Cosmo Gordon Lang (original) (raw)
Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1. Baron Lang of Lambeth (* 31. Oktober 1864 in Fyvie, Aberdeenshire, Schottland; † 5. Dezember 1945 in London) war ein schottischer anglikanischer Geistlicher und von 1928 bis 1942 Erzbischof von Canterbury. Umstritten war seine Rolle bei der Abdankung Eduards VIII.
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| dbo:abstract | Cosmo Gordon Lang (Fyvie, 31 d'octubre de 1864 - Kew, 5 de desembre de 1945) primer Baró Lang de Lambeth, Reial Orde Victorià, Consell Privat del Regne Unit, va ser un prelat anglicà que va servir com a arquebisbe de York (1908–1928) i arquebisbe de Canterbury (1928-1942). La seva ràpida elevació a l'arquebisbat de York, després de només divuit anys d', va ser un fet sense precedents en la història moderna de l'Església anglicana. Com a Lord i arquebisbe va esdevenir una figura clau en la política del Regne Unit durant el període d'entreguerres, a més de ser un impulsor clau de l'ecumenisme. Fill d'un ministre presbiterià escocès, Lang va abandonar la tradició familiar de carreres legals o polítiques per preparar-se al sacerdoci anglicà. Començant l'any 1890, el seu primer ministeri va ser en les barriades de Leeds i Portsmouth, a més d'un breu servei com a capellà a una escola d'Oxford. L'any 1901 va ser nomenat de , a Londres, on va seguir treballant preferentment amb els pobres i com canonge de la Catedral de Saint Paul. Després de només set anys com a bisbe no diocesà, l'any 1908 va ser nomenat arquebisbe de York. En aquella època el seu pensament religiós era considerat anglocatòlic, deutor dels assaigos catòlics liberals expressats en l'obra . Va entrar a la Cambra dels Lords com , on va causar consternació entre els cercles tradicionalistes per argumentar i votar en contra de la proposta dels Lords de rebutjar el «» («Pressupost del Poble») de David Lloyd George el 1909. Aquest aparent radicalisme, però, no es va mantenir en anys següents. Al començament de la Primera Guerra Mundial, Lang va ser durament criticat a causa d'un discurs en què tractava amablement l'emperador alemany. Aquest fet l'afectà personalment i va poder haver contribuït al seu ràpid i evident envelliment durant la guerra. Després d'aquesta, va començar a promoure la unitat de les Esglésies i, en la , l'any 1920, va ser el responsable del «Church's Appeal to All Christian People» («Petició de l'Església a tot el Poble Cristià"), un document fonamental en el desenvolupament de l'ecumenisme. Com a arquebisbe de York va recolzar diverses i controvertides propostes de revisió del , però un cop a Canterbury no va fer passos significatius per resoldre aquest tema. Lang va ser nomenat arquebisbe de Canterbury l'any 1928. Com a tal, va presidir la Conferència de Lambeth de 1930, que va aprovar de forma limitada l'ús dels anticonceptius. Després de denunciar com immoral la invasió italiana d'Abissínia del 1935 i condemnar enèrgicament l'antisemitisme europeu, va recolzar posteriorment les polítiques d'apaivagament del govern britànic enfront l'Alemanya nazi del 1937 al 1939. Com a arquebisbe de Canterbury durant la crisi per l'abdicació d'Eduard VIII de 1936, les seves postures morals es van anar fent gradualment més tradicionalistes i moltes de les seves afirmacions respecte a l'abdicació van ser considerades poc caritatives amb el rei sortint. Retirat l'any 1942, va ser nomenat Baró Lang de Lambeth i va continuar participant en els debats de la Cambra dels Lords fins que va morir el 1945. (ca) Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1. Baron Lang of Lambeth (* 31. Oktober 1864 in Fyvie, Aberdeenshire, Schottland; † 5. Dezember 1945 in London) war ein schottischer anglikanischer Geistlicher und von 1928 bis 1942 Erzbischof von Canterbury. Umstritten war seine Rolle bei der Abdankung Eduards VIII. (de) William Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1st Baron Lang of Lambeth, GCVO, GCStJ, PC (31 October 1864 – 5 December 1945) was a Scottish Anglican prelate who served as Archbishop of York (1908–1928) and Archbishop of Canterbury (1928–1942). His elevation to Archbishop of York, within 18 