Caerphilly Castle (original) (raw)
El castell de Caerphilly (anomenat Caerffili en gal·lès) és una fortificació normanda, ubicada al centre de la petita ciutat de Sir Caerffili, a Gal·les del Sud. És el castell de dimensions més àmplies de Gal·les (també el segon més gran del Regne Unit, després del castell de Windsor) i, potser, fins i tot, una de les majors fortaleses d'Europa. Construït majoritàriament als anys 1268 i 1271, es tracta d'un dels primers exemples d'un castell concèntric. Té un gran nombre de llacs artificials al seu voltant, de poca profunditat: tenien l'objectiu de frenar l'avanç enemic i els atacs sota terra.
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| dbo:abstract | El castell de Caerphilly (anomenat Caerffili en gal·lès) és una fortificació normanda, ubicada al centre de la petita ciutat de Sir Caerffili, a Gal·les del Sud. És el castell de dimensions més àmplies de Gal·les (també el segon més gran del Regne Unit, després del castell de Windsor) i, potser, fins i tot, una de les majors fortaleses d'Europa. Construït majoritàriament als anys 1268 i 1271, es tracta d'un dels primers exemples d'un castell concèntric. Té un gran nombre de llacs artificials al seu voltant, de poca profunditat: tenien l'objectiu de frenar l'avanç enemic i els atacs sota terra. (ca) Hrad Caerphilly (velšsky Castell Caerffili) je druhý nejrozsáhlejší hrad ve Velké Británii, leží 10 kilometrů severně od Cardiffu ve Walesu a rozprostírá se na ploše větší než 30 akrů. Caerphilly je jednou z nejrozsáhlejších středověkých pevností v Británii. Jeho stavbu započal v roce 1268 anglo-normanský lord Gilbert z Clare. Hrad byl upraven ve 14. století. Soustředné kruhy kamenného a vodního opevnění jsou impozantní ještě dnes. Je proslulý svou jihovýchodní „šikmou věží“ (následek bojů během občanské války). Působivá aula (great hall) je dnes využívána k různým účelům. Vstupné pro dospělé činí 6 liber. (cs) Caerphilly Castle (Welsh: Castell Caerffili) is a medieval fortification in Caerphilly in South Wales. The castle was constructed by Gilbert de Clare in the 13th century as part of his campaign to maintain control of Glamorgan, and saw extensive fighting between Gilbert, his descendants, and the native Welsh rulers. Surrounded by extensive artificial lakes – considered by historian Allen Brown to be "the most elaborate water defences in all Britain" – it occupies around 30 acres (12 ha) and is the largest castle in Wales and the second-largest castle in the United Kingdom after Windsor Castle. It is famous for having introduced concentric castle defences to Britain and for its large gatehouses. Gilbert began work on the castle in 1268 following his occupation of the north of Glamorgan, with the majority of the construction occurring over the next three years at a considerable cost. The project was opposed by Gilbert's Welsh rival Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, leading to the site being burnt in 1270 and taken over by royal officials in 1271. Despite these interruptions, Gilbert successfully completed the castle and took control of the region. The core of Caerphilly Castle, including the castle's luxurious accommodation, was built on what became a central island, surrounding by several artificial lakes, a design Gilbert probably derived from that at Kenilworth. The dams for these lakes were further fortified, and an island to the west provided additional protection. The concentric rings of walls inspired Edward I's castles in North Wales, and proved what historian Norman Pounds has termed "a turning point in the history of the castle in Britain". The castle was attacked during the Madog ap Llywelyn revolt of 1294, the Llywelyn Bren uprising in 1316 and during the overthrow of Edward II in 1326–27. In the late 15th century, however, it