Guy Burgess (original) (raw)
Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess (* 16. April 1911 in , Plymouth, England; † 30. August 1963 in Moskau, Sowjetunion) war ein britischer Geheimagent und Doppelagent, der gleichzeitig für die Sowjetunion arbeitete. Er gehörte dem Spionagering der Cambridge Five innerhalb des MI5 an.
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| dbo:abstract | Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess (* 16. April 1911 in , Plymouth, England; † 30. August 1963 in Moskau, Sowjetunion) war ein britischer Geheimagent und Doppelagent, der gleichzeitig für die Sowjetunion arbeitete. Er gehörte dem Spionagering der Cambridge Five innerhalb des MI5 an. (de) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess (Devonport, Inglaterra, 16 de abril de 1911-Moscú, Unión Soviética, 30 de agosto de 1963) fue un diplomático británico y agente soviético que perteneció a Los cinco de Cambridge, un círculo de espías que operó desde mediados de la década de 1930 hasta los primeros años de la Guerra Fría. Su deserción a la Unión Soviética en 1951, acompañado de Donald Maclean, también espía y miembro del grupo, llevó a la ruptura de la cooperación angloestadounidense en materia de inteligencia e impactó y desmoralizó de manera profunda y duradera a los servicios de inteligencia y diplomáticos británicos. Nacido en el seno de una familia adinerada de clase media, Burgess completó su formación en Eton College, la y Trinity College. Hábil a la hora de trabar amistades y establecer una amplia red de contactos, abrazó ideologías izquierdistas en Cambridge y se unió al Partido Comunista británico. La inteligencia soviética lo reclutó en 1935 siguiendo la recomendación del también futuro doble agente Kim Philby. Tras dejar Cambridge, trabajó para la British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) como productor, como oficial de inteligencia del MI6 durante un breve periodo y para el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores desde 1944. En el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, fungió como secretario confidencial de Hector McNeil, adjunto de Ernest Bevin, ministro de Exteriores. Este puesto le brindó acceso a información relativa a todos los aspectos de la política de exteriores británica durante el crítico periodo posterior a 1945; se cree que brindó miles de documentos a sus superiores soviéticos. En 1950 fue designado segundo secretario del embajador británico en Washington, desde donde lo enviaron de vuelta a casa por su reincidente mal comportamiento. Acompañó a Maclean cuando este, a punto de ser desenmascarado, huyó a Moscú en mayo de 1951. El paradero de Burgess fue desconocido para las autoridades occidentales hasta 1956, cuando ofreció una breve rueda de prensa desde Moscú junto con Maclean; a lo largo de ella, aseguró que el motivo de sus acciones había sido un intento de mejorar las relaciones entre soviéticos y occidente. Nunca partiría de la Unión Soviética; sus amigos y periodistas británicos lo visitaron en varias ocasiones, y la mayoría habló de que su vida allí era solitaria y vacía. Se mantuvo sin arrepentimiento hasta el final de sus días y se negó a aceptar que sus actividades supusiesen un acto de traición. No le faltaba dinero, pero su mal estilo de vida provocó que su salud se deteriorara hasta que falleció en 1963. Los expertos no han podido determinar con exactitud el alcance del daño causado por sus actividades de espionaje, pero consideran que la ruptura de las relaciones entre británicos y estadounidenses fue incluso de mayor valor para los soviéticos que la información que Burgess les brindó. Su vida se ha adaptado en varias ocasiones, tanto para su representación en escenarios de teatro como para la gran pantalla. (es) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess (16 April 1911 – 30 August 1963) was a British diplomat and Soviet agent, and a member of the Cambridge Five spy ring that operated from the mid-1930s to the early years of the Cold War era. His defection in 1951 to the Soviet Union, with his fellow spy Donald Maclean, led to a serious breach in Anglo-United States intelligence co-operation, and caused long-lasting disruption and demoralisation in Britain's foreign and diplomatic services. Born into a middle-class family, Burgess was educated at Eton College, the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, and Trinity College, Cambridge. An assiduous networker, he embraced left-wing politics at Cambridge and joined the British Communist Party. He was recruited by Soviet intelligence in 1935, on the recommendation of the future double-agent Harold "Kim" Philby. After leaving