years of his ordination, was the most rapid in modern Church of England history. As Archbishop of Canterbury during the abdication crisis of 1936, he took a strong moral stance, his comments in a subsequent broadcast being widely condemned as uncharitable towards the departed king. The son of a Scots Presbyterian minister, Lang abandoned the prospect of a legal and political career to train for the Anglican priesthood. Beginning in 1890, his early ministry was served in slum parishes in Leeds and Portsmouth, except for brief service as Vicar of the University Church of St Mary the Virgin in Oxford. In 1901 he was appointed suffragan Bishop of Stepney in London, where he continued his work among the poor. He also served as a canon of St Paul's Cathedral, London. In 1908 Lang was nominated as Archbishop of York, despite his relatively junior status as a suffragan rather than a diocesan bishop. His religious stance was broadly Anglo-Catholic, tempered by the liberal Anglo-Catholicism advocated in the Lux Mundi essays. He consequently entered the House of Lords as a Lord Spiritual and caused consternation in traditionalist circles by speaking and voting against the Lords' proposal to reject David Lloyd George's 1909 "People's Budget". This radicalism was not maintained in subsequent years. At the start of the First World War, Lang was heavily criticised for a speech in which he spoke sympathetically of the German Emperor. This troubled him greatly and may have contributed to the rapid ageing which affected his appearance during the war years. After the war he began to promote church unity and at the 1920 Lambeth Conference was responsible for the Church's Appeal to All Christian People. As Archbishop of York he supported controversial proposals for the 1928 revision of the Book of Common Prayer but, after acceding to Canterbury, he took no practical steps to resolve this issue. Lang became Archbishop of Canterbury in 1928. He presided over the 1930 Lambeth Conference, which gave limited church approval to the use of contraception. After denouncing the Italian invasion of Abyssinia in 1935 and strongly condemning European antisemitism, Lang later supported the appeasement policies of the British government. In May 1937 he presided over the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. On retirement in 1942 Lang was raised to the peerage as Baron Lang of Lambeth and continued to attend and speak in House of Lords debates until his death in 1945. Lang himself believed that he had not lived up to his own high standards. Others have praised his qualities of industry, his efficiency and his commitment to his calling. (en) William Cosmo Gordon Lang est un ecclésiastique anglican britannique d'origine écossaise né le 31 octobre 1864 à Fyvie et mort le 5 décembre 1945 à Kew. Il a successivement occupé les postes d'archevêque d'York (1908-1928) et d'archevêque de Cantorbéry (1928-1942). Fils d'un pasteur de l'Église d'Écosse, Cosmo Lang abandonne ses ambitions politiques pour devenir prêtre dans l'Église d'Angleterre. Il est ordonné en 1890 et commence sa carrière comme diacre dans les quartiers pauvres de Leeds et de Portsmouth. En 1901, il est nommé évêque suffragant de Stepney, à Londres, où il continue à œuvrer auprès des classes populaires tout en servant comme chanoine à la cathédrale Saint-Paul. Malgré son statut relativement mineur de suffragant, Lang devient archevêque d'York en 1908, dix-huit années seulement après son ordination – un record dans l'histoire récente de l'Église d'Angleterre. Il adopte une position dans l'ensemble anglo-catholique, avec une dose de protestantisme libéral. Entré à la Chambre des lords comme Lord Spirituel, il sème le désarroi dans les milieux traditionalistes en s'élevant, puis en votant contre la proposition de rejet du People's Budget de David Lloyd George. Il se défait cependant de ce radicalisme par la suite. Au début de la Première Guerre mondiale, un discours de Lang est jugé trop pro-allemand et suscite des critiques virulentes, qui ont peut-être contribué à la prise d'âge rapide de l'archevêque durant les années de guerre. Après la fin du conflit, il se fait le