Januar 1833 in , Shropshire), britischer Offizier im Amerikanischen Unabhängigkeitskrieg, war bei den Amerikanern berüchtigt für seine mit rücksichtsloser Härte betriebene Kriegsführung auch gegen die Zivilbevölkerung (Spitzname von amerikanischer Seite butcher (Schlächter) oder bloody Ban). Er ist eine der umstrittensten Figuren des Revolutionskrieges. (de) Sir Banastre Tarleton, 1st Baronet, GCB (21 August 1754 – 15 January 1833) was a British general and politician. He is best known as the lieutenant colonel leading the British Legion at the end of the American Revolution. He later served in Portugal and held commands in Ireland and England. Consequently, he had hoped to command British forces fighting the French in the Peninsular War. However, that position was given to Arthur Wellesley. Tarleton's cavalrymen were colloquially known as "Tarleton's Raiders". During most of his service in North America, he led the British Legion, a provincial unit organised in New York in 1778. After returning to Great Britain in 1781 at the age of 27, Tarleton was elected a Member of Parliament for Liverpool and returned to office in the early 19th century. As such, Tarleton became a prominent Whig politician despite his young man's reputation as a roué. Tarleton came from a family of slavers, and reflected that during his political career, where he was a prominent opponent of British abolitionists. (en) Banastre Tarleton, né le 21 août 1754 à Liverpool (Angleterre), mort le 16 janvier 1833 dans la même ville, 1er baronnet, était un militaire et un homme politique britannique. (fr) Banastre Tarleton (21 de agosto de 1754 - 16 de enero de 1833) fue un oficial del Ejército Británico y político inglés, con una destacada participación en la Guerra de Independencia de los Estados Unidos. Al finalizar el conflicto, Tarleton fue elegido parlamentario por Liverpool y se convirtió en un prominente político whig. Durante la guerra, se convirtió en el punto central de una campaña de propaganda que sostenía que había disparado a tropas del Ejército Continental que se habían rendido en la . En una publicación de Robert D. Bass titulada The Green Dragoon: The Lives of Banastre Tarleton and Mary Robinson (1952) se le dio el sobrenombre de Bloody Ban y el Carnicero, apodos que se han mantenido en la cultura popular hasta estos días; sin embargo, fue aclamado por los lealistas y por los británicos como un líder destacado de la caballería ligera y fue elogiado por su habilidad táctica y determinación, incluso en inferioridad numérica. Su uniforme verde fue el estándar de la Legión Británica, una unidad provincial organizada en Nueva York en 1778. (es) 初代准男爵サー・バナスター・タールトン(英: Sir Banastre Tarleton, 1st Baronet、1754年8月21日 - 1833年1月25日)は、イギリス軍の陸軍大将、政治家。バス勲位。 タールトンは恐らくアメリカ独立戦争中の従軍で最も良く記憶されている。ワックスホーの戦いで降伏した大陸軍兵士に発砲したと主張する大陸軍側の宣伝攻撃の中心に据えられた。ロバート・D・バスが1952年に出版した『緑のドラゴン:バナスター・タールトンとメアリー・ロビンソンの生涯』という出版物で、「血塗られたバン」という渾名が付けられ、当時の彼の渾名として今日の大衆文化で使われてきた。 タールトンはロイヤリストやイギリス兵には軽騎兵の傑出した指導者として持て囃され、優勢な敵に遭遇した時でもその戦術能力と決断力を称賛された。その緑の制服は1778年に占領していたニューヨークで結成した植民地部隊ブリティッシュ・リージョンの標準だった。タールトンの騎兵隊は「タールトンの襲撃者」と呼ばれることが多かった。 