Eileen Chang (original) (raw)
ايلين تشانغ (بالإنجليزية: Eileen Chang) (و. 1920 – 1995 م) هي كاتبة سيناريو، وصحفية، ومترجمة، وكاتِبة، من الولايات المتحدة، ولدت في شانغهاي، توفيت في وست وود، عن عمر يناهز 75 عاماً.
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| dbo:abstract | ايلين تشانغ (بالإنجليزية: Eileen Chang) (و. 1920 – 1995 م) هي كاتبة سيناريو، وصحفية، ومترجمة، وكاتِبة، من الولايات المتحدة، ولدت في شانغهاي، توفيت في وست وود، عن عمر يناهز 75 عاماً. (ar) Eileen Chang (en xinès tradicional: 張愛玲; en xinès simplificat: 张爱玲, en Wade-Giles: Chang Ai-ling, en pinyin: Zhāng Àilíng) (Xangai, Xina, 30 de setembre de 1920 - Los Angeles, Estats Units, 8 de setembre de 1995) fou una escriptora en llengua xinesa i anglesa. La seva obra El cadenat d'or és considerada una de les obres cabdals de la literatura xinesa del segle xx. Chang va abandonar la República Popular Xina el 1952, poc després de la proclamació del règim comunista. Precisament per la seva poca simpatia pel règim comunista, la seva figura i la seva obra van ser condemnades a l'ostracisme a la mateixa Xina durant molts anys, encara que aquesta situació ha canviat darrerament. (ca) Zhang Ailing (chinesisch 張愛玲 / 张爱玲, Pinyin Zhāng Àilíng, W.-G. Chang Ai-ling; auch Eileen Chang; * 30. September 1920 als Zhang Ying (張煐 / 张煐, Zhāng Yīng, Chang Ying) in Shanghai, Republik China; † 8. September 1995 in Los Angeles, Vereinigte Staaten) war eine chinesische Schriftstellerin und Drehbuchautorin. Sie zählt zu den modernen Klassikern der chinesischen Literatur. (de) Eileen Chang (traditional Chinese: 張愛玲; simplified Chinese: 张爱玲; pinyin: Zhāng Àilíng; Wade–Giles: Chang1 Ai4-ling2；September 30, 1920 – September 8, 1995), also known as Chang Ai-ling or Zhang Ailing, or by her pen name Liang Jing (梁京), was a Chinese-born American essayist, novelist, and screenwriter. She is a well-known feminist in Chinese history, known for portraying life in the 1940s Shanghai and Hong Kong. Chang was born with an aristocratic lineage and educated bilingually in Shanghai. She gained literary prominence in Japanese-occupied Shanghai between 1943 and 1945. However, after the Communist takeover of China, she fled the country. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, she was rediscovered by scholars such as C. T. Hsia and Shui Jing. Together with the re-examination of literary histories in the post-Mao era during the late 1970s and early 1980s, she rose again to literary prominence in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Mainland China, and the Chinese diaspora communities. In the early 1990s, Zhang Ailing became popular to the people in China mainland again. Chang was a realist and modernist writer. Her most important contribution was her construction of a unique wartime narrative, one that deviated from the grand