champion de l'union des Églises et soutient un « Appel à tous les chrétiens » durant la conférence de Lambeth de 1920. Il soutient également des propositions controversées de réformes du Livre de la prière commune, mais ne poursuit pas ces projets après son arrivée à Cantorbéry. Cosmo Lang devient archevêque de Cantorbéry en 1928. Il condamne l'invasion de l'Abyssinie par l'Italie et l'antisémitisme européen, mais soutient la politique d'apaisement du gouvernement britannique. Lors de la crise d'abdication d'Édouard VIII, il adopte une position morale rigoureuse, jugée peu compatissante à l'égard de l'ex-roi. Il préside au couronnement de George VI l'année suivante. Lang prend sa retraite en 1942. Nommé baron Lang de Lambeth, il continue à assister aux sessions de la Chambre des lords jusqu'à sa mort, trois ans plus tard. À la fin de sa vie, il estime n'avoir pas été à la hauteur de ses critères moraux, mais son énergie, son efficacité et son engagement ont été salués par la postérité. (fr) William Cosmo Gordon Lang, primer Barón Lang de Lambeth, GCVO, PC (31 de octubre de 1864 – 5 de diciembre de 1945), fue un prelado anglicano que sirvió como arzobispo de York y arzobispo de Canterbury (1928–1942). Su rápida elevación al arzobispado de York, tras sólo dieciocho años de ordenación, fue un hecho sin precedentes en la historia moderna de la Iglesia anglicana. Como Lord y arzobispo se convirtió en una figura clave en la política del Reino Unido durante los años de entreguerras, además de ser un impulsor clave del ecumenismo. Hijo de un ministro presbiteriano escocés, Lang abandonó la tradición familiar de carreras jurídicas o políticas para prepararse al sacerdocio anglicano. Comenzando en 1890, su primer ministerio fue en las barriadas de Leeds y Portsmouth, además de un breve servicio como capellán de un colegio en Oxford. En 1901 fue nombrado obispo sufragáneo de , en Londres, donde siguió trabajando preferentemente con los pobres y como canónigo de la Catedral de San Pablo. Tras sólo siete años como obispo no diocesano, en 1908 fue nombrado arzobispo de York. En aquella época su pensamiento religioso era considerado anglocatólico, influido por los ensayos católico-liberales expresados en la obra . Entró en la Cámara de los Lores como , donde causó consternación entre los círculos tradicionalistas por argumentar y votar en contra de la propuesta de los Lores de rechazar el «» («Presupuesto del Pueblo») de David Lloyd George en 1909. Este aparente radicalismo, sin embargo, no se mantuvo en años siguientes. Al comienzo de la Primera Guerra Mundial, Lang fue duramente criticado por un discurso en el que trataba amablemente al emperador alemán. Este hecho le afectó personalmente y pudo haber contribuido a su rápido y evidente envejecimiento durante la guerra. Tras ella, comenzó a promover la unidad de las Iglesias y, en la Conferencia de Lambeth de 1920 fue el responsable del «Church's Appeal to All Christian People» («Llamamiento de la Iglesia a todo el Pueblo Cristiano»), un documento fundamental en el desarrollo del ecumenismo. Como arzobispo de York apoyó diversas y controvertidas propuestas de revisión del Libro de Oración Común, pero una vez en Canterbury no dio pasos significativos para resolver este tema. Lang fue nombrado arzobispo de Canterbury en 1928. Como tal, presidió la Conferencia de Lambeth de 1930, que aprobó de forma limitada el uso de anticonceptivos. Tras denunciar como inmoral la invasión italiana de Abisinia de 1935 y condenar enérgicamente el antisemitismo europeo, apoyó posteriormente las políticas de apaciguamiento del gobierno británico frente a la Alemania nazi de 1937-1939. Como arzobispo de Canterbury durante la crisis por la abdicación de Eduardo VIII de 1936, sus posturas morales se fueron haciendo paulatinamente más tradicionalistas y muchas de sus afirmaciones respecto a la abdicación fueron consideradas poco caritativas para con el rey saliente. Retirado en 1942, fue nombrado Barón Lang de Lambeth y continuó participando en los debates de la Cámara de los Lores hasta su muerte en 1945. De sí mismo afirmó que no había vivido según sus altos principios; otros, sin embargo, elogiaron sus cualidades de trabajo, su eficiencia y su compromiso. (es) Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1º Barone Lang di Lambeth è stato un arcivescovo anglicano e teologo britannico, arcivescovo di York e poi di Canterbury. (it) Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1.