戦後、タールトンはリヴァプールからイギリス議会議員に選出され、著名なホイッグ党政治家になった。 (ja) Banastre Tarleton (Liverpool, 21 augustus 1754 - Leintwardine, 15 januari 1833) was een Brits militair en politicus. (nl) 배내스터 탈턴(Banastre Tarleton, 1754년 8월 21일 - 1833년 1월 25일)은 영국군 군인, 정치인, 준남작, 바스 훈장 수장자이다. 탈턴은 미국 독립 전쟁 중 종군으로 가장 잘 기억되고 있다. 왁스호 전투에서 항복한 대륙군 병사에게 발포했다고 주장하는 대륙군 측의 선전 공격의 중심이 되었다. 로버트 D. 버스가 1952년에 출판한 《그린 드래군: 배내스터 탈턴과 메리 로빈슨의 생애》(The Green Dragoon: The Lives of Banastre Tarleton and Mary Robinson)라는 책에서 ‘블러디 밴’(Bloody Ban)과 ‘백정’(The Butcher)이라는 별명이 붙은 당시 그의 별명은 오늘 날 대중문화에도 널리 사용되어 왔다. 탈턴은 왕당파나 영국군에게는 뛰어난 경기병 리더로 환호를 받았고, 우세한 적과 조우했을 때 보여준, 그 전술 능력과 결단력을 칭송받았다. 그가 입은 녹색 제복은 1778년에 점령하고 있던 뉴욕에서 결성한 식민지 부대 브리티시 지역의 표준이었다. 탈턴 기병대는 ‘탈턴의 습격자’라고 불렸다. 전후 탈턴은 리버풀에서 영국 의회 의원에 선출된 저명한 휘그당 정치인이 되었다. (ko) Banastre Tarleton (Liverpool, 21 agosto 1754 – , 15 gennaio 1833) è stato un generale e politico britannico. (it) Banastre Tarleton (ur. 21 sierpnia 1754 w Liverpoolu, zm. 16 stycznia 1833 w Leintwardine w Shropshire w Anglii) – brytyjski generał, polityk. Był synem kupca, Johna Tarletona. Kształcił się w w Londynie, a w 1771 rozpoczął studia na uniwersytecie w Oxfordzie, następnie wstąpił do angielskiej armii. W 1775 został wysłany do Ameryki, gdzie u boku Charlesa Cornwallisa brał udział w działaniach przeciwko amerykańskiej milicji; podczas amerykańskiej wojny o niepodległość dosłużył się stopnia podpułkownika. Był znany z tego, że w trakcie działań zbrojnych kazał swoim żołnierzom palić domy, niszczyć zapasy i dobijać rannych. 29 maja 1780 dowodził oddziałem angielskim w , gdzie jego podkomendni, mimo wywieszenia przez Amerykanów białej flagi, zamordowali 113, ranili 150 i schwytali 53 żołnierzy z oddziału płk. ; straty brytyjskie wyniosły zaledwie 5 zabitych i 12 rannych; według źródeł amerykańskich to Tarleton wydał rozkaz dokonania masakry, natomiast sam Tarleton twierdził później, że jego żołnierze, błędnie przekonani o tym, że zginął na początku starcia (Tarleton spadł z rannego konia, po czym zaginął w bitewnej zawierusze), zaczęli samowolnie masakrować Amerykanów. 16 sierpnia 1780 Tarleton był jednym z dowódców, obok gen. Cornwallisa, sił angielskich w bitwie pod Camden, gdzie amerykańska armia gen. Horatio Gatesa poniosła klęskę z rąk Anglików. 17 stycznia 1781 został pokonany w bitwie pod Cowpens przez oddział gen. . Kilka miesięcy później zakończył swoją misję w USA. W 1784 zaczął brać udział w posiedzeniach parlamentu, gdzie m.in. opowiadał się za utrzymaniem handlu niewolnikami. W 1812 roku awansował na generała, a w 1815 otrzymał tytuł baroneta. Przez 15 lat związany z aktorką Mary Robinson. W 1798 ożenił się z Susan Bertie, nieślubną córką księcia Ancaster. Małżeństwo to było bezdzietne. Odznaczony Krzyżem Wielkim Orderu Łaźni. Jego postać została przedstawiona w kilku filmach, m.in. w "Słodkiej wolności" (1986), gdzie zagrał go Michael Caine; "Patriocie" (2000) (pod zmienionym nazwiskiem "Tavington"), zagrany przez Jasona Isaacsa, i "Głosie wolności" (2006), w którym jego rolę odegrał Ciaran Hinds. (pl) O general Sir Banastre Tarleton, 1º Baronete, GCB (21 de agosto de 1754 – 15 de janeiro de 1833) foi um proeminente soldado e político britânico. (pt) 陸軍上將伯納斯特·塔爾頓爵士,Bt,GCB(英語:General Sir Banastre Tarleton,1754年8月21日-1833年1月16日),英國陸軍將領及政治家,1775年至1781年期間參與討伐美國獨立戰爭,返國後於1790年至1806年及1807年至1812年兩度擔任下議院利物浦選區議員。 