| dbo:abstract |
حرب الاستقلال الاسكتلندية الأولى كانت الحرب الأولى في سلسلة من الحروب بين القوات الإنجليزية والقوات الاسكتلندية. دامت هذه الحرب منذ الغزو الإنجليزي لاسكتلندا في عام 1296 وحتى الاستعادة القانونية للاستقلال الإسكتلندي من خلال معاهدة إدنبره–نورثامبتون في عام 1328. حدث الاستقلال الفعلي في عام 1314 في معركة بانوكبورن. اندلعت الحروب بسبب الملوك الإنجليز الذين حاولوا بسط سيطرتهم على اسكتلندا بينما حارب الاسكتلنديون لإبقاء الحكم والسلطة الإنجليزيَّين بعيدَين عن اسكتلندا. لم يكن مصطلح «حرب الاستقلال» موجودًا في ذلك الوقت. مُنحت الحرب هذا الاسم بأثر رجعي بعد عدة قرون، وذلك بعد أن جعلت حرب الاستقلال الأمريكية هذا المصطلح شائعًا. (ar) Der Erste Schottischer Unabhängigkeitskrieg war eine lang andauernde kriegerische Auseinandersetzung zwischen England und Schottland. Nachdem der englische König Eduard I. 1296 Schottland besiegt und besetzt sowie den schottischen König John Balliol abgesetzt hatte, kam es 1297 zu einer Rebellion gegen die englische Herrschaft. In mehreren Feldzügen konnten die Engländer bis 1304 den schottischen Widerstand nahezu brechen. Bereits Anfang 1306 kam es jedoch zu einer neuen, von Robert Bruce geführten Rebellion gegen die englische Herrschaft. Bruce erhob sich zum König der Schotten, wurde jedoch zunächst von den englischen Truppen besiegt. Begünstigt durch den Tod von Eduard I., konnte er fast ganz Schottland erobern und 1314 schließlich den englischen König Eduard II. in der Schlacht von Bannockburn besiegen. Da die Engländer Robert Bruce aber nicht als König anerkannten, dauerte der Krieg weiter an. In der Folge führten die Schotten zahlreiche Überfälle nach Nordengland, wo sie schwere Verwüstungen anrichteten. Erst nach einem neuen, fehlgeschlagenen Feldzug wurde 1323 ein langfristiger Waffenstillstand geschlossen. Nach der Absetzung von Eduard II. kam es 1327 zu neuen Kämpfen zwischen England und Schottland, bis schließlich 1328 der Krieg durch einen Friedensvertrag beendet wurde. Bereits ab 1332 kam es jedoch zu neuen Kämpfen, die zum Zweiten Schottischen Unabhängigkeitskrieg führten. (de) The First War of Scottish Independence was the first of a series of wars between English and Scottish forces. It lasted from the English invasion of Scotland in 1296 until the de jure restoration of Scottish independence with the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton in 1328. De facto independence was established in 1314 at the Battle of Bannockburn. The wars were caused by the attempts of the English kings to establish their authority over Scotland while Scots fought to keep English rule and authority out of Scotland. The term "War of Independence" did not exist at the time. The war was given that name retrospectively many centuries later, after the American War of Independence made the term popular, and after the rise of modern Scottish nationalism. (en) Perang Kemerdekaan Skotlandia Pertama adalah bagian awal dari perang yang berlangsung antara Kerajaan Inggris dan Skotlandia. Perang ini dimulai setelah Inggris menyerbu Skotlandia pada tahun 1296 dan berakhir saat kemerdekaan Skotlandia direstorasi secara de jure dengan ditandatanganinya Traktat Edinburgh-Northampton pada tahun 1328. Kemerdekaan secara de facto diperoleh sejak tahun 1314 setelah Skotlandia memenangkan Pertempuran Bannockburn. Dalam perang ini, Inggris mencoba menguasai Skotlandia, sementara Skotlandia berusaha mengusir Inggris. (in) La Prima guerra d'indipendenza scozzese fu il capitolo iniziale di una serie di combattimenti tra le forze inglesi e scozzesi che iniziarono nel 1296 e terminarono con la restaurazione scozzese de jure del Trattato di Edimburgo-Northampton nel 1328. De facto l'indipendenza venne raggiunta già dal 1314 con la Battaglia di Bannockburn. L'Inghilterra tentò di espandere la propria autorità sulla Scozia mentre gli scozzesi cercarono di combattere il governo inglese e la sua autorità in Scozia. Il termine di "guerra d'indipendenza" non venne utilizzato all'epoca, ma è frutto della storiografia posteriore. (it) 제1차 스코틀랜드 독립 전쟁(the First War of Scottish Independence)은 잉글랜드가 1296년 스코틀랜드를 침략했을 때부터, 1328년 으로 스코틀랜드의 독립이 형식적으로 보장되었을 때까지 지속된 전쟁으로, 잉글랜드가 스코틀랜드를 자국 권력하에 편입시키려 한 데 대하여 스코트인들이 저항한 것이 전쟁의 내용이다. 