fell into decline and by the 16th century the lakes had drained away and the walls were robbed of their stone. The Marquesses of Bute acquired the property in 1776 and under the third and fourth Marquesses extensive restoration took place. In 1950 the castle and grounds were given to the state and the water defences were re-flooded. In the 21st century, the Welsh heritage agency Cadw manages the site as a tourist attraction. (en) Caerphilly Castle (walisisch: Castell Caerffili) ist eine Burgruine in Wales. Die als Kulturdenkmal der Kategorie Grade I klassifizierte und als Scheduled Monument geschützte Ruine gilt mit einer Grundfläche von 1,2 ha nach Windsor Castle als die zweitgrößte Burg in Großbritannien, das Gelände der Burg umfasst mit den umgebenden Wasserflächen über 12 ha. Die von großen, künstlich angelegten Wasserflächen umgebene Burg ist die erste Burg in Großbritannien, die als vollkonzentrische Burg mit zwei Ringmauern geplant und erbaut wurde. Zum Zeitpunkt ihrer Erbauung war sie ein revolutionäres Meisterstück der Militärarchitektur und diente als Vorbild für die Burgen von König Eduard I. in Nordwales. (de) Caerphilly gaztelua (galeseraz Caerphilly Castle, galeseraz Castell Caerffili) Galesko hegoaldeko Caerphilly konderrian dagoen izen bereko udalerrian kokatzen den gaztelu bat da. (eu) Le château de Caerphilly (en gallois : Castell Caerffili) est un château normand du XIIIe siècle situé au cœur de la ville de Caerphilly, dans le sud du pays de Galles. L'une de ses particularités est de posséder une tour penchée, la Leaning Tower. Le château fut construit par Gilbert de Clare au XIIIe siècle dans le cadre de sa campagne pour conquérir Glamorgan, et fut le témoin de combats intenses entre Gilbert, ses descendants et les dirigeants gallois locaux. Entouré de vastes lacs artificiels - considérés par l'historien Allen Brown être « les moyens de défense en eau les plus élaborés de toute la Grande-Bretagne » - il occupe environ 30 hectares et arrive deuxième dans le classement des plus grands châteaux de Grande-Bretagne. Il est célèbre pour avoir introduit en Grande-Bretagne les moyens de défenses caractéristiques des châteaux concentriques et pour ses grands corps de garde. Gilbert commença à réaliser des travaux au château en 1268, à la suite de son occupation du nord de Glamorgan. La plus grande partie de la construction qui se produisit au cours des trois années qui suivirent eut un coût considérable. Le projet rencontra l'opposition de son rival gallois Llywelyn le Dernier, le site fut par conséquent brûlé en 1270, puis repris par les agents royaux en 1271. Malgré ces interruptions, Gilbert termina la rénovation du château avec succès et prit le contrôle de la région. L'essentiel du château de Caerphilly, logements luxueux y compris, fut construit sur ce qui est devenu un îlot central, entouré de plusieurs lacs artificiels, une conception que Gilbert avait probablement vue au château de Kenilworth. Les barrages de ces lacs furent davantage fortifiés, et une île située à l'ouest permettait une protection supplémentaire. Les anneaux concentriques de murs inspirèrent les châteaux d' Édouard Ier au nord du pays de Galles, et furent la preuve de ce que l'historien Norman Pounds appelait « un tournant dans l'histoire du château en Grande-Bretagne ». Le château fut attaqué pendant la révolte de Madog ap Llywelyn en 1294, le soulèvement de Llywelyn Bren en 1316, et lors du renversement d'Édouard II en 1326-1327. Cependant, à la fin du XVe siècle, il tomba en déclin, et au XVIe siècle, les lacs furent drainés et les murs dépouillés de leurs pierres. Les (en) acquirent la propriété en 1776, et sous le troisième et quatrième marquis, d'importants travaux de restauration eurent lieu. En 1950, le château et le parc furent donnés à l'État