| dbo:abstract |
بريمارين (بالإنجليزية: Premarin) الاسم التجاري لعقار مجمع يتألف أساسا من الاستروجين السحائية. مستخلص من بول أنثى الخيل الحامل، يتم تصنيعه من قبل شركة وايث (Wyeth) للأدوية (جزء من شركة فايزر منذ يناير 2009)، متداول منذ عام 1942. ومتوفر على شكل شراب للفم (0.3 / 0.45 / 0.625 / 0.9 / 1.25 mg) وبشكل حبوب. (ar) Conjugated estrogens (CEs), or conjugated equine estrogens (CEEs), sold under the brand name Premarin among others, is an estrogen medication which is used in menopausal hormone therapy and for various other indications. It is a mixture of the sodium salts of estrogen conjugates found in horses, such as estrone sulfate and equilin sulfate. CEEs are available in the form of both natural preparations manufactured from the urine of pregnant mares and fully synthetic replications of the natural preparations. They are formulated both alone and in combination with progestins such as medroxyprogesterone acetate. CEEs are usually taken by mouth, but can also be given by application to the skin or vagina as a cream or by injection into a blood vessel or muscle. Side effects of CEEs include breast tenderness and enlargement, headache, fluid retention, and nausea among others. It may increase the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer in women with an intact uterus if it is not taken together with a progestogen like progesterone. The medication may also increase the risk of blood clots, cardiovascular disease, and, when combined with most progestogens, breast cancer. CEEs are estrogens, or agonists of the estrogen receptor, the biological target of estrogens like estradiol. Compared to estradiol, certain estrogens in CEEs are more resistant to metabolism, and the medication shows relatively increased effects in certain parts of the body like the liver. This results in an increased risk of blood clots and cardiovascular problems with CEEs relative to estradiol. Premarin, the major brand of CEEs in use, is manufactured by Pfizer and was first marketed in 1941 in Canada and in 1942 in the United States. It is the most commonly used form of estrogen in menopausal hormone therapy in the United States. However, it has begun to fall out of favor relative to bioidentical estradiol, which is the most widely used form of estrogen in Europe for menopausal hormone therapy. CEEs are available widely throughout the world. An estrogen preparation very similar to CEEs but differing in source and composition is esterified estrogens. In 2020, it was the 283rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions. (en) Le Premarin est un médicament à base d'œstrogènes conjugués, utilisé pour traiter les troubles de la ménopause chez la femme. Son nom vient de l'anglais pregnant mare urine désignant l'ingrédient principal, l'urine de jument gestante. Il a été mis sur le marché pour la première fois par l’entreprise Pfizer en 1941. D'autres médicaments utilisent des œstrogènes conjugués d'origine équine, comme le Premplus, commercialisé par le même entreprise, le Climopax et le Duavive. Les œstrogènes conjugués d'origine équine ne sont plus commercialisés en France. (fr) Сульфат эстрона/сульфат эквилина — препарат на основе коньюгированных эстрогенов, используемых для лечения нарушений менопаузы у женщин (для лечения приливов, жжения, зуда и сухости влагалища). Продаётся под торговым названием Премарин. (ru) 結合型雌激素（英語：Conjugated estrogens，旧误译共轭雌激素），也称妊马雌酮，商品名稱為普立馬（Premarin，取自pregnant mares' urine的縮寫），是一種常用雌激素藥物，惠氏製藥公司生產，是一種從懷孕母馬的尿液取得的藥物。它含有雌酮（Estrone）、马烯雌酮等雌激素的硫酸根结合形式。 (zh) |
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http://hormonebalance.org/images/documents/Kuhl%2005%20%20Pharm%20Estro%20Progest%20Climacteric_1313155660.pdf https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/estrogens%2C%20conjugated https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/steroidal%20estrogens https://web.archive.org/web/20081218203608/http:/public.nhlbi.nih.gov/newsroom/home/GetPressRelease.aspx%3Fid=2554 |
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Estrone sulfate, the primary active component in conjugated estrogens . (en) Equilin sulfate, the second most major active component in conjugated estrogens . (en) This diagram illustrates the chemical structures of the active/unconjugated forms of the equine estrogens present in conjugated estrogens. (en) |
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بريمارين (بالإنجليزية: Premarin) الاسم التجاري لعقار مجمع يتألف أساسا من الاستروجين السحائية. مستخلص من بول أنثى الخيل الحامل، يتم تصنيعه من قبل شركة وايث (Wyeth) للأدوية (جزء من شركة فايزر منذ يناير 2009)، متداول منذ عام 1942. ومتوفر على شكل شراب للفم (0.3 / 0.45 / 0.625 / 0.9 / 1.25 mg) وبشكل حبوب. (ar) Le Premarin est un médicament à base d'œstrogènes conjugués, utilisé pour traiter les troubles de la ménopause chez la femme. Son nom vient de l'anglais pregnant mare urine désignant l'ingrédient principal, l'urine de jument gestante. Il a été mis sur le marché pour la première fois par l’entreprise Pfizer en 1941. D'autres médicaments utilisent des œstrogènes conjugués d'origine équine, comme le Premplus, commercialisé par le même entreprise, le Climopax et le Duavive. Les œstrogènes conjugués d'origine équine ne sont plus commercialisés en France. (fr) Сульфат эстрона/сульфат эквилина — препарат на основе коньюгированных эстрогенов, используемых для лечения нарушений менопаузы у женщин (для лечения приливов, жжения, зуда и сухости влагалища). Продаётся под торговым названием Премарин. (ru) 結合型雌激素（英語：Conjugated estrogens，旧误译共轭雌激素），也称妊马雌酮，商品名稱為普立馬（Premarin，取自pregnant mares' urine的縮寫），是一種常用雌激素藥物，惠氏製藥公司生產，是一種從懷孕母馬的尿液取得的藥物。它含有雌酮（Estrone）、马烯雌酮等雌激素的硫酸根结合形式。 (zh) Conjugated estrogens (CEs), or conjugated equine estrogens (CEEs), sold under the brand name Premarin among others, is an estrogen medication which is used in menopausal hormone therapy and for various other indications. It is a mixture of the sodium salts of estrogen conjugates found in horses, such as estrone sulfate and equilin sulfate. CEEs are available in the form of both natural preparations manufactured from the urine of pregnant mares and fully synthetic replications of the natural preparations. They are formulated both alone and in combination with progestins such as medroxyprogesterone acetate. CEEs are usually taken by mouth, but can also be given by application to the skin or vagina as a cream or by injection into a blood vessel or muscle. (en) |
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