실질적인 독립은 1314년 배넉번 전투에서 스코틀랜드가 승리했을 때 이미 쟁취되었다. (ko) A Primeira Guerra de Independência da Escócia foi a primeira etapa de uma série de guerras entre a Escócia e a Inglaterra, a partir de 1296 até que a independência escocesa ser, de jure, restaurada pelo Tratado de Edimburgo-Northampton de 1328. A independência de facto já tinha sido conquistada em 1314 após a batalha de Bannockburn. O conflito começou quando o rei escocês, Alexandre III, faleceu sem deixar herdeiros, levando a uma disputa sucessória. Eduardo I da Inglaterra foi convidado a se tornar árbitro da questão de sucessão e instaurou o rei João Balliol no trono, porém ele exigiu que a Escócia se tornasse seu reino vassalo. Os escoceses não aceitaram e iniciaram uma guerra para restabelecer sua posição como uma nação independente. O termo "guerra de independência" não foi usado na época. Este nome foi dado de forma retroativa, séculos mais tarde, após a Guerra de Independência dos Estados Unidos tornar este termo popular. (pt) I wojna o niepodległość Szkocji – miała miejsce w latach 1296–1328. (pl) Первая война за независимость Шотландии (англ. First War of Scottish Independence) — первый из серии конфликтов между Англией и Шотландией. Он начался с английского вторжения в Шотландию в 1296 году и закончился официальным признанием независимости Шотландии согласно Эдинбургско-Нортгемптонскому договору в 1328 году. Фактическая независимость была установлена в 1314 году благодаря победе Роберта Брюса в битве при Баннокберне. Война была вызвана попытками английских королей установить свою власть над Шотландией после того, как пресеклась местная династия. Термина «Война за независимость» в то время не существовало. Англо-шотландский конфликт получил это название в эпоху Нового времени. (ru) Перша війна за незалежність Шотландії тривала із вторгнення Англійських військ у 1296 до відновлення de jure шотландської незалежності після підписання у 1328 році. De facto Королівство Шотландія здобуло незалежність 1314 року після . (uk) |
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1328-05-01 (xsd:date) |
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* English victory in Ireland * Scottish independence from England maintained Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton * Reinstatement of Anglo-Scottish border from reign ofAlexander III of Scotland |
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Robert the Bruce addresses his troops before the Battle of Bannockburn. Drawing from c. 1900. (en) |
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20 (xsd:integer) 25 (xsd:integer) dbr:John_de_Bermingham,_1st_Earl_of_Louth Raymond Caillau (en) |
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First War of Scottish Independence (en) |
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the Wars of Scottish Independence (en) |
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Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton * Scottish independence from England maintained * English victory in Ireland * Reinstatement of Anglo-Scottish border from reign of Alexander III of Scotland (en) |
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Perang Kemerdekaan Skotlandia Pertama adalah bagian awal dari perang yang berlangsung antara Kerajaan Inggris dan Skotlandia. Perang ini dimulai setelah Inggris menyerbu Skotlandia pada tahun 1296 dan berakhir saat kemerdekaan Skotlandia direstorasi secara de jure dengan ditandatanganinya Traktat Edinburgh-Northampton pada tahun 1328. Kemerdekaan secara de facto diperoleh sejak tahun 1314 setelah Skotlandia memenangkan Pertempuran Bannockburn. Dalam perang ini, Inggris mencoba menguasai Skotlandia, sementara Skotlandia berusaha mengusir Inggris. (in) 제1차 스코틀랜드 독립 전쟁(the First War of Scottish Independence)은 잉글랜드가 1296년 스코틀랜드를 침략했을 때부터, 1328년 으로 스코틀랜드의 독립이 형식적으로 보장되었을 때까지 지속된 전쟁으로, 잉글랜드가 스코틀랜드를 자국 권력하에 편입시키려 한 데 대하여 스코트인들이 저항한 것이 전쟁의 내용이다. 