et les moyens de défense en eau furent inondés à nouveau. Au XXIe siècle, l'organisme du patrimoine gallois Cadw gère le site comme attraction touristique. (fr) El Castillo de Caerphilly es una fortificación normanda, situada en el centro de la pequeña ciudad de Caerphilly, en Gales del sur. Es el castillo más grande de Gales (el segundo más grande del Reino Unido detrás del Castillo de Windsor), y quizá una de las mayores fortalezas de Europa. Construido en su mayor parte entre 1268 y 1271, se trata de uno de los primeros ejemplos de castillo concéntrico. Se halla rodeado de lagos artificiales, poco profundos, destinados a frenar el avance enemigo e impedir los ataques subterráneos. (es) ケルフィリー城（ケルフィリーじょう、Caerphilly Castle）は、イギリスのウェールズ南部、ケルフィリーの中心にある城郭。城郭の規模はウェールズ最大で、イギリス全体ではウィンザー城についで2位である。二重の塀に囲まれ、大規模な水濠に囲まれた盤石の守備を誇る要塞として知られる。ウェールズ政府の歴史遺産管理機関 が観光地として管理している。 (ja) 카이어필리성(Caerphilly Castle)은 웨일스 카이어필리에 위치한 성이다. 3개의 해자가 있고 6개의 쇠창살문이 있다. (ko) Zamek Caerphilly (wal. Castell Caerfili, ang. Caerphilly Castle) – normański zamek położony w mieście Caerphilly w południowej Walii. Jest największym zamkiem w Walii i drugim co do wielkości (po Zamku Windsorskim) w Wielkiej Brytanii. Zamek zajmuje obszar 12 ha i otoczony jest sztucznym jeziorem. (pl) Il castello di Caerphilly (in inglese: Caerphilly Castle; in gallese: Castell Caerffili)] è un castello fortificato della cittadina di Caerphilly, nel Galles sud-orientale, costruito tra il 1268 e il 1271 per volere di Gilberto di Clare, VII conte di Gloucester (1243-1295), signore della Marca di Glamorgan e successivamente ampliato, fino al 1326. È la più grande fortezza medievale del Galles e una delle più grandi della Gran Bretagna (seconda solo al castello di Windsor) e dell'Europa occidentale. (it) O Castelo de Caerphilly (Castell Caerffili, em gaélico; Caerphilly Castle, em inglês) é um castelo normando que domina o centro histórico de Caerphilly, na Gales do Sul, Grã-Bretanha. Foi construído para parar as ambições de Llywelyn o Último em direcção a sul. Encontra-se classificado como um listed building com o Grau I desde 28 de janeiro de 1963. Erguido na sua maior parte entre 1268 e 1271, trata-se de um típico exemplar de fortificação normanda, o maior de Gales e considerado um dos maiores da Europa. É, ainda, um dos mais antigos exemplares de castelo concêntrico. Acha-se rodeado de lagos artificiais, pouco profundos, que se destinavam a retardar o avanço do inimigo e a impedir os trabalhos de sapa de suas muralhas. (pt) Caerphilly Castle (walesiska: Castell Caerffili) är en medeltida borgruin i sydöstra Wales. Den ligger i kommunen i Caerphilly, 11 km norr om Cardiff. Runt Caerphilly Castle är det tätbefolkat, med 709 invånare per kvadratkilometer. Trakten runt Caerphilly Castle består i huvudsak av gräsmarker. (sv) Замок Кайрфилли (англ. Caerfilly) — средневековый замок, находится в городе-графстве Кайрфилли, на территории традиционного графства Гламорган, в Уэльсе. (ru) 卡菲利城堡（英語：Caerphilly Castle，威爾斯語：Castell Caerffili）是位於英國威爾斯南部城市卡菲利的一座中世紀時期的城堡。卡菲利城堡被人工湖所包圍，佔地面積多達30英畝（12公頃），是英國面積第二大城堡。城堡始建於13世紀，自歷史上曾經遭遇多多次戰爭。現在卡菲利城堡已經成為一座觀光景點。 (zh) |
| dbo:builder | dbr:Gilbert_de_Clare,_3rd_Earl_of_Gloucester |
| dbo:buildingEndDate | 1268–1290 |
| dbo:location | dbr:Caerphilly dbr:United_Kingdom dbr:Wales |
| dbo:owner | dbr:Cadw |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Caerphilly_aerial.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:type | dbr:Concentric_castle |
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| dbp:align | right (en) |
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| dbp:built | 1268 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:caption | Caerphilly Castle and moat (en) |
| dbp:condition | Ruined, with partial restoration (en) |