塔爾頓的家族祖居蘭開郡,後來移居利物浦,頗有名望。1775年,美國獨立戰爭爆發,他旋即應募跟隨英軍軍官康沃利斯勳爵前往北美洲對抗當地革命軍,期間表現突出而獲英軍倚重,但卻為當地革命份子所痛恨。 後世對塔爾頓的評價不一,不少美國學者指他手段殘忍,其中在1780年的「沃克斯華屠殺」中被指大肆屠殺示意投降的革命軍,因而在後世取得「血腥塔爾頓」(Bloody Tarleton)及「卡羅萊納屠夫」(The Butcher of the Carolinas)等負面稱號;但支持他的人則形容他驍勇善戰,當時不少英國民眾視他為戰爭英雄,使他同時在後世擁有「青龍」(The Green Dragoon)的美譽。隨著英軍在1781年的「約克鎮圍城戰役」戰敗,標誌著美國獨立戰爭的告終,塔爾頓隨大隊投降後,終在1782年1月安全返回英國。 塔爾頓在英國成為了輝格黨的支持者,並在1790年起代表家鄉利物浦出任下議院議員,前後近22年之久,但他在參政後期轉投托利黨。在下院,塔爾頓主張反對與法國開戰,同時反對廢除奴隸貿易,頗受注目。此外,塔爾頓在1787年發行回憶錄講述美國獨立戰爭,書中將英方戰敗原因歸咎於康沃利斯勳爵,兩人因而交惡。塔爾頓退出下院後淡出政壇,在什羅普郡過著平靜的退休生活,晚年分別在1818年及1820年獲英廷冊封從男爵和頒授GCB勳銜,以肯定他的戰績。 (zh) Банастр Тарлетон (англ. Banastre Tarleton; 21 августа 1754 — 15 января 1833) — британский военный и политический деятель, участник войны за независимость США. (ru) |
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https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/1011939/company-of-spears/9780553816754.html https://www.penguin.co.uk/series/hervey/matthew-hervey.html https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=ZwGSAwAAQBAJ%7Cdate=30 https://web.archive.org/web/20081217201035/http:/www.rsar.org/military/sherm055.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20120707010750/http:/home.golden.net/~marg/bansite/_entry.html https://web.archive.org/web/20120726143626/http:/www.bantarleton.co.uk/ https://web.archive.org/web/20121215142048/http:/home.golden.net/~marg/bansite/btbiog.html |
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* American Revolutionary War ** Siege of Charleston ** Battle of Monck's Corner ** Battle of Lenud's Ferry ** Battle of Waxhaws ** Battle of Fishing Creek ** Battle of Camden ** Battle of Blackstock's Farm ** Battle of Cowpens ** Battle of Cowan's Ford ** Battle of Torrence's Tavern ** Battle of Wetzell's Mill ** Battle of Guilford Courthouse ** Battle of Green Spring ** Siege of Yorktown (en) |
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1754-08-21 (xsd:date) |
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Liverpool, Lancashire, England (en) |
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National Gallery, London. (en) Lieutenant-Colonel Banastre Tarleton by Sir Joshua Reynolds, in the uniform of the British Legion, wearing a "Tarleton Helmet". (en) |
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dbr:British_Legion_(1778) |
dbp:date |
May 2022 (en) October 2016 (en) |
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Sir Banastre Tarleton, Bt (en) |
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The Fox-North Coalition only held power in 1783, seven years before he was elected. (en) Citation is a review of a book, not the book itself. The word has been plagiarized from the book to the review and then to the Wikipedia article. (en) |
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dbr:Isaac_Gascoyne Bamber Gascoyne, to 1796; (en) Isaac Gascoyne, from 1796 (en) |