실질적인 독립은 1314년 배넉번 전투에서 스코틀랜드가 승리했을 때 이미 쟁취되었다. (ko) I wojna o niepodległość Szkocji – miała miejsce w latach 1296–1328. (pl) Перша війна за незалежність Шотландії тривала із вторгнення Англійських військ у 1296 до відновлення de jure шотландської незалежності після підписання у 1328 році. De facto Королівство Шотландія здобуло незалежність 1314 року після . (uk) حرب الاستقلال الاسكتلندية الأولى كانت الحرب الأولى في سلسلة من الحروب بين القوات الإنجليزية والقوات الاسكتلندية. دامت هذه الحرب منذ الغزو الإنجليزي لاسكتلندا في عام 1296 وحتى الاستعادة القانونية للاستقلال الإسكتلندي من خلال معاهدة إدنبره–نورثامبتون في عام 1328. حدث الاستقلال الفعلي في عام 1314 في معركة بانوكبورن. اندلعت الحروب بسبب الملوك الإنجليز الذين حاولوا بسط سيطرتهم على اسكتلندا بينما حارب الاسكتلنديون لإبقاء الحكم والسلطة الإنجليزيَّين بعيدَين عن اسكتلندا. (ar) Der Erste Schottischer Unabhängigkeitskrieg war eine lang andauernde kriegerische Auseinandersetzung zwischen England und Schottland. Nachdem der englische König Eduard I. 1296 Schottland besiegt und besetzt sowie den schottischen König John Balliol abgesetzt hatte, kam es 1297 zu einer Rebellion gegen die englische Herrschaft. In mehreren Feldzügen konnten die Engländer bis 1304 den schottischen Widerstand nahezu brechen. Bereits Anfang 1306 kam es jedoch zu einer neuen, von Robert Bruce geführten Rebellion gegen die englische Herrschaft. Bruce erhob sich zum König der Schotten, wurde jedoch zunächst von den englischen Truppen besiegt. Begünstigt durch den Tod von Eduard I., konnte er fast ganz Schottland erobern und 1314 schließlich den englischen König Eduard II. in der Schlacht von Ban (de) The First War of Scottish Independence was the first of a series of wars between English and Scottish forces. It lasted from the English invasion of Scotland in 1296 until the de jure restoration of Scottish independence with the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton in 1328. De facto independence was established in 1314 at the Battle of Bannockburn. The wars were caused by the attempts of the English kings to establish their authority over Scotland while Scots fought to keep English rule and authority out of Scotland. (en) La Prima guerra d'indipendenza scozzese fu il capitolo iniziale di una serie di combattimenti tra le forze inglesi e scozzesi che iniziarono nel 1296 e terminarono con la restaurazione scozzese de jure del Trattato di Edimburgo-Northampton nel 1328. De facto l'indipendenza venne raggiunta già dal 1314 con la Battaglia di Bannockburn. L'Inghilterra tentò di espandere la propria autorità sulla Scozia mentre gli scozzesi cercarono di combattere il governo inglese e la sua autorità in Scozia. (it) A Primeira Guerra de Independência da Escócia foi a primeira etapa de uma série de guerras entre a Escócia e a Inglaterra, a partir de 1296 até que a independência escocesa ser, de jure, restaurada pelo Tratado de Edimburgo-Northampton de 1328. A independência de facto já tinha sido conquistada em 1314 após a batalha de Bannockburn. O conflito começou quando o rei escocês, Alexandre III, faleceu sem deixar herdeiros, levando a uma disputa sucessória. Eduardo I da Inglaterra foi convidado a se tornar árbitro da questão de sucessão e instaurou o rei João Balliol no trono, porém ele exigiu que a Escócia se tornasse seu reino vassalo. Os escoceses não aceitaram e iniciaram uma guerra para restabelecer sua posição como uma nação independente. (pt) Первая война за независимость Шотландии (англ. First War of Scottish Independence) — первый из серии конфликтов между Англией и Шотландией. Он начался с английского вторжения в Шотландию в 1296 году и закончился официальным признанием независимости Шотландии согласно Эдинбургско-Нортгемптонскому договору в 1328 году. Фактическая независимость была установлена в 1314 году благодаря победе Роберта Брюса в битве при Баннокберне. Война была вызвана попытками английских королей установить свою власть над Шотландией после того, как пресеклась местная династия. (ru) |
| rdfs:label |
حرب الاستقلال الاسكتلندية الأولى (ar) First War of Scottish Independence (en) Erster Schottischer Unabhängigkeitskrieg (de) Primera Guerra de la Independencia de Escocia (es) Perang Kemerdekaan Skotlandia Pertama (in) Prima guerra d'indipendenza scozzese (it) 제1차 스코틀랜드 독립 전쟁 (ko) I wojna o niepodległość Szkocji (pl) Primeira Guerra de Independência da Escócia (pt) Первая война за независимость Шотландии (ru) Перша війна за незалежність Шотландії (uk) |
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