accounts of national salvation and revolution. She sought to recount the seemingly irrelevant details and experiences of daily life of ordinary men and women in periods of social change and violence. Chang was also known for her view of modern history, displaying colours, lines, and moods in her writing and juxtaposition of historical reality with the domain of domesticity. (en) Chang Ai-ling, conocida como Eileen Chang (en chino tradicional, 張愛玲; en chino simplificado, 张爱玲; pinyin, Zhāng Àilíng; Wade-Giles, Chang¹ Ai⁴-ling²; Shanghái, República de China, 30 de septiembre de 1920 - Los Ángeles, Estados Unidos, 8 de septiembre de 1995) fue una escritora china-estadounidense. Su obra El Candado de Oro está considerada una de las obras maestras de la literatura china del siglo XX. Abandonó la República Popular China en 1952, poco después de la proclamación del régimen comunista. Precisamente por su rechazo al régimen comunista, su figura y su obra fueron condenadas al ostracismo en la propia China durante muchos años. (es) Eileen Chang ou Chang Ai-ling (chinois traditionnel : 張愛玲 ; chinois simplifié : 张爱玲 ; pinyin : Zhāng Àilíng ; Wade : Chang Ai-ling), est une femme de lettres sino-américaine, romancière, scénariste, traductrice, essayiste, née le 30 septembre 1920 à Shanghai et morte le 8 septembre 1995 à Los Angeles. D’une renommée considérable dans le monde sinophone, son œuvre en langue chinoise a été l’objet de nombreuses adaptations (films, pièces de théâtre, séries…) et a suscité quantité de débats et travaux de recherches, relancés régulièrement par des éditions posthumes. Bilingue, initiée dès son plus jeune âge aux chefs-d’œuvre de la littérature chinoise classique, Eileen Chang a suivi sa scolarité dans des écoles anglaises ou américaines et a mené sa carrière tant en anglais qu’en chinois. Elle bénéficie d’une reconnaissance considérable et immédiate dès la parution de ses premières œuvres à Shanghai en 1943, du fait de son style incomparable, nourri d’érudition autant que de culture populaire, et de sa personnalité brillante et singulière. Elle s’exile au début des années 1950, à Hong Kong puis aux États-Unis. Son œuvre en anglais, quoique assez développée, n’a pas connu le même accueil que celle en chinois. (fr) 장아이링(중국어 정체자: 張愛玲, 간체자: 张爱玲, 병음: Zhāng Aìlíng, 1920년 9월 30일 ~ 1995년 9월 8일)은 중국의 소설가, 산문가, 영화작가이다. '량징(梁京)'이라는 가명으로도 알려 있다. 중국 현대문학을 대표하는 작가로 《색, 계》의 작가로 잘 알려져 있다. 무엇보다도 상하이 시민이라는 사실에 자부심을 느꼈고, 대부분 작품에도 상하이 시내를 묘사하는 장면이 많이 나온다. 또한 장아이링의 작품은 남성과 여성이 서로를 사랑하면서 느끼는 정신적 긴장을 자주 다루고 있다. 일부 학자들은 그녀의 작품을 당대 중국문학에서 최고라고 평가하기도 한다. 장아이링의 작품에는 1940년대의 상하이와 일본이 점령한 홍콩에서의 삶을 묘사하면서 그 삶의 일상적인 측면에 초점을 맞추고 당대의 다른 많은 작가들이 의도했던 문학작품 배후에 숨어있는 정치적인 의미가 없다는 특징이 있다. (Yuan Qiongqiong)은 장아이링에게 영감을 얻은 대만 작가이다. 시인이자 서던캘리포니아 대학교의 교수인 도미닉 정은 "중국에서 민족주의자와 공산주의자의 정치적 분열이 없었다면, 그녀는 거의 확실히 노벨상을 수상했을 것"이라고 말했다. 