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كان السير باناستر تارلتون (21 أغسطس 1754 - 15 يناير 1833) جندياً وسياسياً بريطانياً. عُين تارلتون برتبة جنرال بعد عام واحد من مشاركته في حرب الاستقلال الأمريكية، ولم يخض أي معركة ميدانية بعد ذلك. عاد تارلتون إلى بريطانيا في عام 1781 وهو بعمر 27 سنة، وانتخب عضواً في البرلمان البريطاني عن ليفربول واستمر في منصبه إلى أوائل القرن التاسع عشر. أصبح تارلتون سياسياً بارزاً بفضل أنشطته، ولكن الكثيرين نظروا إليه كشاب مبتدئ في عالم السياسة. أيد تارلتون بقوة العبودية كجزء من الاقتصاد البريطاني نظراً لأهمية تجارة الرقيق في صناعة الشحن في ليفربول. (ar) Ο Μπάναστρ Τάρλετον (Banastre Tarleton, 21 Αυγούστου 1754 - 15 Ιανουαρίου 1833), 1ος βαρώνος του Λίβερπουλ, κάτοχος του Μεγαλόσταυρου των Ιπποτών, ήταν Βρετανός στρατιωτικός και πολιτικός. Έγινε γνωστός με τη συμμετοχή του στον Αμερικανικό Πόλεμο της Ανεξαρτησίας, όπου ξεχώρισε σε νεαρή ηλικία ως αξιωματικός του ιππικού με τις επιδρομές του στο έδαφος των Αμερικανών επαναστατών. Μετά τον πόλεμο ασχολήθηκε με την πολιτική όπου και διακρίθηκε με το κόμμα των Ουίγων. (el) Sir Banastre Tarleton, 1. Baronet GCB (* 21. August 1754 in Liverpool, England; † 16. oder 25. Januar 1833 in , Shropshire), britischer Offizier im Amerikanischen Unabhängigkeitskrieg, war bei den Amerikanern berüchtigt für seine mit rücksichtsloser Härte betriebene Kriegsführung auch gegen die Zivilbevölkerung (Spitzname von amerikanischer Seite butcher (Schlächter) oder bloody Ban). Er ist eine der umstrittensten Figuren des Revolutionskrieges. (de) Banastre Tarleton, né le 21 août 1754 à Liverpool (Angleterre), mort le 16 janvier 1833 dans la même ville, 1er baronnet, était un militaire et un homme politique britannique. (fr) 初代准男爵サー・バナスター・タールトン(英: Sir Banastre Tarleton, 1st Baronet、1754年8月21日 - 1833年1月25日)は、イギリス軍の陸軍大将、政治家。バス勲位。 タールトンは恐らくアメリカ独立戦争中の従軍で最も良く記憶されている。ワックスホーの戦いで降伏した大陸軍兵士に発砲したと主張する大陸軍側の宣伝攻撃の中心に据えられた。ロバート・D・バスが1952年に出版した『緑のドラゴン:バナスター・タールトンとメアリー・ロビンソンの生涯』という出版物で、「血塗られたバン」という渾名が付けられ、当時の彼の渾名として今日の大衆文化で使われてきた。 タールトンはロイヤリストやイギリス兵には軽騎兵の傑出した指導者として持て囃され、優勢な敵に遭遇した時でもその戦術能力と決断力を称賛された。その緑の制服は1778年に占領していたニューヨークで結成した植民地部隊ブリティッシュ・リージョンの標準だった。タールトンの騎兵隊は「タールトンの襲撃者」と呼ばれることが多かった。 戦後、タールトンはリヴァプールからイギリス議会議員に選出され、著名なホイッグ党政治家になった。 (ja) Banastre Tarleton (Liverpool, 21 augustus 1754 - Leintwardine, 15 januari 1833) was een Brits militair en politicus. (nl) 배내스터 탈턴(Banastre Tarleton, 1754년 8월 21일 - 1833년 1월 25일)은 영국군 군인, 정치인, 준남작, 바스 훈장 수장자이다. 탈턴은 미국 독립 전쟁 중 종군으로 가장 잘 기억되고 있다. 왁스호 전투에서 항복한 대륙군 병사에게 발포했다고 주장하는 대륙군 측의 선전 공격의 중심이 되었다. 로버트 D. 버스가 1952년에 출판한 《그린 드래군: 배내스터 탈턴과 메리 로빈슨의 생애》(The Green Dragoon: The Lives of Banastre Tarleton and Mary Robinson)라는 책에서 ‘블러디 밴’(Bloody Ban)과 ‘백정’(The Butcher)이라는 별명이 붙은 당시 그의 별명은 오늘 날 대중문화에도 널리 사용되어 왔다. 탈턴은 왕당파나 영국군에게는 뛰어난 경기병 리더로 환호를 받았고, 우세한 적과 조우했을 때 보여준, 그 전술 능력과 결단력을 칭송받았다. 그가 입은 녹색 제복은 1778년에 점령하고 있던 뉴욕에서 결성한 식민지 부대 브리티시 지역의 표준이었다. 탈턴 기병대는 ‘탈턴의 습격자’라고 불렸다. 