Cambridge, Burgess worked for the BBC as a producer, briefly interrupted by a short period as a full-time MI6 intelligence officer, before joining the Foreign Office in 1944. At the Foreign Office, Burgess acted as a confidential secretary to Hector McNeil, the deputy to Ernest Bevin, the Foreign Secretary. This post gave Burgess access to secret information on all aspects of Britain's foreign policy during the critical post-1945 period, and it is estimated that he passed thousands of documents to his Soviet controllers. In 1950 he was appointed second secretary to the British Embassy in Washington, a post from which he was sent home after repeated misbehaviour. Although not at this stage under suspicion, Burgess nevertheless accompanied Maclean when the latter, on the point of being unmasked, fled to Moscow in May 1951. Burgess's whereabouts were unknown in the West until 1956, when he appeared with Maclean at a brief press conference in Moscow, claiming that his motive had been to improve Soviet-West relations. He never left the Soviet Union; he was often visited by friends and journalists from Britain, most of whom reported on a lonely and empty existence. He remained unrepentant to the end of his life, rejecting the notion that his earlier activities represented treason. He was well provided for materially, but as a result of his lifestyle his health deteriorated, and he died in 1963. Experts have found it difficult to assess the extent of damage caused by Burgess's espionage activities, but consider that the disruption in Anglo-American relations caused by his defection was perhaps of greater value to the Soviets than any intelligence information he provided. Burgess's life has frequently been fictionalised, and dramatised in productions for screen and stage, notably in the 1981 Julian Mitchell play Another Country and its 1984 film adaptation. Burgess was also responsible for revealing to the Soviets the existence of the Information Research Department (IRD), a secret wing of the Foreign Office which dealt with Cold War and pro-colonial propaganda, though Burgess was quickly fired from the IRD after being accused of coming into work drunk. (en) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess britainiar diplomazialari eta sobietar espioia izan zen, Cambridgeko bostak taldeko kidea. Cambridgeko Unibertsitatean ikasi zuen eta han Erresuma Batuko Alderdi Komunistan sartu zen. 1935ean espioi sobietarren alde bihurtu zen, Kim Philbyk gomendatutako. Unibertsitatetik atera ondoren, ekoizle lanetan aritu zen BBCn eta inteligentzia agentea MI6ean, 1944an diplomatiko bihurtu aurretik. Kanpo Arazoetako Ministerioan zuen jarrerari esker, Britainia Handiko kanpo-politikari buruzko informazioa eskuratu ahal izan zuen 1945etik. Sobietarrei mila informazio-dokumentu baino gehiago eman zizkien. 1951n Sobietar Batasunera ihes egin zuen Donald Macleanekin batera, baina britainiarrek ez zuten 1946ra arte jakin. * Datuak: Q918668 * Multimedia: Guy Burgess (eu) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess, né le 16 avril 1911 dans le Devon et mort le 30 août 1963 à Moscou, était un membre du Secret Intelligence Service recruté comme agent par les services soviétiques (noms de code : Mädchen, Hicks). Il appartenait au groupe d'espions connu sous le nom des Cinq de Cambridge qui trahirent leur pays pendant la guerre froide. Burgess transmit notamment des documents secrets britanniques et aida un autre agent soviétique, Kim Philby, à rejoindre à son tour le SIS. (fr) 가이 버지스(Guy Burgess, 1911년 4월 16일 ~ 1963년 8월 30일)는 킴 필비, 앤서니 블런트, 도널드 맥클린, 존 케른크로스와 함께 케임브리지 5인방이라고 불리는 소련 간첩 중 한 명이다. (ko) Guy Francis De Moncy Burgess (Devon, 16 aprile 1911 – Mosca, 30 agosto 1963) è stato un agente segreto britannico al servizio dell'Unione Sovietica, facente parte del cosiddetto gruppo dei Cinque di Cambridge. (it) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess (16 de abril de 1911 — 30 de agosto de 1963) foi um produtor de rádio e espião britânico, membro da rede Cambridge Five de espionagem que passava segredos ocidentais para os soviéticos, antes e durante a Guerra Fria. Burgess era o líder de quatro membros da Cambridge Five dentre eles o próprio Burgess e , Anthony Blunt e Kim Philby. A Cambridge Five foi uma rede de espionagem que contribuiu para a causa comunista com a transmissão de documentos secretos do Foreign Office e do MI5 que descreviam militar da OTAN e estratégia econômica de Plano Marshall. (pt) Guy Francis De Moncy Burgess (Devonport, 16 april 1911 – Moskou, 30 augustus 1963) was een Brits dubbelspion die voor de Sovjet-Unie werkte. Hij was een van de Cambridge Five die gedurende de Tweede Wereldoorlog en Koude Oorlog Westerse geheimen doorspeelden aan de Sovjets. (nl) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess, född 16 april 1911 i Devonport i Plymouth i Devon, död 30 augusti 1963 i Moskva, var en brittisk spion och dubbelagent, som arbetade för Sovjetunionen. Han är den minst kände i den brittiska spionkvartetten Guy Burgess - Donald Maclean - Anthony Blunt - Kim Philby, kända som "the Cambridge Four". Han hade, liksom de tre andra, tillhört en grupp vänstersocialistiska studenter i Cambridge. För att dölja sin politiska uppfattning, gick han 1934 med i en pro-nazistisk förening som kallade sig Anglo-German Fellowship. 