장아이링의 폭발적인 인기와 유명한 이미지는 외국으로 이민을 가서 은둔 생활을 하다가 결국 갑작스런 심장혈관 질환으로 74세에 사망한 그녀의 비극적인 실제 삶과 대조를 이룬다. 그녀는 죽는 순간까지 외롭게 죽었고 로스엔젤레스의 시민들에게 어떠한 장례의식도 치르지 말고 바로 화장하여 뿌려달라고 유언을 남겼고 실제로 그녀의 유해는 지인들에 의해 태평양에 뿌려졌다. (ko) 張 愛玲（ちょう あいれい、アイリーン・チャン、英: Eileen Chang、1920年9月30日 - 1995年9月8日）は、中国の小説家。代表作に『金鎖記』『傾城之恋』『半生縁』『怨女』『赤地之恋』『秧歌』などがある。小説家としての執筆活動のほか、香港電懋電影公司の『南北一家親』など6本の脚本を書いたり、翻訳、考証に携わった。日本でも翻訳本、張愛玲の伝記が発売されている。 (ja) Zhang Ailing (in cinese: 張愛玲T, 张爱玲S, Zhāng ÀilíngP, Chang Ai-lingW), nota anche con il nome inglese Eileen Chang, (Shanghai, 30 settembre 1920 – Los Angeles, 8 settembre 1995) è stata una scrittrice, saggista e sceneggiatrice cinese, e una delle più influenti voci del panorama letterario cinese moderno. Zhang è nota per i suoi romanzi che affrontano il tema delle tensioni amorose tra uomini e donne e della vita quotidiana nella Shanghai degli anni Quaranta e nella Hong Kong occupata dai giapponesi. A differenza di molti altri scrittori dell'epoca, la sua scrittura è priva di un significato politico sottinteso. La popolarità di Zhang e la sua immagine pubblica sono state in netto contrasto con la sua vita personale, ricca di delusioni e tragedie e caratterizzata dall'isolamento. (it) Eileen Chang (Shanghai, 30 september 1920 – Los Angeles, 8 september 1995), ook bekend als Zhang Ailing of Chang Ai-ling, was een in China geboren Amerikaans essayist, schrijver van novellen en films. Chang werd geboren in een aristocratisch milieu en tweetalig opgevoed in Shanghai. Ze groeide uit tot een literaire bekendheid vanaf 1943 in het door Japanners bezette Shanghai. Haar snelle opkomst werd ook snel afgebroken door haar huwelijk met de als collaborateur met de Japanners bekendstaande en na de communistische machtsovername in 1949. Zij week uit naar de Verenigde Staten. Ze had daar een tweede huwelijk. Rond 1970 werd ze herontdekt. Ongeveer 10 jaar later, na de dood van Mao Zedong, bereikte haar werk een nieuwe populariteit in Taiwan, Hongkong en op het vasteland van China, door belangstelling naar haar hervertelling van Chinese verhalen. Chang’s belangrijkste bijdrage was haar constructie van een alternatief verslag van de oorlogstijd, een die afweek van de grote berichtgevingen over nationale redding en revolutie. Haar impressionistische kijk op de moderne geschiedenis laten kleuren, vormen, lijnen, structuren en modes zien die zich vaak kristalliseren in de veranderende stijlen van vrouwenkleren. (nl) Eileen Chang (chiń. upr. 张爱玲; chiń. trad. 張愛玲; pinyin Zhāng Ailíng, ur. 1920, zm. 1995) – chińska pisarka, autorka powieści, opowiadań i licznych scenariuszy filmowych. Eileen Chang studiowała literaturę na uniwersytecie w Hongkongu. Już pierwsze książki przyniosły jej olbrzymią popularność. W 1955 roku wyjechała do Stanów Zjednoczonych, gdzie mieszkała i tworzyła do końca życia. (pl) Чжан Айли́н, также известная как Э́йлин Чанг (кит. трад. 