° Barão Lang de Lambeth (31 de outubro de 1864 — 5 de dezembro de 1945) foi arcebispo de Iorque (1908 - 1928) e arcebispo da Cantuária (1928 - 1942). (pt) William Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1st Baron Lang of Lambeth, född 31 oktober 1864, död 5 december 1945, var en brittisk ärkebiskop. Lang var son till en präst inom presbyterianska kyrkan, och blev efter studier i Glasgow och Oxford 1894 fellow vid Magdalen College i Oxford. Efter några år som kyrkoherde i Portsea blev Lang 1901 suffraganbiskop i Stepney, och dessutom canon vid Sankt Pauls-katedralen och 1908 ärkebiskop av York. År 1928 blev han ärkebiskop av Canterbury. Som högkyrkoman av äldre typ, fullföljde Lang med moderation och klokhet sin närmaste företrädares politik att utan att bryta med statsmakten i görligaste mån hävda kyrkans självbestämmanderätt. ---Sidenote START--- (sv) Космо Гордон Лэнг (англ. Cosmo Gordon Lang; 31 октября 1864[…], Fyvie[d] — 5 декабря 1945[…], Кью, Большой Лондон) — архиепископ Кентерберийский Церкви Англии с 1928 по 1942 год. (ru) |
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| dbo:birthDate | 1864-10-31 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:birthName | William Cosmo Gordon Lang (en) |
| dbo:birthPlace | dbr:Fyvie dbr:Aberdeenshire |
| dbo:deathPlace | dbr:Kew_Gardens_station_(London) dbr:Surrey dbr:Municipal_Borough_of_Richmond_(Surrey) |
| dbo:diocese | dbr:Diocese_of_Canterbury dbr:Province_of_Canterbury |
| dbo:predecessor | dbr:Randall_Davidson,_1st_Baron_Davidson_of_Lambeth |
| dbo:religion | dbr:Anglican |
| dbo:residence | dbr:Lambeth_Palace |
| dbo:successor | dbr:William_Temple_(archbishop) |
| dbo:termPeriod | dbr:Cosmo_Gordon_Lang__Tenure__1 |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Archb._York_LCCN2014716215.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:title | Archbishop of Canterbury (en) |
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| dbp:birthDate | 1864-10-31 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:birthName | William Cosmo Gordon Lang (en) |
| dbp:birthPlace | dbr:Fyvie dbr:Aberdeenshire Scotland (en) |
| dbp:buried | Chapel of St Stephen Martyr, Canterbury Cathedral (en) |
| dbp:caption | Archbishop Lang in 1920 (en) Lang as Bishop of Stepney, photograph (en) Lang in 1910, a youthful-looking archbishop (en) Lang after World War I. The alteration to his appearance was caused by alopecia and stress. (en) Lang as Bishop of Stepney, caricature by Leslie Ward, 1906 (en) |
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| dbp:consecration | 1901-05-01 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:deathPlace | dbr:Surrey dbr:Municipal_Borough_of_Richmond_(Surrey) England (en) Near Kew Gardens station, (en) |
| dbp:diocese | dbr:Diocese_of_Canterbury |
| dbp:direction | vertical (en) |
| dbp:ended | 1942-05-31 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:enthroned | 1928-12-04 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:image | Bishop Lang 1906.jpg (en) Bishop of Stepney.jpg (en) Cosmo Lang, Archbishop of York .jpg (en) |
| dbp:name | Cosmo Lang (en) |
| dbp:ordination | 1890 (xsd:integer) 1891-05-24 (xsd:date) |
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| dbp:predecessor | dbr:Randall_Davidson,_1st_Baron_Davidson_of_Lambeth |
| dbp:province | dbr:Province_of_Canterbury |
| dbp:religion | dbr:Anglican |
| dbp:residence | dbr:Lambeth_Palace |
| dbp:rows | 2 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:successor | dbr:William_Temple_(archbishop) |
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| dbp:type | bishop (en) |
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| dbp:years | 1901 (xsd:integer) 1909 (xsd:integer) 1928 (xsd:integer) 1942 (xsd:integer) |