| dbp:date | 2012-03-24 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:events | dbr:English_Civil_War dbr:Invasion_of_England_(1326) dbr:Welsh_Wars |
| dbp:footer | 1950.0 (dbd:second) The restored Inner East Gatehouse , inspired by that at Tonbridge Castle in Kent (en) |
| dbp:image | The North Dam, Caerphilly Castle - geograph.org.uk - 1084857.jpg (en) Eastern part of the moat and walls of Caerphilly Castle. - geograph.org.uk - 1728737.jpg (en) Tonbridge Castle Gatehouse - geograph.org.uk - 1538501.jpg (en) Caerphilly Castle.jpg (en) |
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| dbp:materials | dbr:Pennant_Sandstone |
| dbp:name | Caerphilly Castle (en) |
| dbp:ownership | dbr:Cadw |
| dbp:partof | the Caerphilly County Borough (en) |
| dbp:siteArea | Around (en) |
| dbp:type | dbr:Concentric_castle |
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| gold:hypernym | dbr:Fortification |
| schema:sameAs | http://viaf.org/viaf/316594010 |
| georss:point | 51.5761 -3.2203 |
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| rdfs:comment | El castell de Caerphilly (anomenat Caerffili en gal·lès) és una fortificació normanda, ubicada al centre de la petita ciutat de Sir Caerffili, a Gal·les del Sud. És el castell de dimensions més àmplies de Gal·les (també el segon més gran del Regne Unit, després del castell de Windsor) i, potser, fins i tot, una de les majors fortaleses d'Europa. Construït majoritàriament als anys 1268 i 1271, es tracta d'un dels primers exemples d'un castell concèntric. Té un gran nombre de llacs artificials al seu voltant, de poca profunditat: tenien l'objectiu de frenar l'avanç enemic i els atacs sota terra. (ca) Caerphilly Castle (walisisch: Castell Caerffili) ist eine Burgruine in Wales. Die als Kulturdenkmal der Kategorie Grade I klassifizierte und als Scheduled Monument geschützte Ruine gilt mit einer Grundfläche von 1,2 ha nach Windsor Castle als die zweitgrößte Burg in Großbritannien, das Gelände der Burg umfasst mit den umgebenden Wasserflächen über 12 ha. Die von großen, künstlich angelegten Wasserflächen umgebene Burg ist die erste Burg in Großbritannien, die als vollkonzentrische Burg mit zwei Ringmauern geplant und erbaut wurde. Zum Zeitpunkt ihrer Erbauung war sie ein revolutionäres Meisterstück der Militärarchitektur und diente als Vorbild für die Burgen von König Eduard I. in Nordwales. (de) Caerphilly gaztelua (galeseraz Caerphilly Castle, galeseraz Castell Caerffili) Galesko hegoaldeko Caerphilly konderrian dagoen izen bereko udalerrian kokatzen den gaztelu bat da. (eu) El Castillo de Caerphilly es una fortificación normanda, situada en el centro de la pequeña ciudad de Caerphilly, en Gales del sur. Es el castillo más grande de Gales (el segundo más grande del Reino Unido detrás del Castillo de Windsor), y quizá una de las mayores fortalezas de Europa. Construido en su mayor parte entre 1268 y 1271, se trata de uno de los primeros ejemplos de castillo concéntrico. Se halla rodeado de lagos artificiales, poco profundos, destinados a frenar el avance enemigo e impedir los ataques subterráneos. (es) ケルフィリー城（ケルフィリーじょう、Caerphilly Castle）は、イギリスのウェールズ南部、ケルフィリーの中心にある城郭。城郭の規模はウェールズ最大で、イギリス全体ではウィンザー城についで2位である。二重の塀に囲まれ、大規模な水濠に囲まれた盤石の守備を誇る要塞として知られる。ウェールズ政府の歴史遺産管理機関 が観光地として管理している。 (ja) 카이어필리성(Caerphilly Castle)은 웨일스 카이어필리에 위치한 성이다. 3개의 해자가 있고 6개의 쇠창살문이 있다. (ko) Zamek Caerphilly (wal. Castell Caerfili, ang. Caerphilly Castle) – normański zamek położony w mieście Caerphilly w południowej Walii. Jest największym zamkiem w Walii i drugim co do wielkości (po Zamku Windsorskim) w Wielkiej Brytanii. Zamek zajmuje obszar 12 ha i otoczony jest sztucznym jeziorem. (pl) Il castello di Caerphilly (in inglese: Caerphilly Castle; in gallese: Castell Caerffili)] è un castello fortificato della cittadina di Caerphilly, nel Galles sud-orientale, costruito tra il 1268 e il 1271 per volere di Gilberto di Clare, VII conte di Gloucester (1243-1295), signore della Marca di Glamorgan e successivamente ampliato, fino al 1326. È la più grande fortezza medievale del Galles e una delle più grandi della Gran Bretagna (seconda solo al castello di Windsor) e dell'Europa occidentale. (it) Caerphilly Castle (walesiska: Castell Caerffili) är en medeltida borgruin i sydöstra Wales. Den ligger i kommunen i Caerphilly, 11 km norr om Cardiff. Runt Caerphilly Castle är det tätbefolkat, med 709 invånare per kvadratkilometer. Trakten runt Caerphilly Castle består i huvudsak av gräsmarker. (sv) Замок Кайрфилли (англ. Caerfilly) — средневековый замок, находится в городе-графстве Кайрфилли, на территории традиционного графства Гламорган, в Уэльсе. (ru) 卡菲利城堡（英語：Caerphilly Castle，威爾斯語：Castell Caerffili）是位於英國威爾斯南部城市卡菲利的一座中世紀時期的城堡。卡菲利城堡被人工湖所包圍，佔地面積多達30英畝（12公頃），是英國面積第二大城堡。城堡始建於13世紀，自歷史上曾經遭遇多多次戰爭。現在卡菲利城堡已經成為一座觀光景點。 (zh) Hrad Caerphilly (velšsky Castell Caerffili) je druhý nejrozsáhlejší hrad ve Velké Británii, leží 10 kilometrů severně od Cardiffu ve Walesu a rozprostírá se na ploše větší než 30 akrů. Caerphilly je jednou z nejrozsáhlejších středověkých pevností v Británii. Jeho stavbu započal v roce 1268 anglo-normanský lord Gilbert z Clare. Hrad byl upraven ve 14. století. Soustředné kruhy kamenného a vodního opevnění jsou impozantní ještě dnes. (cs) Caerphilly Castle (Welsh: Castell Caerffili) is a medieval fortification in Caerphilly in South Wales. The castle was constructed by Gilbert de Clare in the 13th century as part of his campaign to maintain control of Glamorgan, and saw extensive fighting between Gilbert, his descendants, and the native Welsh rulers. Surrounded by extensive artificial lakes – considered by historian Allen Brown to be "the most elaborate water defences in all Britain" – it occupies around 30 acres (12 ha) and is the largest castle in Wales and the second-largest castle in the United Kingdom after Windsor Castle. It is famous for having introduced concentric castle defences to Britain and for its large gatehouses. Gilbert began work on the castle in 1268 following his occupation of the north of Glamorgan, wit (en) Le château de Caerphilly (en gallois : Castell Caerffili) est un château normand du XIIIe siècle situé au cœur de la ville de Caerphilly, dans le sud du pays de Galles. L'une de ses particularités est de posséder une tour penchée, la Leaning Tower. Le château fut construit par Gilbert de Clare au XIIIe siècle dans le cadre de sa campagne pour conquérir Glamorgan, et fut le témoin de combats intenses entre Gilbert, ses descendants et les dirigeants gallois locaux. Entouré de vastes lacs artificiels - considérés par l'historien Allen Brown être « les moyens de défense en eau les plus élaborés de toute la Grande-Bretagne » - il occupe environ 30 hectares et arrive deuxième dans le classement des plus grands châteaux de Grande-Bretagne. Il est célèbre pour avoir introduit en Grande-Bretagne le (fr) O Castelo de Caerphilly (Castell Caerffili, em gaélico; Caerphilly Castle, em inglês) é um castelo normando que domina o centro histórico de Caerphilly, na Gales do Sul, Grã-Bretanha. Foi construído para parar as ambições de Llywelyn o Último em direcção a sul. Encontra-se classificado como um listed building com o Grau I desde 28 de janeiro de 1963. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | Caerphilly Castle (en) Castell de Caerphilly (ca) Caerphilly (hrad) (cs) Caerphilly Castle (de) Castillo de Caerphilly (es) Caerphilly gaztelua (eu) Château de Caerphilly (fr) Castello di Caerphilly (it) 카이어필리성 (ko) ケルフィリー城 (ja) Zamek Caerphilly (pl) Castelo de Caerphilly (pt) Замок Кайрфилли (ru) Caerphilly Castle (sv) 卡菲利城堡 (zh) |
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