張愛玲, упр. 张爱玲, пиньинь Zhāng Àilíng, англ. Eileen Chang, 20 сентября 1920 — 8 сентября 1995) — китайская писательница (хотя бо́льшую часть жизни Чжан прожила в США, все свои основные произведения она написала, пребывая в Китае и на китайском языке). (ru) Eileen Chang (chinês tradicional: 張愛玲, chinês simplificado: 张爱玲, pinyin: Zhāng Àilíng; Xangai, 30 de setembro de 1920 — Los Angeles, 08 de setembro de 1995), também conhecida como Zhang Ailing ou Chang Ai-ling, ou ainda pelo pseudônimo Liang Jing (梁京), foi uma ensaísta, romancista e roteirista chinesa naturalizada americana. É reconhecida como uma das feministas mais célebres da história contemporânea chinesa e ícone da cultura xangaiense. Chang ganhou notoriedade literária no decorrer da década de 1940, durante o período de ocupação japonesa em Xangai. (pt) Eileen Chang, även Chang Ai-ling eller Zhang Ailing, född 30 september 1920 i Shanghai, död 8 september 1995 i Los Angeles, var en kinesisk-amerikansk författare. Hennes berättelser handlar ofta om spänningsfyllda relationer mellan män och kvinnor, ofta med en melankolisk och pessimistisk underton. (sv) 張愛玲（1920年9月30日－1995年9月8日），原名張煐，，筆名梁京等，是出身上海、後來長年定居於美國的散文家、小說家、劇本作家及劇本評論家。 她的祖父與外曾祖父分別為張佩綸與李鴻章；他們都曾在清朝中央政府中擔任顯要職務。她自幼在上海接受雙語教育。1943年至1945年間，她在日本控制下的上海取得高度文學成就。1950年後，因面臨政治壓力等，她遷居香港，後又遷居美國。1960年代末至1970年代初，她的作品被夏志清等學者重新發掘，她的作品由此開始再次受到來自廣大華人社群的歡迎。 她的主要寫作風格被歸類於現實主義和現代主義。 有文學評論者認為，她建立了另一種描寫中國抗日戰爭下中國大眾生活的寫作方式；該種敘事方式與當時（及其後），中國文學界對於該段時期之主流描述方式有明顯差異。 在她主要作品中，她對現代史的印象派觀點，被她以對於顏色、線條、形狀、質地和情緒等相關描述詞彙展示；該些描述經常被體現於其作品中所顯示之女性服裝風格變化。 (zh) Чжан Айлін (張愛玲, 30 вересня 1920 — 8 вересня 1995) — китайська письменниця, сценарист. (uk) |
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| rdfs:comment | ايلين تشانغ (بالإنجليزية: Eileen Chang) (و. 1920 – 1995 م) هي كاتبة سيناريو، وصحفية، ومترجمة، وكاتِبة، من الولايات المتحدة، ولدت في شانغهاي، توفيت في وست وود، عن عمر يناهز 75 عاماً. (ar) Zhang Ailing (chinesisch 張愛玲 / 张爱玲, Pinyin Zhāng Àilíng, W.-G. Chang Ai-ling; auch Eileen Chang; * 30. September 1920 als Zhang Ying (張煐 / 张煐, Zhāng Yīng, Chang Ying) in Shanghai, Republik China; † 8. September 1995 in Los Angeles, Vereinigte Staaten) war eine chinesische Schriftstellerin und Drehbuchautorin. Sie zählt zu den modernen Klassikern der chinesischen Literatur. (de) 張 愛玲（ちょう あいれい、アイリーン・チャン、英: Eileen Chang、1920年9月30日 - 1995年9月8日）は、中国の小説家。代表作に『金鎖記』『傾城之恋』『半生縁』『怨女』『赤地之恋』『秧歌』などがある。小説家としての執筆活動のほか、香港電懋電影公司の『南北一家親』など6本の脚本を書いたり、翻訳、考証に携わった。日本でも翻訳本、張愛玲の伝記が発売されている。 (ja) Eileen Chang (chiń. upr. 张爱玲; chiń. trad. 張愛玲; pinyin Zhāng Ailíng, ur. 1920, zm. 1995) – chińska pisarka, autorka powieści, opowiadań i licznych scenariuszy filmowych. Eileen Chang studiowała literaturę na uniwersytecie w Hongkongu. Już pierwsze książki przyniosły jej olbrzymią popularność. W 1955 roku wyjechała do Stanów Zjednoczonych, gdzie mieszkała i tworzyła do końca życia. (pl) Чжан Айли́н, также известная как Э́йлин Чанг (кит. трад. 