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| rdfs:comment | Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1. Baron Lang of Lambeth (* 31. Oktober 1864 in Fyvie, Aberdeenshire, Schottland; † 5. Dezember 1945 in London) war ein schottischer anglikanischer Geistlicher und von 1928 bis 1942 Erzbischof von Canterbury. Umstritten war seine Rolle bei der Abdankung Eduards VIII. (de) Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1º Barone Lang di Lambeth è stato un arcivescovo anglicano e teologo britannico, arcivescovo di York e poi di Canterbury. (it) Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1.° Barão Lang de Lambeth (31 de outubro de 1864 — 5 de dezembro de 1945) foi arcebispo de Iorque (1908 - 1928) e arcebispo da Cantuária (1928 - 1942). (pt) Космо Гордон Лэнг (англ. Cosmo Gordon Lang; 31 октября 1864[…], Fyvie[d] — 5 декабря 1945[…], Кью, Большой Лондон) — архиепископ Кентерберийский Церкви Англии с 1928 по 1942 год. (ru) Cosmo Gordon Lang (Fyvie, 31 d'octubre de 1864 - Kew, 5 de desembre de 1945) primer Baró Lang de Lambeth, Reial Orde Victorià, Consell Privat del Regne Unit, va ser un prelat anglicà que va servir com a arquebisbe de York (1908–1928) i arquebisbe de Canterbury (1928-1942). La seva ràpida elevació a l'arquebisbat de York, després de només divuit anys d', va ser un fet sense precedents en la història moderna de l'Església anglicana. Com a Lord i arquebisbe va esdevenir una figura clau en la política del Regne Unit durant el període d'entreguerres, a més de ser un impulsor clau de l'ecumenisme. (ca) William Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1st Baron Lang of Lambeth, GCVO, GCStJ, PC (31 October 1864 – 5 December 1945) was a Scottish Anglican prelate who served as Archbishop of York (1908–1928) and Archbishop of Canterbury (1928–1942). His elevation to Archbishop of York, within 18 years of his ordination, was the most rapid in modern Church of England history. As Archbishop of Canterbury during the abdication crisis of 1936, he took a strong moral stance, his comments in a subsequent broadcast being widely condemned as uncharitable towards the departed king. (en) William Cosmo Gordon Lang est un ecclésiastique anglican britannique d'origine écossaise né le 31 octobre 1864 à Fyvie et mort le 5 décembre 1945 à Kew. Il a successivement occupé les postes d'archevêque d'York (1908-1928) et d'archevêque de Cantorbéry (1928-1942). Lang prend sa retraite en 1942. Nommé baron Lang de Lambeth, il continue à assister aux sessions de la Chambre des lords jusqu'à sa mort, trois ans plus tard. À la fin de sa vie, il estime n'avoir pas été à la hauteur de ses critères moraux, mais son énergie, son efficacité et son engagement ont été salués par la postérité. (fr) William Cosmo Gordon Lang, primer Barón Lang de Lambeth, GCVO, PC (31 de octubre de 1864 – 5 de diciembre de 1945), fue un prelado anglicano que sirvió como arzobispo de York y arzobispo de Canterbury (1928–1942). Su rápida elevación al arzobispado de York, tras sólo dieciocho años de ordenación, fue un hecho sin precedentes en la historia moderna de la Iglesia anglicana. Como Lord y arzobispo se convirtió en una figura clave en la política del Reino Unido durante los años de entreguerras, además de ser un impulsor clave del ecumenismo. (es) William Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1st Baron Lang of Lambeth, född 31 oktober 1864, död 5 december 1945, var en brittisk ärkebiskop. Lang var son till en präst inom presbyterianska kyrkan, och blev efter studier i Glasgow och Oxford 1894 fellow vid Magdalen College i Oxford. Efter några år som kyrkoherde i Portsea blev Lang 1901 suffraganbiskop i Stepney, och dessutom canon vid Sankt Pauls-katedralen och 1908 ärkebiskop av York. År 1928 blev han ärkebiskop av Canterbury. Som högkyrkoman av äldre typ, fullföljde Lang med moderation och klokhet sin närmaste företrädares politik att utan att bryta med statsmakten i görligaste mån hävda kyrkans självbestämmanderätt. (sv) |
| rdfs:label | Cosmo Gordon Lang (ca) Cosmo Gordon Lang (de) Cosmo Gordon Lang (es) Cosmo Gordon Lang (en) Cosmo Lang (fr) Cosmo Lang (it) Cosmo Lang (pt) Cosmo Gordon Lang (sv) Лэнг, Космо Гордон (ru) |
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