1944 anställdes han vid Foreign Office och rekryterades av Sovjetunionen som spion. Burgess skickades 1947 till Washington, D.C. i USA, där han arbetade som andresekreterare vid Storbritanniens ambassad. Under sin tjänstgöring där lämnade han ut hemligstämplade dokument till KGB. Då det uppdagades att han var dubbelagent, flydde han 1951 tillsammans med Donald Maclean, till Moskva, där han bodde fram till sin död 1963. Som person var han känd för att vara excentrisk och charmig, en briljant konversatör som var öppet homosexuell och drack flitigt. (sv) Гай Фрэнсис де Монси Бёрджесс (англ. Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess, в СССР жил под именем Джим Андреевич Элиот; 16 апреля 1911, Девонпорт, Англия — 30 августа 1963, Москва, СССР) — британский аристократ, ведущий «Би-би-си», сотрудник контрразведки MI5 (1939 — 1941). С 1944 года по 1951 год — сотрудник Министерства иностранных дел Соединённого королевства. Являлся агентом советского НКВД (до 1954 года), КГБ СССР (1954 — 1963). Член Кембриджской пятёрки. Соратник Виктора Ротшильда. (ru) 盖伊·伯吉斯（英語：Guy Burgess 1911年4月16日－1963年8月30日）英国外交官和苏联特工、剑桥五人组成员，该小组从1930年代中期到冷战时代初期一直运作。1951年他与间谍唐纳德·麦克林一起叛逃到苏联，导致英美情报合作遭到严重破坏，造成英国外交部门的长期混乱并重挫其士气。 (zh) |
| dbo:alias | Codenames "Mädchen", "Hicks" (en) |
| dbo:birthDate | 1911-04-16 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:birthPlace | dbr:Devonport,_Devon |
| dbo:birthYear | 1911-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
| dbo:deathDate | 1963-08-30 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:deathPlace | dbr:Soviet_Union |
| dbo:deathYear | 1963-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Guy_Burgess.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv=e36KMyp-GDE https://www.wired-gov.net/wg/news.nsf/print/File+release+Cold+War+Cambridge+spies+Burgess+and+Maclean+26102015101500 https://archive.org/details/guyburgessspywho0000purv https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=2-gCqtMfi-YC&q=Cambridge+antiwar+demonstration+November+1933&pg=PA69%7Cpublisher= https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211114/e36KMyp-GDE%7C |
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| dbp:birthDate | 1911-04-16 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:birthPlace | Devonport, Devon, England (en) |
| dbp:caption | Photo portrait, before 1951 (en) |
| dbp:deathDate | 1963-08-30 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:deathPlace | Moscow, Soviet Union (en) |
| dbp:knownFor | Member of "Cambridge Five" spy ring; defected to Soviet Union 1951 (en) |
| dbp:name | Guy Burgess (en) |
| dbp:otherNames | Codenames "Mädchen", "Hicks" (en) |
| dbp:quote | "A bad, unpleasant book about a bad, unpleasant man. What kind of people does Mr. Driberg think we are, to be deceived by this packet of glibness and plausible triviality?" (en) "No one has ever shown that Burgess did much harm, except to make fools of people in high places". (en) "Burgess saw almost all material produced by the Foreign Office, including telegraphic communications both decoded and encoded, with keys for decryption, which would have been valuable to his Soviet handlers". (en) |
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| dbp:source | Alan Bennett, Single Spies (en) John Connell, (en) Lownie: Stalin's Englishman (en) commenting in Time and Tide (en) on Driberg's book. (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess (* 16. April 1911 in , Plymouth, England; † 30. August 1963 in Moskau, Sowjetunion) war ein britischer Geheimagent und Doppelagent, der gleichzeitig für die Sowjetunion arbeitete. Er gehörte dem Spionagering der Cambridge Five innerhalb des MI5 an. (de) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess, né le 16 avril 1911 dans le Devon et mort le 30 août 1963 à Moscou, était un membre du Secret Intelligence Service recruté comme agent par les services soviétiques (noms de code : Mädchen, Hicks). Il appartenait au groupe d'espions connu sous le nom des Cinq de Cambridge qui trahirent leur pays pendant la