張愛玲, упр. 张爱玲, пиньинь Zhāng Àilíng, англ. Eileen Chang, 20 сентября 1920 — 8 сентября 1995) — китайская писательница (хотя бо́льшую часть жизни Чжан прожила в США, все свои основные произведения она написала, пребывая в Китае и на китайском языке). (ru) Eileen Chang (chinês tradicional: 張愛玲, chinês simplificado: 张爱玲, pinyin: Zhāng Àilíng; Xangai, 30 de setembro de 1920 — Los Angeles, 08 de setembro de 1995), também conhecida como Zhang Ailing ou Chang Ai-ling, ou ainda pelo pseudônimo Liang Jing (梁京), foi uma ensaísta, romancista e roteirista chinesa naturalizada americana. É reconhecida como uma das feministas mais célebres da história contemporânea chinesa e ícone da cultura xangaiense. Chang ganhou notoriedade literária no decorrer da década de 1940, durante o período de ocupação japonesa em Xangai. (pt) Eileen Chang, även Chang Ai-ling eller Zhang Ailing, född 30 september 1920 i Shanghai, död 8 september 1995 i Los Angeles, var en kinesisk-amerikansk författare. Hennes berättelser handlar ofta om spänningsfyllda relationer mellan män och kvinnor, ofta med en melankolisk och pessimistisk underton. (sv) 張愛玲（1920年9月30日－1995年9月8日），原名張煐，，筆名梁京等，是出身上海、後來長年定居於美國的散文家、小說家、劇本作家及劇本評論家。 她的祖父與外曾祖父分別為張佩綸與李鴻章；他們都曾在清朝中央政府中擔任顯要職務。她自幼在上海接受雙語教育。1943年至1945年間，她在日本控制下的上海取得高度文學成就。1950年後，因面臨政治壓力等，她遷居香港，後又遷居美國。1960年代末至1970年代初，她的作品被夏志清等學者重新發掘，她的作品由此開始再次受到來自廣大華人社群的歡迎。 她的主要寫作風格被歸類於現實主義和現代主義。 有文學評論者認為，她建立了另一種描寫中國抗日戰爭下中國大眾生活的寫作方式；該種敘事方式與當時（及其後），中國文學界對於該段時期之主流描述方式有明顯差異。 在她主要作品中，她對現代史的印象派觀點，被她以對於顏色、線條、形狀、質地和情緒等相關描述詞彙展示；該些描述經常被體現於其作品中所顯示之女性服裝風格變化。 (zh) Чжан Айлін (張愛玲, 30 вересня 1920 — 8 вересня 1995) — китайська письменниця, сценарист. (uk) Eileen Chang (en xinès tradicional: 張愛玲; en xinès simplificat: 张爱玲, en Wade-Giles: Chang Ai-ling, en pinyin: Zhāng Àilíng) (Xangai, Xina, 30 de setembre de 1920 - Los Angeles, Estats Units, 8 de setembre de 1995) fou una escriptora en llengua xinesa i anglesa. (ca) Eileen Chang (traditional Chinese: 張愛玲; simplified Chinese: 张爱玲; pinyin: Zhāng Àilíng; Wade–Giles: Chang1 Ai4-ling2；September 30, 1920 – September 8, 1995), also known as Chang Ai-ling or Zhang Ailing, or by her pen name Liang Jing (梁京), was a Chinese-born American essayist, novelist, and screenwriter. She is a well-known feminist in Chinese history, known for portraying life in the 1940s Shanghai and Hong Kong. (en) Chang Ai-ling, conocida como Eileen Chang (en chino tradicional, 張愛玲; en chino simplificado, 张爱玲; pinyin, Zhāng Àilíng; Wade-Giles, Chang¹ Ai⁴-ling²; Shanghái, República de China, 30 de septiembre de 1920 - Los Ángeles, Estados Unidos, 8 de septiembre de 1995) fue una escritora china-estadounidense. (es) Eileen