전후 탈턴은 리버풀에서 영국 의회 의원에 선출된 저명한 휘그당 정치인이 되었다. (ko) Banastre Tarleton (Liverpool, 21 agosto 1754 – , 15 gennaio 1833) è stato un generale e politico britannico. (it) O general Sir Banastre Tarleton, 1º Baronete, GCB (21 de agosto de 1754 – 15 de janeiro de 1833) foi um proeminente soldado e político britânico. (pt) Банастр Тарлетон (англ. Banastre Tarleton; 21 августа 1754 — 15 января 1833) — британский военный и политический деятель, участник войны за независимость США. (ru) Sir Banastre Tarleton, 1st Baronet, GCB (21 August 1754 – 15 January 1833) was a British general and politician. He is best known as the lieutenant colonel leading the British Legion at the end of the American Revolution. He later served in Portugal and held commands in Ireland and England. Consequently, he had hoped to command British forces fighting the French in the Peninsular War. However, that position was given to Arthur Wellesley. (en) Banastre Tarleton (21 de agosto de 1754 - 16 de enero de 1833) fue un oficial del Ejército Británico y político inglés, con una destacada participación en la Guerra de Independencia de los Estados Unidos. Al finalizar el conflicto, Tarleton fue elegido parlamentario por Liverpool y se convirtió en un prominente político whig. (es) Banastre Tarleton (ur. 21 sierpnia 1754 w Liverpoolu, zm. 16 stycznia 1833 w Leintwardine w Shropshire w Anglii) – brytyjski generał, polityk. Był synem kupca, Johna Tarletona. Kształcił się w w Londynie, a w 1771 rozpoczął studia na uniwersytecie w Oxfordzie, następnie wstąpił do angielskiej armii. W 1775 został wysłany do Ameryki, gdzie u boku Charlesa Cornwallisa brał udział w działaniach przeciwko amerykańskiej milicji; podczas amerykańskiej wojny o niepodległość dosłużył się stopnia podpułkownika. Odznaczony Krzyżem Wielkim Orderu Łaźni. (pl) 陸軍上將伯納斯特·塔爾頓爵士,Bt,GCB(英語:General Sir Banastre Tarleton,1754年8月21日-1833年1月16日),英國陸軍將領及政治家,1775年至1781年期間參與討伐美國獨立戰爭,返國後於1790年至1806年及1807年至1812年兩度擔任下議院利物浦選區議員。 塔爾頓的家族祖居蘭開郡,後來移居利物浦,頗有名望。1775年,美國獨立戰爭爆發,他旋即應募跟隨英軍軍官康沃利斯勳爵前往北美洲對抗當地革命軍,期間表現突出而獲英軍倚重,但卻為當地革命份子所痛恨。 後世對塔爾頓的評價不一,不少美國學者指他手段殘忍,其中在1780年的「沃克斯華屠殺」中被指大肆屠殺示意投降的革命軍,因而在後世取得「血腥塔爾頓」(Bloody Tarleton)及「卡羅萊納屠夫」(The Butcher of the Carolinas)等負面稱號;但支持他的人則形容他驍勇善戰,當時不少英國民眾視他為戰爭英雄,使他同時在後世擁有「青龍」(The Green Dragoon)的美譽。隨著英軍在1781年的「約克鎮圍城戰役」戰敗,標誌著美國獨立戰爭的告終,塔爾頓隨大隊投降後,終在1782年1月安全返回英國。 (zh) |
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Banastre Tarleton (en) باناستر تارلتون (ar) Banastre Tarleton (de) Μπάναστρ Τάρλετον (el) Banastre Tarleton (es) Banastre Tarleton (it) Banastre Tarleton (fr) バナスター・タールトン (ja) 배내스터 탈턴 (ko) Banastre Tarleton (nl) Banastre Tarleton (pl) Banastre Tarleton (pt) Тарлетон, Банастр (ru) 伯納斯特·塔爾頓 (zh) |
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dbr:Tarleton_baronets dbr:Virginia_in_the_American_Revolution dbr:Tarleton_Baronets dbr:Tarleton_helmet dbr:Banestre_Tarleton dbr:Barnestere_Tarleton dbr:Bloody_Ban dbr:Sir_Banastre_Tarleton dbr:Sir_Banastre_Tarleton,_1st_Baronet dbr:Colonel_Tarleton |
is dbp:after of |
dbr:Richard_Pennant,_1st_Baron_Penrhyn dbr:William_Howe,_5th_Viscount_Howe dbr:William_Roscoe |
is dbp:before of |
dbr:William_Roscoe |
is dbp:shipNamesake of |
dbr:Banastre_(1787_ship) |
is dbp:with of |
dbr:Isaac_Gascoyne |
is foaf:primaryTopic of |
wikipedia-en:Banastre_Tarleton |