guerre froide. Burgess transmit notamment des documents secrets britanniques et aida un autre agent soviétique, Kim Philby, à rejoindre à son tour le SIS. (fr) 가이 버지스(Guy Burgess, 1911년 4월 16일 ~ 1963년 8월 30일)는 킴 필비, 앤서니 블런트, 도널드 맥클린, 존 케른크로스와 함께 케임브리지 5인방이라고 불리는 소련 간첩 중 한 명이다. (ko) Guy Francis De Moncy Burgess (Devon, 16 aprile 1911 – Mosca, 30 agosto 1963) è stato un agente segreto britannico al servizio dell'Unione Sovietica, facente parte del cosiddetto gruppo dei Cinque di Cambridge. (it) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess (16 de abril de 1911 — 30 de agosto de 1963) foi um produtor de rádio e espião britânico, membro da rede Cambridge Five de espionagem que passava segredos ocidentais para os soviéticos, antes e durante a Guerra Fria. Burgess era o líder de quatro membros da Cambridge Five dentre eles o próprio Burgess e , Anthony Blunt e Kim Philby. A Cambridge Five foi uma rede de espionagem que contribuiu para a causa comunista com a transmissão de documentos secretos do Foreign Office e do MI5 que descreviam militar da OTAN e estratégia econômica de Plano Marshall. (pt) Guy Francis De Moncy Burgess (Devonport, 16 april 1911 – Moskou, 30 augustus 1963) was een Brits dubbelspion die voor de Sovjet-Unie werkte. Hij was een van de Cambridge Five die gedurende de Tweede Wereldoorlog en Koude Oorlog Westerse geheimen doorspeelden aan de Sovjets. (nl) Гай Фрэнсис де Монси Бёрджесс (англ. Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess, в СССР жил под именем Джим Андреевич Элиот; 16 апреля 1911, Девонпорт, Англия — 30 августа 1963, Москва, СССР) — британский аристократ, ведущий «Би-би-си», сотрудник контрразведки MI5 (1939 — 1941). С 1944 года по 1951 год — сотрудник Министерства иностранных дел Соединённого королевства. Являлся агентом советского НКВД (до 1954 года), КГБ СССР (1954 — 1963). Член Кембриджской пятёрки. Соратник Виктора Ротшильда. (ru) 盖伊·伯吉斯（英語：Guy Burgess 1911年4月16日－1963年8月30日）英国外交官和苏联特工、剑桥五人组成员，该小组从1930年代中期到冷战时代初期一直运作。1951年他与间谍唐纳德·麦克林一起叛逃到苏联，导致英美情报合作遭到严重破坏，造成英国外交部门的长期混乱并重挫其士气。 (zh) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess (16 April 1911 – 30 August 1963) was a British diplomat and Soviet agent, and a member of the Cambridge Five spy ring that operated from the mid-1930s to the early years of the Cold War era. His defection in 1951 to the Soviet Union, with his fellow spy Donald Maclean, led to a serious breach in Anglo-United States intelligence co-operation, and caused long-lasting disruption and demoralisation in Britain's foreign and diplomatic services. (en) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess (Devonport, Inglaterra, 16 de abril de 1911-Moscú, Unión Soviética, 30 de agosto de 1963) fue un diplomático británico y agente soviético que perteneció a Los cinco de Cambridge, un círculo de espías que operó desde mediados de la década de 1930 hasta los primeros años de la Guerra Fría. Su deserción a la Unión Soviética en 1951, acompañado de Donald Maclean, también espía y miembro del grupo, llevó a la ruptura de la cooperación angloestadounidense en materia de inteligencia e impactó y desmoralizó de manera profunda y duradera a los servicios de inteligencia y diplomáticos británicos. (es) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess britainiar diplomazialari eta sobietar espioia izan zen, Cambridgeko bostak taldeko kidea. Cambridgeko Unibertsitatean ikasi zuen eta han Erresuma Batuko Alderdi Komunistan sartu zen. 1935ean espioi sobietarren alde bihurtu zen, Kim Philbyk gomendatutako. Unibertsitatetik atera ondoren, ekoizle lanetan aritu zen BBCn eta inteligentzia agentea MI6ean, 1944an diplomatiko bihurtu aurretik. Kanpo Arazoetako Ministerioan zuen jarrerari esker, Britainia Handiko kanpo-politikari buruzko informazioa eskuratu ahal izan zuen 1945etik. Sobietarrei mila informazio-dokumentu baino gehiago eman zizkien. (eu) Guy Francis de Moncy Burgess, född 16 april 1911 i Devonport i Plymouth i Devon, död 30 augusti 1963 i Moskva, var en brittisk spion och dubbelagent, som arbetade för Sovjetunionen. Han är den minst kände i den brittiska spionkvartetten Guy Burgess - Donald Maclean - Anthony Blunt - Kim Philby, kända som "the Cambridge Four". Han hade, liksom de tre andra, tillhört en grupp vänstersocialistiska studenter i Cambridge. För att dölja sin politiska uppfattning, gick han 1934 med i en pro-nazistisk förening som kallade sig Anglo-German Fellowship. (sv) |
| rdfs:label | Guy Burgess (de) Guy Burgess (en) Guy Burgess (es) Guy Burgess (eu) Guy Burgess (fr) Guy Burgess (it) 가이 버지스 (ko) Guy Burgess (nl) Guy Burgess (pt) Бёрджесс, Гай (ru) Guy Burgess (sv) 盖伊·伯吉斯 (zh) |
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