Chang ou Chang Ai-ling (chinois traditionnel : 張愛玲 ; chinois simplifié : 张爱玲 ; pinyin : Zhāng Àilíng ; Wade : Chang Ai-ling), est une femme de lettres sino-américaine, romancière, scénariste, traductrice, essayiste, née le 30 septembre 1920 à Shanghai et morte le 8 septembre 1995 à Los Angeles. D’une renommée considérable dans le monde sinophone, son œuvre en langue chinoise a été l’objet de nombreuses adaptations (films, pièces de théâtre, séries…) et a suscité quantité de débats et travaux de recherches, relancés régulièrement par des éditions posthumes. Bilingue, initiée dès son plus jeune âge aux chefs-d’œuvre de la littérature chinoise classique, Eileen Chang a suivi sa scolarité dans des écoles anglaises ou américaines et a mené sa carrière tant en anglais qu’en chinois. Elle (fr) Zhang Ailing (in cinese: 張愛玲T, 张爱玲S, Zhāng ÀilíngP, Chang Ai-lingW), nota anche con il nome inglese Eileen Chang, (Shanghai, 30 settembre 1920 – Los Angeles, 8 settembre 1995) è stata una scrittrice, saggista e sceneggiatrice cinese, e una delle più influenti voci del panorama letterario cinese moderno. La popolarità di Zhang e la sua immagine pubblica sono state in netto contrasto con la sua vita personale, ricca di delusioni e tragedie e caratterizzata dall'isolamento. (it) 장아이링(중국어 정체자: 張愛玲, 간체자: 张爱玲, 병음: Zhāng Aìlíng, 1920년 9월 30일 ~ 1995년 9월 8일)은 중국의 소설가, 산문가, 영화작가이다. '량징(梁京)'이라는 가명으로도 알려 있다. 중국 현대문학을 대표하는 작가로 《색, 계》의 작가로 잘 알려져 있다. 무엇보다도 상하이 시민이라는 사실에 자부심을 느꼈고, 대부분 작품에도 상하이 시내를 묘사하는 장면이 많이 나온다. 또한 장아이링의 작품은 남성과 여성이 서로를 사랑하면서 느끼는 정신적 긴장을 자주 다루고 있다. 일부 학자들은 그녀의 작품을 당대 중국문학에서 최고라고 평가하기도 한다. 장아이링의 작품에는 1940년대의 상하이와 일본이 점령한 홍콩에서의 삶을 묘사하면서 그 삶의 일상적인 측면에 초점을 맞추고 당대의 다른 많은 작가들이 의도했던 문학작품 배후에 숨어있는 정치적인 의미가 없다는 특징이 있다. (Yuan Qiongqiong)은 장아이링에게 영감을 얻은 대만 작가이다. 시인이자 서던캘리포니아 대학교의 교수인 도미닉 정은 "중국에서 민족주의자와 공산주의자의 정치적 분열이 없었다면, 그녀는 거의 확실히 노벨상을 수상했을 것"이라고 말했다. (ko) Eileen Chang (Shanghai, 30 september 1920 – Los Angeles, 8 september 1995), ook bekend als Zhang Ailing of Chang Ai-ling, was een in China geboren Amerikaans essayist, schrijver van novellen en films. Chang werd geboren in een aristocratisch milieu en tweetalig opgevoed in Shanghai. Ze groeide uit tot een literaire bekendheid vanaf 1943 in het door Japanners bezette Shanghai. Haar snelle opkomst werd ook snel afgebroken door haar huwelijk met de als collaborateur met de Japanners bekendstaande en na de communistische machtsovername in 1949. Zij week uit naar de Verenigde Staten. Ze had daar een tweede huwelijk. (nl) |
| rdfs:label | Eileen Chang (en) ايلين تشانغ (ar) Eileen Chang (ca) Zhang Ailing (de) Eileen Chang (es) Eileen Chang (fr) Zhang Ailing (it) 장아이링 (ko) 張愛玲 (ja) Eileen Chang (nl) Eileen Chang (pl) Eileen Chang (pt) Eileen Chang (sv) Чжан Айлин (ru) 張愛玲 (zh) Чжан Айлін (uk) |
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