| dbo:abstract |
As the center of Hurricane Katrina passed southeast of New Orleans on August 29, 2005, winds downtown were in the Category 1 range with frequent intense gusts. The storm surge caused approximately 23 breaches in the drainage canal and navigational canal levees and flood walls. As mandated in the Flood Control Act of 1965, responsibility for the design and construction of the city's levees belongs to the United States Army Corps of Engineers and responsibility for their maintenance belongs to the Orleans Levee Board. The failures of levees and flood walls during Katrina are considered by experts to be the worst engineering disaster in the history of the United States. By August 31, 2005, 80% of New Orleans was flooded, with some parts under 15 feet (4.6 m) of water. The famous French Quarter and Garden District escaped flooding because those areas are above sea level. The major breaches included the 17th Street Canal levee, the Industrial Canal levee, and the London Avenue Canal flood wall. These breaches caused the majority of the flooding, according to a June 2007 report by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The flood disaster halted oil production and refining which increased oil prices worldwide. Between 80 and 90 percent of the residents of New Orleans were evacuated before the hurricane struck, testifying to some of the success of the evacuation measures. Despite this, many remained in the city, mainly those who did not have access to personal vehicles or who were isolated from the dissemination of news from the local governments. The Louisiana Superdome was used to house and support some of those who were unable to evacuate. Television shots frequently focused on the Superdome as a symbol of the flooding occurring in New Orleans. The disaster had major implications for a large segment of the population, economy, and politics of the entire United States. It has prompted a Congressional review of the Army Corps of Engineers and the failure of portions of the federally built flood protection system which experts agree should have protected the city's inhabitants from Katrina's surge. Katrina has also stimulated significant research in the academic community into urban planning, real estate finance, and economic issues in the wake of a natural disaster. (en) Les conséquences de l'ouragan Katrina sur La Nouvelle-Orléans concernent des biens, des services, des personnes et la société en août et septembre 2005. Elles furent humainement, socialement et économiquement désastreuses. Le bilan confirmé de l'ouragan est de 1 833 morts (dont 1 577 en Louisiane, 238 au Mississippi, 14 en Floride et respectivement 2 en Géorgie et en Alabama). Les dommages économiques sont de 108 milliards de dollars. Les blessés restent indénombrables. Beaucoup d'études ont porté sur le « comment a-t-on pu en arriver là ? » explorant la généalogie du désastre via l'étude rétrospective de vulnérabilités propres à la ville et/ou à sa population et via l'étude des responsabilités politiques et des dysfonctionnements administratifs plutôt que ses conséquences à court, moyen et long termes qui pour certaines pourraient s'apparenter à des séquelles de guerre ou d'autres désastres, et de reconstruction. (fr) Skutki przejścia huraganu Katrina nad Nowym Orleanem były jedną z największych (jeżeli nie największą) katastrof naturalnych w historii Stanów Zjednoczonych. 29 sierpnia 2005, kiedy huragan o sile 3 w skali Saffira-Simpsona osiągnął ląd, ponad 80% obszaru miasta zostało zalane, miejscami aż do wysokości 6 metrów. W wielu miejscach nastąpiło uszkodzenie wałów przeciwpowodziowych, a bardzo wysoka wdarła się w głąb lądu. Wydarzenie to wpłynęło także na sytuację polityczną i ekonomiczną w całych Stanach Zjednoczonych. (pl) |
| rdfs:comment |
Skutki przejścia huraganu Katrina nad Nowym Orleanem były jedną z największych (jeżeli nie największą) katastrof naturalnych w historii Stanów Zjednoczonych. 29 sierpnia 2005, kiedy huragan o sile 3 w skali Saffira-Simpsona osiągnął ląd, ponad 80% obszaru miasta zostało zalane, miejscami aż do wysokości 6 metrów. W wielu miejscach nastąpiło uszkodzenie wałów przeciwpowodziowych, a bardzo wysoka wdarła się w głąb lądu. Wydarzenie to wpłynęło także na sytuację polityczną i ekonomiczną w całych Stanach Zjednoczonych. (pl) As the center of Hurricane Katrina passed southeast of New Orleans on August 29, 2005, winds downtown were in the Category 1 range with frequent intense gusts. The storm surge caused approximately 23 breaches in the drainage canal and navigational canal levees and flood walls. As mandated in the Flood Control Act of 1965, responsibility for the design and construction of the city's levees belongs to the United States Army Corps of Engineers and responsibility for their maintenance belongs to the Orleans Levee Board. The failures of levees and flood walls during Katrina are considered by experts to be the worst engineering disaster in the history of the United States. By August 31, 2005, 80% of New Orleans was flooded, with some parts under 15 feet (4.6 m) of water. The famous French Quarte (en) Les conséquences de l'ouragan Katrina sur La Nouvelle-Orléans concernent des biens, des services, des personnes et la société en août et septembre 2005. Elles furent humainement, socialement et économiquement désastreuses. Le bilan confirmé de l'ouragan est de 1 833 morts (dont 1 577 en Louisiane, 238 au Mississippi, 14 en Floride et respectivement 2 en Géorgie et en Alabama). Les dommages économiques sont de 108 milliards de dollars. Les blessés restent indénombrables. (fr) |
